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Database Name: EPFL_LISP_BXD_Liver_Polar_Metabolites_HFD_Jun14
GeneNetwork Accession Number: GN474
For more information regarding this data set please visit: http://www.genenetwork.org/webqtl/main.py?FormID=sharinginfo&GN_AccessionId=474

Z-Score.
In general, the array data that we enter in GeneNetwork have been log transformed and then z-score normalized, but instead of leaving the mean at 0 and the standard deviation of 1 unit,
the data is rescaled to a mean of 8 units with a standard deviation of 2 units (what we call 2Z + 8 normalized data).

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ProbeSet	Gene Symbol	Chr	Mb	Gene Id	Strand Gene	Blat Mb Start	Blat Mb End	Description	Aliases	Blat Sequence	UniGeneId	OMIM	HomoloGeneID	C57BL/6J	DBA/2J	BXD68	BXD43	BXD44	BXD45	BXD48	BXD49	BXD50	BXD51	BXD55	BXD56	BXD61	BXD62	BXD63	BXD65	BXD66	BXD69	BXD70	BXD71	BXD73	BXD75	BXD79	BXD73a	BXD81	BXD83	BXD84	BXD85	BXD87	BXD89	BXD90	BXD48a	BXD65a	BXD98	BXD95	BXD99	BXD100	BXD101	BXD73b	
51.02407804_MZ	Methanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methanol is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol (Wikipedia). Methanol is responsible for accidental, suicidal, and epidemic poisonings, resulting in death or permanent sequelae. Toxicity is due to the metabolic products of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase. (PMID 15627163). The rapid and accurate diagnosis of toxic alcohol poisoning due to methanol (methyl alcohol) is paramount in preventing serious adverse outcomes. The quantitative measurement of specific serum levels of methanol using gas chromatography is expensive, time consuming and generally only available at major tertiary-care facilities. (PMID 15862085).	CH4O		None	None	None	3879.94	4001.39	3965.55	3575.95	4005.48	6559.84	4892.9	3709.51	5618.62	5141.92	4732.47	4587.03	4203.13	3903.66	3464.09	4481.96	5562.71	3891.8	5538.02	4252.49	5375.23	4013.27	3617.74	4802.62	4246.22	4190.69	3660.91	5066.47	4457.74	3335.37	3382.71	4853.52	3284.2	5478.56	5412.34	5594.53	4590.04	5339.68	4107.21	
52.02081441_MZ	Hydroxylamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxylamine is a reactive chemical with formula NH2OH. It can be considered a hybrid of ammonia and water due to parallels it shares with each. At room temperature pure NH2OH is ordinarily a white, unstable crystalline, hygroscopic compound; however it is almost always encountered as an aqueous solution. A colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide. Hydroxylamine may explode on heating. It is an irritant to the respiratory tract, skin, eyes, and other mucous membranes. It may be absorbed through the skin, is harmful if swallowed, and is a possible mutagen. NH2OH is an intermediate in the biological nitrification. The oxidation of NH3 is mediated by HAO (hydroxylamine oxidoreductase).	H3NO		None	None	None	976.084	1092.68	1179.25	1051.42	876.176	730.695	1436.85	1136.72	1039.8	1179.23	1272.28	204.364	762.038	765.865	839.903	546.604	1090.48	876.136	887.324	1834.12	846.897	1385.15	879.397	805.127	1079.47	687.638	1183.61	1762.66	946.078	625.192	507.923	554.765	723.666	1167.66	1098.21	853.388	734.121	1353.8	580.731	
53.00263058_MZ	2-Propyn-1-al	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Propyn-1-al is involved in the propanoate metabolism system. It is created from 2-Propyn-1-ol through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.99.8]. 2-Propyn-1-al is converted to propynoate by aldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.3].	C3H2O		None	None	None	790.914	507.42	537.314	744.936	857.837	914.61	1155.28	1130.3	874.112	745.514	764.758	415.007	945.928	860.509	967.013	1774.88	670.397	544.339	675.839	1028.79	821.273	804.887	943.217	957.401	950.944	535.777	917.736	627.026	1153.68	699.46	797.135	636.305	737.391	896.013	580.843	936.62	1080.56	910.855	1355.79	
54.97564605_MZ	Hydrochloric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydrochloric acid constitutes the majority of gastric acid, the human digestive fluid. In a complex process and at a large energetic burden, it is secreted by parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells). These cells contain an extensive secretory network (called canaliculi) from which the HCl is secreted into the lumen of the stomach. They are part of the epithelial fundic glands (also known as oxyntic glands) in the stomach. The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). It is a strong acid, the major component of gastric acid and of wide industrial use. Hydrochloric acid must be handled with appropriate safety precautions because it is a highly corrosive liquid. Hydrochloric acid, or muriatic acid by its historical but still occasionally used name, has been an important and frequently used chemical from early history and was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800. Hydrogen chloride, also known under the name HCl, is a highly corrosive and toxic colorless gas that forms white fumes on contact with humidity. These fumes consist of hydrochloric acid which forms when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water. The hydrogen chloride molecule HCl is a simple diatomic molecule consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom Cl connected with a covalent single bond. Since the chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom, the covalent bond between the atoms is quite polar. Hydrogen chloride forms corrosive hydrochloric acid on contact with body tissue. Inhalation of the fumes can cause coughing, choking, inflammation of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract, and in severe cases, pulmonary edema, circulatory system failure, and death. Skin contact can cause redness, pain, and severe skin burns. Hydrogen chloride may cause severe burns to the eye and permanent eye damage.	ClH		None	None	None	961.04	661.945	1168.06	1579.03	1460.57	1012.24	395.464	1108.01	989.962	1686.39	887.124	2397.32	818.445	739.731	1002.08	1325.79	1229.1	949.908	871.358	254.923	862.046	1127.17	1486.99	815.672	1643.15	1041.98	1030.63	660.696	864.614	391.937	1567.4	948.945	583.492	905.858	2025.27	924.612	449.23	1571.0	829.586	
57.03446253_MZ	Acetone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetone is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis. Acetone is not regarded as a waste product of metabolism. However, its physiological role in biochemical machinery is not clear. A model for the role of acetone metabolism is presented that orders the events occurring in acetonemia in sequence: in diabetic ketosis or starvation, ketone body production (b-hydroxy-butyrate, acetoacetate) provides fuel for vital organs (heart, brain .) raising the chance of survival of the metabolic catastrophe. However, when ketone body production exceeds the degrading capacity, the accumulating acetoacetic acid presents a new challenge to the pH regulatory system. Acetone production and its further degradation to C3 fragments fulfill two purposes: the maintenance of pH buffering capacity and provision of fuel for peripheral tissues. Since ketosis develops under serious metabolic circumstances, all the mechanisms that balance or moderate the effects of ketosis enhance the chance for survival. From this point of view, the theory that transportable C3 fragments can serve as additional nutrients is a novel view of acetone metabolism which introduces a new approach to the study of acetone degradation, especially in understanding its physiological function and the interrelationship between liver and peripheral tissues. (PMID 10580530). Acetone is typically derived from acetoacetate through the action of microbial acetoacetate decarboxylases found in gut microflora. In chemistry, acetone is the simplest representative of the ketones. Acetone is a colorless, mobile, flammable liquid readily soluble in water, ethanol, ether, etc., and itself serves as an important solvent. Acetone is an irritant and inhalation may lead to hepatotoxic effects (causing liver damage).	C3H6O, Propanal		None	None	None	29709.4	36740.4	39831.4	35636.0	37762.5	52116.5	35802.2	27992.2	37259.4	41701.6	47272.7	40610.9	43363.2	46022.3	30994.3	28118.1	32006.8	30175.3	31720.6	32783.8	39819.7	28580.0	33189.2	36310.4	35519.2	32777.4	29130.7	31948.1	57210.8	32127.8	36818.9	27204.5	27435.2	34414.7	34600.1	37918.0	32324.1	31861.7	36304.8	
58.02967943_MZ	N-Methylformamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Methylformamide (NMF) is one of the two major urinary biomarkers of exposure to N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), a compound widely used in industries because of its extensive miscibility with water and solvents. Metabolism of NMF results in the formation of N-methylcarbamoyl adducts at the N-terminal valine and lysine in blood protein globin. (PMID: 17254560, 17254560, 16289959).	C2H5NO, Acetaldehyde oxime		None	None	None	4015.46	3098.76	2972.76	2827.14	2970.54	3478.59	2646.62	3397.79	3184.96	3392.79	2596.5	2262.04	3465.75	2408.66	3744.47	2421.22	3028.46	2742.88	4200.84	2065.06	2833.96	2409.73	3337.94	2816.69	2721.17	4074.71	2998.07	3324.03	2663.68	2916.15	3812.7	3462.42	2674.2	2336.62	2396.83	3513.51	3960.29	3095.3	2041.65	
59.01373236_MZ	Acetic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical that is used in the production of plastic soft drink bottles, photographic film; and polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households diluted acetic acid is often used as a cleaning agent. In the food industry acetic acid is used as an acidity regulator. The acetyl group, derived from acetic acid, is fundamental to the biochemistry of virtually all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. However, the concentration of free acetic acid in cells is kept at a low level to avoid disrupting the control of the pH of the cell contents. Acetic acid is produced and excreted by certain bacteria, notably the Acetobacter genus and Clostridium acetobutylicum. These bacteria are found universally in foodstuffs, water, and soil, and acetic acid is produced naturally as fruits and some other foods spoil. Acetic acid is also a component of the vaginal lubrication of humans and other primates, where it appears to serve as a mild antibacterial agent.	C2H4O2, Glycolaldehyde		None	None	None	94176.6	91476.9	101837.0	109341.0	93702.1	117076.0	89209.3	86806.5	89823.9	96632.2	84058.8	98451.1	81594.2	103315.0	92552.9	109801.0	109418.0	103983.0	98887.1	77977.0	89553.6	86358.6	88802.5	107008.0	109951.0	100271.0	113186.0	96108.4	81678.6	79217.6	115143.0	94555.0	68634.4	95114.8	113747.0	112210.0	107796.0	112596.0	82468.2	
59.05011986_MZ	Propyl alcohol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C3H8O, Isopropyl alcohol		None	None	None	4585.87	5760.64	4312.59	4837.5	4040.53	4346.37	3988.97	4315.48	4282.82	4911.71	4898.77	4056.92	4273.94	4783.92	4514.97	4941.97	4162.61	4408.63	4617.73	4514.15	4912.68	4744.29	4121.35	4805.15	4471.14	4335.91	4472.42	4490.93	4525.75	4088.43	4282.59	4032.51	4153.89	4190.49	4322.46	5334.25	4805.59	4228.44	4759.72	
64.01869394_MZ	Formamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Formamide is a metabolite used for biological monitoring of workers exposed to N-N-dimethylformamide (DMF).(PMID 7622279). There is a case of significant association between ever having been exposed to DMF and subsequent development of prostate cancer (PMID 2715850).	CH3NO		None	None	None	1247.29	1582.92	1100.82	1185.92	1383.75	1040.1	756.111	1146.87	740.784	1397.3	801.076	1055.83	973.347	1369.89	1138.89	1361.16	972.609	701.118	709.743	1299.99	1445.62	924.896	928.064	1129.34	1020.67	974.004	1121.82	1956.61	652.962	1099.98	1520.12	701.391	870.405	1367.63	1500.41	1298.0	1457.43	779.568	1728.41	
65.03921071_MZ	Ethanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages. Indeed, ethanol has widespread use as a solvent of substances intended for human contact or consumption, including scents, flavorings, colorings, and medicines. Ethanol has a depressive effect on the central nervous system and because of its psychoactive effects, it is considered a drug. Ethanol has a complex mode of action and affects multiple systems in the brain, most notably it acts as an agonist to the GABA receptors. Death from ethanol consumption is possible when blood alcohol level reaches 0.4%. A blood level of 0.5% or more is commonly fatal. Levels of even less than 0.1% can cause intoxication, with unconsciousness often occurring at 0.3-0.4 %. Ethanol is metabolized by the body as an energy-providing carbohydrate nutrient, as it metabolizes into acetyl CoA, an intermediate common with glucose metabolism, that can be used for energy in the citric acid cycle or for biosynthesis. Ethanol within the human body is converted into acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and then into acetic acid by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. The product of the first step of this breakdown, acetaldehyde, is more toxic than ethanol. Acetaldehyde is linked to most of the clinical effects of alcohol. It has been shown to increase the risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver,[77] multiple forms of cancer, and alcoholism. Industrially, ethanol is produced both as a petrochemical, through the hydration of ethylene, and biologically, by fermenting sugars with yeast. Small amounts of ethanol are endogenously produced by gut microflora through anaerobic fermentation. However most ethanol detected in biofluids and tissues likely comes from consumption of alcoholic beverages. Absolute ethanol or anhydrous alcohol generally refers to purified ethanol, containing no more than one percent water. Absolute alcohol is not intended for human consumption. It often contains trace amounts of toxic benzene (used to remove water by azeotropic distillation). Consumption of this form of ethanol can be fatal over a short time period. Generally absolute or pure ethanol is used as a solvent for lab and industrial settings where water will disrupt a desired reaction. Pure ethanol is classed as 200 proof in the USA and Canada, equivalent to 175 degrees proof in the UK system.	C2H6O		None	None	None	868.552	1085.49	1303.96	1094.69	1293.09	1270.68	1074.84	1337.29	1170.24	997.117	1658.77	1037.52	1091.56	1355.02	1198.22	1259.84	820.938	1197.63	1270.15	1043.2	1258.35	1083.35	1133.06	1263.27	990.843	1262.34	846.863	978.208	998.175	924.404	707.015	714.139	916.663	972.27	1265.42	780.388	738.859	1265.04	1336.44	
67.01885406_MZ	3-Butyn-1-al	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Butyn-1-al is an intermediate in Butanoate metabolism (KEGG ID C06145). It is the third to last step in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies and is converted from 3-Butyn-1-ol via the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (acceptor) [EC:1.1.99.8]. It is then converted to 3-Butynoate via the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC:1.2.1.3].	C4H4O		None	None	None	5164.49	4107.66	6014.24	4974.34	5629.02	6376.66	5363.92	5185.62	5566.97	5841.7	5723.45	5468.71	6963.46	5860.84	3526.12	5061.77	5838.49	5384.05	4908.17	5971.07	6127.49	4957.02	5030.08	5777.77	4849.0	5638.83	5160.67	5446.81	5729.83	4894.6	4760.51	5589.98	5779.49	5731.43	6530.67	5909.66	5425.27	6502.03	5647.18	
67.02953357_MZ	Imidazole	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Imidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is further classified as an alkaloid. Imidazole refers to the parent compound C3H4N2, while imidazoles are a class of heterocycles with similar ring structure but varying substituents. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks such as histidine and histamine. Imidazole can act as a base and as a weak acid. Imidazole exists in two tautomeric forms with the hydrogen atom moving between the two nitrogens. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as antifungal drugs and nitroimidazole. Imidazole is a 5 membered planar ring which is soluble in water and polar solvents. Imidazole is a base and an excellent nucleophile. It reacts at the NH nitrogen, attacking alkylating and acylating compounds. It is not particularly susceptible to electrophilic attacks at the carbon atoms, and most of these reactions are substitutions that keep the aromaticity intact. One can see from the resonance structure that the carbon-2 is the carbon most likely to have a nucleophile attack it, but in general nucleophilic substitutions are difficult with imidazole. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological molecules. The most obvious is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side chain. histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes and plays a vital part in the structure and binding functions of hemoglobin.	C3H4N2		None	None	None	4146.08	2692.14	4064.93	4424.34	3706.35	4407.53	3567.18	3702.05	3370.64	3728.63	4188.51	3743.78	4155.54	3828.68	3350.8	3326.29	3873.41	3685.3	3631.55	3934.6	4466.27	3797.4	3608.7	3914.09	3213.2	3550.45	3368.06	3968.27	4121.6	3112.34	3978.88	4125.77	4296.42	3991.37	4838.82	4600.64	4500.83	4541.76	3814.47	
70.02977243_MZ	Acrylamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and more recently was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. Acrylamide is a neurotoxicant, reproductive toxicant, and carcinogen in animal species. Only the neurotoxic effects have been observed in humans and only at high levels of exposure in occupational settings. The mechanism underlying neurotoxic effects of ACR may be basic to the other toxic effects seen in animals. This mechanism involves interference with the kinesin-related motor proteins in nerve cells or with fusion proteins in the formation of vesicles at the nerve terminus and eventual cell death. Neurotoxicity and resulting behavioral changes can affect reproductive performance of ACR-exposed laboratory animals with resulting decreased reproductive performance. Further, the kinesin motor proteins are important in sperm motility, which could alter reproduction parameters. Effects on kinesin proteins could also explain some of the genotoxic effects on ACR. These proteins form the spindle fibers in the nucleus that function in the separation of chromosomes during cell division. This could explain the clastogenic effects of the chemical noted in a number of tests for genotoxicity and assays for germ cell damage. Other mechanisms underlying ACR-induced carcinogenesis or nerve toxicity are likely related to an affinity for sulfhydryl groups on proteins. Binding of the sulfhydryl groups could inactive proteins/enzymes involved in DNA repair and other critical cell functions. Direct interaction with DNA may or may not be a major mechanism for cancer induction in animals. The DNA adducts that form do not correlate with tumor sites and ACR is mostly negative in gene mutation assays except at high doses that may not be achievable in the diet. All epidemiologic studies fail to show any increased risk of cancer from either high-level occupational exposure or the low levels found in the diet. In fact, two of the epidemiologic studies show a decrease in cancer of the large bowel. A number of risk assessment studies were performed to estimate increased cancer risk. The results of these studies are highly variable depending on the model. There is universal consensus among international food safety groups in all countries that examined the issue of ACR in the diet that not enough information is available at this time to make informed decisions on which to base any regulatory action. Too little is known about levels of this chemical in different foods and the potential risk from dietary exposure. Avoidance of foods containing ACR would result in worse health issues from an unbalanced diet or pathogens from under cooked foods. There is some consensus that low levels of ACR in the diet are not a concern for neurotoxicity or reproductive toxicity in humans, although further research is need to study the long-term, low-level cumulative effects on the nervous system. Any relationship to cancer risk from dietary exposure is hypothetical at this point and awaits more definitive studies. (PMID: 17492525).	C3H5NO		None	None	None	4403.75	4637.37	3481.73	3813.94	5346.79	3837.07	4635.45	4914.62	3837.97	3676.85	3831.14	2671.32	5106.6	5117.32	4788.37	4487.07	4806.22	4155.67	3231.48	3384.74	4516.34	4349.28	4197.04	4688.27	3666.81	5581.41	3844.97	3767.81	4553.61	17762.4	4059.84	3868.1	5490.74	3789.25	3704.23	3615.06	5126.57	3434.72	3802.82	
71.01382126_MZ	Pyruvaldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyruvaldehyde is an organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.	C3H4O2, Malondialdehyde		None	None	None	123046.0	128957.0	118891.0	111014.0	133364.0	129339.0	136981.0	149879.0	121871.0	117842.0	131204.0	140199.0	127595.0	153753.0	116592.0	101962.0	131617.0	135795.0	132013.0	116783.0	135734.0	139504.0	117963.0	156718.0	131670.0	147316.0	135867.0	128003.0	106706.0	136295.0	143213.0	121025.0	95489.3	106062.0	122485.0	140425.0	123986.0	93273.9	125574.0	
71.04981752_MZ	Butanal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Butanal is an organic compound that is the aldehyde analog of butane. It is a colorless flammable liquid with an acrid smell. It is miscible with most organic solvents.(wikipedia). IN man, butanal is a biomarker for oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. (PubMed ID 15763951 ).	C4H8O, Butanone, tetrahydrofuran		None	None	None	2327.87	1945.66	3428.36	2749.89	2841.21	2636.12	1896.41	3232.31	2302.99	2309.85	2934.7	2553.05	2546.9	2706.16	2229.79	1908.94	3202.75	2119.65	1812.63	3017.05	2280.59	2472.7	3102.25	3137.95	4223.74	2735.64	2654.85	2884.48	2693.45	2163.25	2854.75	1497.22	3322.77	3589.78	2577.68	2132.46	3099.76	3108.54	2405.67	
72.04493457_MZ	Aminoacetone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Threonine dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of threonine by NAD+ to glycine and acetyl-CoA, but when the ratio acetyl-CoA/CoA increases in nutritional deprivation (e.g., in diabetes) the enzyme produces aminoacetone (Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14 (9), 1323 -1329, 2001). Aminoacetone is thought to be a substrate for SSAO (semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase), leading to the production of the toxic product methylglyoxal (Journal of Chromatography B. Volume 824, Issues 1-2 , 25 September 2005, Pages 116-122 ).	C3H7NO, 3-Aminopropionaldehyde		None	None	None	3845.88	3426.97	3717.11	4134.74	3488.41	3488.55	3342.79	3483.65	3798.08	3282.73	4503.16	2655.41	3704.76	3918.02	3702.2	3592.22	3828.09	3349.62	3425.58	3669.54	4674.46	4445.19	3770.52	3345.63	3401.67	3868.7	2923.72	3716.67	4588.72	3338.2	3593.72	3012.91	2428.96	4796.26	3432.47	3832.09	3267.49	3985.5	5035.86	
72.99314123_MZ	Glyoxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glyoxylic acid or oxoacetic acid is an organic compound that is both an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid. Glyoxylic acid is a liquid with a melting Point of -93 degree centigrade and a boiling Point of 111 degree centigrade. It is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle, which enables certain organisms to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates. The conjugate base of gloxylic acid is known as glyoxylate. This compound is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle, which enables organisms, such as bacteria, fungi and plants to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates. Glyoxylate is the byproduct of the amidation process in biosynthesis of several amidated peptides. The glyoxylate cycle is a metabolic pathway occurring in plants, and several microorganisms, such as E. coli and yeast. Recent research shows that it is present in vertebrates (including humans) and insects. The glyoxylate cycle allows these organisms to use fats for the synthesis of carbohydrates. [PMID: 16396466].	C2H2O3		None	None	None	14741.4	15860.6	14627.7	14165.4	15429.3	13997.2	15987.8	17898.3	12830.3	13763.1	15566.4	16783.7	15962.1	16647.8	14588.5	8910.93	13912.4	14470.4	13961.3	12991.6	15609.4	17901.7	13069.2	18025.6	14061.3	17006.8	13377.4	12721.1	13389.2	16023.8	15753.9	13758.3	12318.2	11803.4	14186.3	16440.3	13113.2	12183.4	15176.6	
73.02946956_MZ	Propionic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Propionic acid (PA) is widely used as an antifungal agent in food. It is present naturally at low levels in dairy products and occurs ubiquitously, together with other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), in the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other mammals as an end-product of the microbial digestion of carbohydrates. It has significant physiological activity in animals. PA is irritant but produces no acute systemic effects and has no demonstrable genotoxic potential. (PMID 1628870) Propionic aciduria is one of the most frequent organic acidurias, a disease that comprise many various disorders. The outcome of patients born with Propionic aciduria is poor intellectual development patterns, with 60% having an IQ less than 75 and requiring special education. Successful liver and/or renal transplantations, in a few patients, have resulted in better quality of life but have not necessarily prevented neurological and various visceral complications. These results emphasize the need for permanent metabolic follow-up whatever the therapeutic strategy. (PMID 15868474) Decreased early mortality, less severe symptoms at diagnosis, and more favorable short-term neurodevelopmental outcome were recorded in patients identified through expanded newborn screening. (PMID 16763906).	C3H6O2, Lactaldehyde, Hydroxyacetone, D-Lactaldehyde, 3-Hydroxypropanal		None	None	None	56027.7	64490.4	58500.9	40971.6	66041.3	70824.3	53586.9	54776.8	63983.7	59999.9	67431.0	65892.5	59620.2	61570.1	55353.3	71664.1	66200.3	58691.1	59269.3	58546.1	61161.2	60988.6	50233.1	69158.0	64954.0	54417.0	65467.5	60379.2	61802.7	46633.4	62185.1	61166.2	46805.1	65665.8	70166.5	69074.0	70481.5	58660.1	62738.2	
73.06727298_MZ	1-Butanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-Butanol, which is also known as n-butanol or 1-butanol or butyl alcohol (sometimes also called biobutanol when produced biologically), is an alcohol with a 4 carbon structure and the molecular formula of C4H10O. It is primarily used as a solvent, as an intermediate in chemical synthesis, and as a fuel. There are four isomeric structures for butanol. The straight chain isomer with the alcohol at an internal carbon is sec-butanol or 2-butanol. The branched isomer with the alcohol at a terminal carbon is isobutanol, and the branched isomer with the alcohol at the internal carbon is tert-butanol. 1-Butanol is produced in small amounts by gut microbial fermenetation through the butanoate metabolic pathway.	C4H10O, Isobutanol, 2-Butanol		None	None	None	1836.77	1832.43	1535.11	1982.95	1502.79	1885.71	1400.11	1433.82	1765.02	1982.23	1793.72	1881.11	1726.97	1492.22	1803.84	1883.83	2156.85	1578.95	1810.01	1766.19	1612.93	1548.78	1417.19	1879.1	1606.22	1712.87	1810.15	1762.9	1717.8	1752.76	1526.53	1687.44	2550.67	1483.53	1813.97	2089.05	2174.48	2401.54	2161.9	
74.02469911_MZ	Glycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycine is a simple, nonessential amino acid, although experimental animals show reduced growth on low-glycine diets. The average adult ingests 3 to 5 grams of glycine daily. Glycine is involved in the body's production of DNA, phospholipids and collagen, and in release of energy. Glycine levels are effectively measured in plasma in both normal patients and those with inborn errors of glycine metabolism. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) Nonketotic hyperglycinaemia (OMIM 606899) is an autosomal recessive condition caused by deficient enzyme activity of the glycine cleavage enzyme system (EC 2.1.1.10). The glycine cleavage enzyme system comprises four proteins: P-, T-, H- and L-proteins (EC 1.4.4.2, EC 2.1.2.10 and EC 1.8.1.4 for P-, T- and L-proteins). Mutations have been described in the GLDC (OMIM 238300), AMT (OMIM 238310), and GCSH (OMIM 238330) genes encoding the P-, T-, and H-proteins respectively. The glycine cleavage system catalyses the oxidative conversion of glycine into carbon dioxide and ammonia, with the remaining one-carbon unit transferred to folate as methylenetetrahydrofolate. It is the main catabolic pathway for glycine and it also contributes to one-carbon metabolism. Patients with a deficiency of this enzyme system have increased glycine in plasma, urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with an increased CSF: plasma glycine ratio. (PMID 16151895).	C2H5NO2		None	None	None	111269.0	71735.9	58530.8	61868.2	60665.0	82252.0	76819.7	88526.9	45751.8	33726.4	50388.5	33470.3	58517.1	38722.6	113663.0	89657.3	55806.3	68235.9	105700.0	23889.3	56018.8	69578.5	56212.2	56432.3	39968.2	82005.5	89689.0	45973.1	62252.9	91695.1	74899.7	83504.7	39433.8	30081.6	46217.3	40883.3	71340.0	54451.6	33788.9	
75.00881472_MZ	Glycolic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycolic acid (or hydroxyacetic acid) is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). In its pure form, glycolic acid is a colorless crystalline solid. Due to its excellent capability to penetrate skin, glycolic acid finds applications in skin care products, most often as a chemical peel. Glycolic acid is also used for tattoo removal.	C2H4O3		None	None	None	10711.1	12475.1	11917.4	14397.3	9973.36	13579.5	8947.05	10466.9	11180.6	13180.2	12480.8	13757.4	13976.2	12906.7	8191.13	10275.4	9477.43	10104.7	10563.2	13852.3	11529.9	11487.3	9926.64	11483.6	13216.9	9218.25	9265.3	12730.0	16229.3	9577.9	8891.5	9502.88	9469.45	13782.5	12141.0	15563.7	11808.9	9667.96	12883.5	
75.04456014_MZ	(S)-Propane-1,2-diol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(S)-Propane-1,2-diol is a clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.	C3H8O2		None	None	None	2439.97	2802.26	1629.7	2317.63	2025.06	1921.12	1760.87	1724.09	2221.41	2234.16	1729.54	1942.23	2090.94	2127.96	2153.66	1511.09	2386.24	2217.07	2066.76	2293.62	2131.49	2116.53	2043.45	2324.09	2252.76	2042.98	2075.29	2573.18	2082.34	2010.23	1876.1	2263.58	2022.38	2476.49	1737.08	2026.08	2089.2	2122.93	2099.24	
77.00754023_MZ	Dimethyl sulfoxide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a key dipolar aprotic solvent. It is less toxic than other members of this class: dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, HMPA. Dimethyl sulfoxide is the chemical compound (CH3)2SO. This colorless liquid is an important dipolar aprotic solvent. It is readily miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as water. It has a distinctive property of penetrating the skin very readily, allowing the handler to taste it. Some describe it as an oyster-like taste, others claim it tastes like garlic. DMSO is also employed as a rinsing agent in the electronics industry and, in its deuterated form (DMSO-d6), is a useful solvent in NMR due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of chemical compounds and its minimal interference with the sample signals. In cryobiology DMSO has been used as a cryoprotectant and is still an important constituent of cryoprotectant vitrification mixtures used to preserve organs, tissues, and cell suspensions. It is particularly important in the freezing and long-term storage of embryonic stem cells and hematopoietic stem cell, which are often frozen in a mixture of 10% DMSO and 90% fetal calf serum. As part of an autologous bone marrow transplant the DMSO is re-infused along with the patient's own hematopoietic stem cell. Dimethyl sulfoxide is a by-product of wood pulping. One of the leading suppliers of DMSO is the Gaylord company in the USA. DMSO is frequently used as solvent in a number of chemical reactions. In particular it is an excellent reaction solvent for SN2 alkylations: it is possible to alkylate indoles with very high yields using potassium hydroxide as the base and a similar reaction also occurs with phenols. DMSO can be reacted with methyl iodide to form a sulfoxonium ion which can be reacted with sodium hydride to form a sulfur ylide. The methyl groups of DMSO are somewhat acidic in character (pKa=35) due to the stabilization of the resultant anions by the sulfoxide group.	C2H6OS		None	None	None	3129.75	2570.32	2672.29	3130.43	2297.3	3035.84	2293.88	2657.11	2484.27	2409.59	3033.73	2516.52	2590.48	2718.6	2238.04	2682.18	2524.72	2473.95	2341.46	2533.89	3026.63	2740.93	2407.5	2297.95	2915.91	2693.98	2737.21	2827.37	2857.36	2515.28	2023.35	2715.36	2820.56	3042.58	2868.23	3043.56	3138.79	3477.94	2537.19	
77.03962129_MZ	Benzene	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Benzene is a toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon biproduct of coal distillation. Chronic benzene exposure produces hematotoxicity, bone marrow dysplasia (Displasia is a pre-neoplastic or pre-cancerous change). (PMID 16183116). It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.	C6H6		None	None	None	5999.2	6227.22	7696.42	4751.89	4449.1	6927.06	7617.84	7908.07	4281.12	4412.87	3861.01	2238.79	5347.77	6789.97	4483.6	8098.76	6472.74	6844.98	4226.63	2331.02	3695.37	7715.04	4379.8	6871.08	2298.02	6007.9	7965.95	2250.33	5481.61	8583.94	4490.92	6393.31	3789.49	1971.69	4351.46	2445.3	6232.4	4153.27	1633.03	
78.03521821_MZ	Pyridine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyridine is a clear liquid with an odor that is sour, putrid, and fish-like. It is a relatively simple heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that is structurally related to benzene, with one CH group in the six-membered ring replaced by a nitrogen atom. Pyridine is obtained from crude coal tar or is synthesized from acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and ammonia. Pyridine is often used as a denaturant for antifreeze mixtures, for ethyl alcohol, for fungicides, and as a dyeing aid for textiles. It is a harmful substance if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through the skin. In particular, it is known to reduce male fertility and is considered carcinogenic. Common symptoms of acute exposure to pyridine include: headache, coughing, asthmatic breathing, laryngitis, nausea and vomiting. -- Wikipedia.	C5H5N		None	None	None	856.834	488.525	619.488	664.642	760.686	773.413	796.266	541.146	549.534	903.103	1085.52	731.765	850.827	558.942	540.728	635.136	603.806	587.196	637.307	618.87	531.055	684.56	582.641	648.843	706.988	573.096	810.633	619.585	1018.82	652.896	662.128	811.278	684.721	535.309	791.169	564.563	705.184	781.98	802.869	
83.05001724_MZ	3-Methyl-2-butenal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Methyl-2-butenal is derivative of acrolein that is an alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyl metabolite. It can be formed endogenously during lipid peroxidation or after oxidative stress, and is considered to play an important role in human carcinogenesis. The endogenously formed acroleins are a constant source of DNA damage, can lead to mutation and can also induce tumors in humans. (PMID: 8319634). 3-methyl-2-butenal, which is an unsaturated aldehyde bearing substitution at the alkene terminus, is a poor inactivator of the enzymes protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). The inactivation of PTPs can yield profound biological consequences arising from the disruption of cellular signaling pathways (PMID: 17655273).	C5H8O, Methyl propenyl ketone		None	None	None	3437.32	3546.84	4914.55	4001.12	3310.23	3579.17	3470.63	3640.98	3655.17	3307.83	4260.83	2758.61	3628.79	3865.09	2550.22	2424.8	3059.01	3849.9	2906.82	3265.35	3274.23	3379.1	3365.77	3773.95	3069.63	3217.59	3056.33	2543.27	4042.96	2332.13	2562.55	3066.68	3246.24	3256.25	3493.18	2953.8	3220.92	3615.37	3141.84	
84.04546797_MZ	2-Pyrrolidinone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Pyrrolidinone is a lactam cyclization product of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). (PMID 10332870). Vigabatrin (VGB, an antiepileptic drug) increases human brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the related metabolites, including 2-pyrrolidinone. Patients taking VGB are expected to have an increase of these metabolites. (PMID 10403220, 10840398). 2-Pyrrolidone is an organic compound consisting of a five-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid which is used in industrial settings as a high-boiling non-corrosive polar solvent for a wide variety of applications. It is miscible with a wide variety of other solvents including water, ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and carbon disulfide. -- Wikipedia.	C4H7NO		None	None	None	5707.62	4632.83	4741.04	5100.16	4936.09	4966.47	4962.34	6340.75	4847.71	4192.87	5994.35	5486.92	4991.77	5088.62	5319.74	6621.54	5465.27	4865.18	5998.49	4480.56	4763.07	5460.46	4685.97	5363.98	5784.21	4783.23	5879.52	4799.49	4827.78	5664.35	4955.19	5664.38	4495.94	5059.07	5010.95	6237.2	6191.87	4381.74	4923.36	
85.02952458_MZ	Diacetyl	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diacetyl is a natural by-product of secondary or malolactic fermentation. It is a vicinal diketone (two C=O groups, side-by-side) with the molecular formula C4H6O2. Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods. Beer sometimes undergoes a diacetyl rest, which entails waiting two or three days after fermentation is complete, to allow the yeast to absorb the diacetyl it produced earlier in the fermentation cycle. The makers of some wines, such as chardonnay, deliberately promote the production of diacetyl because of the feel and flavors it imparts.	C4H6O2, But-2-enoic acid, Oxolan-3-one		None	None	None	57293.6	46854.5	54691.4	45463.5	55741.6	80924.8	54700.2	46372.1	55728.8	62377.5	59354.7	63138.4	57551.4	59848.9	42712.2	67735.3	64875.0	55473.8	61998.8	51744.6	55979.9	45880.2	44758.5	61850.4	56657.4	49215.2	65149.4	57784.5	62725.6	47174.3	48164.8	49557.6	38966.3	59416.9	60038.6	68565.5	62305.0	52044.5	52083.6	
85.06578237_MZ	Iso-Valeraldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	iso-Valeraldehyde is an oxygenated (aldehyde) volatile organic compounds (VOC), normally found in humans, particularly in the gut. iso-Valeraldehyde is a leucine degradation product that has been found in elevated concentrations in some cases of hepatic encephalopathy, however not significantly. Fermentation of carbohydrates in the gut produces ethanoic, propionic, butanoic, pentanoic, and hexanoic acid acids, particularly by Bacteroides, although it is possible that some of the iso-Valeraldehyde is of dietetic origin. iso-Valeraldehyde has been found to be a normal component of the chemical profile of cheddar cheese, spirits (beer, rum, sake, wine). (PMID: 17314143, 18275147, 18175918, 16899660).	C5H10O		None	None	None	1153.75	1083.92	1399.73	1367.34	1112.66	1088.89	1143.21	1362.76	1214.29	1103.71	1097.36	1020.1	1004.45	1201.88	1031.41	828.681	904.265	940.903	960.027	1104.19	1168.36	1355.07	1107.76	1112.56	905.895	1030.82	1022.89	1038.21	1371.59	968.167	833.535	1085.11	1066.34	801.216	1125.77	987.213	1020.59	1100.68	1385.7	
86.02489067_MZ	2-Aminoacrylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dehydroalanine (or (alpha)-(beta)-di-dehydroalanine) is an uncommon amino acid found in peptides of microbial origin (an unsaturated amino acid).	C3H5NO2		None	None	None	9594.27	7448.54	6581.66	6588.06	5868.33	7678.34	7984.3	7479.15	5718.37	5567.69	6410.19	5673.98	7131.33	5543.34	8834.97	8145.75	6875.75	8553.51	10226.2	4116.64	6446.22	6867.04	6243.16	6334.23	5018.87	7668.74	8654.07	7395.08	5135.79	9291.2	7143.32	8513.8	7694.59	6114.48	6728.64	5788.38	7574.25	6781.91	5712.96	
87.00865528_MZ	Pyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyruvic acid is an intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed.) Biological Source: Intermediate in primary metabolism including fermentation processes. Present in muscle in redox equilibrium with Lactic acid. A common constituent, as a chiral cyclic acetal linked to saccharide residues, of bacterial polysaccharides. Isolated from cane sugar fermentation broth and peppermint. Constituent of Bauhinia purpurea, Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Delonix regia, Pisum sativum (pea) and Trigonella caerulea (sweet trefoil) Use/Importance: Reagent for regeneration of carbonyl compdounds from semicarbazones, phenylhydrazones and oximes. Flavoring ingredient (Dictionary of Organic Compounds).	C3H4O3, Malonic semialdehyde		None	None	None	259134.0	360359.0	293391.0	400070.0	290026.0	251792.0	253984.0	302452.0	251598.0	202379.0	241593.0	242989.0	265685.0	299128.0	291113.0	247461.0	307412.0	315173.0	280651.0	180657.0	266748.0	307137.0	345284.0	298127.0	331380.0	383348.0	285511.0	274579.0	194724.0	250043.0	461704.0	322087.0	226910.0	269148.0	320203.0	253271.0	275808.0	233319.0	200655.0	
87.04518183_MZ	Butyric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Butyric acid, a four-carbon fatty acid, is formed in the human colon by bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates (including dietary fiber), and putatively suppresses colorectal cancer (CRC). Butyrate has diverse and apparently paradoxical effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation that may be either pro-neoplastic or anti-neoplastic, depending upon factors such as the level of exposure, availability of other metabolic substrate and the intracellular milieu. In humans, the relationship between luminal butyrate exposure and CRC has been examined only indirectly in case-control studies, by measuring fecal butyrate concentrations, although this may not accurately reflect effective butyrate exposure during carcinogenesis. Perhaps not surprisingly, results of these investigations have been mutually contradictory. The direct effect of butyrate on tumorigenesis has been assessed in a no. of in vivo animal models, which have also yielded conflicting results. In part, this may be explained by methodology: differences in the amount and route of butyrate administration, which are likely to significantly influence delivery of butyrate to the distal colon. (PMID: 16460475) Butyric acid is a carboxylic acid found in rancid butter, parmesan cheese, and vomit, and has an unpleasant odor and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). Butyric acid is a fatty acid occurring in the form of esters in animal fats and plant oils. Interestingly, low-molecular-weight esters of butyric acid, such as methyl butyrate, have mostly pleasant aromas or tastes. As a consequence, they find use as food and perfume additives. Butyrate is produced as end-product of a fermentation process solely performed by obligate anaerobic bacteria.	C4H8O2, Isobutyric acid		None	None	None	7916.19	8472.35	10114.7	8425.21	7019.32	6737.08	7293.74	7943.65	5983.53	6911.62	6822.95	6772.12	13587.3	7941.51	6746.2	7482.83	6561.31	7561.79	7375.06	5067.27	5821.96	7494.78	6050.3	8020.27	5596.24	6322.77	6303.75	5993.65	6598.19	5798.67	6840.91	7626.34	5995.35	6782.18	6272.82	6516.45	7269.97	5989.25	5832.02	
88.04051410_MZ	L-Alanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alanine is a nonessential amino acid made in the body from the conversion of the carbohydrate pyruvate or the breakdown of DNA and the dipeptides carnosine and anserine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and is one of the most important amino acids released by muscle, functioning as a major energy source. Plasma alanine is often decreased when the BCAA (Branched Chain Amino Acids) are deficient. This finding may relate to muscle metabolism. Alanine is highly concentrated in meat products and other high-protein foods like wheat germ and cottage cheese. Alanine is an important participant as well as regulator in glucose metabolism. Alanine levels parallel blood sugar levels in both diabetes and hypoglycemia, and alanine reduces both severe hypoglycemia and the ketosis of diabetes. It is an important amino acid for lymphocyte reproduction and immunity. Alanine therapy has helped dissolve kidney stones in experimental animals. Normal alanine metabolism, like that of other amino acids, is highly dependent upon enzymes that contain vitamin B6. Alanine, like GABA, taurine and glycine, is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/).	C3H7NO2, Beta-Alanine, Sarcosine		None	None	None	309257.0	518495.0	188656.0	124852.0	402532.0	480409.0	308946.0	401286.0	243434.0	202759.0	366743.0	325687.0	401994.0	505274.0	481911.0	325674.0	310813.0	354485.0	380242.0	317588.0	435919.0	339496.0	239375.0	432978.0	292135.0	325780.0	291819.0	561976.0	521949.0	476699.0	312691.0	225772.0	232424.0	203139.0	227406.0	356239.0	294595.0	181972.0	420985.0	
88.98799573_MZ	Oxalic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent. -- Pubchem; Oxalic acid (IUPAC name: ethanedioic acid, formula H2C2O4) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)-(COOH). Because of the joining of two carboxyl groups, this is one of the strongest organic acids. It is also a reducing agent. The anions of oxalic acid as well as its salts and esters are known as oxalates. -- Wikipedia; Bodily oxalic acid may also be synthesized via the metabolism of either glyoxylic acid or unused ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is a serious health consideration for long term megadosers of vitamin C supplements. 80% of kidney stones are formed from calcium oxalate. Some Aspergillus species produce oxalic acid, which reacts with blood or tissue calcium to precipitate calcium oxalate. There is some preliminary evidence that the administration of probiotics can affect oxalic acid excretion rates (and presumably oxalic acid levels as well.) -- Wikipedia.	C2H2O4		None	None	None	2651.9	2163.89	3247.96	2665.48	2515.89	2522.28	2856.52	4017.58	2606.8	2723.29	2546.54	2181.32	2775.36	2564.3	1790.75	1428.49	2113.17	2685.39	2756.18	3180.79	2963.84	2989.77	3197.53	3714.59	3683.84	2188.56	1788.65	2397.01	3863.43	2495.85	970.265	1901.88	3198.05	2206.38	2568.19	2518.64	2700.6	3060.0	3485.8	
89.02459351_MZ	L-Lactic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lactic acid plays a role in several biochemical processes and is produced in the muscles during intense activity. Lactate measurement in the critically ill has been traditionally used to stratify patients with poor outcome. However, plasma lactate levels are the result of a finely tuned interplay of factors that affect the balance between its production and its clearance. When the oxygen supply does not match its consumption, organisms such as man who are forced to produce ATP for their integrity adapt in many different ways up to the point when energy failure occurs. Lactate, being part of the adaptive response, may then be used to assess the severity of the supply/demand imbalance. In such a scenario, the time to intervention becomes relevant: early and effective treatment may allow the cell to revert to a normal state, as long as the oxygen machinery (i.e. mitochondria) is intact. Conversely, once the mitochondria are deranged, energy failure occurs even in the presence of normoxia. The lactate increase in critically ill patients may therefore be viewed as an early marker of a potentially reversible state. (PMID 16356243) A number of studies have demonstrated that malignant transformation is associated with an increase in glycolytic flux and in anaerobic and aerobic cellular lactate excretion. Using quantitative bioluminescence imaging in various primary carcinomas in patients (uterine cervix, head and neck, colorectal region) at first diagnosis of the disease, lactate concentrations in tumors in vivo could be relatively low or extremely high (up to 40 micromol/g) in different individual tumors or within the same lesion. In all tumor entities investigated, high molar concentrations of lactate were correlated with a high incidence of distant metastasis already in an early stage of the disease. Low lactate tumors (< median of approximately 8 micromol/g) were associated with both a longer overall and disease free survival compared to high lactate lesions (lactate > approximately 8 micromol/g). Lactate dehydrogenase was found to be upregulated in most of these tumors compared to surrounding normal tissue. (PMID 15279558).	C3H6O3, Hydroxypropionic acid, Glyceraldehyde, Dihydroxyacetone		None	None	None	1472270.0	1395320.0	1075110.0	994047.0	1520740.0	3000150.0	1350900.0	1488640.0	1471210.0	1449890.0	1596930.0	2113290.0	1602110.0	1424730.0	1924490.0	2141990.0	1653290.0	1634670.0	1800950.0	1377200.0	1842630.0	1267500.0	933189.0	1633330.0	2036370.0	1237360.0	1855260.0	2003730.0	2138500.0	1776660.0	2013640.0	1276010.0	792430.0	1774260.0	1526000.0	1423480.0	2004000.0	1179540.0	1311840.0	
92.05059939_MZ	Aniline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Aniline is an organic chemical compound, specifically a primary aromatic amine. It consists of a benzene ring attached to an amino group. Aniline is oily and, although colorless, it can be slowly oxidized and resinified in air to form impurities which can give it a red-brown tint. Its boiling point is 184 degree centigrade and its melting point is -6 degree centegrade. It is a liquid at room temperature. Like most volatile amines, it possesses a somewhat unpleasant odour of rotten fish, and also has a burning aromatic taste; it is a highly acrid poison. It ignites readily, burning with a large smoky flame. Aniline reacts with strong acids to form salts containing the anilinium (or phenylammonium) ion (C6H5-NH3+), and reacts with acyl halides (such as acetyl chloride (ethanoyl chloride), CH3COCl) to form amides. The amides formed from aniline are sometimes called anilides, for example CH3-CO-NH-C6H5 is acetanilide, for which the modern name is N-phenyl ethanamide. Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly reactive in electrophilic substitution reactions. For example, sulfonation of aniline produces sulfanilic acid, which can be converted to sulfanilamide. Sulfanilamide is one of the sulfa drugs which were widely used as antibacterial in the early 20th century. Aniline was first isolated from the destructive distillation of indigo in 1826 by Otto Unverdorben. In 1834, Friedrich Runge isolated from coal tar a substance which produced a beautiful blue color on treatment with chloride of lime; this he named kyanol or cyanol. In 1841, C. J. Fritzsche showed that by treating indigo with caustic potash it yielded an oil, which he named aniline, from the specific name of one of the indigo-yielding plants, Indigofera anil, anil being derived from the Sanskrit, dark-blue.	C6H7N		None	None	None	4119.78	4628.17	4277.27	4008.13	4084.1	3743.11	4539.56	4943.65	3869.81	4345.13	4356.1	4562.7	4608.28	4398.74	4163.29	4490.52	4140.23	4181.77	4319.92	4512.44	4131.83	5101.26	4391.06	4316.18	3624.24	4295.25	4621.01	3811.4	4416.58	4078.67	3610.03	4077.33	3945.0	3708.18	4181.01	3857.15	4398.45	4475.95	3599.97	
92.98445263_MZ	Dimethyldisulfide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dimethyldisulfide is a volatile organic compound. Methyl disulfide is occasionally found as a volatile component of normal human breath and biofluids. Dimethyldisulfide is one of the representative volatile components found in oral malodor. Dimethyldisulfide concentrations in breath is a practical noninvasive way to assess recent exposure to sulfur compounds in sulfate pulp mills, and therefore it should be applicable to workplaces contaminated. (PMID: 5556886, 14691119, 11236158, 8481097).	C2H6S2		None	None	None	1286.66	8216.21	2341.62	1111.5	644.057	3803.87	1259.22	1136.21	1283.17	797.641	1408.78	2338.62	970.079	729.987	4481.85	2399.6	1881.62	1403.36	2813.52	1723.43	2343.92	1684.69	2774.1	1456.05	1196.25	2319.76	1286.49	1249.95	3731.8	3108.4	3349.4	1453.12	2831.48	1572.09	3979.63	1914.78	1317.4	2096.05	1858.96	
93.03490045_MZ	Phenol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenol, is a toxic, colourless crystalline solid with a sweet tarry odor that resembles a hospital smell. It is commonly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some fungi and viruses, but is only slowly effective against spores. It has been used to disinfect skin and to relieve itching. Phenol is also used in the preparation of cosmetics including sunscreens, hair dyes, and skin lightening preparations. It is also used in the production of drugs (it is the starting material in the industrial production of aspirin), weedkillers, and synthetic resins. Phenol can be found in areas with high levels of motor traffic, therefore, people living in crowded urban areas are frequently exposed to traffic-derived phenol vapor. The average (mean +/- SD) phenol concentration in urine among normal individuals living in urban areas is 7.4 +/- 2.2 mg/g of creatinine. Exposure of the skin to concentrated phenol solutions causes chemical burns which may be severe; in laboratories where it is used, it is usually recommended that polyethylene glycol solution is kept available for washing off splashes. Notwithstanding the effects of concentrated solutions, it is also used in cosmetic surgery as an exfoliant, to remove layers of dead skin (Wikipedia). In some bacteria phenol can be directly synthesized from tyrosine via the enzyme tyrosine phenol-lyase [EC:4.1.99.2].	C6H6O		None	None	None	38257.0	39262.7	42521.3	39407.6	35403.9	43569.4	44394.5	43615.1	45101.2	39732.6	47080.7	34583.8	38326.3	49333.6	31889.6	47065.4	44096.6	43825.6	36229.4	35411.3	37752.0	44473.3	40743.6	46173.6	33895.3	40035.4	41611.3	33587.2	41846.8	39828.2	34634.2	37628.7	36260.8	29334.5	33205.3	35372.7	46232.6	35674.1	35672.6	
96.96953796_MZ	Phosphoric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid, is a mineral acid with the chemical formula H3PO4. Alternatively, orthophosphoric acid molecules can combine with themselves to form a variety of compounds referred to as phosphoric acids in a more general way. For a discussion of these, see Phosphoric acids and Phosphates. Appears to exist only as a food additive and produced synthetically. --Wikipedia.	H3O4P		None	None	None	531994.0	603058.0	665225.0	577002.0	647946.0	703449.0	598252.0	576977.0	711944.0	583225.0	516861.0	573850.0	616514.0	714401.0	517601.0	610267.0	725636.0	630300.0	573623.0	552326.0	616347.0	503366.0	702406.0	616037.0	526916.0	703042.0	627251.0	572749.0	666748.0	615689.0	551625.0	560406.0	468925.0	513248.0	667371.0	663011.0	596070.0	651867.0	521487.0	
97.06560871_MZ	Cyclohexanone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cyclohexanone is a colorless oily liquid with an odor resembling acetone and peppermint. Cyclohexanone is occasionally found as a volatile component of human urine. Biological fluids such as blood and urine have been shown to contain a large number of components, some of them volatiles (low boiling point) apparently present in all individuals, while others such are much more variable. In some cases differences up to an order of magnitude are observed. Although some of these changes may have dietary origins, others seem to be characteristic of the individual. Cyclohexanone is obtained through oxidation of cyclohexane or dehydrogenation of phenol. Approx. 95% of its manufacturing is used for the production of nylon. Information on toxicity to human beings is fragmentary. Acute exposure is characterized by irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. In two persons, drowsiness and renal impairment were found; however, these workers were also exposed to other compounds. Hepatic disorders were found in a group of workers exposed for over five years. In animals, cyclohexanone is characterized by relatively low acute toxicity (DL50 by intragastric administration is approximately 2 g/kg body wt.). Effects on the central nervous system (CNS) were found (narcosis), as well as irritation of the eyes and skin. Following multiple administration, effects were found in the CNS, liver, and kidneys as well as irritation of the conjunctiva. Mutagenic and genotoxic effects were found, but no teratogenic effects were detected; however, there were embryotoxic effects and influence on reproduction Cyclohexanone is well absorbed through the skin, respiratory tract, and alimentary tract. The main metabolic pathway leads to cyclohexanol, which is excreted in urine coupled with glucuronic acid. A high correlation was found between the concentration of cyclohexanone in the working environment and its concentration in urine. Cyclohexanone is formed from the hydrocarbons cyclohexane and 1-, 2-, and 3-hexanol. A patient's case report documents the development of anosmia (an olfactory disorder) and rhinitis caused by occupational exposure to organic solvents, including cyclohexanone (PMID: 10476412, 16925936, 16477465).	C6H10O		None	None	None	11168.8	11660.6	20459.1	10160.2	13808.9	13547.8	13506.9	17035.7	10295.1	10545.3	12247.5	7983.84	11549.6	16422.1	10751.8	12477.8	12357.2	18148.2	9623.09	8964.66	13953.1	15563.7	10305.9	14458.2	8854.07	12318.6	11529.2	8769.76	12997.9	9903.53	9019.74	13065.3	11278.3	9048.91	9627.93	8177.49	11103.6	10503.3	9848.55	
98.00694510_MZ	Allyl isothiocyanate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Allyl isothiocyanate is a volatile organic compound. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a constituent of mustard, horseradish and wasabi and certain vegetables found in the human diet, mostly in cruciferous vegetables. AITC is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is slightly soluble in water, but well soluble in most organic solvents. AITC possesses numerous biochemical and physiological activities. It is cytotoxic and tumorigenic at high doses and also is a modulator of enzymes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics, including carcinogens. It is plausible that the wide consumption of dietary AITC may have profound effects on human health. oxidative DNA damage may play important roles in carcinogenic processes induced by AITC. Allergic contact dermatitis from AICT is well known but infrequently reported. AITC is occasionally found as a volatile component of normal human biofluids. (PMID: 5556886, 8222057, 8000299, 10754276, 15373848).	C4H5NS		None	None	None	6578.17	5797.92	7222.29	7264.53	6176.57	6112.75	7476.46	8714.94	9150.09	6119.76	5397.9	6113.67	7398.51	5340.71	7070.01	7396.09	11121.7	6541.62	5862.73	6798.24	9430.85	7871.89	19216.3	23522.1	6947.79	33169.8	7431.99	6309.24	6555.3	7205.54	8328.13	6501.99	6420.69	8265.58	9434.34	6572.31	6528.7	8850.74	7424.18	
99.08230253_MZ	4-Methylpentanal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Methylpentanal is an intermediate in the metabolism of C21-Steroid hormone. It is a substrate for Cytochrome P450 11A1 (mitochondrial).	C6H12O, Hexanal, 3-Hexanone, Methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-Oxohexane, Ethyl isopropyl ketone		None	None	None	4662.21	6270.51	6555.94	5668.5	7713.45	9901.89	6226.88	5339.54	6956.48	7274.15	11235.2	8136.65	6567.86	8229.75	5484.61	4902.32	5541.34	4468.96	4857.55	6915.73	8240.52	5993.14	5434.36	6625.57	6844.69	6336.04	4874.22	6174.42	8038.87	4617.57	5266.11	4715.92	6014.21	7641.03	5257.72	6933.77	6190.49	6390.82	10002.0	
100.0767784_MZ	5-Aminopentanal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The aminoaldehydes 5-aminopentanal, derived from the oxidation of the diamines putrescine and cadaverine,is produced utilizing a copper amine oxidase (CAO) from Euphorbia characias latex and tested with in vitro cultivation of Leishmania infantum promastigotes.Whereas the aminoaldehydes derived from the oxidation of the diamines were stimulating factors for growth of Leishmania infantum promastigotes, the aldehydes derived from polyamines oxidation had a drastic inhibitory effect on the vitality and growth of these parasites. Thus, a double scenario arises, showing the use of aldehydes from diamines to obtain a large number of organisms of Leishmania infantum promastigotes to use in serological studies, whereas the aldehydes derived from polyamines could be used as a new strategy for therapeutic treatment against these parasites.	C5H11NO		None	None	None	5155.23	5617.05	4829.71	3958.2	5075.07	4294.8	4336.74	3085.19	5255.43	4813.27	2713.69	2545.44	7502.0	5462.4	6284.32	7748.88	3305.71	3884.87	2703.7	3383.65	4663.23	2949.12	7280.7	4763.34	1827.45	4008.44	3624.34	5812.11	4821.7	3572.14	6102.3	2530.55	3060.04	2280.82	3017.38	4111.79	4547.17	2901.82	3072.3	
101.0245480_MZ	Acetoacetic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetoacetic acid is a weak organic acid and can be produced in the human liver under certain conditions of poor metabolism leading to excessive fatty acid breakdown (diabetes mellitus leading to diabetic ketoacidosis), it is then partially converted to acetone by decarboxylation and excreted either in urine or through respiration. Persistent mild hyperketonemia is a common finding in newborns. These compounds serve as an indispensable source of energy for extrahepatic tissues, especially the brain and lung of developing rats. Another important function of ketone bodies is to provide acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA for synthesis of cholesterol, fatty acids, and complex lipids. During the early postnatal period, acetoacetate (AcAc) and beta-hydroxybutyrate are preferred over glucose as substrates for synthesis of phospholipids and sphingolipids in accord with requirements for brain growth and myelination. Thus, during the first 2 wk of postnatal development, when the accumulation of cholesterol and phospholipids accelerates, the proportion of ketone bodies incorporated into these lipids increases. On the other hand, an increased proportion of ketone bodies are utilized for cerebroside synthesis during the period of active myelination. In the lung, AcAc serves better than glucose as a precursor for the synthesis of lung phospholipids. The synthesized lipids, particularly dipalmityl phosphatidylcholine, are incorporated into surfactant, and thus have a potential role in supplying adequate surfactant lipids to maintain lung function during the early days of life. (PMID 3884391) The acid is also present in the metabolism of those undergoing starvation or prolonged physical exertion as part of gluconeogenesis. When ketone bodies are measured by way of urine concentration, acetoacetic acid, along with beta-hydroxybutyric acid or acetone, is what is detected.	C4H6O3, 2-Ketobutyric acid, Acetoacetic acid, 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid, Succinic acid semialdehyde, (S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde, 4-Hydroxycrotonic acid		None	None	None	107025.0	98181.5	106974.0	103288.0	104452.0	140407.0	104728.0	92313.1	112952.0	121653.0	121518.0	118466.0	112260.0	122559.0	92309.1	111145.0	121936.0	109776.0	113901.0	108622.0	114206.0	96857.3	95428.3	125059.0	110441.0	109231.0	117427.0	117938.0	125057.0	98862.5	100275.0	102130.0	97411.2	111847.0	114430.0	149129.0	124321.0	105750.0	105430.0	
101.0608791_MZ	Valeric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C5H10O2, Isovaleric acid		None	None	None	14512.7	15799.9	15024.0	14328.6	10483.8	12742.2	11802.9	16041.2	10782.5	12823.5	12129.7	12368.1	15298.9	13770.1	11674.9	15467.9	11427.4	13131.1	12465.0	11202.4	12189.7	17261.8	9998.25	15065.0	9270.99	11799.7	12503.8	11184.2	14458.8	11357.5	10768.2	11719.0	11459.6	11725.4	11818.0	12247.6	14199.9	10550.6	11878.2	
102.0196529_MZ	3-Oxoalanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Human lysosomal arylsulfate A (ASA) is a member of the sulfatase family which requires the posttranslational oxidation of thiol group of a cysteine that is conserved among all eukaryotic sulfatases, yielding 2-formylglycine. (PMID: 9521684).	C3H5NO3, Pyruvatoxime		None	None	None	1625.57	1461.44	1205.37	1743.38	2042.53	1769.93	1427.93	1456.88	1258.4	1426.55	1478.11	1100.1	1549.14	2008.89	1653.98	1524.1	1632.61	1282.53	1125.66	1129.5	1416.9	1622.5	1363.09	1914.59	1166.28	1398.25	1159.94	1137.15	1535.87	1257.77	2283.16	1276.36	1525.02	1273.9	1093.41	1273.14	1664.29	1405.43	1235.71	
102.0468342_MZ	5-Aminoimidazole	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Because of its ability to mimic a low energy status of the cell, the cell-permeable nucleoside 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA) riboside was proposed as an antineoplastic agent switching off major energy-consuming processes associated with the malignant phenotype (lipid production, DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, etc.). Key to the antineoplastic action of AICA riboside is its conversion to ZMP, an AMP mimetic that at high concentrations activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (PMID: 16985054).	C3H5N3		None	None	None	356.548	317.064	420.506	293.945	407.098	476.047	465.316	348.333	414.641	431.294	398.772	460.982	403.373	465.137	393.254	399.958	324.031	257.375	384.796	391.095	445.935	370.525	399.442	527.279	321.899	336.032	391.235	469.713	377.326	382.109	436.144	309.73	401.892	259.965	279.576	588.929	424.82	354.493	385.393	
102.0559894_MZ	Dimethylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dimethylglycine (DMG) is an amino acid derivative found in the cells of all plants and animals and can be obtained in the diet in small amounts from grains and meat. The human body produces DMG when metabolizing choline into Glycine. Dimethylglycine that is not metabolized in the liver is transported by the circulatory system to body tissue. Dimethylglycine was popular with Russian athletes and cosmonauts owing to its reputed ability to increase endurance and reduce fatigue. DMG is also a byproduct of homocysteine metabolism. Homocysteine and betaine are converted to methionine and N, N-dimethylglycine by betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase.	C4H9NO2, Gamma-Aminobutyric acid, L-Alpha-aminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid, (S)-b-aminoisobutyric acid, (R)-b-aminoisobutyric acid, 3-Aminoisobutanoic acid		None	None	None	220145.0	213078.0	228959.0	168654.0	188184.0	133450.0	172236.0	288934.0	193716.0	145905.0	166567.0	154786.0	346584.0	223065.0	133951.0	194652.0	149108.0	173524.0	146600.0	207080.0	187891.0	198970.0	264065.0	216761.0	162025.0	174237.0	203007.0	201106.0	181041.0	208687.0	155431.0	214535.0	200202.0	215679.0	193081.0	242746.0	167564.0	221610.0	198562.0	
104.0353471_MZ	L-Serine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Serine is a nonessential amino acid derived from glycine. Like all the amino acid building blocks of protein and peptides, serine can become essential under certain conditions, and is thus important in maintaining health and preventing disease. Low-average concentration of serine compared to other amino acids is found in muscle. Serine is highly concentrated in all cell membranes. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) L-Serine may be derived from four possible sources: dietary intake; biosynthesis from the glycolytic intermediate 3-phosphoglycerate; from glycine ; and by protein and phospholipid degradation. Little data is available on the relative contributions of each of these four sources of l-serine to serine homoeostasis. It is very likely that the predominant source of l-serine will be very different in different tissues and during different stages of human development. In the biosynthetic pathway, the glycolytic intermediate 3-phosphoglycerate is converted into phosphohydroxypyruvate, in a reaction catalyzed by 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3- PGDH; EC 1.1.1.95). Phosphohydroxypyruvate is metabolized to phosphoserine by phosphohydroxypyruvate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.52) and, finally, phosphoserine is converted into l-serine by phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP; EC 3.1.3.3). In liver tissue, the serine biosynthetic pathway is regulated in response to dietary and hormonal changes. Of the three synthetic enzymes, the properties of 3-PGDH and PSP are the best documented. Hormonal factors such as glucagon and corticosteroids also influence 3-PGDH and PSP activities in interactions dependent upon the diet. L-serine plays a central role in cellular proliferation. L-Serine is the predominant source of one-carbon groups for the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides and deoxythymidine monophosphate. It has long been recognized that, in cell cultures, L-serine is a conditional essential amino acid, because it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities to meet the cellular demands for its utilization. In recent years, L-serine and the products of its metabolism have been recognized not only to be essential for cell proliferation, but also to be necessary for specific functions in the central nervous system. The findings of altered levels of serine and glycine in patients with psychiatric disorders and the severe neurological abnormalities in patients with defects of L-serine synthesis underscore the importance of L-serine in brain development and function. (PMID 12534373).	C3H7NO3		None	None	None	40624.6	35079.4	34813.6	26970.7	33197.2	44033.3	34606.6	47482.2	37214.2	31135.1	43198.2	43037.9	48392.7	47297.6	53855.5	30107.9	34428.1	48388.4	33899.5	26987.7	40023.1	47326.8	34738.7	51643.8	27495.3	44674.3	47418.0	52536.6	44026.0	35892.3	46998.7	29383.7	41763.3	20972.4	34427.4	63296.7	31679.3	29496.1	49838.8	
105.0201586_MZ	L-Glyceric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-glyceric acid is a human urinary metabolite present in patients with L-Glyceric aciduria. The formation of L-glyceric acid from accumulated hydroxypyruvate is due to deficiency of human glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR, EC 1.1.1.81), a D-2-hydroxy-acid dehydrogenase that plays a critical role in the removal of the metabolic by-product glyoxylate from within the liver. Deficiency of this enzyme is the underlying cause of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH2) and leads to increased urinary oxalate levels, formation of kidney stones and renal failure. (PMID: 16756993).	C3H6O4, Glyceric acid		None	None	None	6285.77	10766.2	5877.44	6467.09	5620.02	8863.42	5211.68	6574.99	16687.0	14792.7	6558.96	8651.17	17999.0	14193.0	6760.39	4929.49	5737.32	6404.06	5255.06	9432.62	6350.76	5373.03	6113.29	6581.68	6764.26	6407.55	5364.53	5876.85	9273.68	6926.61	6556.04	5679.19	4886.29	7586.99	7766.86	9888.53	7823.02	5568.15	7376.68	
105.0332333_MZ	Benzaldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Benzaldehyde is occasionally found as a volatile component of urine. Benzaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde used in cosmetics as a denaturant, a flavoring agent, and as a fragrance. Currently used in only seven cosmetic products, its highest reported concentration of use was 0.5% in perfumes. Benzaldehyde is a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) food additive in the United States and is accepted as a flavoring substance in the European Union. Because Benzaldehyde rapidly metabolizes to Benzoic Acid in the skin, the available dermal irritation and sensitization data demonstrating no adverse reactions to Benzoic Acid were considered supportive of the safety of Benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde is absorbed through skin and by the lungs, distributes to all well-perfused organs, but does not accumulate in any specific tissue type. After being metabolized to benzoic acid, conjugates are formed with glycine or glucuronic acid, and excreted in the urine. Several studies have suggested that Benzaldehyde can have carcinostatic or antitumor properties. Overall, at the concentrations used in cosmetics, Benzaldehyde was not considered a carcinogenic risk to humans. Although there are limited irritation and sensitization data available for Benzaldehyde, the available dermal irritation and sensitization data and ultraviolet (UV) absorption and phototoxicity data demonstrating no adverse reactions to Benzoic Acid support the safety of Benzaldehyde as currently used in cosmetic products. (PMID: 16835129, Int J Toxicol. 2006;25 Suppl 1:11-27.).	C7H6O		None	None	None	1669.64	1883.14	1507.31	1367.99	1487.4	2043.02	1683.37	1810.28	2770.81	2164.83	1804.84	1654.81	2599.72	2852.85	1781.28	1428.11	1666.77	1766.71	1315.82	1650.99	1440.5	1898.51	1296.15	1819.96	1266.34	1733.57	1690.49	1668.75	1837.88	1617.22	1551.65	1579.45	1199.27	1432.37	1299.95	1667.87	1645.52	1301.09	1581.04	
106.0662054_MZ	4-Aminobutyraldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Aminobutyraldehyde is a metabolite of putrescine. It is a substrate of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) cytoplasmic (E1) and mitochondrial (E2) isozymes (PMID 3324802).	C4H9NO		None	None	None	1027.73	959.376	1212.53	1083.77	1253.94	1002.13	1199.03	978.527	829.643	1152.47	1069.6	1368.2	894.319	1018.15	925.949	1254.1	935.261	1159.57	798.247	881.984	888.981	825.553	844.587	1074.58	1040.35	1128.12	1104.51	863.964	1009.83	1099.35	927.798	993.774	670.93	1222.19	806.112	1051.15	843.746	768.336	977.711	
107.0128098_MZ	Quinone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Quinone is also called 1,4-benzoquinone or cyclohexadienedione. Quinones are oxidized derivatives of aromatic compounds and are often readily made from reactive aromatic compounds with electron-donating substituents such as phenols and catechols, which increase the nucleophilicity of the ring and contributes to the large redox potential needed to break aromaticity. Derivatives of quinones are common constituents of biologically relevant molecules. Some serve as electron acceptors in electron transport chains such as those in photosynthesis (plastoquinone, phylloquinone), and aerobic respiration (ubiquinone). Quinone is a common constituent of biologically relevant molecules (e.g. Vitamin K1 is phylloquinone). A natural example of quinones as oxidizing agents is the spray of bombardier beetles. Hydroquinone is reacted with hydrogen peroxide to produce a fiery blast of steam, a strong deterent in the animal world.	C6H4O2, 1,2-Benzoquinone		None	None	None	1381.11	1311.44	1379.29	1351.57	1597.86	1773.93	1240.85	1009.8	1876.95	1692.11	1989.75	1862.91	1498.25	1628.87	1182.13	1242.64	1629.54	1324.82	1429.32	1699.97	1642.43	1097.46	1257.76	1620.13	1864.38	1235.97	1427.25	1865.18	1719.52	1179.74	1281.52	1331.38	1137.4	1750.32	1475.49	1835.3	1670.46	1254.47	1874.01	
107.0501507_MZ	p-Cresol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	p-Cresol (4-methylphenol), a 108.1 Da volatile low-molecular-weight compound, is a phenol. It is a partially lipophilic moiety which strongly binds to plasma protein (close to 100%) under normal conditions. p-Cresol is metabolized through conjugation, mainly sulphation and glucuronization, but removal of the unconjugated p-cresol is, at least in part, via the urine. Therefore it is not surprising that this compound, together with several other phenoles, is retained when the kidneys fail. P-Cresol is an end-product of protein breakdown, and an increase of the nutritional protein load in healthy individuals results in enhanced generation and urinary excretion. The serum p-cresol concentration in uremic patients can be decreased by changing to a low-protein diet. p-Cresol is one of the metabolites of the amino acid tyrosine, and to a certain extent also of phenylalanine, which are converted to 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by intestinal bacteria, before being decarboxylated to p-cresol (putrefaction). The main contributing bacteria are aerobes (mainly enterobacteria), but to a certain extent also anaerobes play a role (mainly Clostridium perfringens). In uremia, modifications in the intestinal flora result in the specific overgrowth of bacteria that are specific p-cresol producers. The administration of antibiotics reduces urinary excretion of p-cresol, as a result of the liquidation of the producing bacteria. Environmental factors might also contribute. The liver cytochrome P450 metabolizes toluene to benzyl alcohol, but also to o-cresol and p-cresol. Toluene is not only used industrially, but it is also the most widely abusively inhaled solvent. Furthermore, p-cresol is a metabolite of menthofuran, one of the metabolites of R-(+)-pulegone, which is found in extracts from the plants Mentha pulegium and Hedeoma pulegioides, commonly known as pennyroyal oil and pennyroyal tea. These extracts are popular as unconventional herbal therapeutic agents and are applied as abortiva, diaphoretics, emmenagogues, and psychedelic drugs. Pennyroyal oil is extensively used for its pleasant mint-like smell in the flavoring industry. The toxicity of pennyroyal oil and menthofuran is well known. Another compound used in traditional medicine, especially in Japan, which is a precursor of p-cresol is wood tar creosote. p-Cresol has been reported to affect several biochemical, biological and physiological functions: (i) it diminishes the oxygen uptake of rat cerebral cortex slices; (ii) it increases the free active drug concentration of warfarin and diazepam; (iii) it has been related to growth retardation in the weanling pig; (iv) it alters cell membrane permeability, at least in bacteria; (v) it induces LDH leakage from rat liver slices; (vi) it induces susceptibility to auditive epileptic crises; and (vii) it blocks cell K+ channels. (PMID: 10570076). p-Cresol is a uremic toxin that is at least partially removed by peritoneal dialysis in haemodialysis patients, and has been involved in the progression of renal failure. (MID: 11169029). At concentrations encountered during uremia, p-cresol inhibits phagocyte function and decreases leukocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells. (PMID: 14681860).	C7H8O, m-Cresol, o-Cresol, Benzyl alcohol		None	None	None	17193.5	18217.7	22520.3	16758.4	19951.3	21079.4	16421.3	16955.1	15142.6	16198.3	19490.9	19087.8	16341.3	23472.2	20254.0	15173.1	14174.1	17494.7	12744.9	14155.3	17318.3	16144.9	13137.3	19910.1	14316.5	17134.0	16342.0	17166.6	20336.2	17682.5	14202.7	13914.5	15912.0	15524.0	14893.6	18958.5	14596.6	15525.2	15208.7	
108.0123814_MZ	Hypotaurine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hypotaurine is a product of enzyme cysteamine dioxygenase [EC 1.13.11.19] in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism pathway (KEGG). It may function as an antioxidant and a protective agent under physiological conditions (PMID 14992269).	C2H7NO2S		None	None	None	9872.98	12464.3	1951.04	1503.6	2007.13	9626.66	4021.48	11468.1	3297.36	1670.87	5029.52	7056.0	4185.24	1103.06	11271.8	9632.42	1099.1	2161.87	5204.11	1573.49	3482.78	7302.09	5043.24	3174.47	1123.69	2681.46	3574.7	8016.95	12622.8	13046.7	7323.31	1832.25	4116.72	2505.44	2534.12	6421.85	5024.82	2468.35	4192.25	
108.0454972_MZ	4-Aminophenol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-aminophenol is considered a minor nephrotoxic metabolite of phenacetin and acetaminophen (paracetamol) in man. 4-Aminophenol can undergo autoxidations and metal-catalyzed and enzymatic oxidations in man to produce reactive oxygen species. (PMID 1713494).	C6H7NO		None	None	None	13277.8	13444.9	14089.0	13189.7	13237.9	14808.7	13663.5	13796.9	13810.1	13128.4	13409.5	14111.6	14048.4	14085.1	13451.8	14516.0	13695.9	13995.6	14209.9	13592.1	13024.2	13164.3	14117.6	13226.0	13622.3	13940.5	13523.5	13614.9	15263.7	13509.3	11951.8	13040.5	13863.7	13562.4	14789.7	14531.9	13297.1	14241.2	13264.6	
109.0294949_MZ	Pyrocatechol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyrocatechol, often known as catechol or benzene-1,2-diol, is a benzenediol, with formula C6H4(OH)2. It was first prepared in 1839 by H. Reinsch by distilling catechin (the juice of Mimosa catechu). This colourless compound occurs naturally, but about 20000 tons are manufactured each year, mainly as precursors to pesticides, flavors, and fragrances. Its sulfonic acid is often present in the urine of many mammals. Small amounts of catechol occur naturally in fruits and vegetables, along with the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. Upon mixing the enzyme with the substrate and exposure to oxygen (as when a potato or apple is cut), the colorless catechol oxidizes to reddish-brown benzoquinone derivatives. The enzyme is inactivated by adding an acid, such as lemon juice, or by refrigeration. Excluding oxygen also prevents the browning reaction. Catechol melts at 28 oC and boils at 250 oC. It is employed in medicine as an expectorant. The dimethyl ether or veratrol is also used in medicine. Many other pyrocatechin derivatives have been suggested for therapeutic application.	C6H6O2, Hydroquinone		None	None	None	13707.6	16107.5	18551.5	19661.0	21289.4	21403.6	16032.3	14341.7	18002.8	20601.8	26745.3	19340.8	16407.4	20180.3	12748.5	14722.9	16056.2	14691.0	12368.5	17940.0	20379.4	13104.1	17702.4	17989.7	15707.2	15597.1	15327.5	14992.6	20501.7	13398.6	15397.4	13850.4	14944.2	18395.7	15679.2	16752.1	15355.6	16853.9	21908.3	
109.0405562_MZ	Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring aldehyde metabolite of histamine formed by the action of histaminase (E.C. 1.4.3.6), and can be synthesized by oxidation of histidine. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) is the only enzyme in the human liver capable of catalyzing dehydrogenation of aldehydes arising via monoamine, diamine, and plasma amine oxidases. NAD-linked dehydrogenation of short chain aliphatic aldehydes has been found in virtually every organ of the mammalian body. Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde is a good substrate for all aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes. Experimentally, the prebiotic formation of histidine has been accomplished by the reaction of erythrose with formamidine followed by a Strecker synthesis. Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde could have been converted to histidine on the primitive earth by a Strecker synthesis, and several prebiotic reactions could convert imidazole-4-glycol and imidazole-4-ethanol to imidazole-4-acetaldehyde. (PMID: 2071588, 2957640, 11536478).	C5H6N2O		None	None	None	34036.8	27867.9	25549.7	26891.6	26169.5	31867.8	26556.1	34063.8	23324.1	21840.8	34936.9	32092.3	24674.3	27271.3	30714.7	28110.9	28682.6	27096.6	38306.9	23042.2	26302.5	28364.5	22593.8	27747.7	27447.3	27333.5	32696.8	26923.8	29801.0	29981.8	27840.8	36200.4	20659.1	27939.6	24245.3	35447.1	35963.9	23513.8	23846.7	
109.0658001_MZ	2,3-Butanediol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2,3-Butanediol is an isomer of butanediol. The 2R,3R stereoisomer of 2,3-butanediol is produced by a variety of microorganisms, in a process known as butanediol fermentation. 2,3-Butanediol fermentation is the anaerobic fermentation of glucose with 2,3-butanediol as one of the end products. The overall stoichiometry of the reaction is 2 pyruvate + NADH --> 2CO2 + 2,3-butanediol. Butanediol fermentation is typical for Enterobacter species or microbes found in the gut. 2,3-butanediol has been identified in the sera of alcoholics and it may be a specific marker of alcohol abuse (PMID: 6139706). In humans, 2,3-butanediol is oxidized to acetyl-CoA via acetoin. 2,3-Butanediol is also found in cocoa butter.	C4H10O2		None	None	None	5211.55	6244.93	9816.65	5634.01	7031.29	7580.18	5898.47	7504.49	5774.39	6050.32	7996.51	5676.32	5419.41	8510.71	5375.31	4357.35	4958.51	7001.32	4657.58	4949.86	6382.67	5303.5	5290.31	6818.54	4834.26	5576.49	5185.08	4378.58	7227.75	4096.16	4649.72	5236.54	4909.22	4849.9	4806.75	4794.52	5298.82	4996.83	5862.39	
110.0246430_MZ	Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid was synthesized over a century ago, but its history as a compound of biological origin is rather recent. It was first identified as a degradation product of sialic acids, then as a derivative of the oxidation of the D-hydroxyproline isomers by mammalian D-amino acid oxidase. The latter relationship results from the lability of the direct oxidation product, A'-pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylic acid, which loses water spontaneously to form the pyrrole. A similar reaction is catalyzed by the more specific allohydroxy-D-proline oxidase of Pseudomonas. In whole animal observations, pyrrole-2-carboxylate (PCA) ' was identified in rat or human urine after administration of the D-isomers of hydroxyproline, a finding ascribable to the action of D-amino acid oxidase. (PMID: 4430715). Urinary excretion of N-(pyrrole-2-carboxyl) glycine has been reported in a 5-year-old affected with type II hyperprolinemia; The child has mild developmental delay, recurrent seizures of the grand mal type and EEG alterations. The urinary excretion of the conjugate is stressed, since it appears that only one previous report in the literature described this compound in the urine of two patients affected by this disturbance. (PMID 2383933).	C5H5NO2		None	None	None	16951.9	17228.7	18416.6	20108.6	16698.0	25970.2	17657.0	14432.2	21293.5	25295.0	15664.5	21325.5	18981.7	19936.8	25035.8	37876.2	22756.9	21730.2	15369.3	16923.5	17364.7	15563.6	21122.2	19111.0	21655.1	17813.7	25651.5	22773.7	24755.4	13751.2	26548.2	17721.1	20561.1	22076.2	21804.9	23292.8	24633.1	21930.9	14885.1	
110.0348772_MZ	Cytosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cytosine is a pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids. The deamination of cytosine alone is apparent and the nucleotide of cytosine is the prime mutagenic nucleotide in leukaemia and cancer.	C4H5N3O		None	None	None	4145.33	4289.73	4765.02	5034.04	4705.28	5838.49	3993.52	3859.59	5397.69	5742.13	5665.63	4786.86	4875.03	4904.38	4736.9	6358.6	4859.83	4370.81	3562.7	4537.54	4569.98	3770.61	4600.23	4843.48	5030.64	4282.5	4850.26	4716.49	4914.48	3469.54	5026.95	4153.09	4232.55	4807.38	4457.51	4840.09	5003.59	5488.78	4669.12	
110.0723844_MZ	Histamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Histamine is an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.	C5H9N3		None	None	None	22719.0	20826.7	17999.9	16072.5	17212.3	27912.5	18952.4	20157.9	17600.5	14107.1	20211.8	18870.9	20327.2	20651.7	50755.7	14545.4	14335.8	18979.7	17377.3	14805.0	19676.6	17496.4	18580.1	21276.9	15092.7	18584.4	19244.2	25297.8	23969.5	22813.4	32285.0	16548.2	13971.1	14263.4	15355.5	45006.2	19545.9	12830.2	17368.9	
111.0087546_MZ	3-Furoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Furoic acid is an organic acid regularly occurring in urine of healthy individuals. (PMID 2338430). 3-Furoic acid is also a compound found in honey and honeydew samples (PMID 11403496), and is a structural analog of nicotinic acid (niacin, a vitamin of the B complex). (PMID 12563315).	C5H4O3, 2-Furoic acid		None	None	None	70291.5	72010.7	116271.0	65812.2	108969.0	77248.2	97804.9	96351.9	101661.0	94422.2	101556.0	95077.5	164195.0	111007.0	45719.8	80808.3	84319.2	79876.4	71288.8	108520.0	76244.0	80587.9	101417.0	89292.9	86334.3	118748.0	70665.3	72173.1	81954.8	93173.5	58245.9	92187.0	80499.2	104157.0	89642.4	75287.4	61180.7	97905.4	100954.0	
111.0198218_MZ	Uracil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uracil is a common naturally occurring pyrimidine found in RNA, it base pairs with adenine and is replaced by thymine in DNA. Methylation of uracil produces thymine. Uracil's use in the body is to help carry out the synthesis of many enzymes necessary for cell function through bonding with riboses and phosphates. Uracil serves as allosteric regulator and coenzyme for many important biochemical reactions. UDP and UTP regulate CPSase II activity in animals. UDP-glucose regulates the conversion of glucose to galactose in the liver and other tissues in the process of carbohydrate metabolism. Uracil is also involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides and the transportation of sugars containing aldehydes.	C4H4N2O2		None	None	None	80533.5	83121.3	98027.2	85790.9	87157.0	128886.0	87586.8	77262.1	117181.0	120665.0	68947.4	118329.0	111530.0	103177.0	110530.0	214948.0	122575.0	104937.0	72922.7	91541.4	84868.2	75292.0	105074.0	93071.4	112382.0	97095.5	130045.0	116312.0	128447.0	66207.9	109564.0	96725.9	103529.0	129830.0	119734.0	117546.0	123027.0	123339.0	79215.0	
111.0449922_MZ	trans-1,2-Dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Trans-1,2-Dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol is an intermediate in the metabolism of Prostaglandin and leukotriene. It is a substrate for Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3, Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4, Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 and Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1.	C6H8O2		None	None	None	12270.2	15442.9	21754.1	15109.4	19985.9	20470.3	15471.6	16200.3	16624.5	17984.4	26168.1	18002.4	15423.8	22324.2	11683.3	13593.7	13240.0	15387.0	11236.4	14622.9	18660.4	12399.9	14219.3	17066.3	14459.9	14371.3	12939.1	13863.4	20487.0	11260.0	12458.4	12658.1	13642.0	16106.7	12875.6	14568.3	14338.2	15389.2	20333.9	
112.0408009_MZ	1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid is an enamine or an imino acid that forms on spontaneous dehydration of L-glutamate &#947;-semialdehyde in aqueous solutions. The stereoisomer (S)-1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate is an intermediate in glutamate metabolism, in arginine degradation and in proline biosynthesis and degradation and it can be converted to or be formed from the three amino acids L-glutamate, L-ornithine and L-proline. In particular, it is synthesized with the oxidation of proline by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (EC 1.5.1.2, PYCR1) or by proline dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.99.8, PRODH) and it is hydrolyzed to L-glutamate by delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.12, ALDH4A1). It is also one of the few metabolites that can be a precursor to other metabolites of both the urea cycle and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.	C5H7NO2, 1-Pyrroline-2-carboxylic acid		None	None	None	10316.3	8969.35	10367.3	10942.2	8214.94	9524.93	8853.83	9378.2	9954.75	7528.74	9790.59	6926.78	8549.49	8279.96	10507.5	9529.82	9123.44	8078.39	10181.4	6232.95	9282.96	9057.78	8693.11	11693.1	7408.24	10414.3	9583.06	7492.07	8123.93	10135.9	8629.3	8652.74	6768.59	6073.65	10422.3	7088.22	9201.06	9166.74	6977.56	
112.0516579_MZ	Creatinine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Creatinine or creatine anhydride, is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle. The loss of water molecule from creatine results in the formation of creatinine. Creatinine is transferred to the kidneys by blood plasma, whereupon it is eliminated from the body by glomerular filtration and partial tubular excretion. Creatinine is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body. Measuring serum creatinine is a simple test and it is the most commonly used indicator of renal function. A rise in blood creatinine levels is observed only with marked damage to functioning nephrons; therefore this test is not suitable for detecting early kidney disease. The typical reference range for women is considered about 45-90 umol/l, for men 60-110 umol/l. Creatine and creatinine are metabolized in the kidneys, muscle, liver and pancreas.	C4H7N3O		None	None	None	17724.6	24827.4	22895.7	22231.6	19026.3	23126.2	29606.2	22142.0	26352.7	21498.0	19902.4	25696.2	23861.9	25989.0	17348.2	55878.2	23218.7	22471.7	18079.4	22795.0	22167.7	23559.2	19088.1	21002.1	31146.4	20842.8	20671.8	36105.5	19135.7	18557.4	23204.2	19381.1	21478.6	22645.3	23785.4	54603.5	28804.4	21320.9	34221.0	
113.0971535_MZ	4-Heptanone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-heptanone is a volatile organic ketone found in almost all urine samples of normal individuals. (PMID 15996539). It has been hypothesized that arises from in vivo beta-oxidation of 2-ethylhexanoic acid (EHA) from plasticizers, similar to formation of 3-heptanone from valproic acid. (PMID 11282094).	C7H14O, 2-Heptanone, Ethyl isobutyl ketone		None	None	None	1599.92	2189.08	2987.43	2106.33	3246.2	4564.24	2246.12	1668.72	2422.6	2962.2	4662.65	2852.94	2614.07	3852.69	1365.68	1554.76	1680.99	1476.48	1796.89	2400.86	3155.0	1539.18	1838.49	2316.07	2237.69	1980.28	1605.18	1743.83	3348.61	1755.71	2028.3	1514.3	1739.75	2720.12	1902.39	2722.81	1901.23	2574.78	3657.41	
114.0561021_MZ	L-Proline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Proline is one of the twenty amino acids used in living organisms as the building blocks of proteins. Proline is sometimes called an imino acid, although the IUPAC definition of an imine requires a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Proline is a non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from glutamic acid. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.	C5H9NO2, Acetamidopropanal		None	None	None	126553.0	242540.0	74284.4	72191.5	85833.7	219324.0	89027.3	112686.0	89905.6	73001.8	89993.5	120614.0	183443.0	100934.0	320209.0	178240.0	123316.0	105742.0	157144.0	85252.4	117410.0	134325.0	78184.7	113232.0	88322.7	108675.0	101838.0	173513.0	244973.0	131618.0	105173.0	77679.1	66537.8	91427.4	89511.5	120686.0	154220.0	75715.8	120016.0	
115.0036897_MZ	Fumaric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fumaric acid is a precursor to L-malate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is formed by the oxidation of succinate by succinate dehydrogenase. Fumarate is converted by fumarase to malate. A fumarate is a salt or ester of the organic compound fumaric acid, a dicarboxylic acid. (wikipedia).	C4H4O4, Maleic acid		None	None	None	654675.0	783678.0	669162.0	687152.0	744406.0	513746.0	745350.0	934065.0	626098.0	531341.0	668249.0	761621.0	690091.0	829375.0	645804.0	445221.0	696517.0	757350.0	697848.0	583364.0	738720.0	875573.0	688636.0	874554.0	699077.0	917183.0	695710.0	655498.0	422935.0	747698.0	869688.0	741580.0	553305.0	530656.0	685193.0	696639.0	610315.0	494119.0	647266.0	
115.0765001_MZ	Caproic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Caproic acid is a colorless oily liquid smelling of cheese. It is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils. Caproic acid is a medium chain triglycerides (MCT). MCTs are widely used for parenteral nutrition in individuals requiring supplemental nutrition and are being more widely used in foods, drugs and cosmetics; they are essentially non-toxic. It is safe for human dietary consumption up to levels of 1g/kg. (PMID 10685018).	C6H12O2, Isocaproic acid		None	None	None	31763.7	34847.7	35542.0	28164.3	30602.4	43252.7	27261.0	32778.3	27212.6	33566.2	38960.5	25165.9	37519.5	39707.1	24036.6	26014.2	23315.1	25499.1	27086.2	26255.7	35893.0	40233.8	22505.4	34639.8	23884.7	26004.2	25073.9	25954.5	38300.2	24982.5	23713.7	26278.9	26096.9	27236.3	26015.8	34405.1	31642.4	26849.4	30046.5	
116.0352151_MZ	L-Aspartate-semialdehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Aspartate-semialdehyde is involved in both the lysine biosynthesis I and homoserine biosynthesis pathways. In the lysine biosynthesis I pathway, L-Aspartate-semialdehyde is produce from a reaction between L-aspartyl-4-phosphate and NADPH, with phosphate and NADP+ as byproducts. The reaction is catalyzed by aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase. L-Aspartate-semialdehyde reacts with pyruvate to produce L-2,3-dihydrodipicolinate and water. Dihydrodipicolinate synthase catalyzes this reaction. In the homoserine biosynthesis pathway, L-Aspartate-semialdehyde is produce from a reaction between L-aspartyl-4-phosphate and NADPH, with phosphate and NADP+ as byproducts. The reaction is catalyzed by aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase. L-Aspartate-semialdehyde reacts with NAD(P)H and H+ to form homoserine and NAD(P)+.	C4H7NO3, Acetylglycine, L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid		None	None	None	13784.9	9905.41	20208.5	37537.7	8878.03	13112.7	9436.73	10774.8	13640.2	11262.9	12893.8	19505.3	23239.0	9806.13	12722.0	8138.44	10605.7	9963.58	8744.93	10485.6	15770.5	9993.89	13708.0	17647.0	9627.25	10851.8	10675.1	11464.0	11034.7	8423.61	19310.9	9010.86	7435.43	7224.16	16234.0	9325.54	11484.5	13888.7	15199.2	
116.0504057_MZ	Indole	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing pyrrole ring. It can be produced by bacteria as a degradation product of the amino acid tryptophan. It occurs naturally in human feces and has an intense fecal smell. At very low concentrations, however, it has a flowery smell, and is a constituent of many flower scents (such as orange blossoms) and perfumes. Natural jasmine oil, used in the perfume industry, contains around 2.5% of indole. Indole also occurs in coal tar. The participation of the nitrogen lone electron pair in the aromatic ring means that indole is not a base, and it does not behave like a simple amine.	C8H7N		None	None	None	13040.9	9739.02	11746.8	10147.4	11468.5	15253.6	9986.68	11263.8	12189.7	10704.3	11968.7	16834.9	17106.2	12938.9	13308.8	12638.4	13652.5	13213.9	13519.6	11752.4	12062.4	8430.8	9410.42	13349.8	10811.4	12549.6	11998.8	12768.6	11966.6	10326.1	9773.3	11102.6	8594.88	13328.6	13203.8	17501.3	12580.3	11707.9	11317.4	
116.0717491_MZ	L-Valine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Valine (abbreviated as Val or V) is an -amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH(CH3)2. It is named after the plant valerian. L-Valine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. Its codons are GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG. This essential amino acid is classified as nonpolar. Along with leucine and isoleucine, valine is a branched-chain amino acid. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids whose carbon structure is marked by a branch point. These three amino acids are critical to human life and are particularly involved in stress, energy and muscle metabolism. BCAA supplementation as therapy, both oral and intravenous, in human health and disease holds great promise. BCAA denotes valine, isoleucine and leucine which are branched chain essential amino acids. Despite their structural similarities, the branched amino acids have different metabolic routes, with valine going solely to carbohydrates, leucine solely to fats and isoleucine to both. The different metabolism accounts for different requirements for these essential amino acids in humans: 12 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg and 16 mg/kg of valine, leucine and isoleucine respectively. Furthermore, these amino acids have different deficiency symptoms. Valine deficiency is marked by neurological defects in the brain, while isoleucine deficiency is marked by muscle tremors. Many types of inborn errors of BCAA metabolism exist, and are marked by various abnormalities. The most common form is the maple syrup urine disease, marked by a characteristic urinary odor. Other abnormalities are associated with a wide range of symptoms, such as mental retardation, ataxia, hypoglycemia, spinal muscle atrophy, rash, vomiting and excessive muscle movement. Most forms of BCAA metabolism errors are corrected by dietary restriction of BCAA and at least one form is correctable by supplementation with 10 mg of biotin daily. BCAA are decreased in patients with liver disease, such as hepatitis, hepatic coma, cirrhosis, extrahepatic biliary atresia or portacaval shunt; aromatic amino acids (AAA)‰ÛÓtyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine, as well as methionine‰ÛÓare increased in these conditions. Valine in particular, has been established as a useful supplemental therapy to the ailing liver. All the BCAA probably compete with AAA for absorption into the brain. Supplemental BCAA with vitamin B6 and zinc help normalize the BCAA:AAA ratio. (http://www.dcnutrition.com). In sickle-cell disease, valine substitutes for the hydrophilic amino acid glutamic acid in hemoglobin. Because valine is hydrophobic, the hemoglobin does not fold correctly. Valine is an essential amino acid, hence it must be ingested, usually as a component of proteins.	C5H11NO2, N-Methyl-a-aminoisobutyric acid, 5-Aminopentanoic acid		None	None	None	286899.0	251999.0	198608.0	150746.0	272994.0	279854.0	257769.0	206671.0	188917.0	163910.0	170745.0	219927.0	266953.0	206827.0	374807.0	282516.0	249180.0	296651.0	255574.0	245753.0	229088.0	229398.0	244958.0	275889.0	238394.0	245747.0	246120.0	336819.0	292224.0	212082.0	189358.0	207602.0	146750.0	240163.0	183570.0	319831.0	281661.0	204232.0	216341.0	
117.0192773_MZ	Methylmalonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methylmalonic acid is a malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.	C4H6O4, Succinic acid, Erythrono-1,4-lactone, Threonolactone		None	None	None	656686.0	835452.0	714577.0	409463.0	846704.0	881098.0	668612.0	659956.0	805560.0	739207.0	784309.0	878750.0	717549.0	705181.0	694249.0	893464.0	788165.0	703837.0	717248.0	706360.0	749715.0	798114.0	597308.0	843139.0	801796.0	566812.0	796338.0	691273.0	747348.0	529849.0	750297.0	753243.0	547395.0	865364.0	915871.0	825893.0	840755.0	713755.0	795291.0	
117.0556099_MZ	2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid (also known as 2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid) is a metabolite found in the urine of patients with Phenylketonuria (PMID 7978272), Methylmalonic acidemia, Propionic acidemia, 3-Ketothiolase deficiency, Isovaleric acidemia, 3-Methylcrotonylglycemia, 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acidemia, Multiple carboxylase deficiency, Glutaric aciduria, Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, glyceroluria, Tyrosinemia type 1, Galactosemia, and Maple syrup urine disease (PMID 11048741). 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid has been identified in the urine of patients with lactic and ketoacidosis (PMID: 884872). It has also been identified in the urine of severely asphyxiated babies (PMID: 1610944). 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid originates mainly from ketogenesis and from the metabolism of valine, leucine and isoleucine (PMID: 6434570).	C5H10O3, 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-[R-(R,S)]-butanoic acid, 2-Methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-Ethylhydracrylic acid, 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-[S-(R,R)]-butanoic acid, 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid, Erythronilic acid, 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid, 2-Hydroxyvaleric acid. 2-Hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid, 4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid		None	None	None	30832.8	14916.0	43221.8	23659.2	23374.0	24360.4	16954.6	30076.7	21621.9	14273.2	17028.5	18935.5	20715.6	24885.6	19799.3	21866.4	22111.1	17979.5	16926.2	20178.6	28855.6	24277.1	16261.6	32918.3	31240.8	16447.7	15331.3	20151.7	20002.7	11856.8	13311.2	15398.3	18010.7	14239.3	32838.5	28337.2	23544.6	23481.3	27427.7	
118.0509686_MZ	L-Threonine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Threonine is an essential amino acid in humans. It is abundant in human plasma, particularly in newborns. Severe deficiency of threonine causes neurological dysfunction and lameness in experimental animals. Threonine is an immunostimulant which promotes the growth of thymus gland. It also can probably promote cell immune defense function. This amino acid has been useful in the treatment of genetic spasticity disorders and multiple sclerosis at a dose of 1 gram daily. It is highly concentrated in meat products, cottage cheese and wheat germ. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) The threonine content of most of the infant formulas currently on the market is approximately 20% higher than the threonine concentration in human milk. Due to this high threonine content the plasma threonine concentrations are up to twice as high in premature infants fed these formulas than in infants fed human milk. The whey proteins which are used for infant formulas are sweet whey proteins. Sweet whey results from cheese production. Threonine catabolism in mammals appears to be due primarily (70-80%) to the activity of threonine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.103) that oxidizes threonine to 2-amino-3-oxobutyrate, which forms glycine and acetyl CoA, whereas threonine dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.16) that catabolizes threonine into 2-oxobutyrate and ammonia, is significantly less active. Increasing the threonine plasma concentrations leads to accumulation of threonine and glycine in the brain. Such accumulation affects the neurotransmitter balance which may have consequences for the brain development during early postnatal life. Thus, excessive threonine intake during infant feeding should be avoided. (PMID 9853925).	C4H9NO3,  L-Homoserine, L-Allothreonine		None	None	None	47845.6	44621.6	32588.6	25440.3	32135.4	53037.5	35492.1	41251.1	35423.7	29311.7	36047.0	39372.2	59201.8	38938.6	85485.7	46748.2	37256.5	43990.5	42461.4	30846.9	38988.2	47637.2	36144.7	46599.0	27871.6	39177.6	40327.6	51358.2	68520.8	45477.9	51074.8	30060.2	27087.2	28730.8	35008.9	46074.8	47708.6	27613.1	39807.9	
118.9804540_MZ	3-Mercaptopyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Mercaptopyruvic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of Cysteine. It is a substrate for L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase (mitochondrial), L-lactate dehydrogenase C chain, L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6A, Aspartate aminotransferase (cytoplasmic), L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain and L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B.	C3H4O3S		None	None	None	287125.0	165569.0	224248.0	119095.0	219284.0	394381.0	254321.0	190297.0	269778.0	290097.0	253064.0	320844.0	170982.0	249766.0	155813.0	442843.0	357475.0	269363.0	320439.0	271469.0	244582.0	221114.0	166994.0	308201.0	261878.0	191610.0	333132.0	281730.0	270906.0	181094.0	128316.0	246462.0	187373.0	329640.0	304293.0	322364.0	325828.0	265185.0	289507.0	
119.0501380_MZ	4-Hydroxystyrene	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-hydroxystyrene occurs frequently in different ciders, wines, foods and berries, e.g. cloudberry. Styrene is a prohapten metabolized in the skin by aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH, EC 1.14.14.1) to styrene epoxide acting as the true hapten. Styrene occurs in nature and as a synthetic product.(PMID: 6713846).	C8H8O, Phenylacetaldehyde		None	None	None	27510.2	30685.4	22810.1	26598.5	25016.0	30184.5	24090.2	30139.4	26720.0	26780.7	25043.4	24948.8	28728.7	25389.1	21917.2	23011.9	35255.7	25781.1	24818.9	26441.3	23780.9	29528.1	27395.4	26717.7	23811.3	23677.8	28972.1	23351.3	33068.9	22140.0	20969.0	23243.0	29120.3	26723.7	24904.9	25462.6	24762.8	24701.3	24535.7	
120.0453765_MZ	Benzamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Benzamide is an intermediate in the Benzoate degradation via CoA ligation. Benzamides are a class of chemical compounds derived from Benzamid, the carbonic acid amide of benzoic acid. In psychiatry some substituted benzamides are therapeutically used as neuroleptics and/or antipsychotics (wikipedia).	C7H7NO		None	None	None	4580.24	4472.92	5017.42	4468.25	4294.28	4343.1	4984.37	5555.73	4037.33	4347.86	3916.99	4314.73	4450.32	4503.97	4214.69	5330.39	4082.87	4724.39	3768.39	3578.87	4159.66	3971.71	4319.55	4536.08	3940.2	4002.94	5099.66	3822.84	4793.35	4634.25	3886.04	3935.06	3775.94	3521.43	4246.75	4371.62	4700.27	4294.41	3399.0	
120.9963797_MZ	3-Mercaptolactic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Mercaptolactic acid is a thiol that has been confirmed to be found in urine (PMID 8852041).	C3H6O3S		None	None	None	13419.4	8770.49	11591.6	6819.47	11193.8	61993.2	12999.3	9890.34	49443.8	17101.5	35228.8	15236.5	11982.2	17515.9	7513.35	18510.2	16508.0	12515.9	14147.3	12846.9	11320.1	11152.5	9346.08	13537.1	12619.3	9499.43	14614.2	13906.8	13339.0	10587.9	7836.84	12539.8	9102.25	15281.1	14471.9	14132.9	18384.2	12495.7	30125.1	
121.0294623_MZ	Benzoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Benzoic acid, C6H5COOH, is a colourless crystalline solid and the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. Benzoic acid occurs naturally free and bound as benzoic acid esters in many plant and animal species. Appreciable amounts have been found in most berries (around 0.05%). Cranberries contain as much as 300-1300 mg free benzoic acid per kg fruit. Benzoic acid is a fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It often is conjugated to glycine in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid. Benzoic acid is a byproduct of phenylalanine metabolism in bacteria. It is also produced when gut bacteria process polyphenols (from ingested fruits or beverages).	C7H6O2, 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde		None	None	None	160261.0	173779.0	193595.0	136207.0	130958.0	182666.0	198344.0	209577.0	126881.0	146026.0	127935.0	69342.5	153289.0	174072.0	109232.0	205288.0	169457.0	193326.0	122272.0	77668.7	107869.0	196612.0	123651.0	193616.0	65938.9	167867.0	218265.0	72179.9	159278.0	225595.0	118133.0	167810.0	112823.0	59417.5	115512.0	78942.5	158081.0	119489.0	63126.6	
121.0405399_MZ	Niacinamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Niacinamide or vitamin B3 is an important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and pellagra. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake. Niacinamide is used to increase the effect of radiation therapy on tumor cells. Niacin (nicotinic acid) and niacinamide, while both labeled as vitamin B3 also have different applications. Niacinamide is useful in arthritis and early-onset type I diabetes while niacin is an effective reducer of high cholesterol levels.	C6H6N2O		None	None	None	71590.0	66388.4	74848.6	73190.2	81091.2	68946.5	139168.0	70222.6	91560.9	65406.2	50212.5	85901.2	60769.9	95644.5	71929.5	100670.0	87305.8	86826.2	70158.4	72494.6	67670.2	72731.2	74859.3	76976.8	87749.4	115858.0	85140.2	79969.6	89438.1	96789.8	59711.5	78986.9	68170.3	66618.4	87980.3	86362.1	79557.6	68200.2	68771.8	
122.0247599_MZ	Nicotinic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin or vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin whose derivatives such as NADH, NAD, NAD+, and NADP play essential roles in energy metabolism in the living cell and DNA repair. The designation vitamin B3 also includes the amide form, nicotinamide or niacinamide. Severe lack of niacin causes the deficiency disease pellagra, whereas a mild deficiency slows down the metabolism decreasing cold tolerance. The recommended daily allowance of niacin is 2-12 mg a day for children, 14 mg a day for women, 16 mg a day for men, and 18 mg a day for pregnant or breast-feeding women. It is found in various animal and plant tissues and has pellagra-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties. The liver can synthesize niacin from the essential amino acid tryptophan (see below), but the synthesis is extremely slow and requires vitamin B6; 60 mg of tryptophan are required to make one milligram of niacin. Bacteria in the gut may also perform the conversion but are inefficient.	C6H5NO2, Picolinic acid		None	None	None	12447.3	10811.9	10916.1	10543.5	11944.1	14287.6	13250.0	10832.7	10742.1	13345.3	12352.4	11730.7	13957.3	11435.4	11152.5	14973.0	10499.8	11515.1	11192.4	11895.9	12475.8	12914.0	11235.3	11047.4	12734.9	10702.4	14461.6	13978.4	17092.5	10339.4	12324.7	11412.7	12563.8	11424.0	11357.4	11889.6	11839.7	11785.9	11475.8	
124.0073856_MZ	Taurine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Taurine is a sulfur amino acid like methionine, cystine, cysteine and homocysteine. It is a lesser-known amino acid because it is not incorporated into the structural building blocks of protein. Yet taurine is an essential amino acid in pre-term and newborn infants of humans and many other species. Adults can synthesize their own taurine, yet are probably dependent in part on dietary taurine. Taurine is abundant in the brain, heart, breast, gallbladder and kidney and has important roles in health and disease in these organs. Taurine has many diverse biological functions serving as a neurotransmitter in the brain, a stabilizer of cell membranes and a facilitator in the transport of ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Taurine is highly concentrated in animal and fish protein, which are good sources of dietary taurine. It can be synthesized by the body from cysteine when vitamin B6 is present. Deficiency of taurine occurs in premature infants and neonates fed formula milk, and in various disease states. Inborn errors of taurine metabolism have been described. OMIM 168605, an unusual neuropsychiatric disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion through 3 generations of a family. Symptoms began late in the fifth decade in 6 affected persons and death occurred after 4 to 6 years. The earliest and most prominent symptom was mental depression not responsive to antidepressant drugs or electroconvulsive therapy. Sleep disturbances, exhaustion and marked weight loss were features. Parkinsonism developed later, and respiratory failure occurred terminally. OMIM 145350 describes congestive cardiomyopathy and markedly elevated urinary taurine levels (about 5 times normal). Other family members had late or holosystolic mitral valve prolapse and elevated urinary taurine values (about 2.5 times normal). In 2 with mitral valve prolapse, congestive cardiomyopathy eventually developed while the amounts of urinary taurine doubled. Taurine, after GABA, is the second most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its inhibitory effect is one source of taurine's anticonvulsant and antianxiety properties. It also lowers glutamic acid in the brain, and preliminary clinical trials suggest taurine may be useful in some forms of epilepsy. Taurine in the brain is usually associated with zinc or manganese. The amino acids alanine and glutamic acid, as well as pantothenic acid, inhibit taurine metabolism while vitamins A and B6, zinc and manganese help build taurine. Cysteine and B6 are the nutrients most directly involved in taurine synthesis. Taurine levels have been found to decrease significantly in many depressed patients. One reason that the findings are not entirely clear is because taurine is often elevated in the blood of epileptics who need it. It is often difficult to distinguish compensatory changes in human biochemistry from true metabolic or deficiency disease. Low levels of taurine are found in retinitis pigmentosa. Taurine deficiency in experimental animals produces degeneration of light-sensitive cells. Therapeutic applications of taurine to eye disease are likely to be forthcoming. Taurine has many important metabolic roles. Supplements can stimulate prolactin and insulin release. The parathyroid gland makes a peptide hormone called glutataurine (glutamic acid-taurine), which further demonstrates taurine's role in endocrinology. Taurine increases bilirubin and cholesterol excretion in bile, critical to normal gallbladder function. It seems to inhibit the effect of morphine and potentiates the effects of opiate antagonists. Low plasma taurine levels have been found in a variety of conditions, i.e., depression, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gout, institutionalized patients, infertility, obesity, kidney failure and others. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/).	C2H7NO3S		None	None	None	17624200.0	17735000.0	20649800.0	20829200.0	19867600.0	18386300.0	18829800.0	16110600.0	18849000.0	15195200.0	18418100.0	18492800.0	19103800.0	18227800.0	19886000.0	16153800.0	18492000.0	17639100.0	19774300.0	18836300.0	18635200.0	15837900.0	16760400.0	16993300.0	18820400.0	17948700.0	17891500.0	18863500.0	18034200.0	19312900.0	20340400.0	17976200.0	12676400.0	17918600.0	18932600.0	20277200.0	18275800.0	17905700.0	17191000.0	
124.9912492_MZ	2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isethionic acid C2H6O4S is a short chain alkane sulfonate containing hydroxy group, is a water soluble liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable and high foaming anionic surfactants which provides gentle cleansing and soft skin feel. A colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.	C2H6O4S		None	None	None	557886.0	468341.0	635479.0	421539.0	534344.0	725294.0	656906.0	496472.0	635512.0	662834.0	521531.0	317365.0	396698.0	596828.0	321966.0	447850.0	731702.0	549513.0	688000.0	394621.0	545241.0	597073.0	458824.0	647559.0	315789.0	533394.0	565397.0	372242.0	656305.0	412770.0	393819.0	668402.0	296669.0	238356.0	619527.0	376284.0	765833.0	513238.0	317038.0	
127.0512007_MZ	Dihydrothymine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dihydrothymine is an intermediate breakdown product of thymine. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase catalyzes the reduction of thymine to 5, 6-dihydrothymine then dihydropyrimidinase hydrolyzes 5, 6-dihydrothymine to N-carbamyl-b-alanine. Finally, beta-ureidopropionase catalyzes the conversion of N-carbamyl-b-alanine to beta-alanine. Patients with dihydropyrimidinase deficiency exhibit highly increased concentrations of 5, 6-dihydrouracil and 5, 6-dihydrothymine and moderately increased concentrations of uracil and thymine can be detected in urine.	C5H8N2O2		None	None	None	322421.0	239260.0	228006.0	274631.0	259379.0	252202.0	233508.0	356200.0	219065.0	207095.0	367463.0	390625.0	221028.0	279464.0	262287.0	274569.0	309062.0	258044.0	388304.0	221609.0	237538.0	276569.0	196946.0	275295.0	312528.0	259754.0	322547.0	253017.0	285747.0	271224.0	275997.0	377321.0	191135.0	294320.0	232862.0	385537.0	376653.0	215176.0	221047.0	
128.0353384_MZ	Pyroglutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pyroglutamic acid is a cyclized derivative of L-glutamic acid. It is an uncommon amino acid derivative in which the free amino group of glutamic acid cyclizes to form a lactam. It is formed nonenzymatically from glutamate, glutamine, and gamma-glutamylated peptides, but it can also be produced by the action of gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase on an L-amino acid. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of glutamine or glutathione metabolism. This compound is found in substantial amounts in brain tissue and other tissue in bound form, especially skin. Also present in plant tissues. It is sold, over the counter, as a smart drug for improving blood circulation in the brain.	C5H7NO3, 1-Pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate, N-Acryloylglycine, Pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid, Pyrroline hydroxycarboxylic acid		None	None	None	666291.0	590047.0	521391.0	537873.0	528534.0	568209.0	559782.0	815609.0	436847.0	422200.0	514259.0	581313.0	642799.0	547530.0	599819.0	633453.0	564176.0	494685.0	634092.0	462217.0	488520.0	586051.0	609043.0	547105.0	464746.0	580026.0	637594.0	509258.0	549838.0	606737.0	585902.0	662466.0	465255.0	512709.0	465925.0	645106.0	618231.0	500115.0	453311.0	
128.0714741_MZ	Pipecolic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pipecolic acid is a metabolite of lysine found in human physiological fluids such as urine, plasma and CSF. However, it is uncertain if pipecolic acid originates directly from food intake or from mammalian or intestinal bacterial enzyme metabolism. Recent studies suggest that plasma pipecolic acid, particularly the D-isomer, originates mainly from the catabolism of dietary lysine by intestinal bacteria rather than by direct food intake. In classic Zellweger syndrome (a cerebro-hepato-renal genetic disorder, OMIM 214100) pipecolic acid accumulate in the plasma of the patients. It is known that plasma pipecolic acid levels are also elevated in patients with chronic liver diseases. Pipecolic acid is moderately elevated in patients with pyridoxine-dependent seizures and might therefore be a possible biochemical marker for selecting candidates for pyridoxine therapy (Plecko et al 2000). Pipecolic acid was also elevated in CSF in these vitamin B6-responsive patients. (PMID 12705501).	C6H11NO2, L-Pipecolic acid, N4-Acetylaminobutanal, D-Pipecolic acid		None	None	None	12029.6	12621.0	17000.6	18553.3	15600.0	11476.9	13133.5	15275.2	16825.2	9490.97	12392.8	12889.2	9179.0	15292.6	11251.8	10237.7	12134.9	12177.9	14300.5	14755.6	13198.7	10367.5	17711.9	21357.5	18718.7	10011.7	15513.4	12272.5	12142.3	12449.8	14104.0	14277.6	8679.34	11871.3	18091.1	13330.3	12173.4	17010.6	12943.8	
129.0192840_MZ	Mesaconic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Mesaconic acid is one of several isomeric carboxylic acids obtained from citric acid. Is used as a fire retardant, recent studies revealed this acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction.	C5H6O4, Itaconic acid, Glutaconic acid, Gamma-delta-Dioxovaleric acid, Citraconic acid		None	None	None	107877.0	123189.0	165986.0	163524.0	141603.0	199898.0	148653.0	99348.4	138440.0	152568.0	181401.0	146124.0	201946.0	168076.0	101730.0	70232.9	115398.0	105394.0	109387.0	117970.0	134194.0	96021.1	121859.0	133097.0	116892.0	118979.0	95964.9	114100.0	207756.0	123250.0	142977.0	97684.5	91654.4	117558.0	114164.0	149123.0	111746.0	118208.0	124947.0	
129.0556350_MZ	Ketoleucine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ketoleucine is a metabolite that accumulates in Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) and shown to compromise brain energy metabolism by blocking the respiratory chain; this is of relevance to the understanding of the pathophysiology of the neurological dysfunction of MSUD patients. (PMID 14636955).	C6H10O3, 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid, 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, 2-Ketohexanoic acid, Mevalonolactone, 3-Oxohexanoic acid, Adipate semialdehyde		None	None	None	27491.0	29032.7	46322.4	26079.4	26310.2	30128.6	29025.0	43222.8	23492.9	25560.8	27643.8	23172.5	27741.0	38679.5	25874.9	29318.3	27236.1	38511.9	24319.0	23735.0	25790.6	33449.1	23087.2	33333.8	19939.7	27545.3	26784.2	22913.8	29113.5	22901.9	23510.0	29069.7	25249.8	21258.9	22490.5	25435.0	27545.3	23579.0	23172.4	
129.0921040_MZ	Heptanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Heptanoic acid, also called enanthic acid, is an organic compound composed of a seven-carbon chain terminating in a carboxylic acid. It is an oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor. It contributes to the odor of some rancid oils. It is slightly soluble in water, but well soluble in ethanol and ether.	C7H14O2		None	None	None	26763.6	28940.8	24595.5	19997.8	18940.2	26995.9	18949.9	26296.6	18606.9	22618.3	24201.4	16155.5	28159.9	25848.5	16991.6	22017.2	17801.0	22084.5	19560.3	18876.1	23560.3	33786.7	15914.2	28289.7	16172.8	19016.4	18930.0	18460.4	28109.7	18293.9	16578.3	19990.0	20071.4	18281.4	18737.4	23203.4	22952.5	17992.5	19045.4	
130.0621759_MZ	Creatine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Creatine is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. Creatine functions as part of the cell's energy shuttle. The high energy phosphate group of ATP is transferred to creatine to form phosphocreatine in the following reaction: Cr + ATP <-> PCr + ADP. This reaction is reversibly catalyzed by creatine kinase. In the human body creatine is synthesized mainly in the liver by the use of parts from three different amino acids - arginine, glycine, and methionine. 95% of it is later stored in the skeletal muscles, with the rest in the brain, heart, testes.	C4H9N3O2, Beta-Guanidinopropionic acid		None	None	None	10000.5	11850.9	13454.5	14393.3	10656.1	13871.3	9996.92	12040.0	12412.8	9068.46	11602.5	15680.9	21875.3	14373.5	11833.0	8714.01	12332.0	12666.4	9273.71	12508.9	12692.9	10385.5	11761.7	13364.7	13307.4	11012.4	10669.5	10188.5	9449.19	9789.93	12089.4	9521.73	7714.76	14717.3	14262.2	11830.2	9665.59	10981.3	11683.2	
130.0873871_MZ	L-Leucine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids whose carbon structure is marked by a branch point. These three amino acids are critical to human life and are particularly involved in stress, energy and muscle metabolism. BCAA supplementation as therapy, both oral and intravenous, in human health and disease holds great promise. 'BCAA' denotes valine, isoleucine and leucine which are branched chain essential amino acids. Despite their structural similarities, the branched amino acids have different metabolic routes, with valine going solely to carbohydrates, leucine solely to fats and isoleucine to both. The different metabolism accounts for different requirements for these essential amino acids in humans: 12 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg and 16 mg/kg of valine, leucine and isoleucine respectively. Furthermore, these amino acids have different deficiency symptoms. Valine deficiency is marked by neurological defects in the brain, while isoleucine deficiency is marked by muscle tremors. Many types of inborn errors of BCAA metabolism exist, and are marked by various abnormalities. The most common form is the maple syrup urine disease, marked by a characteristic urinary odor. Other abnormalities are associated with a wide range of symptoms, such as mental retardation, ataxia, hypoglycemia, spinal muscle atrophy, rash, vomiting and excessive muscle movement. Most forms of BCAA metabolism errors are corrected by dietary restriction of BCAA and at least one form is correctable by supplementation with 10 mg of biotin daily. BCAA are useful because they are metabolized primarily by muscle. Stress state- e.g surgery, trauma, cirrhosis, infections, fever and starvation--require proportionately more BCAA than other amino acids and probably proportionately more leucine than either valine or isoleucine. BCAA and other amino acids are frequently fed intravenously (TPN) to malnourished surgical patients and in some cases of severe trauma. BCAA, particularly leucine, stimulate protein synthesis, increase reutilization of amino acids in many organs and reduce protein breakdown. Furthermore, leucine can be an important source of calories, and is superior as fuel to the ubiquitous intravenous glucose (dextrose). Leucine also stimulates insulin release, which in turn stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein breakdown. These effects are particularly useful in athletic training. BCAA should also replace the use of steroids as commonly used by weightlifters. Huntington's chorea and anorexic disorders both are characterized by low serum BCAA. These diseases, as well as forms of Parkinson's, may respond to BCAA therapy. BCAA, and particularly leucine, are among the amino acids most essential for muscle health. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C6H13NO2, L-Isoleucine, L-Alloisoleucine, L-Norleucine, Aminocaproic acid, Beta-Leucine		None	None	None	791303.0	576252.0	617418.0	392668.0	727473.0	834991.0	702569.0	670655.0	608874.0	547176.0	540675.0	825142.0	894606.0	669774.0	984396.0	840522.0	783523.0	876907.0	726150.0	689374.0	675611.0	581589.0	661971.0	853735.0	726368.0	772816.0	732475.0	895335.0	809854.0	564908.0	492205.0	643923.0	426576.0	700977.0	556272.0	933970.0	792153.0	641839.0	681481.0	
131.0348766_MZ	Ethylmalonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ethylmalonic acid is identified in the urine of patients with short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, which is a fatty acid metabolism disorder.	C5H8O4, Glutaric acid, Methylsuccinic acid, Dimethylmalonic acid, 2-Acetolactate, (S)-2-Acetolactate, Monoethyl malonic acid		None	None	None	32670.7	38432.4	53204.5	38332.6	30487.2	36223.8	34307.7	37409.6	28884.1	27299.5	28741.2	27848.6	80082.3	36554.1	34969.7	30051.4	31155.1	37421.5	34766.4	26111.7	28744.6	28810.4	29332.8	35870.2	33792.3	33236.7	31351.8	30691.5	29602.4	26579.5	31359.9	38431.1	25763.2	28809.2	32972.6	30899.5	34879.8	29457.1	23841.6	
131.0461975_MZ	L-Asparagine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Asparagine (Asn) is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids on Earth. It has carboxamide as the side chain's functional group. It is considered a non-essential amino acid. Asparagine is not an essential amino acid, which means that it can be synthesized from central metabolic pathway intermediates in humans and is not required in the diet. The precursor to asparagine is oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is converted to aspartate using a transaminase enzyme. The enzyme transfers the amino group from glutamate to oxaloacetate producing alpha-ketoglutarate and aspartate. The enzyme asparagine synthetase produces asparagine, AMP, glutamate, and pyrophosphate from aspartate, glutamine, and ATP. In the asparagine synthetase reaction, ATP is used to activate aspartate, forming beta-aspartyl-AMP. glutamine donates an ammonium group which reacts with beta-aspartyl-AMP to form asparagine and free AMP. Since the asparagine side chain can make efficient hydrogen bond interactions with the peptide backbone, asparagines are often found near the beginning and end of alpha-helices, and in turn motifs in beta sheets. Its role can be thought as capping the hydrogen bond interactions which would otherwise need to be satisfied by the polypeptide backbone. glutamines have an extra methylene group, have more conformational entropy and thus are less useful in this regard. Asparagine also provides key sites for N-linked glycosylation, modification of the protein chain with the addition of carbohydrate chains. A reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars or reactive carbonyls produces acrylamide (acrylic amide) in food when heated to sufficient temperature, i.e. baking. These occur primarily in baked goods such as french fries, potato chips, and roasted coffee. Asparagine was first isolated in 1806 from asparagus juice, in which it is abundant--hence its name--becoming the first amino acid to be isolated. The smell observed in the urine of some individuals after their consumption of asparagus is attributed to a byproduct of the metabolic breakdown of asparagine, asparagine-amino-succinic-acid monoamide. (However, some scientists disagree and implicate other substances in the smell, especially methanethiol). (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagine).	C4H8N2O3, Glycyl-glycine, N-Carbamoylsarcosine, Ureidopropionic acid		None	None	None	35362.8	33229.8	31887.5	21005.6	31642.3	42118.5	31694.6	35904.5	31688.5	28075.5	28310.9	39950.5	54971.0	34740.7	39084.4	41775.3	38597.6	36878.2	38773.3	27015.8	38767.4	31862.8	28196.3	34540.1	31803.6	37703.6	40022.3	38520.4	35832.8	28899.6	26806.1	30423.5	23729.7	33942.7	33391.4	49576.7	39635.4	28637.8	28095.7	
131.0824602_MZ	L-Ornithine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ornithine is an amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine. It is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen. L-Ornithine is also a precursor of citrulline and arginine. In order for ornithine produced in the cytosol to be converted to citrulline, it must first cross the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix where it is carbamylated by ornithine transcarbamylase. This transfer is mediated by the mitochondrial ornithine transporter (SLC25A15; AF112968; ORNT1). Mutations in the mitochondrial ornithine transporter result in hyperammonemia, hyperornithinemia, homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, a disorder of the urea cycle. (PMID 16256388) The pathophysiology of the disease may involve diminished ornithine transport into mitochondria, resulting in ornithine accumulation in the cytoplasm and reduced ability to clear carbamoyl phosphate and ammonia loads. (OMIM 838970).	C5H12N2O2		None	None	None	145062.0	137959.0	102768.0	88898.6	96198.6	148818.0	123888.0	125711.0	103335.0	107170.0	127569.0	107530.0	150490.0	115863.0	174417.0	106552.0	119622.0	135185.0	121664.0	121079.0	134023.0	109201.0	131600.0	137472.0	120165.0	150762.0	125174.0	142604.0	134780.0	120631.0	145604.0	105192.0	103064.0	116676.0	117257.0	186134.0	116417.0	112194.0	111954.0	
132.0302377_MZ	L-Aspartic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Aspartic acid (Asp, D), also known as aspartate, the name of its anion, is one of the 20 natural proteinogenic amino acids which are the building blocks of proteins. As its name indicates, aspartic acid is the carboxylic acid analog of asparagine. As a neurotransmitter, aspartic acid may provide resistance to fatigue and thus lead to endurance, although the evidence to support this idea is not strong. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartic_acid) Aspartic acid is a nonessential amino acid which is made from glutamic acid by enzymes using vitamin B6. The amino acid has important roles in the urea cycle and DNA metabolism. Aspartic acid is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, which is sometimes found to be increased in epileptic and stroke patients. It is decreased in depressed patients and in patients with brain atrophy. Aspartic acid supplements are being evaluated. Five grams can raise blood levels. Magnesium and zinc may be natural inhibitors of some of the actions of aspartic acid. Aspartic acid, with the amino acid phenylalanine, is a part of a new natural sweetener, aspartame. This sweetener is an advance in artificial sweeteners, and is probably safe in normal doses to all except phenylketonurics. The jury is still out on the long term effects it has on many brain neurohormones. Aspartic acid may be a significant immunostimulant of the thymus and can protect against some of the damaging effects of radiation. Many claims have been made for the special value of administering aspartic acid in the form of potassium and magnesium salts. Since aspartic acid is relatively nontoxic, studies are now in progress to elucidate its pharmacological and therapeutic roles. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids).	C4H7NO4, Iminodiacetate		None	None	None	324054.0	499717.0	265835.0	117811.0	586802.0	283857.0	510369.0	625020.0	302041.0	201574.0	426001.0	480683.0	461078.0	889193.0	385471.0	230955.0	262446.0	639016.0	368865.0	507991.0	472943.0	598265.0	381200.0	778861.0	285675.0	398442.0	259055.0	502410.0	362940.0	525959.0	209029.0	283940.0	301461.0	171139.0	209799.0	591346.0	202512.0	163099.0	800067.0	
133.0142794_MZ	L-Malic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Malic acid is a tart-tasting organic dicarboxylic acid that plays a role in many sour or tart foods. Apples contain malic acid, which contributes to the sourness of a green apple. Malic acid can make a wine taste tart, although the amount decreases with increasing fruit ripeness. (wikipedia). In its ionized form malic acid is called malate. Malate is an intermediate of the TCA cycle along with fumarate. It can also be formed from pyruvate as one of the anaplerotic reactions. In humans, malic acid is both derived from food sources and synthesized in the body through the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle which takes place in the mitochondria. Malate's importance to the production of energy in the body during both aerobic and anaerobic conditions is well established. Under aerobic conditions, the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate provides reducing equivalents to the mitochondria through the malate-aspartate redox shuttle. During anaerobic conditions, where a buildup of excess of reducing equivalents inhibits glycolysis, malic acid's simultaneous reduction to succinate and oxidation to oxaloacetate is capable of removing the accumulating reducing equivalents. This allows malic acid to reverse hypoxia's inhibition of glycolysis and energy production. In studies on rats it has been found that only tissue malate is depleted following exhaustive physical activity. Other key metabolites from the citric acid cycle needed for energy production were found to be unchanged. Because of this, a deficiency of malic acid has been hypothesized to be a major cause of physical exhaustion. Notably, the administration of malic acid to rats has been shown to elevate mitochondrial malate and increase mitochondrial respiration and energy production.	C4H6O5		None	None	None	3211060.0	3068920.0	3293910.0	1690410.0	3688270.0	2702610.0	4089510.0	5031760.0	3425540.0	3202620.0	4020500.0	4619240.0	4187300.0	4685610.0	2347130.0	1480990.0	3047590.0	3574090.0	3494900.0	3785840.0	4205370.0	4494660.0	2550230.0	4816940.0	2879820.0	3881530.0	3245310.0	2991440.0	2952580.0	4142480.0	2242270.0	3082910.0	2563550.0	2106460.0	2921920.0	3868800.0	2692770.0	2102300.0	4118910.0	
133.0505218_MZ	Deoxyribose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxyribose is an aldopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from the pentose sugar ribose by the replacement of the hydroxyl group at the 2 position with hydrogen, leading to the net loss of an oxygen atom, and has chemical formula C5H10O4. In deoxyribose, the carbon furthest from the attached carbon is stripped of the oxygen atom in what would be a hydroxyl group in ribose. The common base adenine (a purine derivative) coupled to deoxyribose is called deoxyadenosine. The 5-triphosphate derivative of adenosine, commonly called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important energy transport molecule in cells. -- Wikipedia.	C5H10O4, 2,3-Dihydroxyvaleric acid, 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose, (R)-glycerol 1-acetate, (R)-2,3-Dihydroxy-isovalerate		None	None	None	42611.4	41122.4	41063.3	20714.6	48773.3	62154.7	52534.0	75592.4	44769.1	64014.3	81250.7	69147.4	88251.7	65686.9	32998.2	22391.1	39137.8	45916.7	52206.5	47431.9	71321.4	73613.6	30974.8	64957.4	36086.7	50287.3	40747.5	37822.7	146372.0	53229.7	29152.8	34915.7	34395.4	26145.1	38189.7	59082.1	35233.9	25201.5	60232.3	
134.0472728_MZ	Adenine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenine is a purine base. Adenine is found in both DNA and RNA. Adenine is a fundamental component of adenine nucleotides. Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose, and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose; it forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a nucleotide, when three phosphate groups are added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in cellular metabolism as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between chemical reactions. Purine inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are serious hereditary disorders, which should be suspected in any case of neonatal fitting, failure to thrive, recurrent infections, neurological deficit, renal disease, self-mutilation and other manifestations. Investigation usually starts with uric acid (UA) determination in urine and plasma. (OMIM 300322, 229600, 603027, 232400, 232600, 232800, 201450, 220150, 232200, 162000, 164050, 278300). (PMID: 17052198, 17520339).	C5H5N5		None	None	None	1247280.0	1345060.0	1426920.0	1347630.0	1516260.0	1312170.0	1588610.0	1101400.0	1702940.0	1261210.0	1240430.0	1507270.0	1402630.0	1930800.0	1593620.0	1854250.0	1545630.0	1610360.0	1219030.0	1469080.0	1364560.0	1373160.0	1737010.0	1415470.0	1510450.0	1818010.0	1667290.0	2031900.0	1600320.0	1285650.0	1524960.0	1316160.0	2043180.0	1462050.0	1728820.0	2640600.0	1314590.0	1814100.0	1428340.0	
135.0300982_MZ	Erythronic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Erythronic acid is a sugar component of aqueous humour (eye). It may be derived from glycated proteins or from degradation of ascorbic acid. Erythronic acid is a normal organic acid present in a healthy adult and pediatric population. It has been found in urine, plasma, CSF and synovial fluid. (PMID: 14708889, 8087979, 8376520, 10420182). Erythronic acid is formed when N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is oxidised. GlcNAc is a constituent of hyaluronic acid (HA), a polysaccharide consisting of alternating units of Glucuronic acid and GlcNAc, present as an aqueous solution in synovial fluid. In synovial fluid of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, HA is thought to be degraded either by radicals generated by Fenton chemistry (Fe2+/H2O2) or by NaOCl generated by myeloperoxidase. (PMID: 10614067).	C4H8O5, Threonic acid		None	None	None	261865.0	361376.0	314781.0	373533.0	275313.0	450900.0	293031.0	318014.0	441938.0	600592.0	402052.0	799381.0	486861.0	498136.0	186742.0	461560.0	347204.0	326366.0	364429.0	673111.0	400076.0	363064.0	353829.0	408430.0	555833.0	359024.0	339511.0	489216.0	681305.0	255696.0	380769.0	300055.0	333488.0	695476.0	485631.0	754500.0	492789.0	353119.0	509822.0	
135.0451688_MZ	Phenylacetic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenyl acetate (or phenylacetate) is a carboxylic acid ester that has been found in the biofluids of patients with nephritis and/or hepatitis as well as patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). Excess phenylalanine in the body can be disposed of through a transamination process leading to the production of phenylpyruvate. The phenylpyruvate can be further metabolized into a number of products. Decarboxylation of phenylpyruvate gives phenylacetate, while a reduction reaction gives phenyllactate. The phenylacetate can be further conjugated with glutamine to give phenylacetyl glutamine. All of these metabolites can be detected in serum and urine of PKU patients. Phenyl acetate is also produced endogenously as the metabolite of 2-Phenylethylamine, which is mainly metabolized by monoamine oxidase to form phenyl acetate. 2-phenylethylamine is an endogenous amphetamine which may modulate central adrenergic functions, and the urinary phenyl acetate levels have been postulated as a marker for depression. (PMID: 17978765, 476920, 6857245). Phenylacetate is also found in essential oils, e.g. neroli, rose oil, free and as esters' and in many fruits. As a result it is used as a perfumery and flavoring ingredient.	C8H8O2, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde		None	None	None	308999.0	339069.0	272428.0	232945.0	234786.0	358048.0	289700.0	329737.0	264942.0	295648.0	228548.0	278158.0	330410.0	307804.0	213545.0	307030.0	343535.0	321363.0	251203.0	293034.0	248488.0	406400.0	239714.0	340613.0	237448.0	309561.0	302845.0	276622.0	350414.0	262982.0	223648.0	279589.0	268487.0	260563.0	273288.0	339988.0	274426.0	247265.0	234661.0	
136.0412797_MZ	Trigonelline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Trigonelline is an alkaloid with chemical formula C7H7NO2 and CAS number 535-83-1. Trigonelline is a product of the metabolism of niacin (vitamin B3) which is excreted in the urine. It is also found in coffee, where it may help to prevent dental caries by preventing the bacteria Streptococcus mutans from adhering to teeth. Trigonelline occurs in many other plants, including fenugreek seeds, garden peas, hemp seed, oats and potatoes.	C7H7NO2, 3-Pyridylacetic acid, 2-Aminobenzoic acid, p-Aminobenzoic acid		None	None	None	18753.9	15989.0	17051.1	11977.9	15354.2	18072.9	19809.0	17394.3	14237.8	15450.3	13976.5	16887.3	14267.0	14286.9	19715.8	19388.4	14261.9	16848.4	20226.8	12424.4	13774.3	16074.7	14435.4	14825.5	13524.5	17776.3	17734.0	13654.5	16238.0	19894.8	15364.4	16664.6	11531.5	12513.6	13082.1	14397.5	15739.7	15075.5	13745.7	
136.0766207_MZ	Tyramine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	m-Tyramine is an amine derived from Tyrosine, Phenylethylamine and other catecholamines. (PMID 7335956).	C8H11NO, 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine, Dimethylaniline-N-oxide		None	None	None	3459.59	3084.65	3473.77	2685.57	3065.61	3116.8	2743.03	3406.12	3357.87	3003.36	3113.87	2764.19	3361.09	3110.36	2949.74	2682.47	3030.48	3314.24	2753.77	2915.89	3091.49	3239.91	2952.94	3606.47	3031.75	3238.68	3085.24	3197.23	3426.26	2847.3	2577.74	2645.35	3379.09	3095.06	3397.18	3384.14	2970.02	3228.24	3186.82	
137.0357944_MZ	Urocanic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Urocanic acid is a breakdown (deamination) product of histidine. In the liver, urocanic acid is an intermediate in the conversion of histidine to glutamic acid, whereas in the epidermis, it accumulates and may be both a UV protectant and an immunoregulator. Urocanic acid (UA) exists as a trans isomer (t-UA, approximately 30 mg/cm2) in the uppermost layer of the skin (stratum corneum). t-UA is formed as the cells of the second layer of skin become metabolically inactive. During this process, proteins and membranes degrade, histidine is released, and histidase (histidine ammonia lyase) catalyzes the deamination of histidine to form t-UA. t-UA accumulates in the epidermis until removal by either the monthly skin renewal cycle or sweat. Upon absorption of UV light, the naturally occurring t-UA isomerizes to its cis form, c-UA. Because DNA lesions (e.g., pyrimidine dimers) in the lower epidermis can result from UV-B absorption, initial research proposed that t-UA acted as a natural sunscreen absorbing UV-B in the stratum corneum before the damaging rays could penetrate into lower epidermal zones. Researchers have found that c-UA also suppresses contact hypersensitivity and delayed hypersensitivity, reduces the Langerhans cell count in the epidermis, prolongs skin-graft survival time, and affects natural killer cell activity.	C6H6N2O2, Nicotinamide N-oxide		None	None	None	193024.0	199540.0	185117.0	184607.0	178744.0	227472.0	193231.0	272200.0	191453.0	191393.0	197384.0	184531.0	188672.0	184436.0	181238.0	207092.0	200717.0	191564.0	198669.0	423075.0	196984.0	229071.0	187733.0	197139.0	190402.0	192099.0	195753.0	198419.0	198279.0	184566.0	181515.0	189953.0	202417.0	196572.0	199547.0	204599.0	197632.0	195237.0	200868.0	
137.0599096_MZ	Tyrosol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tyrosol is a phenolic compound present in two of the traditional components of the Mediterranean diet: wine and virgin olive oil. The presence of tyrosol has been described in red and white wines. Tyrosol is also present in vermouth and beer. Tyrosol has been shown to be able to exert antioxidant activity in vitro studies. Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) appears to occur predominantly in arterial intimae in microdomains sequestered from antioxidants of plasma. The antioxidant content of the LDL particle is critical for its protection. The ability of tyrosol to bind human LDL has been reported. The bioavailability of tyrosol in humans from virgin olive oil in its natural form has been demonstrated. Urinary tyrosol increases, reaching a peak at 0-4 h after virgin olive oil administration. Men and women show a different pattern of urinary excretion of tyrosol. Moreover, tyrosol is absorbed in a dose-dependent manner after sustained and moderate doses of virgin olive oil. Tyrosol from wine or virgin olive oil could exert beneficial effects on human health in vivo if its biological properties are confirmed. (PMID 15134375).	C8H10O2		None	None	None	29377.3	34109.7	38484.1	33480.6	38487.6	37881.6	32090.3	37431.4	33171.3	35790.3	46085.4	36212.7	30973.7	39161.0	30280.8	31975.7	30011.0	33640.3	29319.4	40807.7	35807.3	32500.3	30705.6	35838.8	32225.3	31126.5	29303.3	31558.1	38369.8	28031.3	28490.0	29355.7	33829.2	34119.6	31130.0	32286.3	30655.4	33509.3	40905.7	
137.0710963_MZ	L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-3-Amino-isobutanoic acid is a component of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism. It can also be used in pyrimidine metabolism. L-3-Amino-isobutanoic acid is produced from S-methylmalonate semialdehyde by the enzyme 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase.	C4H10N2O2, 2,4-Diaminobutyric acid		None	None	None	8544.9	8666.43	8639.05	7599.36	8651.88	9424.04	8598.75	9506.83	8099.11	8479.74	9225.23	8692.14	7731.58	8201.7	8988.85	9114.66	7747.7	8285.34	8954.4	8686.7	8765.01	9333.9	7467.78	8058.45	7946.19	8210.28	7890.16	7557.59	9219.33	8158.91	7917.83	7531.45	8448.81	8162.07	7990.46	8051.47	8500.9	7855.83	9135.37	
138.0200779_MZ	3-Hydroxypicolinic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxy picolinic acid is a picolinic acid derivative and is a member of the pyridine family. Picolinic acid is an isomer of nicotinic acid, which has the carboxyl side chain at the 3-position. It is a catabolite of the amino acid tryptophan.	C6H5NO3, 4-Nitrophenol, 6-Hydroxynicotinic acid		None	None	None	25981.0	28848.1	25705.0	27137.7	22899.3	26217.1	24531.3	30782.0	27348.6	26757.4	28344.7	16616.0	27305.9	25952.5	18762.7	29924.7	31525.2	30075.2	24980.8	19709.4	24044.0	36450.9	25626.2	31994.8	17136.5	26590.6	27166.5	19441.3	32270.5	27454.6	22836.9	28139.5	22443.5	18340.5	23247.3	18566.6	31502.7	26022.1	18146.3	
138.0558958_MZ	3,4-Dihydroxybenzylamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3,4-Dihydroxybenzylamine is an alternative substrates for dopamine that is a member of the catecholamine family in the brain, and is a precursor to epinephrine and norepinephrine. Catecholamines contain a catechol group, and are derived from the amino acid and tyrosine. They are produced mainly by the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. Catecholamine synthesis is inhibited by alpha-Methyltyrosine, by inhibiting tyrosine-3 monooxygenase.Wikipedia.	C7H9NO2		None	None	None	12779.9	14055.5	21261.1	12708.3	15206.4	15652.2	21388.3	14030.0	14679.6	18150.2	13759.9	20032.7	17510.8	17156.9	13504.6	11674.5	12815.6	16282.1	13085.8	16093.2	12760.9	10577.6	13368.4	14578.3	14790.0	14807.3	13722.5	12305.0	13918.6	19309.4	14189.0	11536.4	10818.0	13759.5	14606.5	15426.5	12143.5	13278.8	16099.7	
138.0668098_MZ	Histidinal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Histidinal is involved in the histidine biosynthesis I pathway. Histidinal is produced by the reaction between histidinol and NAD+, with NADH as a byproduct. The reaction is catalyzed by histidinol dehydrogenase. Histidinal reacts with NAD+ and H2O to produce L-histidine and NADH. Histidinol dehydrogenase catalyzes this reaction.	C6H9N3O		None	None	None	2636.23	3097.9	4143.97	2740.27	3213.99	3722.57	3835.67	3227.85	2951.05	3572.66	3697.5	3885.32	3213.73	3655.59	2764.1	2858.01	2611.15	2985.4	2828.34	3099.08	2911.22	2652.19	2661.62	3198.72	2802.37	3136.73	2809.25	2573.44	3226.8	3124.1	2657.33	2299.12	2703.06	2814.27	3018.73	3041.31	2512.4	2903.55	3366.15	
138.9792165_MZ	Acetylphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetylphosphate or actyl phosphate is a compound involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism as well as pyruvate metabolism. It is generated from sulfoacetaldehyde, converted to acetyl-CoA and acetate via phosphate acetyltransferase (EC:2.3.1.8) and acetate kinase (EC:2.7.2.1) respectively. It is also an intermediate in pyruvate metabolism. It is generated from pyruvate and the formation is catalyzed by pyruvate oxidase (EC:1.2.3.3).	C2H5O5P, Phosphonoacetate		None	None	None	37282.2	38282.1	35879.4	37070.8	37556.1	36678.9	38291.6	34608.6	40772.1	43969.8	40173.0	35063.6	37905.7	45202.9	35447.6	44973.2	41954.8	38353.2	40396.3	39449.7	38998.9	40954.5	41424.0	40389.3	40684.4	45624.6	40295.4	40987.7	40528.5	35909.9	37373.8	41020.0	43905.1	38287.4	39192.6	45271.9	44148.0	41675.5	38471.0	
139.9759985_MZ	Carbamoylphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Carbamoyl phosphate is a precursor of both arginine and pyrimidine biosynthesis. It is a labile and potentially toxic intermediate. Carbamoyl phosphate is a molecule that is involved in ridding the body of excess nitrogen in the urea cycle, and also in the synthesis of pyrimidines. It is produced from carbon dioxide, ammonia, and phosphate (from ATP) by the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase. -- Wikipedia.	CH4NO5P		None	None	None	5074.23	5177.49	4664.55	5197.56	5161.27	4860.45	5111.14	5486.36	5084.47	5753.79	5210.18	4928.08	5149.09	5219.13	5434.42	5738.22	5494.76	5188.35	4705.3	5181.77	5023.75	5256.74	5660.54	5367.77	4960.89	5135.91	4875.02	5185.22	4883.02	4417.2	5556.95	4803.35	6248.79	5014.2	4982.75	5008.04	5233.68	5531.41	5246.08	
140.0118208_MZ	O-Phosphoethanolamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphoethanolamine (PE) is a phosphomonoester metabolite of the phospholipid metabolism. PE is a precursor of phospholipid synthesis and a product of phospholipid breakdown. Phosphomonoesters are present at much higher levels in brain than in other organs. In developing brain, phosphomonoesters are normally elevated during the period of neuritic proliferation. This also coincides with the occurrence of normal programmed cell death and synaptic pruning in developing brain. These findings are consistent with the role of phosphomonoesters in membrane biosynthesis. PE shows a strong structural similarity to the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, and the GABAB receptor partial agonist, 3-amino-propylphosphonic acid. PE is a phosphomonoester which is decreased in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. (PMID: 7791524, 8588821, 11566853).	C2H8NO4P		None	None	None	61815.1	70452.8	84819.8	68692.0	53710.8	70310.6	64233.7	74351.8	68070.6	66128.6	58376.1	85197.5	149337.0	75867.8	44038.3	66998.5	65623.3	67370.6	60810.2	71010.5	72084.4	59098.0	58744.5	78479.7	53268.0	65633.8	44433.7	56664.3	49742.0	49321.8	53782.5	59960.3	47405.1	75931.3	78185.3	58196.1	53004.9	71606.8	69022.9	
140.0828828_MZ	L-Histidinol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Histidinol, a structural analogue of the essential amino acid L-histidine, enhances the toxicity of a variety of anticancer drugs for many tumor cells of animal origin. (PMID 8297120). L-histidinol inhibits human Myristoyl- CoA:protein-myristoyltransferase (hNMT) (an essential eukaryotic enzyme that catalyzes the cotranslational transfer of myristate to the NH2-terminal glycine residue of a number of important proteins of diverse function). (PMID 9778369).	C6H11N3O		None	None	None	1450.23	1600.43	1731.3	1775.27	1588.01	1496.11	1356.55	1621.22	1573.52	1670.27	1665.26	1668.81	1706.66	1633.2	1167.88	1446.03	1361.61	1706.17	1297.23	1650.55	1552.64	1598.45	1430.94	1744.64	3061.93	1516.5	1380.1	3819.62	1528.24	1559.48	1073.83	1234.82	1655.08	1661.42	1617.6	7207.63	1607.12	1397.65	1450.36	
141.0196635_MZ	cis-cis-Muconic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C6H6O4, Sumiki's acid, trans-trans-Muconic acid		None	None	None	236024.0	237590.0	233945.0	231967.0	227073.0	232107.0	227307.0	235029.0	242114.0	246724.0	245247.0	231949.0	236464.0	235331.0	211030.0	258285.0	249071.0	241088.0	238287.0	252091.0	244397.0	251152.0	236688.0	244324.0	243005.0	241413.0	236858.0	246033.0	241202.0	216930.0	204571.0	242301.0	265490.0	255893.0	250934.0	235690.0	240428.0	257329.0	254349.0	
141.0296281_MZ	5-Hydroxymethyluracil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C5H6N2O3		None	None	None	69247.4	73599.2	67819.0	67731.5	70593.3	65383.9	67722.9	70609.2	70963.5	73887.9	68386.2	74109.8	68535.0	66656.4	65262.7	81809.8	71591.1	69804.0	72144.3	68011.7	67668.5	77380.3	65742.6	66718.0	69395.7	67903.9	70259.8	71564.9	71232.9	64568.4	64494.5	65285.7	79691.5	74838.6	71800.4	68821.1	73096.1	72303.1	79716.3	
141.0553976_MZ	D-Threitol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Threitol can be regarded as the main end product of D-xylose metabolism in man. Threitol is a C4-polyol (tetritol); the total C4-polyol concentration of threitol decreases with age. Several inborn errors of metabolism with abnormal polyol concentrations in body fluids are known to date (such as pentosuria and galactosemia). Most of these defects can be diagnosed by the assessment of urinary concentrations of polyols. Several studies have revealed that urinary levels of some polyols may vary in diseases associated with carbohydrate metabolism derangements such as diabetes mellitus and uremia. The abnormal occurrence of various polyols in diseases with a specific enzyme deficiency such as pentosuria4 and galactosemias has also been reported. (PMID: 908147, 16435188, 14988808, Analytical Sciences (1990), 6(5), 657-66.).	C4H10O4, Erythritol		None	None	None	7089.82	8053.53	10804.4	8479.91	9015.26	9451.18	8568.56	8680.11	8047.43	9056.59	10867.1	8229.87	7643.38	10779.3	7552.21	7099.9	7139.87	8478.27	7195.57	8131.81	8439.05	8296.78	7397.16	9913.67	7526.36	7636.13	6885.61	7034.5	9030.57	6192.43	7265.71	7200.45	7749.98	7184.6	7125.3	8002.82	8277.08	8180.67	9442.82	
141.0918344_MZ	2-Octenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Octenoic acid is a normal organic acid produced by hepatic microsomal oxidation of aliphatic aldehydes and is a metabolite naturally found in the urine and plasma. (PMID 1883862, 8087979, 4086594, 1417834, 6480773).	C8H14O2, trans-2-Octenoic acid		None	None	None	16653.5	22504.6	25140.8	21139.9	25019.7	32159.1	17984.9	16652.4	21201.3	23599.7	36586.8	19645.8	20687.1	26813.6	14333.9	12724.3	13705.7	14722.7	15720.8	17115.5	26466.5	17132.3	17211.5	23808.8	17614.7	17103.3	13848.0	15469.2	29415.0	13942.9	17043.3	15186.3	14847.5	18405.0	16183.4	20404.5	18383.7	19800.5	24203.0	
142.0508508_MZ	Vinylacetylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Vinylacetylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Vinylacetylglycine is a human metabolite that had been identified in a GC/MS urine screen. Increased amounts of this metabolite in the urine has been linked to a metabolomic disorder termed Isovaleric acidemia. (Gas-Chromatographic Method of Analysis for Urinary Organic Acids. I. Retention indices of 155 metaboically Important Compounds; Kay Tanaka, David G. Hine, Agnes West-Dull, and Theodore B. Lynn.).	C6H9NO3		None	None	None	15111.0	9005.84	11490.3	15315.4	9094.01	12364.8	9783.45	10467.6	10504.5	7792.96	9467.54	11913.9	10565.6	8234.67	15444.8	11526.9	10962.7	9243.85	7705.68	9929.73	12826.4	7995.47	10069.8	11844.2	8790.98	8293.41	10333.9	10622.0	14233.8	10427.0	10700.1	8675.18	7786.01	8004.18	11836.2	9918.87	10063.9	10665.7	8341.08	
143.0349331_MZ	3-Hexenedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hexenedioic acid is a normal human unsaturated dicarboxylic acid metabolite with increased excretion in patients with Dicarboxylic aciduria caused by fatty acid metabolism disorders. (PMID 2614263, 7096501) The urinary excretion of 3-Hexenedioic acid is increased in conditions of augmented mobilization of fatty acids or inhibited fatty acid oxidation. (PMID 2001377).	C6H8O4, 3-Methylglutaconic acid, (E)-2-Methylglutaconic acid, trans-2-Hexenedioic acid		None	None	None	70820.0	51996.9	66259.7	52188.4	63537.0	101501.0	64788.8	52092.9	66643.4	85943.2	72415.4	79965.5	56820.5	78626.9	61075.0	90312.0	88550.1	68126.7	77411.4	66015.0	70433.8	56695.0	48312.7	79565.3	65031.1	64314.1	80035.8	75832.6	76347.8	54836.9	53830.0	62146.4	47735.5	69009.7	70892.3	90298.5	87094.0	65461.8	67864.4	
143.0712224_MZ	4-Hydroxycyclohexylcarboxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Hydroxycyclohexylcarboxylic acid is a rare compound in urinary organic acid analysis.	C7H12O3		None	None	None	19031.7	17935.5	50087.8	18477.5	20384.5	21257.0	27209.9	38793.9	16404.0	16330.0	18977.0	12461.3	16141.9	34655.0	20937.7	18844.2	16913.0	36914.9	16309.9	13870.5	15757.9	19418.5	16163.2	26298.2	12852.5	20587.1	22418.6	13523.6	19540.9	15436.9	14512.0	23037.0	18936.0	14084.5	14631.2	14908.1	19256.2	15201.6	15195.4	
143.1076499_MZ	Caprylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Caprylic acid is the common name for the eight-carbon straight chain fatty acid known by the systematic name octanoic acid. It is found naturally in coconuts and breast milk. It is an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant rancid taste that is minimally soluble in water. Caprylic acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes. (wikipedia).	C8H16O2, Valproic acid		None	None	None	39267.8	44026.2	39156.7	39646.2	33459.1	41260.4	35640.6	42990.6	36555.4	39024.4	39512.6	31400.6	38748.4	39087.1	29380.7	48661.2	37222.4	40843.7	36214.3	33940.3	37960.7	57190.9	32926.0	46677.5	33977.3	35786.9	39933.1	36243.3	41653.9	40169.4	31885.8	40609.0	40868.0	32987.2	33759.0	43753.2	44637.4	35207.0	35071.0	
144.0301812_MZ	2-Keto-glutaramic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	deaminated metabolite of glutamine in csf of patients with hepatic coma; intermediate in the detoxification of ammonia in brain; structure.	C5H7NO4		None	None	None	4850.44	5167.0	4896.52	4101.41	5330.63	5177.83	4885.25	4998.46	4562.2	4210.78	4876.05	3457.1	4387.64	4504.84	4865.29	4416.17	3866.43	4426.55	4710.96	4069.23	4927.73	4156.34	4499.96	4557.39	3898.98	5219.52	5409.38	4566.92	5817.98	5050.75	5278.41	4120.0	3778.3	3739.4	3787.69	4493.81	4441.26	3731.83	4002.26	
144.0568800_MZ	5-Methylcytosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Methylcytosine is a methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic DNA. In animals, the DNA methylation of cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine is found primarily in the palindromic sequence CpG. In plants, the methylated sequence is CpNpGp, where N can be any base. -- Pubchem; 5-Methylcytosine is a methylated form of cytosine in which a methyl group is attached to carbon 5, altering its structure without altering its base-pairing properties. -- Wikipedia; 5-Methylcytosine is an epigenetic modification formed by the action of DNA methyltransferases. In bacteria, 5-methylcytosine can be found at a variety of sites, and is often used as a marker to protect DNA from being cut by native methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes. In plants, 5-methylcytosine occurs at both CpG and CpNpG sequences. In fungi and animals, 5-methylcytosine predominately occurs at CpG dinucleotides. Although most eukaryotes methylate only a small percentage of these sites, in vertebrates 70-80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. -- Wikipedia.	C5H7N3O, 2-O-Methylcytosine		None	None	None	5894.39	5122.02	7611.14	7239.36	3815.2	4686.1	5565.36	4774.55	4471.77	4768.33	5355.81	4000.43	5396.72	5323.41	5417.18	4619.32	3834.66	4389.93	3421.59	3417.4	4296.72	4498.67	4169.16	4932.77	6200.77	4109.14	5032.65	3308.51	5273.19	5740.9	4318.57	4741.32	3530.68	3817.33	4263.15	3285.62	4220.59	4387.74	4039.66	
144.0666377_MZ	Allysine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Allysine is a derivative of Lysine, used in the production of elastin and collagen. It is produced by the actions of the enzyme lysyl oxidase in the extracellular matrix and is essential in the crosslink formation that stabilizes collagen and elastin.	C6H11NO3, 4-Acetamidobutanoic acid, 2-Keto-6-aminocaproate, (S)-5-Amino-3-oxohexanoate		None	None	None	60363.0	54410.6	61175.3	82675.8	54980.9	51630.0	47396.9	35195.9	54731.2	49851.1	34409.3	28841.3	72217.5	55282.0	77226.0	76572.6	49002.4	38612.6	31130.7	34089.3	53311.3	31955.5	86526.8	56907.8	32440.1	44967.2	45143.6	58195.9	50126.1	37888.6	80246.3	34012.9	36318.5	31477.6	46926.1	42976.7	51116.1	43170.7	34974.6	
144.1029393_MZ	3-Dehydroxycarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Dehydroxycarnitine is an acylcarnitine. Numerous disorders have been described that lead to disturbances in energy production and in intermediary metabolism in the organism which are characterized by the production and excretion of unusual acylcarnitines. A mutation in the gene coding for carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase or the OCTN2 transporter aetiologically causes a carnitine deficiency that results in poor intestinal absorption of dietary L-carnitine, its impaired reabsorption by the kidney and, consequently, in increased urinary loss of L-carnitine. Determination of the qualitative pattern of acylcarnitines can be of diagnostic and therapeutic importance. The betaine structure of carnitine requires special analytical procedures for recording. The ionic nature of L-carnitine causes a high water solubility which decreases with increasing chain length of the ester group in the acylcarnitines. Therefore, the distribution of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in various organs is defined by their function and their physico-chemical properties as well. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) permits screening for free and total carnitine, as well as complete quantitative acylcarnitine determination, including the long-chain acylcarnitine profile. (PMID: 17508264, Monatshefte fuer Chemie (2005), 136(8), 1279-1291., Int J Mass Spectrom. 1999;188:39-52.).	C7H15NO2		None	None	None	3390.95	2175.66	1833.04	3100.64	1847.53	3067.28	1199.42	5553.66	4515.05	1932.38	5183.86	3718.75	4989.64	3369.37	2119.47	3043.93	1541.3	2454.06	2151.56	2613.11	2516.55	2940.43	2731.33	3091.26	3090.61	3825.01	2106.22	2779.21	2822.67	2528.56	1842.41	2273.23	2588.21	1601.09	3505.22	3442.36	2362.81	3064.41	2378.2	
145.0141831_MZ	Oxoglutaric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alpha-ketoglutaric acid is an important biological compound and is a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle. Alpha-ketoglutaric acid occurs naturally within cells. One of its functions is to combine with ammonia to form glutamic acid and then glutamine. Another function is to combine with nitrogen released in the cell, therefore preventing nitrogen overload. (wikipedia).	C5H6O5		None	None	None	27908.8	62839.4	54783.6	73754.0	39122.9	32963.2	44557.7	35167.8	40730.7	68399.7	38832.7	128077.0	55023.0	62252.4	39745.3	21085.6	33843.5	43154.4	30483.4	87165.7	35287.1	41440.3	44938.2	50501.1	85541.8	55222.5	26071.0	54020.6	35308.4	43712.2	53817.1	25162.5	34429.4	123857.0	42164.9	72204.6	38099.5	30034.3	91107.2	
145.0504303_MZ	Adipic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adipic acid is an important inudstrial dicarboxylic acid with about 2.5 billion kilograms produced per year. It is used mainly in the production of nylon. It occurs relatively rarely in nature. It has a tart taste and is also used as an additive and gelling agent in jello or gelatins. It is also used in some calcium carbonate antacids to make them tart. Adipic acid has also been incorporated into controlled-release formulation matrix tablets to obtain pH-independent release for both weakly basic and weakly acidic drugs. Adipic acid in the urine and in the blood is typically exogenous in origin and is a good biomarker of jello consumption. In fact, a condition known as adipic aciduria is actually an artifact of jello consumption (PMID: 1779643). However, certain disorders (such as diabetes and glutaric aciduria type I.) can lead to elevated levels of adipic acid snd other dicarboxcylic acids (such as suberic acid) in urine (PMID: 17520433; PMID: 6778884).	C6H10O4, 2-Methylglutaric acid, Methylglutaric acid, Monomethyl glutaric acid, 2,2-Dimethylsuccinic acid, Solerol, (S)-2-Aceto-2-hydroxybutanoic acid		None	None	None	43472.1	38651.5	54321.3	58360.2	27540.4	37239.1	34753.7	46760.8	37811.0	33259.4	38665.4	40002.3	41616.7	35953.3	39921.8	33036.2	34275.9	35055.6	32920.8	28012.3	33735.6	34318.8	37214.4	42230.0	30587.5	35428.0	39240.5	27072.0	49200.7	35329.1	44210.4	41511.2	27148.1	37843.5	40272.2	34118.3	41604.2	34355.1	28771.8	
145.0619989_MZ	L-Glutamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glutamine (Gln) is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the standard genetic code. Its side chain is an amide; it is formed by replacing a side-chain hydroxyl of glutamic acid with an amine functional group. glutamine is found in foods high in proteins, such as fish, red meat, beans, and dairy products. glutamine is a supplement that is used in weightlifting, bodybuilding, endurance and other sports, as well as by those who suffer from muscular cramps or pain particularly elderly people. The main use of glutamine within the diet of either group is as a means of replenishing the body's stores of amino acids that have been used during exercise or everyday activities. Studies which are looking into problems with excessive consumption of glutamine thus far have proved inconclusive. However, normal supplementation is healthy mainly because glutamine is supposed to be supplemented after prolonged periods of exercise (for example, a workout or exercise in which amino acids are required for use) and replenishes amino acid stores; this being the main reason glutamine is recommended during fasting or for people who suffer from physical trauma, immune deficiencies, or cancer. There is a significant body of evidence that links glutamine-enriched diets with intestinal effects; aiding maintenance of gut barrier function, intestinal cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as generally reducing septic morbidity and the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The reason for such cleansing properties is thought to stem from the fact that the intestinal extraction rate of glutamine is higher than that for other amino acids, and is therefore thought to be the most viable option when attempting to alleviate conditions relating to the gastrointestinal tract. These conditions were discovered after comparing plasma concentration within the gut between glutamine-enriched and non glutamine-enriched diets. However, even though glutamine is thought to have cleansing properties and effects, it is unknown to what extent glutamine has clinical benefits, due to the varied concentrations of glutamine in varieties of food. It is also known that glutamine has various effects in reducing healing time after operations. Hospital waiting times after abdominal surgery are reduced by providing parenteral nutrition regimens containing amounts of glutamine to patients. Clinical trials have revealed that patients on supplementation regimes containing glutamine have improved nitrogen balances, generation of cysteinyl-leukotrienes from polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes and improved lymphocyte recovery and intestinal permeability (in postoperative patients) - in comparison to those who had no glutamine within their dietary regime; all without any side-effects. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glutamine).	C5H10N2O3, Ureidoisobutyric acid, Alanylglycine		None	None	None	2892810.0	2104710.0	2040790.0	2555170.0	2187330.0	2246170.0	2106970.0	3295480.0	1938770.0	1855290.0	3492450.0	3738730.0	1928900.0	2678750.0	2394420.0	2405400.0	2903460.0	2290910.0	3570250.0	2108110.0	2106370.0	2575570.0	1717380.0	2574130.0	2942160.0	2317130.0	2873030.0	2310800.0	2585230.0	2365960.0	2578510.0	3574680.0	1836530.0	2742670.0	2076570.0	3869150.0	3492660.0	1943310.0	2112260.0	
145.0981660_MZ	L-Lysine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-lysine is an essential amino acid. Normal requirements for lysine have been found to be about 8 g per day or 12 mg/kg in adults. Children and infants need more- 44 mg/kg per day for an eleven to-twelve-year old, and 97 mg/kg per day for three-to six-month old. Lysine is highly concentrated in muscle compared to most other amino acids. Lysine is high in foods such as wheat germ, cottage cheese and chicken. Of meat products, wild game and pork have the highest concentration of lysine. Fruits and vegetables contain little lysine, except avocados. Normal lysine metabolism is dependent upon many nutrients including niacin, vitamin B6, riboflavin, vitamin C, glutamic acid and iron. Excess arginine antagonizes lysine. Several inborn errors of lysine metabolism are known. Most are marked by mental retardation with occasional diverse symptoms such as absence of secondary sex characteristics, undescended testes, abnormal facial structure, anemia, obesity, enlarged liver and spleen, and eye muscle imbalance. Lysine also may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of osteoporosis. Although high protein diets result in loss of large amounts of calcium in urine, so does lysine deficiency. Lysine may be an adjunct therapy because it reduces calcium losses in urine. Lysine deficiency also may result in immunodeficiency. Requirements for this amino acid are probably increased by stress. Lysine toxicity has not occurred with oral doses in humans. Lysine dosages are presently too small and may fail to reach the concentrations necessary to prove potential therapeutic applications. Lysine metabolites, amino caproic acid and carnitine have already shown their therapeutic potential. Thirty grams daily of amino caproic acid has been used as an initial daily dose in treating blood clotting disorders, indicating that the proper doses of lysine, its precursor, have yet to be used in medicine. Low lysine levels have been found in patients with Parkinson's, hypothyroidism, kidney disease, asthma and depression. The exact significance of these levels is unclear, yet lysine therapy can normalize the level and has been associated with improvement of some patients with these conditions. Abnormally elevated hydroxylysines have been found in virtually all chronic degenerative diseases and coumadin therapy. The levels of this stress marker may be improved by high doses of vitamin C. Lysine is particularly useful in therapy for marasmus (wasting) and herpes simplex. It stops the growth of herpes simplex in culture, and has helped to reduce the number and occurrence of cold sores in clinical studies. Dosing has not been adequately studied, but beneficial clinical effects occur in doses ranging from 100 mg to 4 g a day. Higher doses may also be useful, and toxicity has not been reported in doses as high as 8 g per day. Diets high in lysine and low in arginine can be useful in the prevention and treatment of herpes. Some researchers think herpes simplex virus is involved in many other diseases related to cranial nerves such as migraines, Bell's palsy and Meniere's disease. Herpes blister fluid will produce fatal encephalitis in the rabbit. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C6H14N2O2, (3S)-3,6-Diaminohexanoate, (3S,5S)-3,5-Diaminohexanoate		None	None	None	474734.0	438383.0	356367.0	321362.0	356768.0	479200.0	410917.0	411129.0	363484.0	302847.0	434033.0	440009.0	358993.0	409665.0	730173.0	376576.0	371455.0	441594.0	426025.0	411041.0	449284.0	338946.0	351198.0	463523.0	399467.0	443165.0	392435.0	467524.0	493626.0	453663.0	439213.0	365697.0	341972.0	313907.0	359264.0	681766.0	445338.0	322339.0	375673.0	
146.0254799_MZ	Indole-5,6-quinone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Indole-5,6-quinone is involved in the tyrosine metabolism pathway. More specifically, indole-5,6-quinone is an intermediate in the production of melanin. Indole-5,6-quinone is produced from 5,6-dihydroxyindole by tyrosinase [EC:1.14.18.1].	C8H5NO2		None	None	None	31471.1	28612.2	25280.1	24680.8	25564.7	28422.5	24819.1	27860.1	26675.0	24907.7	26881.2	25973.4	29324.4	26345.2	24103.2	33718.0	26461.3	29877.5	28040.8	27229.5	26344.6	28761.1	26391.8	27983.5	25296.6	27209.5	29032.8	29915.6	28444.5	24141.0	24735.5	27171.1	28096.9	26228.1	24628.6	33005.0	27742.9	26168.7	29311.2	
146.0459018_MZ	L-Glutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. It is not among the essential amino acids. Glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids, which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles in the body. Glutamate is the most abundant fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, it is believed that glutamic acid is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. Glutamate transporters are found in neuronal and glial membranes. They rapidly remove glutamate from the extracellular space. In brain injury or disease, they can work in reverse and excess glutamate can accumulate outside cells. This process causes calcium ions to enter cells via NMDA receptor channels, leading to neuronal damage and eventual cell death, and is called excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of cell death include: * Damage to mitochondria from excessively high intracellular Ca2+. * Glu/Ca2+-mediated promotion of transcription factors for pro-apoptotic genes, or downregulation of transcription factors for anti-apoptotic genes. Excitotoxicity due to glutamate occurs as part of the ischemic cascade and is associated with stroke and diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimer's disease. glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous depolarization around one second apart, and this firing pattern is similar to what is known as paroxysmal depolarizing shift in epileptic attacks. This change in the resting membrane potential at seizure foci could cause spontaneous opening of voltage activated calcium channels, leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid).	C5H9NO4, N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid, N-Acetylserine, O-Acetylserine, L-4-Hydroxyglutamate semialdehyde		None	None	None	1104830.0	1154120.0	967823.0	788695.0	915405.0	621750.0	916433.0	1607560.0	730515.0	676849.0	879283.0	881502.0	1922420.0	1185620.0	606573.0	1023930.0	705916.0	775021.0	804499.0	986837.0	858264.0	1102070.0	1377910.0	1108610.0	715047.0	855045.0	1058870.0	1021800.0	954463.0	1159840.0	841871.0	1182820.0	1000510.0	1039470.0	754760.0	1367900.0	870527.0	929692.0	1000670.0	
147.0298102_MZ	D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-xylonolactone is a lactone derivative of xylonic acid. It is an intermediate in the pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathway and can be formed from either D-xylonic acid or D-xylose. D-xylose is a simple 5 carbon sugar that is found in a variety of edible plants. It is also frequently used in intestinal absorption tests to help diagnose problems that prevent the small intestine from absorbing nutrients in food. Xylose is also the first saccharide added to the serine or threonine in the proteoglycan type O-glycosylation and so it is the first saccharide in biosynthetic pathways of most anionic polysaccharides such as heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. D-xylose is normally easily absorbed by the intestines where it can be converted to D-xylonolactone by intestinal D-xylose 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.175).	C5H8O5, Citramalic acid, 3-Hydroxyglutaric acid, D-Xylono-1,5-lactone, L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid, Ribonolactone		None	None	None	138206.0	92008.0	219098.0	292650.0	135668.0	181390.0	157769.0	81828.0	149742.0	150871.0	175805.0	93470.4	206392.0	117456.0	52386.5	67248.5	113427.0	103679.0	126328.0	114010.0	116027.0	91194.4	93721.5	119668.0	80557.2	80604.7	110970.0	111181.0	152002.0	126732.0	122110.0	123414.0	78604.0	88170.2	84019.9	132617.0	145281.0	135809.0	106788.0	
147.0662557_MZ	Mevalonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Mevalonic acid is a key organic compound in biochemistry. It is a precursor in the biosynthetic pathway, known as the HMG-CoA reductase pathway, that produces terpenes and steroids. Mevalonate is produced by NADPH from 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA via reduction. This reaction occurs in the cytosol. It is the committed step in cholesterol synthesis, -- Wikipedia The production of mevalonic acid (MVA) by the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, is the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. (Jemal et. al, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2003, 17:1715) Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of MVA are decreased by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs such as pravastatin, simvastatin and atorvastatin. Naoumova RP, Marais AD, Mountney J, Firth JC, Rendell NB, Taylor GW, Thompson GR. Atherosclerosis 1996; 119: 203.	C6H12O4, (R) 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylvalerate		None	None	None	35346.0	30409.8	30559.7	35294.5	29308.1	35899.9	27101.1	40701.0	27307.9	31285.8	47534.6	39425.3	39031.8	34006.3	29997.0	32501.3	33577.0	27740.4	38637.6	28756.6	34833.9	33926.9	28694.8	34583.4	32562.5	29935.0	32864.9	29089.2	56278.5	29698.4	35535.5	39380.8	24802.5	31797.1	27904.4	42206.7	39625.3	26145.4	28449.4	
147.1177137_MZ	Octanal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Octanal is a substrate for Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase and Alcohol dehydrogenase.	C8H16O		None	None	None	897.919	1179.8	1468.95	1172.57	1695.75	1491.16	1081.29	889.157	1182.99	1117.35	1915.12	1560.94	1124.94	1485.2	898.651	947.147	862.184	1054.45	816.731	1163.14	1544.25	770.657	1033.0	1207.06	1176.45	1059.53	927.211	1063.11	1632.77	891.176	1002.08	819.826	947.263	1222.66	1136.25	1211.86	991.271	1006.54	1397.63	
148.0438526_MZ	L-Methionine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methionine is a dietary indispensable amino acid required for normal growth and development of humans, other mammals, and avian species. In addition to being a substrate for protein synthesis, it is an intermediate in transmethylation reactions, serving as the major methyl group donor in vivo, including the methyl groups for DNA and RNA intermediates. Methionine is a methyl acceptor for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyl transferase (methionine synthase), the only reaction that allows for the recycling of this form of folate, and is also a methyl acceptor for the catabolism of betaine. Methionine is also required for synthesis of cysteine. Methionine is accepted as the metabolic precursor for cysteine. Only the sulfur atom from methionine is transferred to cysteine; the carbon skeleton of cysteine is donated by serine. (PMID 16702340). The adequacy range of dietary requirements of specific amino acids in disease states is difficult to determine. Requirements may not be similar in disease with regard to protein synthesis. Requirements for this purpose can be assessed only when such a function can be measured and related to clinical outcome. There is apparent consensus concerning normal sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirements. WHO recommendations amount to 13 mg/kg per 24 h in healthy adults. This amount is roughly doubled in artificial nutrition regimens. In disease or after trauma, requirements may be altered for methionine, cysteine, and taurine. Although in specific cases of congenital enzyme deficiency, prematurity, or diminished liver function, hypermethionemia or hyperhomocysteinemia may occur, SAA supplementation can be considered safe in amounts exceeding 2-3 times the minimal recommended daily intake. Apart from some very specific indications (e.g., acetaminophen poisoning) the usefulness of SAA supplementation is not yet established.(PMID 16702341). Methionine is known to exacerbate psychopathological symptoms in schizophrenic patients, there is no evidence of similar effects in healthy subjects. The role of methionine as a precursor of homocysteine is the most notable cause for concern. A loading dose of methionine (0.1 g/kg) has been given, and the resultant acute increase in plasma homocysteine has been used as an index of the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. Although this procedure results in vascular dysfunction, this is acute and unlikely to result in permanent damage. However, a 10-fold larger dose, given mistakenly, resulted in death. Longer-term studies in adults have indicated no adverse consequences of moderate fluctuations in dietary methionine intake, but intakes higher than 5 times normal resulted in elevated homocysteine levels. These effects of methionine on homocysteine and vascular function are moderated by supplements of vitamins B-6, B-12, C, and folic acid. In infants, methionine intakes of 2 to 5 times normal resulted in impaired growth and extremely high plasma methionine levels, but no adverse long-term consequences were observed. (PMID 16702346).	C5H11NO2S		None	None	None	28740.2	48568.0	34845.8	22631.6	26264.0	34721.9	33104.8	21707.7	30907.8	28673.6	30868.5	36980.8	32363.8	31503.0	36148.2	29053.2	37652.4	34525.7	32383.9	22879.7	31347.7	27938.5	26820.8	32087.2	23831.2	39103.3	29263.0	29661.7	34074.0	30393.4	24792.9	24212.4	24061.2	22141.7	32128.2	45590.1	33508.5	24144.9	36285.2	
148.0626493_MZ	6-Methyladenine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	6-Methyladenine is a methylated adenine residue. The formation of internal 6-methyladenine (m6A) residues in eucaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) is a postsynthetic modification in which S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) serves as the methyl donor. 6-Methyladenine residues have also been localized to heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA), and for the most part these residues are conserved during mRNA processing. Although the biological significance of internal adenine methylation in eucaryotic mRNA remains unclear, a great deal of research has indicated that this modification may be required for mRNA transport to the cytoplasm, the selection of splice sites or other RNA processing reactions. The presence of m6A residues increases the in vitro translation efficiency of dihydrofolate reductase; an inhibition of m6A residues in dihydrofolate reductase transcripts significantly alters their rate of translation. m6A is found in many human fluids: oviductal fluid, blood plasma and urine. (PMID: 1551452, 8925412, 10481270, 16083005, 16684535, 3506820, 3728186).	C6H7N5, 3-Methyladenine, 1-Methyladenine, 7-Methyladenine		None	None	None	8117.92	8722.81	8344.14	8074.4	8130.34	7853.32	8855.64	9241.26	11753.7	7973.54	8737.81	8406.4	9316.81	8187.24	8055.77	6968.69	8123.9	8684.51	7550.86	7687.36	8476.73	7956.71	8942.46	8825.99	8142.97	9175.94	8456.95	8828.0	9516.91	8587.82	9965.18	8142.11	9417.04	8243.29	8531.89	10551.8	8607.82	7619.27	8395.12	
149.0456494_MZ	D-Ribose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-ribose is commonly referred to simply as ribose, a five-carbon sugar found in all living cells. Ribose is not an essential nutrient because it can be synthesized by almost every tissue in the body from other substances, such as glucose. It is vital for life as a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP, and AMP. In nature, small amounts of ribose can be found in ripe fruits and vegetables. Brewer's yeast, which has a high concentration of RNA, is another rich source of ribose. D-ribose is also a component of many so-called energy drinks and antiaging products available on the market today. Ribose is a structural component of ATP, which is the primary energy source for exercising muscle. The adenosine component is an adenine base attached to the five-carbon sugar ribose. ATP provides energy to working muscles by releasing a phosphate group, hence becoming ADP, which in turn may release a phosphate group, then becoming AMP. During intense muscular activity, the total amount of ATP available is quickly depleted. In an effort to correct this imbalance, AMP is broken down in the muscle and secreted from the cell. Once the breakdown products of AMP are released from the cell, the energy potential (TAN pool) of the muscle is reduced and ATP must then be reformed using ribose. Ribose helps restore the level of adenine nucleotides by bypassing the rate-limiting step in the de novo (oxidative pentose phosphate) pathway, which regenerates 5-phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate (PRPP), the essential precursor for ATP. If ribose is not readily available to a cell, glucose may be converted to ribose. Ribose supplementation has been shown to increase the rate of ATP resynthesis following intense exercise. The use of ribose in men with severe coronary artery disease resulted in improved exercise tolerance. Hence, there is interest in the potential of ribose supplements to boost muscular performance in athletic activities. (PMID: 17618002, Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 Jul;6(4):254-7.).	C5H10O5, D-Xylose, 2-Deoxyribonic acid, D-Ribulose, L-Arabinose, L-Threo-2-pentulose, D-Xylulose, L-Ribulose, Beta-D-ribopyranose, Arabinofuranose		None	None	None	13208.7	12980.9	12033.6	12915.7	11556.3	16947.6	11493.2	10750.3	12453.6	13706.7	12835.2	13078.7	13788.5	13487.5	15855.2	13022.3	13116.7	12201.4	14495.5	9775.11	11182.8	11066.5	11398.3	13687.7	11610.8	15946.7	12573.3	14634.9	16074.6	11556.3	13269.1	11161.5	9079.45	11435.0	12707.9	17717.8	17251.7	10848.2	10081.7	
149.0586698_MZ	Hydrocinnamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydrocinnamic acid is an analogue of phenylalanine. It is a substrate of the enzyme oxidoreductases [EC 1.14.12.-] in the pathway phenylalanine metabolism (KEGG).	C9H10O2, 3-Methylphenylacetic acid, 4-Coumaryl alcohol, 2-Phenylpropionate		None	None	None	10220.6	12735.7	18262.7	12494.0	11776.9	15448.6	14876.1	14457.9	11598.7	14182.3	17716.9	14392.0	11391.0	17372.3	11211.9	7926.35	10828.3	12761.2	8480.49	11153.1	11886.2	11638.0	10880.6	15157.0	11455.8	12034.3	9935.09	9223.89	13985.4	7950.99	10981.1	10353.7	12031.8	11260.4	9010.93	13044.5	8920.69	10149.1	14019.8	
149.0970810_MZ	(+)-(S)-Carvone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Carvone is a volatile terpenoid. Carvone is found in many essential oils and is very abundant in the seeds of caraway (Carum carvi). Carvone is occasionally found as a component of biological fluids in normal individuals. Caraway was used for medicinal purposes by the ancient Romans, but carvone was probably not isolated as a pure compound until Varrentrapp obtained it in1841. (PMID: 5556886, 2477620, Wikipedia).	C10H14O		None	None	None	8444.27	9728.69	13806.0	9820.68	12590.6	12251.2	10462.6	10752.3	10141.7	10646.8	15806.6	11109.5	9067.56	12835.9	8111.52	7987.29	8591.24	10461.0	8671.81	9845.6	12099.4	8750.57	9043.18	12176.0	9926.85	9876.27	8747.71	9042.15	12554.2	7888.19	8835.21	9029.67	9674.82	10850.4	7974.25	9912.63	8691.18	10133.7	13102.6	
150.0901321_MZ	N-Methylphenylethanolamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Methylphenylethanolamine is an intermediate in the metabolism of Tyrosine. It is a substrate for Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase.	C9H13NO		None	None	None	1570.12	1392.43	1499.98	1522.49	1311.52	1479.25	1389.51	1630.84	1382.4	1489.71	1381.48	1161.81	1365.12	1388.4	1598.52	1524.45	1434.83	1442.58	1091.9	1578.84	1392.0	1540.81	1483.72	1680.03	1528.72	1538.91	1339.57	1583.19	1611.06	1192.12	1262.74	1379.02	1581.2	1316.17	1502.86	1348.84	1369.39	1541.72	1383.2	
151.0260914_MZ	Xanthine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Xanthine is a purine base found in most body tissues and fluids, certain plants, and some urinary calculi. It is an intermediate in the degradation of adenosine monophosphate to uric acid, being formed by oxidation of hypoxanthine. The methylated xanthine compounds caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline and their derivatives are used in medicine for their bronchodilator effects. (Dorland, 28th ed.).	C5H4N4O2, 6,8-Dihydroxypurine		None	None	None	163080.0	179588.0	203327.0	205662.0	198624.0	525026.0	280615.0	136217.0	359591.0	607094.0	242517.0	547395.0	220301.0	380223.0	256361.0	671438.0	396890.0	382354.0	276587.0	299083.0	303088.0	161604.0	463591.0	371136.0	439453.0	334565.0	472405.0	355066.0	428162.0	154606.0	653670.0	295899.0	280374.0	358136.0	300367.0	418000.0	411279.0	402761.0	181648.0	
151.0764184_MZ	Hydroxyisocaproic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxyisocaproic acid is an end product of leucine metabolism in human tissues such as muscle and connective tissue. It belongs to 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid group of amino acid metabolites (PMID 6434570 ). Hydroxyisocaproic acid functions as an ‰ÛÏanti-catabolite‰Û� and is widely used in the body building community.  Chronic alpha-hydroxyisocaproic acid treatment of rats has been shown to improve muscle recovery after immobilization-induced atrophy (PMID: 23757407).  Additionally, a 4-week hydroxyisocaproic acid supplementation of 1.5 g a day was shown to lead to increases in muscle mass during an intensive training period among soccer athletes (PMID: 20051111). Hydroxyisocaproic acid  has also shown some potential as a topical antibiotic (PMID: 22483561). Elevated levels of 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid have been found in the urine of patients with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) deficiency (PMID: 6688766).  Hydroxyisocaproic acid is also elevated in Maple Syrup urine disease and has been shown to accelerate lipid peroxidation.  It may also be an indicator of oxidative stress (PMID: 11894849).	C6H12O3, 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, (5R)-5-Hydroxyhexanoic acid, 5-Hydroxyhexanoic acid, D-Leucic acid, Leucinic acid, 2-Hydroxycaproic acid, 2-Ethyl-2-Hydroxybutyric acid, (R)-3-Hydroxyhexanoic acid, 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid		None	None	None	9229.33	11879.5	19644.7	12876.3	17742.9	17964.6	13643.4	14142.0	12956.1	15356.1	20892.5	14874.2	11320.3	18868.0	9356.98	12357.6	10440.7	13222.1	8725.26	11445.1	13998.3	8920.95	11311.7	14769.9	11991.0	11347.4	10767.4	9820.84	16544.8	8440.55	10905.4	9870.27	10039.3	12701.2	10212.1	11258.5	10290.0	11533.2	15557.1	
151.1128141_MZ	Alpha-Pinene-oxide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alpha-pinene oxide is cheap monoterpene, which is important compound for the fragnance industry. Biocatalytic method is used to convert monoterpenes into terpenoids. The biotransformation of alpha-pinene oxide using resting cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11671 produces isonovalal (cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal), which is a fragrance. However, this biotransformation has technical problems including the following: alpha-pinene oxide undergoes autoxidation in water and light; it is hydrophobic and relatively toxic to the biocatalyst; and it suffers from product inhibition. the influence of other terpene byproducts on the flux of alpha-pinene oxide was investigated and found to decrease the flux into the organic phase by up to 10%. (PMID: 16321051).	C10H16O, (-)-trans-Carveol, Perillyl alcohol		None	None	None	7553.99	9209.0	15117.8	9915.68	12117.0	13106.5	9736.95	9862.89	8931.45	9893.17	16057.5	10183.4	8473.06	13263.5	8169.61	5632.24	7093.43	8566.84	6224.22	7363.29	12933.1	6688.58	7888.71	11761.6	8869.33	9134.58	7351.21	6641.28	13667.9	7552.04	8439.46	6638.17	7080.57	8599.99	6522.76	9236.95	6893.69	7548.48	10503.2	
152.0828162_MZ	N-Acetylhistamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylhistamine is a 4-(beta-Acetylaminoethyl)imidazole that is an intermediate in Histidine metabolism. It is generated from Histamine via the enzyme Transferases (EC 2.3.1.-). Histamine is an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.	C7H11N3O		None	None	None	3490.92	4196.97	4185.16	3910.84	4006.57	4464.87	3017.89	3290.24	4352.96	3106.52	4356.56	4044.04	3044.2	4000.05	6321.03	3426.13	2789.51	2627.86	2979.93	3356.47	3107.0	2988.32	3633.03	3912.06	3007.83	3671.17	2998.66	4180.99	3994.88	2837.74	3389.8	3005.37	3494.92	2944.21	3202.24	3533.72	3697.74	2831.65	3443.96	
153.0185447_MZ	Gentisic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a crystalline powder that forms monoclinic prism in water solution. Gentisic acid is an active metabolite of salicylic acid degradation. There is an increasing amount of evidence indicating that gentisic acid has a broad spectrum of biological activity, such as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and antioxidant properties. Gentisic acid is also a byproduct of tyrosine and benzoate metabolism.	C7H6O4, 2-Pyrocatechuic acid, Protocatechuic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylbenzoic acid		None	None	None	24250.8	20159.7	21025.1	24520.3	22156.2	35022.0	23120.7	20333.9	21059.9	30906.2	25062.9	24392.6	22821.6	25588.5	22804.6	32995.0	28369.5	23658.9	24561.2	24082.7	25661.1	21635.1	20325.2	26161.0	22171.5	20549.9	29297.0	24544.1	25604.9	18731.0	22079.1	21709.2	19202.4	24854.2	24713.3	29785.2	27881.6	21396.8	22268.8	
153.0554354_MZ	Hydroxytyrosol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenol extracted from virgin olive oil and a natural antioxidant. It has a protective effect in preventing protein damage induced by ultraviolet radiation (PMID: 15749387). Research results suggest that Hydroxytyrosol could exert its antioxidant effect by scavenging hydrogen peroxide but not superoxide anion released during the respiratory burst(PMID: 15476671).	C8H10O3		None	None	None	14041.9	13556.1	17937.6	12322.0	17504.4	18329.7	14615.3	15314.3	12437.8	13620.7	19779.9	12378.1	12465.1	16247.4	14258.5	13651.2	11261.4	13995.0	13278.4	10642.2	14186.0	11465.1	11246.4	14490.3	12366.4	13667.7	13673.6	10617.4	16457.7	12140.2	11771.8	12456.0	10844.1	11850.9	9776.57	12080.2	12683.2	12375.5	14693.1	
153.0668990_MZ	L-Canaline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Canavanine reacts with water to produce L-canaline and urea. The reaction is catalyzed by arginase. L-canaline reacts with carbamoyl-phosphate to produce O-ureidohomoserine and phosphate. The reaction is catalyzed by ornithine carbamoyltransferase.	C4H10N2O3		None	None	None	64968.5	42041.0	32115.7	21274.1	39048.9	48177.9	43518.2	50708.8	21841.1	15236.1	26060.0	13233.5	23420.2	19376.0	65066.4	55280.7	36466.4	39165.3	66726.6	11125.6	28471.2	38682.4	27973.9	25931.4	22092.3	59865.1	53923.2	22733.5	31359.2	53979.4	31510.4	53135.8	21293.0	14114.2	21127.4	19206.7	42716.0	30780.0	11697.9	
154.0621843_MZ	L-Histidine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Histidine is an alpha-amino acid with an imidazole functional group. It is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids. Histidine was first isolated by German physician Albrecht Kossel in 1896. Histidine is an essential amino acid in humans and other mammals. It was initially thought that it was only essential for infants, but longer-term studies established that it is also essential for adults. Infants four to six months old require 33 mg/kg of histidine. It is not clear how adults make small amounts of histidine, and dietary sources probably account for most of the histidine in the body. Histidine is a precursor for histamine and carnosine biosynthesis. Inborn errors of histidine metabolism exist and are marked by increased histidine levels in the blood. Elevated blood histidine is accompanied by a wide range of symptoms, from mental and physical retardation to poor intellectual functioning, emotional instability, tremor, ataxia and psychosis. Histidine and other imidazole compounds have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-secretory properties (PMID: 9605177). The efficacy of L-histidine in protecting inflamed tissue is attributed to the capacity of the imidazole ring to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cells during acute inflammatory response (PMID: 9605177). Histidine, when administered in therapeutic quantities is able to inhibit cytokines and growth factors involved in cell and tissue damage (US patent 6150392). Histidine in medical therapies has its most promising trials in rheumatoid arthritis where up to 4.5 g daily have been used effectively in severely affected patients. Arthritis patients have been found to have low serum histidine levels, apparently because of very rapid removal of histidine from their blood (PMID: 1079527). Other patients besides arthritis patients that have been found to be low in serum histidine are those with chronic renal failure. Urinary levels of histidine are reduced in pediatric patients with pneumonia. (PMID: 2084459). Asthma patients exhibit increased serum levels of histidine over normal controls (PMID: 23517038).  Serum histidine levels are lower and are negatively associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women (PMID: 23361591).  Histidine supplementation has been shown to reduce insulin resistance, reduce BMI and fat mass and suppress inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women with metabolic syndrome.  Histidine appears to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, possibly via the NF-ë¼B pathway, in adipocytes (PMID: 23361591). Low plasma concentrations of histidine are associated with protein-energy wasting, inflammation, oxidative stress, and greater mortality in chronic kidney disease patients (PMID: 18541578). Histidine may have many other possible functions because it is the precursor of the ubiquitous neurohormone-neurotransmitter histamine. Histidine increases histamine in the blood and probably in the brain. Low blood histamine with low serum histidine occurs in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Low blood histamine also occurs in some manic, schizophrenic, high copper and hyperactive groups of psychiatric patients. Histidine is a useful therapy in all patients with low histamine levels. (http://www.dcnutrition.com ).	C6H9N3O2		None	None	None	841169.0	738430.0	611939.0	519378.0	614622.0	956371.0	593740.0	739155.0	546577.0	477523.0	701773.0	648282.0	724867.0	685224.0	1786150.0	508222.0	485681.0	662497.0	667031.0	500445.0	689943.0	642998.0	655362.0	740848.0	546650.0	603823.0	681695.0	877912.0	869392.0	807828.0	1169140.0	587844.0	449811.0	508268.0	541503.0	778689.0	686314.0	442993.0	554774.0	
154.9750286_MZ	Phosphoglycolic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphoglycolic acid is a substrate for triose-phosphate isomerase.	C2H5O6P		None	None	None	34740.9	40534.9	36683.7	14455.0	38453.8	45574.5	32478.3	36075.0	40375.3	28201.3	39053.1	48510.2	32990.8	32734.3	26167.7	36353.1	33607.4	33850.3	41446.3	31358.2	37701.1	41241.8	21377.9	46546.2	37344.7	27007.8	38525.3	33586.9	36914.2	31954.6	24905.6	35363.8	23302.9	35832.6	41857.4	47540.7	38470.6	27910.9	38243.4	
155.0462603_MZ	Imidazolelactic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Imidazolelactic acid is the component of normal human urine. (PMID: 5856262). histidine loading causes an increase in the excretion of imidazolelactic acid. (PMID: 6021220). During pregnancy the values for imidazolelactic acid in urine is increased 3-fold. An interaction of allergic reactions and anomalies in the metabolism of the sex hormones are considered to form the basis of the pregnancy-specific illnesses that were studied. (PMID: 5789877). Urinary excretion of imidazolelactic acid is also an indication for folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency. (PMID: 4645251).	C6H8N2O3, 5-Hydroxymethyl-4-methyluracil, 4-Imidazolone-5-propionic acid		None	None	None	25462.6	31907.9	29280.2	46586.9	15969.7	50387.0	21939.3	36079.5	15758.1	12527.4	29925.0	23845.7	21583.8	18292.2	79445.8	16799.2	12433.9	19660.6	25835.1	12538.3	29795.2	24925.5	28718.2	19200.0	14206.9	23185.6	20724.7	37961.0	43818.5	32047.1	47400.4	23142.8	15885.7	29718.0	32332.4	36864.9	35664.4	22048.2	16908.8	
155.1076649_MZ	4-Hydroxynonenal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE), one of the major end products of lipid peroxidation, has been shown to be involved in signal transduction and available evidence suggests that it can affect cell cycle events in a concentration-dependent manner. glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) can modulate the intracellular concentrations of HNE by affecting its generation during lipid peroxidation by reducing hydroperoxides and also by converting it into a glutathione conjugate. Overexpression of the Alpha class GSTs in cells leads to lower steady-state levels of HNE, and these cells acquire resistance to apoptosis induced by lipid peroxidation-causing agents such as H(2)O(2), UVA, superoxide anion, and pro-oxidant xenobiotics, suggesting that signaling for apoptosis by these agents is transduced through HNE. Cells with the capacity to exclude HNE from the intracellular environment at a faster rate are relatively more resistant to apoptosis caused by H(2)O(2), UVA, superoxide anion, and pro-oxidant xenobiotics as well as by HNE, suggesting that HNE may be a common denominator in mechanisms of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. Transfection of adherent cells with HNE-metabolizing GSTs leads to transformation of these cells due to depletion of HNE. (PMID 15288119).	C9H16O2		None	None	None	29758.9	40733.9	51303.0	41744.3	50755.8	67179.3	34409.5	36513.4	36092.2	43058.0	74788.5	38722.5	42648.4	54823.4	27468.2	20716.4	25693.2	31325.1	27602.4	33197.4	55287.7	38333.4	26238.4	43372.7	31375.3	32923.8	25379.3	26401.4	56262.8	26710.4	30349.4	28216.8	27318.3	33755.3	26712.9	40878.0	29904.1	31744.0	51032.2	
156.0300928_MZ	2-Aminomuconic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Aminomuconic acid is a product of the Tryptophan metabolism degradation pathway (kinurenine pathway), in a reaction catabolized by the enzyme aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.45]. The kynurenine pathway is the major route of L-tryptophan degradation in mammals. (BioCyc).	C6H7NO4		None	None	None	8575.71	5816.47	17322.7	27041.0	6971.46	11821.7	7881.85	8551.48	17579.1	9686.31	15423.4	8357.38	8986.59	11745.8	7732.81	6260.28	14197.9	8020.85	6072.51	5550.92	15688.7	8911.45	9933.26	23483.9	8598.96	13515.4	8220.83	6953.53	9481.74	4947.92	10338.0	8115.08	5246.13	4856.31	23116.8	7636.83	9372.71	10290.0	9561.78	
156.0665716_MZ	Tiglylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tiglylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Tiglylglycine is an intermediate product of the catabolism of isoleucine. An elevated level of tiglylglycine is identified in urine of patients with beta-ketothiolase deficiency or with disorders of propionate metabolism (PMID 7923765).	C7H11NO3, 3-Methylcrotonylglycine		None	None	None	16071.0	14267.0	16416.9	24781.3	11561.6	19014.2	12305.2	14986.5	15136.6	10500.8	14478.8	14055.8	13897.2	12340.0	22058.4	13302.8	16996.6	14660.9	11368.6	12051.7	20572.9	13971.1	14001.4	20807.6	10768.4	12202.9	15572.1	14908.5	20311.4	12447.4	21528.8	10514.0	10210.8	8927.44	17970.6	18076.1	16207.1	12718.4	14620.2	
157.0366638_MZ	Allantoin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Allantoin is a diureide of glyoxylic acid with the chemical formula C4H6N4O3. It is also called 5-ureidohydantoin, glyoxyldiureide, and 5-ureidohydantoin. It is a product of oxidation of uric acid. It is a product of purine metabolism in most mammals except higher apes, and it is present in their urine. In humans, uric acid is excreted instead of allantoin. The presence of allantoin in the urine can be an indication of microbial overgrowth or it can be created via non-enzymatic means through high levels of reactive oxygen species. In this regard Allantoin is sometimes used as a marker of oxidative stress. Allantoin can be isolated from cow urine or as a botanical extract of the comfrey plant. It has long been used for its healing, soothing, and anti-irritating properties. Allantoin helps to heal wounds and skin irritations and stimulates the growth of healthy tissue. Allantoin can be found in anti-acne products, sun care products, and clarifying lotions because of its ability to help heal minor wounds and promote healthy skin. Allantoin is frequently present in toothpaste, mouthwash, and other oral hygiene products as well as shampoos, lipsticks, various cosmetic lotions and creams and other cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.	C4H6N4O3		None	None	None	23878.6	24260.1	26222.4	27123.0	35978.2	30778.7	25413.5	25646.7	36092.2	36591.1	27766.9	32707.0	39401.6	38062.1	26332.7	28051.1	33527.8	30743.3	24996.2	33763.9	32624.6	26832.7	30471.1	40373.5	30964.7	31649.7	34048.0	38815.6	25675.6	18624.5	35296.8	25553.5	20746.0	37757.1	32904.2	36117.1	31628.4	31699.1	32137.0	
157.0505864_MZ	Isopropylmaleate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isopropylmaleate is found in the leucine biosynthesis pathway. 2-Isopropylmalate reversibly breaks down to form isopropylmaleate and H2O. The reaction is catalyzed by 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase.	C7H10O4, Succinylacetone		None	None	None	14601.6	14484.9	37342.9	22536.6	19033.2	16099.8	24407.0	26152.4	16818.9	18068.6	18333.8	13761.5	18053.5	26534.2	16843.1	11916.1	15445.3	26503.5	12710.0	14498.4	18641.8	14843.2	14817.3	21446.7	15872.3	16977.8	19027.6	13153.6	16599.5	10783.7	14316.7	17384.5	14171.4	14340.9	14744.6	13913.6	15101.8	15213.5	14239.2	
157.0869040_MZ	3-Oxooctanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxo-Octanoic acid is fatty acid formed by the action of acid synthases from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors. It is involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, it is the product of reaction between malonic acid and three enzymes; beta-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier- protein synthase, fatty-acid Synthase and beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier- protein synthase II.	C8H14O3, cis-4-Hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid, trans-4-Hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid, Alpha-Ketooctanoic acid 		None	None	None	21050.1	24194.8	28242.9	20727.1	20826.3	27503.7	23832.3	26344.7	22977.6	21716.8	26473.3	18557.9	22603.4	28393.9	16612.3	26036.4	20343.4	24343.1	21203.0	19448.2	23354.5	27421.7	20831.5	24710.9	18385.6	20913.2	22460.2	18392.4	24146.2	19069.6	19224.0	20879.4	20328.8	19773.0	19219.9	20924.8	25130.1	21267.0	22773.4	
157.1232740_MZ	Oenanthic ether	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oenanthic ether is an odorous substance (ester) (PMID 15474656) present in human sweat (PMID 8887339).	C9H18O2, Pelargonic acid		None	None	None	129400.0	136447.0	119125.0	111132.0	95629.9	130566.0	109565.0	133870.0	114580.0	116137.0	105785.0	87395.2	130621.0	120162.0	85487.0	114618.0	120303.0	128831.0	113956.0	104539.0	111340.0	178388.0	99390.6	133686.0	95497.1	105970.0	115977.0	102919.0	127472.0	102783.0	86870.7	126284.0	129206.0	93409.0	105924.0	124423.0	121264.0	109462.0	99731.1	
158.0821713_MZ	2-Methylbutyrylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Methylbutyrylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. The isolated excretion of high levels of 2-methylbutyrylglycine (2-MBG) is the hallmark of short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency or SBCADD (PMID:15615815). The disorder is also called 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (PMID: 17883863) and has been associated with autism and mental retardation. SBCADD is a recently described autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defect in the degradation pathway of L- isoleucine leading to increased urinary excretion of 2-methylbutyryl glycine. The enzymatic defect results from disruption of the SBCAD gene. Deficiency of SBCAD leads to accumulation of its substrate, 2-methylbutyryl-CoA within the mitochondrion. This substance is transesterified with glycine by the mitochondrial enzyme acyl-CoA glycine-N-acyltransferase (glycine-N-acylase) to form 2-methylbutyryl glycine. Affected patients can be divided into two categories. The first category consists of infants detected by newborn screening programmes. These infants are treated with diet and remain without clinical symptoms. In the second category affected patients are diagnosed because they presented clinically with seizures and psychomotor delay and have increased urinary excretion of 2-methylbutyryl glycine (PMID: 17883863). 2-methylbutyrylglycine has also been found in the urine of patients with propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency after consuming isoleucine. (PMID: 630060). 2-methylbutyrylglycine is also elevated in the urine of patients with glutaric aciduria II and ethylmalonic encephalopathy.	C7H13NO3, Isovalerylglycine, Valerylglycine, N-Acetylvaline, 3-Dehydrocarnitine, 5-Acetamidovalerate		None	None	None	20482.4	16119.6	16659.4	37789.2	11076.3	17692.7	13440.2	17609.9	15569.6	13941.3	11869.0	15198.6	17002.8	10814.3	31714.6	25181.9	22879.9	13911.8	11201.5	9144.07	14980.7	14057.0	24246.5	19767.9	12310.9	12329.4	18400.8	13884.4	18514.7	12354.4	33106.8	10815.9	11907.1	10911.3	19375.6	11469.9	17360.7	17681.4	12002.0	
158.1186864_MZ	DL-2-Aminooctanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	alpha-Aminooctanoic acid is an amino compound found occasionally in human urine. (PMID: 13447222). alpha-Aminooctanoic acid has been found in one case in the milk of a lactating mother at the 144th day of lactation. (Science and Culture (1960), 26 186-7.).	C8H17NO2		None	None	None	2157.78	1571.52	2096.68	2578.16	1727.52	2474.5	1716.53	2298.99	1880.54	2222.21	2937.48	1968.35	2100.76	2075.17	2196.3	2160.16	1562.36	1946.11	2330.7	1348.06	2113.37	1940.51	1490.64	2094.45	1432.95	1310.98	1729.2	1552.88	2863.77	1982.09	2042.46	1682.36	1185.45	1311.7	1458.7	1704.99	2193.65	1557.0	1497.07	
159.0300131_MZ	Oxoadipic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Oxoadipic acid is produced from lysine in the cytosol of cells via the saccharopine and the pipecolic acid pathways. Catabolites of hydroxylysine and tryptophan enter these pathways as 2-aminoadipic- -semialdehyde and 2-oxoadipate, respectively. In the matrix of mitochondria, 2-oxoadipate is decarboxylated to glutaryl-CoA by the 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex and then converted to acetyl-CoA. 2-Oxoadipic aciduria is an in-born error of metabolism of lysine, tryptophan, and hydroxylysine, in which abnormal quantities of 2-aminoadipic acid are found in body fluids along with 2-oxoadipic acid. Patients with 2-Oxoadipic acidemias are mentally retarded with hypotonia or seizures. 2-Oxoadipic Aciduria can occur in patients with Kearns-Sayre Syndrome, a progressive disorder with onset prior to 20 years of age in which multiple organ systems are affected, including progressive external ophthalmoplegia, retinopathy, and the age of onset, and these are associated classically with abnormalities in cardiac conduction, cerebellar signs, and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein. (PMID: 10655159, 16183823, 11083877).	C6H8O5, 3-Oxoadipic acid		None	None	None	10475.3	8345.56	10997.5	10288.7	7740.37	10444.8	8850.99	9345.41	8246.18	8594.32	10297.8	8983.36	11701.7	11382.8	10461.2	9097.82	9200.27	8904.62	8801.16	7935.28	8994.74	9542.34	8372.2	9885.42	7582.94	9926.54	8198.93	8790.72	10384.2	7903.65	8499.57	9578.75	8008.39	7796.61	10386.1	8591.9	10388.4	7319.01	8694.08	
159.0564295_MZ	Methylimidazoleacetic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methylimidazoleacetic acid is the main metabolite of histamine. This end product of histamine catabolism is formed by N-methylation in the imidazole ring to methylhistamine by histamine methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.8) and a subsequent oxidative deamination in the side chain by type B monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4). From studies is known that as much as 70 to 80 percent of the histamine metabolized in the body is excreted in the urine as Methylimidazoleacetic acid. Thus, urinary Methylimidazoleacetic acid being the major and specific histamine metabolite is a clear marker of any changes in histamine metabolism in the body. The urinary excretion of methylimidazoleacetic acid is considered a reliable indicator of histamine turnover rate in the body. The excretion of Methylimidazoleacetic acid is higher in men than women however; this gender difference is abolished when corrected for creatinine excretion. A possible explanation is that basal histamine turnover is related to body size. There is no significant difference in Methylimidazoleacetic acid excretion between smokers and non-smokers when analysing absolute values (mg/24 h). When using Methylimidazoleacetic acid values corrected for creatinine excretion female smokers have significantly higher Methylimidazoleacetic acid excretion compared to nonsmokers. (PMID: 11411609, 7130180, 10350179, 10202992).	C6H8N2O2, 1,3-Dimethyluracil, Imidazolepropionic acid, Pi-Methylimidazoleacetic acid		None	None	None	1794.29	1674.54	2959.14	2322.96	2232.05	2020.08	2203.7	1854.21	2467.54	2105.52	2383.14	1755.6	1825.65	2555.38	2189.9	1480.49	1988.86	2209.67	1398.23	2408.14	1723.64	1436.63	2622.49	2125.68	2577.65	2160.88	1871.33	1720.11	1840.92	1600.0	2158.45	2187.46	2000.7	2280.46	2376.72	1664.13	1417.64	2342.99	1622.01	
159.0662113_MZ	3-Methyladipic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Methyladipic acid is a metabolite of the catabolism of phytanic acid. Patients with adult Refsums disease (ARD) are unable to detoxify phytanic acid by alpha-oxidation, and so the w-oxidation pathway is the only metabolic pathway available for phytanic acid degradation. This pathway produces 3-methyladipic acid as the final metabolite, which is excreted in the urine (Wanders et al. 2001). Activity of the w-oxidation pathway is approximately doubled in ARD patients compared with normal individuals (PMID: 11948235).	C7H12O4, Pimelic acid, 3,3-Dimethylglutaric acid		None	None	None	21397.0	20090.1	30478.2	18946.6	16051.6	15700.6	17243.9	25794.8	15352.7	12829.9	13457.3	11285.1	15269.9	21548.1	14418.0	10577.3	11807.3	20691.0	15497.6	9431.17	12023.2	22756.8	15561.4	21871.4	8213.28	16045.3	14469.2	9128.99	21271.8	9738.28	8831.62	17785.8	11757.6	8778.54	22081.4	9333.5	18651.5	13885.4	7825.12	
159.0780279_MZ	D-Alanyl-D-alanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The ATP-dependent carboxylate-amine/thiol ligase superfamily is known to contain enzymes catalyzing the formation of various types of peptide, one of which is d-alanyl-d-alanine.(PMID: 16030213). The glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin acts by binding to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of the cell wall precursor lipid II in the cytoplasmic membrane.(PMID: 17418637). D-alanine-D-alanine ligase from Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 (TmDdl) was a useful biocatalyst for synthesizing D-amino acid dipeptides.D-Alanine-D-alanine ligase (Ddl) catalyzes the biosynthesis of an essential bacterial peptidoglycan precursor D-alanyl-D-alanine and it represents an important target for development of new antibacterial drugs. (PMID: 17267218).	C6H12N2O3		None	None	None	6832.98	6060.94	7376.33	7727.92	5970.15	6264.42	5542.17	7255.29	7360.16	4514.78	6359.2	5921.17	5749.54	7178.87	5522.22	3968.71	4434.25	5194.83	4678.2	5198.38	4535.89	5617.28	6551.11	7017.64	5857.33	5500.46	4271.89	5901.87	6533.59	4176.39	5774.95	5531.0	5120.68	4704.28	6531.02	6680.87	6499.68	6417.86	4796.77	
159.1025125_MZ	7-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	7-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a normal metabolite of medium-chain fatty acid oxidation, and is excreted in the urine as 7-hydroxyoctanoyl-beta-D-glucuronide (PMID 8799296), and have been found slightly elevated in the urine of persons with abnormal fatty acid metabolism (PMID 2094705).	C8H16O3, Hydroxyoctanoic acid, 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid, (R)-2-Hydroxycaprylic acid, (R)-3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid		None	None	None	9383.61	9825.77	7943.91	8485.94	7395.76	9521.53	7457.43	9849.23	9880.3	8107.56	8131.34	5495.77	8593.89	9043.37	6797.13	7759.18	8771.58	7964.96	8141.96	6546.28	8655.75	11334.5	8645.68	9890.2	5894.52	7686.51	7701.66	5660.38	10429.5	6717.69	5813.03	7555.58	6484.09	6028.52	9169.49	6412.87	11009.7	8764.65	6404.42	
159.1138446_MZ	N(6)-Methyllysine	None	None	None	None	None	None	N(6)-Methyllysine is a naturally occurring amino acid found in human biofluids. N-monomethyl-lysine is generated by metabolic transmethylation of endogenous lysine. Lysine methylation displays the highest degree of complexity among known covalent histone modifications, with each site of methylation regulating the association of different effector molecules. The versatility of lysine methylation marks is perhaps best exemplified by modifications implicated in transcriptional regulation as well as being required for double-strand break repair in several organisms. Identification of the numerous biological functions encoded by histone lysine methylation is a major area of research interest, as these mechanisms are intimately associated with cellular senescence, genomic instability, and leukemogenesis. While multiple sites of lysine methylation have been linked with gene activation, each modification is distributed to unique positions across the active gene. (PMID: 17030614, 1122639, 15756599, 3111294).	C7H16N2O2, Isoputreanine; N6-Methyl-L-lysine; Methyllysine		None	None	None	6451.75	2920.13	2951.32	8671.5	5472.9	2763.85	2595.67	4682.77	6853.68	5634.13	2940.66	3187.88	5565.31	5960.18	2574.0	2116.38	6879.81	3113.36	6655.3	6375.93	8344.79	3879.73	7076.01	8465.9	8571.96	2841.07	2045.18	2308.5	3110.23	7072.3	5973.98	2376.71	4365.14	2424.25	8497.37	9346.97	5758.79	6260.74	7777.24	
160.0401699_MZ	4,6-Dihydroxyquinoline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4,6-Dihydroxyquinoline is the product of the conversion of 5-hydroxykynurenamine by the enzyme monoamine oxidase, both metabolites from the 5-hydroxytryptophan metabolism. (PMIDs 7160021, 312499).	C9H7NO2, 2-Indolecarboxylic acid, Indole-3-carboxylic acid		None	None	None	8228.56	9129.07	7883.44	7930.76	6773.99	7776.62	7804.38	7195.59	6207.88	6527.54	6572.97	8331.44	8161.07	6825.59	10544.5	8755.02	6602.77	8051.84	7453.94	6610.53	6978.47	8694.12	8729.14	7796.98	5907.94	9192.49	7982.53	9136.43	10530.7	7428.6	8786.18	7251.13	6527.9	6291.49	6515.5	7541.12	8503.54	6290.86	6833.61	
160.0614417_MZ	Aminoadipic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Aminoadipic acid (2-aminoadipate) is a metabolite in the principal biochemical pathway of lysine. It is an intermediate in the metabolism (i.e. breakdown or degradation) of lysine and saccharopine.(Wikipedia).   It antagonizes neuroexcitatory activity modulated by the glutamate receptor, N-methyl-D-aspartate; (NMDA). Aminoadipic has also been shown to inhibit the production of kynurenic acid in brain tissue slices (PMID: 8566117). Kynurenic acid is a broad spectrum excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist. Recent studies have shown that aminoadipic acid is elevated in prostate biopsy tissues from prostate cancer patients (PMID: 23737455).  Mutations in DHTKD1 (dehydrogenase E1 and transketolase domain-containing protein 1) have been shown to cause human 2-aminoadipic and 2-oxoadipic aciduria via impaired turnover of decarboxylation 2-oxoadipate to glutaryl-CoA, which is the last step in the lysine degradation pathway (PMID: 23141293).  Aging, diabetes, sepsis and renal failure are known to catalyze the oxidation of lysyl residues to 2-aminoadipic acid in human skin collagen and potentially other tissues (PMID: 18448817).  Proteolytic breakdown of these tissues can lead to the release of free 2-aminoadipic acid.  Studies in rats indicate that aminoadipic acid (along with the 3 branched chain amino acid ‰ÛÒ Leu, Val and Ile) levels are elevated in the pre-diabetic phase and so aminoadipic acid may serve as a predictive biomarker for the development of diabetes. (PMID: 15389298). Long-term hyperglycemia of endothelial cells leads to elevated levels of aminoadipate which is though to be a sign of lysine breakdown through oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (PMID: 21961526).  2-aminoadipate is a potential small-molecule marker of oxidative stress (PMID: 21647514)	C6H11NO4		None	None	None	63463.8	30132.8	38498.3	49192.9	30610.5	28410.4	28032.0	37708.5	41591.9	16067.1	21655.8	52038.3	39996.8	25073.5	76560.4	51635.9	19348.3	30485.9	19795.8	28766.2	33887.8	21633.9	38408.1	34527.9	21440.7	19444.7	25076.8	51004.5	61152.9	49321.8	34460.5	17767.1	28163.9	19926.0	38415.0	32939.4	23472.3	32758.1	21549.6	
160.8906630_MZ	Phosphoroselenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphoroselenoic acid, H3SePO3, is the activated selenium donor compound required for the biosynthesis of selenocysteyl-tRNA, the precursor of specific selenocysteine residues in bacterial and mammalian selenoproteins. Selenocysteine is the 21st amino acid, because Sec has a specific tRNA and codon UGA, and shares a major stop codon UGA. A number of enzymes have selenocysteine, residues and in some cases at their active sites. Proteins containing the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), have been described in all three domains of life. (PMID: 18156471).	H3O3PSe		None	None	None	1017.04	928.678	1500.36	734.132	1284.16	1166.42	1849.26	1199.75	1114.7	1003.53	737.76	1372.05	752.866	1006.66	969.662	864.82	1061.25	1235.1	1045.37	1078.66	1053.94	718.046	1091.12	713.835	1257.25	1208.87	1361.75	777.148	835.729	1629.0	1071.12	1116.5	1147.83	811.62	1129.14	977.177	1023.18	1177.07	1233.78	
161.0455326_MZ	2-Hydroxyadipic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Hydroxyadipic acid is a hydroxy-dicarboxylic acid formed by the reduction of 2-ketoadipic acid. Deficiency of 2-ketoadipic dehydrogenase causes 2-ketoadipic acidemia (OMIM 245130), a condition characterized by accumulation and excretion of 2-hydroxyadipic acid (with 2-ketoadipic and 2-aminoadipic) probably without adverse phenotypic effects.(OMMBID - The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, CH.95). A method involving derivatization and combined gas chromatography--mass spectrometry has been recently developed to separate the enantiomers of 3-hydroxyadipic acid (PMID: 3980660). It has been shown that 3-hydroxyadipic acid excreted in urine consists of at least 95% of the L-enantiomer. This finding supports the hypothesis that dicarboxylic acids are degraded by ordinary beta-oxidation, and indicates that adipic acid may be converted into succinic acid. (PMID: 3980660).	C6H10O5, 3-Hydroxyadipic acid, 3-Hydroxymethylglutaric acid, 2(R)-Hydroxyadipic acid, Levoglucosan		None	None	None	118159.0	105277.0	158511.0	151583.0	98617.6	141102.0	110158.0	100174.0	122638.0	154874.0	115021.0	120405.0	150378.0	136288.0	117427.0	129502.0	154111.0	131155.0	114250.0	101459.0	125199.0	101535.0	92371.1	139481.0	101800.0	171038.0	130641.0	133482.0	139982.0	139266.0	100477.0	102614.0	75009.0	80460.2	124250.0	143213.0	157288.0	110493.0	92555.2	
162.0226501_MZ	Acetylcysteine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetylcysteine is the N-acetyl derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, and is a precursor in the formation of the antioxidant glutathione in the body. The thiol (sulfhydryl) group confers antioxidant effects and is able to reduce free radicals. wikipedia. It is used as a mucolytic agent to reduce the viscosity of mucous secretions. It has also been shown to have antiviral effects in patients with HIV due to inhibition of viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates. -- Pubchem. Acetylcysteine is a pharmacological agent used in the management of paracetamol overdose. For these indications, acetylcysteine is available under the trade names Mucomyst (Bristol-Myers Squibb) and Parvolex (GSK.-- Wikipedia.	C5H9NO3S		None	None	None	17346.4	20567.2	17200.9	17648.4	20043.6	19225.3	17845.0	18375.6	12019.9	13907.9	18623.6	11150.6	18469.6	19123.4	15515.6	17489.0	23004.3	17492.5	12642.1	9878.98	14906.6	18466.4	13169.9	22734.7	9051.43	29638.0	17007.5	9611.66	19975.9	156029.0	16971.1	18658.8	20795.5	9027.67	11552.6	10659.6	21643.9	11183.8	9538.27	
162.0772529_MZ	Bicine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Bicine is a general purpose buffer for biological research. Its applications include: tissue culture,phosphorylation and photophosphorylation, fixative transmission electron microscopy, protein synthesis and preventing binding to non-receptor materials. It is a degradation product of alkanolamine and alkylalkanolamine solutions.	C6H13NO4		None	None	None	3446.38	3166.5	3009.0	3076.89	3782.46	3855.66	2983.69	3413.82	4021.52	2969.79	3329.97	2443.96	3358.31	3808.64	3753.49	2760.54	4250.1	2988.81	3226.05	2463.06	3643.09	3394.38	3122.56	3897.93	2212.66	4457.33	3689.05	2469.18	3381.76	5105.85	3406.21	2956.02	2910.25	1860.37	3403.38	2872.49	3867.91	2633.76	2291.54	
162.8905400_MZ	Molybdate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Molybdate is involved in the molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis pathway. Molybdate reacts with molybdopterin-AMP to produce molybdenum cofactor, AMP, and H2O.	H2MoO4		None	None	None	1566.13	1791.42	2225.09	1938.68	1982.05	2136.79	2895.25	1846.37	1942.69	1797.61	1475.58	2007.73	1388.32	2074.23	2163.96	1806.47	1868.24	1937.86	1562.47	1828.11	1852.79	1295.98	1985.21	1674.25	1848.63	1759.53	1892.8	1403.59	1806.11	2556.14	1832.28	2193.07	1872.39	1560.85	1820.68	1272.75	1969.52	1935.27	2154.56	
163.0389740_MZ	Phenylpyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenylpyruvic acid is a keto-acid that is an intermediate or catabolic byproduct of phenylalanine metabolism. It has a slight honey-like odor. Levels of phenylpyruvate are normally very low in blood or urine. High levels of phenylpyruvic acid can be found in the urine of individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is due to lack of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), so that phenylalanine is converted not to tyrosine but to phenylpyruvic acid. In particular, excessive phenylalanine can be metabolized into phenylketones through, a transaminase pathway route involving glutamate. Metabolites of this transamination reaction include phenylacetate, phenylpyruvate and phenethylamine. In persons with PKU, dietary phenylalanine either accumulates in the body or some of it is converted to phenylpyruvic acid. Individuals with PKU tend to excrete large quantities of phenylpyruvate, phenylacetate and phenyllactate, along with phenylalanine, in their urine. If untreated, mental retardation effects and microcephaly are evident by the first year along with other symptoms which include: unusual irritability, epileptic seizures and skin lesions. Hyperactivity, EEG abnormalities and seizures, and severe learning disabilities are major clinical problems later in life. A musty or mousy odor of skin, hair, sweat and urine (due to phenylacetate accumulation); and a tendency to hypopigmentation and eczema are also observed. The neural-development effects of PKU are primarily due to the disruption of neurotransmitter synthesis. In particular, phenylalanine is a large, neutral amino acid which moves across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via the large neutral amino acid transporter (LNAAT). Excessive phenylalanine in the blood saturates the transporter. Thus, excessive levels of phenylalanine significantly decrease the levels of other LNAAs in the brain. But since these amino acids are required for protein and neurotransmitter synthesis, phenylalanine accumulation disrupts brain development, leading to mental retardation.	C9H8O3, m-Coumaric acid, 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid, 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid, Enol-phenylpyruvate		None	None	None	14076.6	14644.8	16184.2	15507.3	14901.4	17860.3	15095.3	15066.9	14215.4	15479.3	17304.6	17028.3	16300.8	15378.3	12868.8	17300.8	17258.1	14786.0	14243.7	16974.1	15405.7	15669.7	14426.9	16275.0	14595.6	15115.6	14510.0	15482.1	17948.3	14725.9	11832.8	14295.8	18666.6	17987.8	14889.1	16476.3	15432.3	16760.4	18235.2	
163.0611330_MZ	L-Fucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fucose is a hexose deoxy sugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. L-fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose) is a monosaccharide that is a common component of many N- and O-linked glycans and glycolipids produced by mammalian cells. It is the fundamental sub-unit of the fucoidan polysaccharide. As a free sugar, L-fucose is normally found at very low levels in mammals. It is unique in that it is the only levorotatory sugar synthesized and utilized by mammals. Fucose polymers are synthesized by fucosyltransferases.  All fucosyltransferases utilize a nucleotide-activated form of fucose, GDP-fucose, as a fucose donor in the construction of fucosylated oligosaccharides. The ABO blood group antigens are among the most well known fucosylated glycans. The alpha-1->3 linked core fucose is a suspected carbohydrate antigen for IgE-mediated allergy. Two structural features distinguish fucose from other six-carbon sugars present in mammals: the lack of a hydroxyl group on the carbon at the 6-position (C-6) and the L-configuration. In fucose-containing glycan structures, fucosylated glycans, fucose can exist as a terminal modification or serve as an attachment point for adding other sugars. Fucose is metabolized by an enzyme called alpha-fucosidase. Fucose is secreted in urine when the liver is damaged.  Free L-fucose in serum and urine can be used as a marker for cancer, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease and gastric ulcers (PMID: 2311216) (PMID: 8488966). Elevated levels of serum fucose have been reported in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that feeding rats a diet high in L-fucose induces neuropathy similar to that seen in diabetics.	C6H12O5, Rhamnose, 1,5-Anhydrosorbitol, Beta-D-Fucose, L-Rhamnulose, 2-Deoxygalactopyranose		None	None	None	108175.0	71687.0	28480.3	66945.2	99479.1	132814.0	32003.3	25742.9	88135.5	108495.0	107158.0	36688.4	116277.0	98891.7	112853.0	103162.0	73643.4	29491.2	76978.5	30653.8	64574.1	93710.8	58326.3	110641.0	25000.6	68738.4	96013.5	24048.6	61098.7	58814.6	55366.1	79451.1	21975.0	37526.4	122635.0	34330.1	90073.2	112076.0	29369.0	
163.0768772_MZ	2-Phenylbutyric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Phenylbutyric acid is used as an anticholesteremic.	C10H12O2, Benzenebutanoic acid, 3-Phenylbutyric acid, Isoeugenol, Eugenol		None	None	None	21569.5	21611.2	28414.0	26214.1	38052.5	42082.7	25052.9	22999.3	32806.8	32819.4	44961.2	35420.1	25574.8	37091.8	28191.8	39904.9	36629.1	32236.9	19934.7	31011.0	29259.3	34861.7	26039.1	41704.4	43698.6	34045.7	32123.3	46113.0	24292.5	30276.8	22907.2	35827.3	29850.2	28731.1	35266.4	71240.4	29039.2	41816.2	32444.2	
164.0386237_MZ	Methionine sulfoxide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methionine sulfoxide is an oxidation product of methionine with reactive oxygen species via 2-electron-dependent mechanism. Such oxidants can be generated from activated neutrophils; therefore, methionine sulfoxide can be regarded as a biomarker of oxidative stress in vivo. (PMID 12576054).	C5H11NO3S		None	None	None	5789.64	7307.73	7124.69	6628.41	7246.59	7509.96	8596.61	7306.64	6386.64	8472.55	5664.89	7930.01	7128.88	8408.27	8759.32	7242.57	8359.39	6062.52	5852.77	6345.35	7154.82	7121.8	6502.13	6155.85	6081.24	8502.33	6468.44	7283.32	7307.17	7162.27	6901.98	5603.31	6309.7	7700.85	6950.66	10192.2	6808.21	6684.1	7002.09	
164.0580482_MZ	3-Methylguanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Methylguanine is a methylated purine base. Methylated purine bases are known to be present in normal urine and to change under pathological conditions, in particular in the development of leukemia, tumors and immunodeficiency, by the altered turnover of nucleic acids typical of these diseases. (PMID 9069642).	C6H7N5O, 7-Methylguanine, 1-Methylguanine, N2-Methylguanine		None	None	None	6534.58	8705.8	10334.8	8470.31	6106.03	7339.07	6615.98	5821.48	8856.36	6266.53	6857.96	12556.6	6241.28	6381.45	7997.75	5255.26	7641.79	8200.73	7710.39	7647.2	7534.0	6984.5	6927.74	7975.69	7382.03	7599.25	7066.5	8943.79	6762.6	9547.77	8399.58	5582.67	5678.71	7673.29	8534.08	9294.38	6384.17	5785.3	8052.71	
164.0715830_MZ	L-Phenylalanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid and the precursor for the amino acid tyrosine. Like tyrosine, it is the precursor of catecholamines in the body (tyramine, dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine). The psychotropic drugs (mescaline, morphine, codeine, and papaverine) also have phenylalanine as a constituent. Phenylalanine is a precursor of the neurotransmitters called catecholamines, which are adrenalin-like substances. Phenylalanine is highly concentrated in the human brain and plasma. Normal metabolism of phenylalanine requires biopterin, iron, niacin, vitamin B6, copper and vitamin C. An average adult ingests 5 g of phenylalanine per day and may optimally need up to 8 g daily. Phenylalanine is highly concentrated in high protein foods, such as meat, cottage cheese and wheat germ. A new dietary source of phenylalanine is artificial sweeteners containing aspartame. Aspartame appears to be nutritious except in hot beverages; however, it should be avoided by phenylketonurics and pregnant women. Phenylketonurics, who have a genetic error of phenylalanine metabolism, have elevated serum plasma levels of phenylalanine up to 400 times normal. Mild phenylketonuria can be an unsuspected cause of hyperactivity, learning problems, and other developmental problems in children. Phenylalanine can be an effective pain reliever. Its use in premenstrual syndrome and Parkinson's may enhance the effects of acupuncture and electric transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS). Phenylalanine and tyrosine, like L-dopa, produce a catecholamine effect. Phenylalanine is better absorbed than tyrosine and may cause fewer headaches. Low phenylalanine diets have been prescribed for certain cancers with mixed results. Some tumors use more phenylalanine (particularly melatonin-producing tumors called melanoma). One strategy is to exclude this amino acid from the diet, i.e., a Phenylketonuria (PKU) diet (compliance is a difficult issue; it is hard to quantify and is under-researched). The other strategy is just to increase phenylalanine's competing amino acids, i.e., tryptophan, valine, isoleucine and leucine, but not tyrosine. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C9H11NO2, 3-Pyridinebutanoic acid, Benzocaine, Norsalsolinol		None	None	None	204732.0	140019.0	175098.0	98961.6	197221.0	281780.0	165571.0	173224.0	200382.0	173913.0	169616.0	289022.0	276810.0	197989.0	214681.0	227156.0	224444.0	228151.0	193375.0	212968.0	194483.0	134551.0	154625.0	221192.0	190467.0	234958.0	208009.0	232667.0	203825.0	170342.0	128682.0	176397.0	122691.0	229001.0	188010.0	298909.0	231162.0	185526.0	189161.0	
164.1074926_MZ	Pseudoephedrine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pseudoephedrine (commonly abbreviated as PSE) is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations either as single ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines, paracetamol and/or ibuprofen. Consumers often refer to it by a product which contains pseudoephedrine, such as Sudafed, the trademark for a common brand of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in North America; Pseudoephedrine is a phenethylamine, and an isomer of ephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of the (1S,2S)- diastereomer of ephedrine (which has 1R,2S- configuration). Other names are (+)-pseudoephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine. (Reynolds, 1989) (-)-(1R,2R)-Pseudoephedrine is not used clinically, since it is associated with greater central nervous system (CNS) stimulatory effects. (+)-(1S,2S)-Pseudoephedrine is a less-potent CNS stimulant, yet it retains its efficacy as a decongestant. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its indirect action on the adrenergic receptor system. While it may have weak agonist activity at adrenergic receptors, the principal mechanism is to displace noradrenaline from storage vesicles in presynaptic neurons. The displaced noradrenaline is released into the neuronal synapse where it is free to activate the aforementioned postsynaptic adrenergic receptors. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a phenethylamine, and an isomer of ephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of the (1S,2S)- diastereomer of ephedrine (which has 1R,2S- configuration). Other names are (+)-pseudoephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine (Reynolds, 1989). The enantiomer (-)-(1R,2R)-Pseudoephedrine has fewer side-effects, fewer central nervous system (CNS) stimulatory effects, does not reduce to d-methamphetamine, yet retains its efficacy as a decongestant.[citation needed] However, the patent holder for (-)-Pseudoephedrine (Pfizer/Warner-Lambert) has not yet sought or received government approval for its sale to the public.(US Patent 6,495,529); Treatment for urinary incontinence is an unlabeled use for these medications. Unlabeled use means doctors can use the medication to treat a condition other than that for which it was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These medications are approved by the FDA for the treatment of nasal congestion caused by colds or allergies. However it has also been succesful in treating stress incontinence by increasing the pressure (tension) exerted by the muscles of the bladder neck and the urethra, which helps retain the urine within the bladder; An alpha and beta adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations either as single-ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines, paracetamol and/or ibuprofen. It is often referred to by consumers as Sudafed, which is the trademark for a common brand of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its indirect action on the adrenergic receptor system. While it may have weak agonist activity at alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, the principal mechanism is to displace noradrenaline from storage vesicles in presynaptic neurons. The displaced noradrenaline is released into the neuronal synapse where it is free to activate the aforementioned postsynaptic adrenergic receptors.	C10H15NO, Hordenine		None	None	None	3473.79	3136.48	3330.6	2877.6	3286.07	5049.13	3096.29	3272.94	3553.93	3295.61	3428.75	4281.56	4616.03	3773.58	3297.81	3661.04	3490.69	3650.87	3348.38	3275.02	3655.35	3406.55	3023.32	3688.81	2995.76	3519.09	3305.06	3218.24	4400.36	2976.46	2538.16	2919.02	2753.39	3459.87	3290.6	4285.87	3720.29	3419.68	3434.82	
165.0191732_MZ	Benzoquinoneacetic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Benzoquinoneacetic acid is an oxidized phase of the oxidation-reduction system homogentisic-benzoquinoneacetic acid. This compound is secreted in large quantities in the urine of patients suffering from cyanosis. Cyanosis is the bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. (Ella H. Fishberg, J. Biol. Chem., Jan 1948; 172: 155 - 163; Wikipedia).	C8H6O4		None	None	None	46149.1	50031.6	52972.9	47360.4	41377.8	48085.6	50347.2	81894.4	42650.5	46931.9	48384.1	32092.0	44361.1	46699.0	29363.0	60858.1	50005.9	50642.8	42689.9	35970.3	43838.7	58893.6	55457.5	51409.5	32408.4	46056.7	65508.3	34718.6	47144.7	45780.1	35210.3	49488.2	45132.4	35975.7	38940.2	34066.2	50299.8	44127.1	35052.5	
165.0404476_MZ	Ribonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ribonic acid is a product of the enzyme ribose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+) [EC 1.1.1.115] (KEGG).	C5H10O6, Arabinonic acid		None	None	None	112563.0	89924.4	119858.0	90149.3	93475.0	123243.0	94882.7	96322.3	90704.3	107568.0	100480.0	97800.0	110607.0	120106.0	97828.7	74608.8	89196.0	85150.7	110909.0	86258.9	89048.0	89705.7	74052.9	92819.9	94922.0	109987.0	96548.5	99703.6	161659.0	114318.0	69036.9	84141.0	62115.6	82678.4	97508.7	123259.0	117973.0	66619.4	82114.0	
166.0180421_MZ	Homocysteinesulfinic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Homocysteinesulfinic acid, is involved in many metabolic pathways including trans-sulfuration in cysteine synthesis, re-methylation in methionine synthesis,. trans-methylation of DNA, proteins, and lipids, and biosynthesis of small hormonal and neuronal signaling molecules.	C4H9NO4S		None	None	None	959134.0	702309.0	1516680.0	1278800.0	1060980.0	1356610.0	696603.0	808493.0	2012920.0	1281010.0	1584850.0	1301700.0	711679.0	1058430.0	680301.0	824416.0	763858.0	1124560.0	1760540.0	2268320.0	1137490.0	1302600.0	666902.0	1653820.0	1476280.0	746991.0	1174990.0	1406290.0	896127.0	646653.0	841438.0	922406.0	468282.0	1705490.0	1518120.0	1829170.0	2422220.0	1138650.0	1304470.0	
166.9751266_MZ	Phosphoenolpyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is an important chemical compound in biochemistry. It has a high energy phosphate bond, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In glycolysis, PEP is formed by the action of the enzyme enolase on 2-phosphoglycerate. Metabolism of PEP to pyruvate by pyruvate kinase (PK) generates 1 molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via substrate-level phosphorylation. ATP is one of the major currencies of chemical energy within cells. In gluconeogenesis, PEP is formed from the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate and hydrolysis of 1 guanosine triphosphate molecule. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). This reaction is a rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis. (wikipedia).	C3H5O6P		None	None	None	3967.99	5054.91	6005.58	4040.06	6297.17	5092.61	6581.76	5416.59	5820.49	5512.3	5109.87	5584.41	6921.55	6096.59	4405.51	4072.14	4653.77	4726.66	4750.47	5067.38	4484.81	3914.22	5957.73	4735.58	4191.39	5487.34	3956.85	4221.29	5064.35	7724.26	4616.4	4648.69	3794.28	5137.15	4838.84	4373.56	3802.46	5656.82	4613.74	
167.0209758_MZ	Uric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uric acid is a heterocyclic purine derivative that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. It is produced by the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which oxidizes oxypurines such as xanthine into uric acid. In most mammals, except humans and higher primates, the enzyme uricase further oxidizes uric acid to allantoin. Uric acid is also the end product of nitrogen metabolism in birds and reptiles. In such species, it is excreted in feces as a dry mass. Humans produce only small quantities of uric acid with excess accumulation leading to a type of arthritis known as gout. The loss of uricase in higher primates parallels the similar loss of the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid vitamin C. This may be because in higher primates uric acid partially replaces ascorbic acid.	C5H4N4O3		None	None	None	316306.0	260903.0	393775.0	184139.0	254328.0	488584.0	336969.0	329813.0	167527.0	360490.0	380558.0	302053.0	411690.0	301239.0	318055.0	399475.0	328046.0	386315.0	444866.0	248875.0	404228.0	308872.0	151902.0	367979.0	383867.0	367825.0	487331.0	237620.0	361270.0	281090.0	311508.0	442083.0	193536.0	339812.0	136134.0	250280.0	462337.0	165032.0	169453.0	
167.0966406_MZ	Nornicotine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nornicotine is an alkaloid extracted from tobacco and related to nicotine but having a lower toxicity: used as an agricultural and horticultural insecticide.	C9H12N2		None	None	None	2388.35	2147.51	2723.99	2153.53	2594.47	3165.13	2325.98	2814.14	1745.98	2425.23	3238.53	2543.44	2276.25	2629.86	2419.9	2694.6	2302.16	2464.83	2860.64	1742.72	2618.99	2241.43	1795.87	2317.19	2300.63	2487.09	2808.23	1928.8	2614.37	2091.55	2289.69	2683.71	1798.74	2222.74	1692.63	2288.64	2821.59	1861.83	2038.49	
167.1077452_MZ	trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonate and linoeate, while essential to health maintenance, are subject to random peroxidation by ambient oxygen, resulting in fragmented and reactive decomposition products. One prominent autoxidation product of either trilinolein or arachidonic acid is trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal. This aldehyde is responsible for a pungent metallic flavor of decomposed lipids, with a detection threshold of 1.5 pg/l in air.1 trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-Decenal also reacts with nucleophiles (lysine amino groups) on proteins, leading to loss of cell function and viability.2 This reactive aldehyde is therefore a useful tool in elucidating the effects of peroxidative damage in experimental models.	C10H16O2		None	None	None	13092.0	20152.9	28265.7	18257.5	25827.9	30416.6	19132.1	20927.5	18504.9	20883.2	35120.1	19562.4	17761.9	26730.2	15335.1	10737.2	14590.5	13300.8	11259.5	13358.1	27847.4	11112.7	14539.7	23487.7	13508.3	20249.7	13078.8	11577.5	32507.8	15840.5	16975.6	12007.1	11410.6	15339.9	11618.6	16014.9	13961.0	14816.6	23373.7	
167.9979939_MZ	Cysteic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C3H7NO5S		None	None	None	4133.61	3997.2	5471.04	3974.83	4763.3	4681.85	4882.78	4972.04	4791.17	4057.48	5234.53	4386.9	5021.77	4059.17	3095.5	6160.77	5614.45	4548.52	4583.49	5358.5	4092.17	5190.52	4888.09	4367.25	4586.98	3967.52	4485.68	5719.11	4757.64	4267.27	3441.24	4301.27	4738.15	6427.46	5500.74	3957.74	4754.23	5841.39	5013.07	
168.0666064_MZ	Pyridoxine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Pyridoxine is one of the compounds that can be called vitamin B6. Pyridoxine assists in the balancing of sodium and potassium as well as promoting red blood cell production. It is linked to cancer immunity and helps fight the formation of homocysteine. It has been suggested that Pyridoxine might help children with learning difficulties, and may also prevent dandruff, eczema, and psoriasis. In addition, pyridoxine can help balance hormonal changes in women and aid in immune system. Lack of pyridoxine may cause anemia, nerve damage, seizures, skin problems, and sores in the mouth. -- Wikipedia Deficiency, though rare because of widespread distribution in foods, leads to the development of peripheral neuritis in adults and affects the central nervous system in children (DOSE - 3rd edition).	C8H11NO3, Norepinephrine, 6-Hydroxydopamine, 5-Hydroxydopamine		None	None	None	15465.1	15412.0	12859.2	14770.7	10617.3	13820.7	11889.3	12413.3	13577.4	11319.4	11306.3	8877.4	20934.1	11165.0	13393.3	15564.4	14839.3	11809.2	16881.3	11073.2	10388.4	16228.7	10345.3	13035.8	8105.65	10824.9	12673.7	16556.8	20807.5	12805.9	10073.4	9928.74	12790.5	13403.2	11662.4	20645.7	18821.8	12683.7	14369.4	
168.0778102_MZ	1-Methylhistidine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	One-methylhistidine (1-MHis) is derived mainly from the anserine of dietary flesh sources, especially poultry. The enzyme, carnosinase, splits anserine into b-alanine and 1-MHis. High levels of 1-MHis tend to inhibit the enzyme carnosinase and increase anserine levels. Conversely, genetic variants with deficient carnosinase activity in plasma show increased 1-MHis excretions when they consume a high meat diet. Reduced serum carnosinase activity is also found in patients with Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis and patients following a cerebrovascular accident. Vitamin E deficiency can lead to 1-methylhistidinuria from increased oxidative effects in skeletal muscle.	C7H11N3O2, 3-Methylhistidine		None	None	None	17649.5	18580.7	28867.4	25770.5	20954.9	23766.1	21366.9	28711.4	20431.4	19030.4	22817.4	23465.9	17603.8	19746.4	15716.1	12099.5	15628.7	22256.6	25504.1	23739.0	23738.7	16449.4	18951.9	24480.3	27350.3	15228.4	14253.8	20391.1	19697.6	19366.7	19271.4	20562.1	15322.6	23900.5	26527.3	30972.8	14872.3	18653.7	22542.1	
169.0079240_MZ	Diethylthiophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diethylthiophosphate is the most frequent metabolite of organophosphorus (OP) found in urine (PMID 15050412). Organophosphorus compounds are widely used as pesticides because of easy degradation in the environment. Acute OP intoxication results from blockage of the decomposition of synaptic acetylcholine because the pesticide covalently binds to chlolinesterase (PMID 11991535). Chronic exposure to POs has neurological sequelae as well (PMID 8179040) and data suggests that OP exposure alters sperm chromatin condensation (PMID 15050412).	C4H11O3PS		None	None	None	5705.74	3860.73	6818.52	6631.92	5550.8	5995.77	5738.46	5611.25	6244.06	5447.43	6075.9	6085.35	6250.2	4752.63	3405.57	8189.09	7256.65	5777.99	6178.66	6907.81	4871.14	6391.36	10086.5	7804.9	7035.57	7740.12	5598.5	7365.84	5197.62	5563.73	5084.48	6094.85	6284.99	9416.73	5639.13	5840.15	5766.39	7609.03	6984.39	
169.0304572_MZ	Phenylglyoxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenylglyoxylic acid is one of the major urinary metabolites of toluene, o-, m- and p-xylenes, styrene and ethylbenzene. (PMID 3782394). For the biological monitoring of workers exposure to solvent used in industry, its concentration is measured in human urine samples. (PMID 2739101).	C8H6O3		None	None	None	15792.6	16047.9	13849.4	15920.1	13032.6	12010.5	13599.7	19011.9	10620.3	13962.3	14549.4	12644.1	25072.4	18335.3	12482.9	18304.7	12509.4	13080.1	11645.8	15115.5	13131.1	17225.5	20043.8	15928.5	12339.7	13067.6	16568.1	15767.9	14469.9	14740.0	17118.3	16218.2	15456.2	16828.6	11432.8	17779.6	14291.0	14307.0	14351.9	
169.1232940_MZ	cis-4-Decenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Decenoic acid (and other intermediates of unsaturated fatty acid oxidation) has been found in increased amounts in liver, skeletal muscle and heart obtained post mortem from patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD) (PMID 11486898).	C10H18O2, trans-Dec-2-enoic acid, 8-Methylnonenoate		None	None	None	12055.9	16071.9	17662.8	13323.7	14169.8	18396.6	12757.5	14514.1	13710.0	13594.6	18040.1	14446.5	12631.8	16945.4	12354.6	12506.0	11980.6	12688.6	11197.7	10893.3	18178.7	13698.3	11270.6	16220.8	9259.88	14239.9	10870.6	9588.7	19062.8	10901.0	11625.7	10936.1	9647.01	9915.11	11660.6	12478.3	11738.0	11121.2	12125.3	
170.0454569_MZ	Tetrahydrodipicolinate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetrahydrodipicolinate, converted from L-aspartate, is an important intermediate in lysine biosynthesis pathway. Several pathways are now recognized in bacteria, most algae, fungi and higher plants for the biosynthesis of lysine. They are divided into two groups - the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathways, and the &#945;-aminoadipate (AAA) pathways. In the pathways that belong to the DAP group, lysine is produced from aspartate (along with methionine, threonine and isoleucine). All of these pathways share the upper segments, which include the four steps required for conversion of L-aspartate to tetrahydrodipicolinate. They also share the last step, which is the conversion of the intermediate meso-diaminopimelate (D,L-DAP, or meso-DAP) to lysine. However, these pathways differ in the routes leading from tetrahydrodipicolinate to meso-diaminopimelate. The four variations include: (I) the succinylase variant, which involves succinylated intermediates. In this route tetrahydrodipicolinate is coverted to meso-diaminopimelate in four enzymatic steps; (II) the acetylase variant, which involves acetylated intermediates. This route also involves four enzymatic steps for the conversion of tetrahydrodipicolinate to meso-diaminopimelate; (III) the dehydrogenase variant, in which tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in a single enzymatic step; (IV) the diaminopimelate-aminotransferase variant, in which tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in two steps. In addition to lysine, the pathways in this group also produce meso-DAP, which is an important metabolite on its own.	C7H9NO4		None	None	None	29803.0	31443.9	24402.5	17422.7	30902.3	38775.2	27674.4	19887.7	26672.0	27522.1	22153.5	18856.5	38797.0	35972.5	38607.8	41987.0	23821.4	22997.2	22269.3	19908.1	28661.3	19894.8	32856.3	32837.6	14449.9	24940.7	26563.4	40818.2	35861.3	26526.9	30875.6	16560.0	19926.2	15713.1	18265.7	28886.3	31353.8	15149.9	22073.7	
170.1183614_MZ	Gabapentin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C9H17NO2		None	None	None	3539.41	4317.44	4192.09	3469.45	3698.08	3751.18	4089.03	4424.24	3752.96	3454.87	3982.96	3252.55	3291.95	3713.83	2649.44	6470.54	3398.25	4334.16	3511.33	3331.76	3396.35	4713.57	3454.33	4157.27	2946.07	3661.33	4357.19	3217.32	3637.38	3992.29	3333.75	3239.99	3692.63	3427.43	3392.54	3212.86	3992.27	3650.86	4279.59	
171.0065094_MZ	Glycerol 3-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycerol 3-phosphate is a chemical intermediate in the glycolysis metabolic pathway. It is commonly confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Glycerol 3-phosphate is produced from glycerol, the triose sugar backbone of triglycerides and glycerophospholipids, by the enzyme glycerol kinase. Glycerol 3-phospate may then be converted by dehydrogenation to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) by the enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. DHAP can then be rearranged into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P) by triose phosphate isomerase (TIM), and feed into glycolysis. The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is used to rapidly regenerate NAD+ in the brain and skeletal muscle cells of mammals (wikipedia).	C3H9O6P, Beta-Glycerophosphoric acid		None	None	None	3197050.0	2377260.0	2391380.0	1918430.0	2352360.0	3597920.0	2633320.0	2229190.0	2617750.0	2377930.0	3029190.0	2811700.0	1727880.0	2546080.0	2349540.0	2060730.0	2152540.0	2164530.0	3607730.0	1778200.0	2729150.0	2512760.0	1819110.0	2965450.0	2969930.0	1837310.0	2191460.0	3082620.0	3101040.0	2898440.0	1991850.0	2502700.0	1141130.0	2159550.0	2239060.0	2508820.0	3424850.0	2044560.0	1962770.0	
171.1390527_MZ	Capric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Capric acid is a member of the series of fatty acids found in oils and animal fats. The names of Caproic, Caprylic, and Capric acids are all derived from the word caper (Latin: 'goat'). These are colorless light yellowish transparent oily liquids with unconfortable smells. These are used in organic synthesis, manufacture of perfume, medicine, lubricating grease, rubber and dye.(ChemicalLAND21).	C10H20O2		None	None	None	58273.3	69927.4	66517.0	47841.8	49735.9	71129.2	61533.2	78071.8	53871.3	58584.5	55097.4	47192.2	58307.4	59406.4	48024.0	68630.7	66351.2	74120.7	57711.9	54161.3	52065.8	87927.4	51430.6	72358.2	45007.5	57794.2	72241.6	53264.1	57798.8	52023.9	42436.9	68810.8	52970.4	43854.3	48518.6	64722.3	62193.7	53738.4	50178.2	
172.0980498_MZ	Hexanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hexanoylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycineHexanoylglycine is a fatty acid metabolite, it appears in the urine of patients with hereditary medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency (PMID 2775902).	C8H15NO3, Isovalerylalanine, Isovalerylsarcosine		None	None	None	52369.8	41835.6	43046.2	56648.6	48904.3	43797.9	28637.3	32795.0	41498.1	27621.6	40494.1	66005.3	35891.2	27353.1	115116.0	56630.2	31901.1	38254.8	31481.2	23061.4	26762.1	28466.0	41187.4	49037.1	31774.4	28158.5	34896.4	51103.3	40099.5	27172.7	50851.4	21080.9	18070.3	24706.8	36283.6	22687.0	48383.6	29910.5	45267.8	
173.0087921_MZ	Dehydroascorbic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dehydroascorbic acid is the oxidized form of vitamin C. Reduced Vitamin C concentrations in the brain exceed those in blood by 10 fold. Dehydroascorbic acid readily enters the brain and is retained in the brain tissue in the form of ascorbic acid (ascorbic acid is not able to cross the blood-brain barrier). Therefore, transport of dehydroascorbic acid by the Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1, Glucose transporters are integral membrane glycoproteins involved in transporting glucose into most cells. GLUT1 is a major glucose transporter in the mammalian blood-brain barrier. It is present at high levels in primate erythrocytes and brain endothelial cells.) is a mechanism by which the brain acquires vitamin C. (OMIM 138140).	C6H6O6, cis-Aconitic acid, trans-Aconitic acid		None	None	None	78127.3	77082.2	106768.0	90387.8	147529.0	129407.0	139580.0	72027.0	98908.0	103081.0	110711.0	117928.0	116322.0	119728.0	128842.0	82998.7	138192.0	95783.0	78196.9	70309.7	94743.6	61910.5	114623.0	91963.7	106700.0	137650.0	93769.1	83286.0	113646.0	185511.0	223487.0	90458.6	82079.8	95741.0	70802.9	78295.6	74556.1	78175.7	84286.4	
173.0455782_MZ	2-Isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate is an intermediate in leucine biosynthesis and can be generated from (2R,3S)-3-Isopropylmalate. It is the third step in leucine biosynthesis after the fork from valine synthesis. It is an oxidative decarboxylation. Leucine biosynthesis involves a five-step conversion process starting with the valine precursor 2-keto-isovalerate. The final step in this pathway is catalyzed by two transaminases of broad specificity, Branched-chain amino acid transferase (IlvE) and Tyrosine aminotransferase (TyrB). In this pathway 2-Isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate is converted to 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate via spontaneous reaction.(BioCyc).	C7H10O5, Shikimic acid		None	None	None	14433.1	13343.9	66011.5	17349.1	21775.0	13799.9	26485.7	43399.2	11646.9	13395.1	15243.9	12180.9	13640.5	46282.4	24027.7	13901.8	14244.4	44571.2	11665.2	10025.8	12424.7	13913.0	15365.8	31013.2	10568.5	21412.9	20060.8	10505.8	17126.4	10628.7	14723.3	25580.0	16701.7	10416.4	10061.0	11582.9	18921.0	11363.0	11161.7	
173.0566678_MZ	N-Acetylasparagine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylasparagine is produced by degradation of asparagine and identified in human urine.	C6H10N2O4, Formiminoglutamic acid		None	None	None	21635.2	28153.8	22593.3	20171.8	22215.4	25482.5	17999.0	21007.0	22538.0	15757.9	19533.3	21545.5	21613.5	23979.0	48458.7	21325.0	15155.8	18499.5	17654.3	12168.4	19177.9	14383.1	22725.8	21354.9	11255.0	22234.4	18256.5	27459.4	27670.0	18841.0	21827.1	13556.5	14400.4	11440.5	15197.7	16876.5	22954.2	12774.4	14805.6	
173.0818531_MZ	Suberic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Suberic acid, also octanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H12(COOH)2. It is present in the urine of patients with Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders (PMID 10404733). A metabolic breakdown product derived from oleic acid. Elevated levels of this unstaruated dicarboxylic acid are found in individuals with dicarboxylic acid and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD).	C8H14O4, Ethyladipic acid		None	None	None	56187.0	56975.2	36712.7	49223.5	24490.6	37380.9	25503.1	38923.1	47421.0	30621.2	30165.5	18897.0	31165.3	28770.1	32509.0	23007.8	24685.3	28459.7	50744.4	19901.3	28165.0	66495.5	41903.3	51170.4	17451.0	25997.0	26845.5	19598.5	61977.2	20407.4	21065.6	25085.8	21917.2	17471.8	46758.1	23762.9	56297.9	44614.6	17144.9	
173.0933320_MZ	N-Acetylornithine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylornithine is a minor components of deproteinized blood plasma of human blood. Human blood plasma contains a variable amount of acetylornithine, averaging 1.1 +/- 0.4 mumol/l (range 0.8--0.2 mumol/l). Urine contains a very small amount of acetylornithine, approximately 1 nmol/mg creatinine (1 mumol/day). (PMID: 508804).	C7H14N2O3		None	None	None	17848.1	18965.6	13430.5	18745.6	12288.7	16816.0	11423.0	13001.7	18069.3	10761.6	14906.6	11273.5	13575.6	11435.4	22710.6	10340.9	11838.9	12252.7	16122.9	12448.9	14523.4	15821.6	18206.6	18038.9	11164.1	17120.9	9815.38	15951.9	23344.5	12415.8	14813.9	9854.39	8813.63	10455.9	17280.0	24037.2	20170.1	15389.3	10460.0	
173.1042000_MZ	L-Arginine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Arginine is an essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. In mammals, arginine is formally classified as a semiessential or conditionally essential amino acid, depending on the developmental stage and health status of the individual. Infants are unable to effectively synthesize arginine, making it nutritionally essential for infants. Adults, however, are able to synthesize arginine in the urea cycle. Arginine can be considered to be a basic amino acid as the part of the side chain nearest to the backbone is long, carbon-containing and hydrophobic, whereas the end of the side chain is a complex guanidinium group. With a pKa of 12.48, the guanidinium group is positively charged in neutral, acidic and even most basic environments. Because of the conjugation between the double bond and the nitrogen lone pairs, the positive charge is delocalized. This group is able to form multiple H-bonds. L-arginine is an amino acid that has numerous functions in the body. It helps dispose of ammonia, is used to make compounds such as nitric oxide, creatine, L-glutamate, L-proline, and it can be converted to glucose and glycogen if needed. In large doses, L-arginine also stimulates the release of hormones growth hormone and prolactin. Arginine is a known inducer of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and is responsible for inducing protein synthesis through the mTOR pathway. mTOR inhibition by rapamycin partially reduces arginine-induced protein synthesis PMID: 20841502. Catabolic disease states such as sepsis, injury, and cancer cause an increase in arginine utilization, which can exceed normal body production, leading to arginine depletion. Arginine also activates AMP kinase (AMPK) which then stimulates skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and muscle glucose uptake, thereby increasing insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells. PMID: 21311355 Arginine is found in plant and animal proteins, such as dairy products, meat, poultry, fish, and nuts. The ratio of L-arginine to lysine is also important - soy and other plant proteins have more L-arginine than animal sources of protein.	C6H14N4O2		None	None	None	17362.9	15705.9	13005.0	10457.2	21522.1	20117.5	14436.5	17101.4	14514.6	11610.7	12158.5	11673.5	22209.0	17493.6	21385.3	16725.6	29731.8	18074.7	14482.4	7283.85	14795.8	14483.7	10389.9	14442.3	10087.2	42083.2	16522.3	10095.1	14997.5	12753.9	15109.1	20919.8	9625.34	11482.3	8898.69	9250.54	27031.4	9448.47	11051.0	
174.0163787_MZ	Monodehydroascorbate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C6H7O6		None	None	None	24264.0	28107.9	24998.6	29380.1	25621.1	23618.6	24668.7	25612.1	20942.6	16837.6	20222.1	24432.2	20387.6	24032.1	29897.0	24033.2	24348.5	25524.7	26791.7	15091.6	21841.0	23224.2	25603.7	23715.4	26131.2	29759.3	25335.1	23697.0	14779.3	27007.9	42137.2	25003.6	17521.9	22020.0	23393.5	23945.2	25260.6	18683.3	17749.3	
174.0407174_MZ	N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylaspartic acid is a derivative of aspartic acid. It is the second most concentrated molecule in the brain after the amino acid glutamate. It is synthesized in neurons from the amino acid aspartate and acetyl coenzyme A. The various functions served by N-acetylaspartic acid are still under investigation, but the primary proposed functions include:. 1) A neuronal osmolyte that is involved in fluid balance in the brain 2) A source of acetate for lipid and myelin synthesis in oligodendrocytes, the glial cells that myelinate neuronal axons 3) A precursor for the synthesis of the important neuronal dipeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate 4)N-Acetylaspartic acid may also be involved in energy production from the amino acid glutamate in neuronal mitochondria.	C6H9NO5, N-Formyl-L-glutamic acid		None	None	None	35380.6	23134.9	42714.7	27454.0	25796.6	54096.5	34827.5	31671.6	26865.0	24050.7	20696.5	32914.3	194254.0	30018.7	37122.9	22543.3	29081.5	29213.8	26916.1	26189.4	29949.8	21627.9	25999.6	28028.5	21560.0	41332.6	25225.0	39882.9	28145.1	28678.9	27251.2	34796.4	22798.0	19390.8	24416.3	23804.7	22704.3	24724.6	21716.4	
174.0769717_MZ	N-Carboxyethyl-g-aminobutyric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Induces formation of Epstein Barr Virus lymphocytes immediately following infection. (282990).	C7H13NO4		None	None	None	6313.58	6666.07	7044.9	9904.55	4926.89	7057.58	6179.2	6628.8	6911.74	5262.46	6413.42	5566.51	6781.3	5427.0	7391.3	4394.43	5638.09	5009.9	4918.7	4307.53	7716.69	5175.03	6342.68	8405.64	4146.93	6717.77	5169.33	6146.27	7911.75	5987.63	8078.77	4826.67	3911.34	3800.36	6825.2	5242.99	6077.26	4785.21	6280.81	
174.0883657_MZ	Citrulline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Citrulline is an amino acid made from ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate in one of the central reactions in the urea cycle. It is also produced from arginine as a by-product of the reaction catalyzed by NOS family (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39). In this reaction arginine is first oxidized into N-hydroxyl-arginine, which is then further oxidized to citrulline concomitant with the release of nitric oxide. EC 1.14.13.39). Citrulline's name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon, from which it was first isolated.	C6H13N3O3, Argininic acid		None	None	None	19407.3	15483.7	10920.8	12970.0	8542.85	20194.4	14174.3	14413.1	10636.2	17205.3	14680.3	7999.14	22122.6	12733.4	24878.0	14741.7	10199.6	10705.1	13101.1	9238.35	10772.1	13516.7	14903.9	15188.9	6333.73	12680.2	11301.4	12506.5	19882.0	15442.4	18321.5	11910.0	9735.41	10200.5	11655.8	14787.7	19288.4	12415.3	8834.63	
175.0248617_MZ	D-Glucurono-6,3-lactone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-glucurono-6,3-lactone participates in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism. D-glucurono-6,3-lactone is produced by the reaction between D-glucaric acid and the enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC: 1.2.1.3].	C6H8O6, Ascorbic acid		None	None	None	11965700.0	15445400.0	12065900.0	17343900.0	12830300.0	8335560.0	10561100.0	13617200.0	10173700.0	6755640.0	8745200.0	9090180.0	9645480.0	11525600.0	12789500.0	11553200.0	13622400.0	13863600.0	12686700.0	6323820.0	10497900.0	13604500.0	14231300.0	12415400.0	14477800.0	16677200.0	12880700.0	12295300.0	3860880.0	11157600.0	17474800.0	14860800.0	9524930.0	11693000.0	14020400.0	9842090.0	12286800.0	10340200.0	7335150.0	
177.0919694_MZ	5-Phenylvaleric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Phenylvaleric acid is a Pentanoic acid of bacterial origin, occasionally found in human biofluids. (PMID 9389332).	C11H14O2		None	None	None	9617.38	12086.2	18774.5	13297.7	18192.5	15637.1	13182.1	14030.6	12769.4	13864.9	22562.7	13231.0	11159.7	18338.9	10584.5	10340.0	11770.3	14225.5	8228.18	11709.1	13506.5	9730.57	11078.2	16207.6	11107.4	12333.7	11049.2	9274.55	15345.1	8378.42	10355.9	11499.4	9752.72	11285.4	9034.92	10862.9	9857.19	11702.2	16138.3	
178.0509898_MZ	Hippuric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hippuric acid is an acyl glycine formed by the conjugation of benzoic aicd with glycine. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Hippuric acid is a normal component of urine and is typically increased with increased consumption of phenolic compounds (tea, wine, fruit juices). These phenols are converted to benzoic acid which is then converted to hippuric acid and excreted in the urine. Hippuric acid is the most frequently used biomarker in the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toluene. This product of solvent biotransformation may be also found in the urine of individuals who have not been exposed to the solvent. A smaller fraction of the absorbed toluene is oxidized to aromatic compounds including ortho-cresol, which is not found significantly in the urine of nonexposed individuals. The concentration of hippuric acid in the urine of individuals exposed to a low toluene concentration does not differ from that of individuals not exposed to the solvent. This has led to the conclusion that hippuric acid should not be utilized in the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to low levels of toluene in the air. Protein-bound organic acids such as hippuric acid are markedly accumulated in uremic plasma and produce defective protein binding of drugs. (PMID: 9120876, 8734460).	C9H9NO3, 3-Succinoylpyridine, Adrenochrome		None	None	None	8508.41	12192.2	9304.42	22389.7	8547.91	8699.18	9785.97	11188.0	10220.9	9989.85	8359.05	16109.9	7753.82	8163.03	10281.4	8399.77	13272.7	8511.26	7742.22	10279.4	9934.1	8714.73	8384.31	10231.3	9635.52	11751.3	12880.3	9655.5	9444.44	9651.5	10863.0	7446.78	5056.24	6797.65	29630.4	7525.46	10246.6	6765.48	7138.33	
178.0719700_MZ	Fructosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fructosamine is a compound which can be considered as the result of a reaction between fructose and ammonia or an amine (with a molecule of water being released). A fructosamine is also formed when carbonyl group of glucose reacts with an amino group of a protein, as the double bond to oxygen moves from the end carbon atom to the next carbon atom and water is released. Fructosamines formed from blood proteins such as serum albumin are known as Glycated Serum Protein (GSP) or Glycated Albumin, and are used to identify the plasma glucose concentration over time and so assess diabetic control. (wikipedia). Glucose molecules are joined to protein molecules to form stable ketoamines, or fructosamines, through glycation, a nonenzymatic mechanism involving a labile Schiff base intermediate and the Amadori rearrangement. The amount of fructosamine in serum is increased in diabetes mellitus owing to the abnormally high concentration of sugar in blood. The concentration of fructosamine in serum thus reflects the degree of glycemic control attained by the diabetic patient and is useful in monitoring the effectiveness of therapy in diabetes over a period of several weeks, in a manner analogous to the determination of glycated hemoglobin. Of the analytical approaches used to measure fructosamine, affinity chromatography with m-aminophenylboronic acid and the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction method appear to be the most practical means for clinical chemists to assay fructosamine quickly, economically, and accurately. Fructosamine values can readily distinguish normal individuals and diabetic patients in good glycemic control from diabetics in poor control. Unlike glycated hemoglobin, which reflects the average blood sugar concentration over the past six to eight weeks, fructosamine reflects the average blood sugar concentration over the past two to three weeks. Thus a clinical advantage is that fructosamine responds more quickly to changes in therapy, thereby allowing for improved glycemic control. Fructosamine is used in conjunction with determinations of blood sugar and (or) of glycated hemoglobin, or by itself, the fructosamine assay can provide clinically useful information for the detection and control of diabetes. (PMID: 3319287).	C6H13NO5, Glucosamine		None	None	None	3203.69	3680.24	2506.28	3318.41	5043.41	3351.2	3250.44	3965.5	6869.36	3102.86	2953.25	2824.74	3156.44	4098.53	2815.09	1920.98	6222.91	2587.73	2810.75	2986.7	2916.65	3170.82	3660.93	4015.17	2797.35	9542.54	3496.85	2582.5	4685.93	4771.26	4833.58	2569.78	5032.94	2200.77	4266.45	2956.55	5752.76	2516.35	2082.17	
178.0862658_MZ	(R)-Salsolinol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Salsolinol is an endogenous catechol isoquinoline detected in humans. Salsolinol was detected in urine of parkinsonian patients administered with L-DOPA. This finding stimulated the studies on Salsolinol derivatives in the brain, and gave new aspects of the endogenous alkaloids, which had been considered to occur only in plants. In normal non-alcoholic subjects and alcoholics, Salsolinol and O-methylated Salsolinol were found in urine, cerebrospinal fluid and brains. Salsolinol has an asymmetric center at first position and exists as (R)- and (S)enantiomer. The (R)enantiomer of Salsolinol is predominant in urine from healthy volunteers. Only the (R)enantiomers of Salsolinol and N-methylated Salsolinol occur in the human brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and intraventricular fluid (IVF), and the (S)enantiomers were not detected. (R)salsolinol synthase catalyzes the enantio-selective synthesis of (R)Salsolinol and 1-carboxyl(R)Salsolinol from dopamine with acetaldehyde or pyruvic acid. The N-methylation of (R)salsolinol into N-methylsalsolinol (NMSal) is catalyzed by two N-methyltransferases with different optimum pH, at pH 7.0 and 8.4. NM(R)Salsolinol is enzymatically oxidized into 1,2-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxyisoquinolinium ion (DMDHIQ+) by an oxidase sensitive to semicarbaside and also non-enzymatically by autoxidation. NM(R)Salsolinol and its precursor, dopamine, were found to occur selectively in the nigro-striatum, whereas (R)Salsolinol distributes uniformly among the brain regions. (PMID 14697894).	C10H13NO2, 2(N)-Methyl-norsalsolinol		None	None	None	4926.26	4810.7	5372.8	5384.98	4907.87	5523.07	4909.35	5125.96	5829.5	5152.19	5242.32	5312.44	5135.2	5433.32	5505.78	5744.09	5935.41	5296.75	4973.91	5592.36	4730.22	5110.56	4908.03	5879.92	4847.1	6238.91	4960.84	5568.45	5719.27	4844.13	4367.66	5030.88	6044.31	5264.16	5626.15	5266.39	5254.19	5119.12	5651.93	
179.0463023_MZ	Nicotinuric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nicotinuric acid is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Nicotinuric acid is the major detoxification product of nicotinic acid. It may serve as a simple quantitative index of hepatic biotransformation of nicotinic acid.(PMID: 3243933).	C8H8N2O3		None	None	None	58547.9	38612.6	29194.9	20765.5	31450.4	42820.4	40773.4	46229.2	20666.2	16018.0	23853.6	12543.4	23854.6	17622.5	57230.7	46194.9	27408.9	33812.3	58384.0	10873.2	25865.8	36980.6	24932.9	24652.6	20133.1	42109.8	49052.0	21866.9	29590.7	49271.1	29187.8	43636.0	19607.2	14187.1	20722.2	18602.2	37350.8	27116.0	12134.9	
179.0559938_MZ	D-Glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glucose is a monosaccharide containing six carbon atoms and an aldehyde group and is therefore referred to as an aldohexose. The glucose molecule can exist in an open-chain (acyclic) and ring (cyclic) form, the latter being the result of an intramolecular reaction between the aldehyde C atom and the C-5 hydroxyl group to form an intramolecular hemiacetal. In water solution both forms are in equilibrium and at pH 7 the cyclic one is the predominant. Glucose is a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. In animals glucose arises from the breakdown of glycogen in a process known as glycogenolysis. Glucose is synthesized in the liver and kidneys from non-carbohydrate intermediates, such as pyruvate and glycerol, by a process known as gluconeogenesis.	C6H12O6, D-Galactose, D-Mannose, Myoinositol, 3-Deoxyarabinohexonic acid, Beta-D-Glucose, D-Fructose, Allose, L-Sorbose, Alpha-D-Glucose, Beta-D-Galactose		None	None	None	325049.0	299896.0	385405.0	310545.0	280997.0	470012.0	321105.0	298187.0	349522.0	323137.0	299391.0	384627.0	389464.0	332226.0	358341.0	321754.0	377379.0	359858.0	383954.0	370299.0	396416.0	279998.0	277480.0	406220.0	307311.0	413480.0	370058.0	379219.0	343176.0	297644.0	353398.0	278574.0	263752.0	272219.0	354133.0	487953.0	389087.0	288915.0	321421.0	
180.0666970_MZ	L-Tyrosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tyrosine is an essential amino acid that readily passes the blood-brain barrier. Once in the brain, it is a precursor for the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, better known as adrenalin. These neurotransmitters are an important part of the body's sympathetic nervous system, and their concentrations in the body and brain are directly dependent upon dietary tyrosine. Tyrosine is not found in large concentrations throughout the body, probably because it is rapidly metabolized. Folic acid, copper and vitamin C are cofactor nutrients of these reactions. Tyrosine is also the precursor for hormones, thyroid, catecholestrogens and the major human pigment, melanin. Tyrosine is an important amino acid in many proteins, peptides and even enkephalins, the body's natural pain reliever. Valine and other branched amino acids, and possibly tryptophan and phenylalanine may reduce tyrosine absorption. A number of genetic errors of tyrosine metabolism occur. Most common is the increased amount of tyrosine in the blood of premature infants, which is marked by decreased motor activity, lethargy and poor feeding. Infection and intellectual deficits may occur. Vitamin C supplements reverse the disease. Some adults also develop elevated tyrosine in their blood. This indicates a need for more vitamin C. More tyrosine is needed under stress, and tyrosine supplements prevent the stress-induced depletion of norepinephrine and can cure biochemical depression. However, tyrosine may not be good for psychosis. Many antipsychotic medications apparently function by inhibiting tyrosine metabolism. L-dopa, which is directly used in Parkinson's, is made from tyrosine. Tyrosine, the nutrient, can be used as an adjunct in the treatment of Parkinson's. Peripheral metabolism of tyrosine necessitates large doses of tyrosine, however, compared to L-dopa. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C9H11NO3, 4-Hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid, L-Threo-3-Phenylserine, Beta-Tyrosine, o-Tyrosine		None	None	None	190817.0	149724.0	126328.0	70727.4	118988.0	252759.0	133500.0	138385.0	117708.0	142381.0	133364.0	183397.0	220318.0	152346.0	229418.0	161550.0	172777.0	152730.0	165537.0	144993.0	144836.0	117885.0	103433.0	165587.0	121581.0	163685.0	150830.0	187132.0	179431.0	137650.0	110474.0	123098.0	98100.9	125722.0	127747.0	221481.0	181865.0	109854.0	150055.0	
180.1035825_MZ	L-Carnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Carnitine is not an essential amino acid; it can be synthesized in the body. However, it is so important in providing energy to muscles including the heart-that some researchers are now recommending carnitine supplements in the diet, particularly for people who do not consume much red meat, the main food source for carnitine. Carnitine has been described as a vitamin, an amino acid, or a metabimin, i.e., an essential metabolite. Like the B vitamins, carnitine contains nitrogen and is very soluble in water, and to some researchers carnitine is a vitamin (Liebovitz 1984). It was found that an animal (yellow mealworm) could not grow without carnitine in its diet. However, as it turned out, almost all other animals, including humans, do make their own carnitine; thus, it is no longer considered a vitamin. Nevertheless, in certain circumstances-such as deficiencies of methionine, lysine or vitamin C or kidney dialysis--carnitine shortages develop. Under these conditions, carnitine must be absorbed from food, and for this reason it is sometimes referred to as a metabimin or a conditionally essential metabolite. Like the other amino acids used or manufactured by the body, carnitine is an amine. But like choline, which is sometimes considered to be a B vitamin, carnitine is also an alcohol (specifically, a trimethylated carboxy-alcohol). Thus, carnitine is an unusual amino acid and has different functions than most other amino acids, which are most usually employed by the body in the construction of protein. Carnitine is an essential factor in fatty acid metabolism in mammals. It's most important known metabolic function is to transport fat into the mitochondria of muscle cells, including those in the heart, for oxidation. This is how the heart gets most of its energy. In humans, about 25% of carnitine is synthesized in the liver, kidney and brain from the amino acids lysine and methionine. Most of the carnitine in the body comes from dietary sources such as red meat and dairy products. Inborn errors of carnitine metabolism can lead to brain deterioration like that of Reye's syndrome, gradually worsening muscle weakness, Duchenne-like muscular dystrophy and extreme muscle weakness with fat accumulation in muscles. Borurn et al. (1979) describe carnitine as an essential nutrient for pre-term babies, certain types (non-ketotic) of hypoglycemics, kidney dialysis patients, cirrhosis, and in kwashiorkor, type IV hyperlipidemia, heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy), and propionic or organic aciduria (acid urine resulting from genetic or other anomalies). In all these conditions and the inborn errors of carnitine metabolism, carnitine is essential to life and carnitine supplements are valuable. carnitine therapy may also be useful in a wide variety of clinical conditions. carnitine supplementation has improved some patients who have angina secondary to coronary artery disease. It may be worth a trial in any form of hyperlipidemia or muscle weakness. carnitine supplements may be useful in many forms of toxic or metabolic liver disease and in cases of heart muscle disease. Hearts undergoing severe arrhythmia quickly deplete their stores of carnitine. Athletes, particularly in Europe, have used carnitine supplements for improved endurance. carnitine may improve muscle building by improving fat utilization and may even be useful in treating obesity. carnitine joins a long list of nutrients which may be of value in treating pregnant women, hypothyroid individuals, and male infertility due to low motility of sperm. Even the Physician's Desk Reference gives indication for carnitine supplements as improving the tolerance of ischemic heart disease, myocardial insufficiencies, and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. carnitine deficiency is noted in abnormal liver function, renal dialysis patients, and severe to moderate muscular weakness with associated anorexia. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C7H15NO3		None	None	None	4850.8	4525.82	4438.74	3760.71	4126.22	5297.19	3961.28	4946.39	4889.0	3665.69	4469.73	4882.69	5103.97	4614.59	4259.39	5524.92	4315.75	4720.03	4684.4	4766.46	4578.47	4612.29	3696.91	4585.77	4028.7	4335.58	4261.62	4476.84	4967.65	3612.61	3450.67	3918.27	4057.47	4473.18	4410.02	5733.76	4785.94	3911.67	4570.48	
181.0515113_MZ	Homovanillic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Homovanillic acid is a dopamine metabolite occurring in human biofluids. A high proportion of patients with neuroblastoma excrete increased amounts of it in their urine. Homovanillic acid is a major catecholamine metabolite. It is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes.(Wikipedia).	C9H10O4, Isohomovanillic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, Hydroxyphenyllactic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde		None	None	None	36433.2	35428.3	33964.1	35246.9	34026.6	46229.9	33221.1	29356.6	31318.9	30617.0	33978.7	32191.5	33628.3	28883.4	41143.1	35329.6	29672.9	28263.4	35105.9	24244.2	32393.3	27855.4	28075.8	30023.8	26905.9	29926.8	30143.3	32301.0	45203.2	25504.0	31843.1	27046.9	24359.1	31787.7	31867.8	27608.3	36874.0	27840.3	29017.6	
181.0713942_MZ	Sorbitol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications. Ascorbic acid fermentation; in solution form for moisture-conditioning of cosmetic creams and lotions, toothpaste, tobacco, gelatin; bodying agent for paper, textiles, and liquid pharmaceuticals; softener for candy; sugar crystallization inhibitor; surfactants; urethane resins and rigid foams; plasticizer, stabilizer for vinyl resins; food additive (sweetener, humectant, emulsifier, thickener, anticaking agent); dietary supplement. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary) Biological Source: Occurs widely in plants ranging from algae to the higher orders. Fruits of the plant family Rosaceae, which include apples, pears, cherries, apricots, contain appreciable amounts. Rich sources are the fruits of the Sorbus and Crataegus species Use/Importance: Used for manufacturing of sorbose, propylene glycol, ascorbic acid, resins, plasticizers and as antifreeze mixtures with glycerol or glycol. Tablet diluent, sweetening agent and humectant, other food uses. Sorbitol is used in photometric determination of Ru(VI) and Ru(VIII); in acid-base titration of borate (Dictionary of Organic Compounds).	C6H14O6, Galactitol, Mannitol, L-Iditol		None	None	None	46680.8	40561.8	44975.2	27583.8	47947.7	64840.9	35106.0	80000.3	36192.2	41436.9	37179.3	51266.4	53266.7	41000.2	45388.5	59590.1	54342.1	65488.2	42478.9	37527.5	40627.5	34702.4	32308.2	43570.8	39561.7	40320.6	47723.0	43850.7	46181.3	107166.0	36281.5	36959.3	30031.3	39387.6	38082.7	50823.1	49566.1	35697.7	34726.3	
182.0120396_MZ	L-Homocysteic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Short-term incubation of lymphocytes with homocysteine or its oxidation product homocysteinic acid increased the formation of reactive oxygen species and cell necrosis.	C4H9NO5S		None	None	None	27038.2	27728.7	27231.5	31677.7	23500.8	24431.3	22970.6	32162.5	22555.3	28667.1	25767.3	12373.2	34478.1	28684.2	20549.2	28126.9	27758.7	30297.2	23763.3	18261.4	23167.8	33293.8	21933.0	32519.7	14712.4	27664.2	24764.9	14612.5	28098.6	32848.4	25199.1	29198.6	18905.8	14640.8	26122.9	14670.1	26855.0	21375.5	14689.1	
182.0446311_MZ	4-Pyridoxic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Pyridoxic acid is the catabolic product of vitamin B6 (also known as pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyradoxamine) which is excreted in the urine. Urinary levels of 4-pyridoxic acid are lower in females than in males and will be reduced in persons with riboflavin deficiency. 4-Pyridoxic acid is formed by the action of aldehyde oxidase I (an endogenous enzyme) and by microbial enzymes (pyridoxal 4-dehydrogenase), an NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase. 4-pyridoxic acid can be further broken down by the gut microflora via 4-pyridoxic acid dehydrogenase. This enzyme catalyzes the four electron oxidation of 4-pyridoxic acid to 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a cofactor.	C8H9NO4		None	None	None	20168.3	15166.4	12842.0	8850.09	14829.9	24214.6	14450.5	13573.0	12743.0	14132.1	13616.8	16817.7	14623.8	15562.8	26835.4	28530.2	14473.8	16731.6	13920.2	12143.5	14673.6	11309.8	13493.6	17080.8	13458.7	10419.6	16752.2	21845.0	25827.5	19965.9	13799.0	10982.1	12665.4	11688.2	14399.5	17865.1	13878.9	10490.4	13071.5	
182.9704421_MZ	Phosphohydroxypyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphohydroxypyruvic acid is a prduct of both enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.95] and phosphoserine transaminase [EC 2.6.1.52] in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathway (KEGG).	C3H5O7P		None	None	None	14627.7	13637.5	12801.8	20171.4	14033.1	18123.1	13747.1	10855.5	13906.0	19828.8	16291.9	14005.0	14615.3	17394.3	23260.5	23345.3	18468.1	15075.5	13894.2	16653.7	13818.2	12622.2	15744.3	16178.5	14506.9	14199.9	18179.4	15939.2	15283.8	12133.6	27208.0	14840.0	12944.1	17482.2	15204.4	17218.3	18509.1	15774.0	14641.6	
183.0663014_MZ	Phosphorylcholine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphorylcholine is a small haptenic molecule, is found in a wide variety of organisms. Human hepatic tumors undergo an elevation in the concentration of phosphorylcholine as the principal metabolic change is observed (PMID: 11076016). Phosphorylcholine is the precursor metabolite of choline in the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathways (KEGG, map00260) and in intermediate between choline and cytidine-diphosphate choline in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway (KEGG, map00564).	C5H15NO4P, Vanylglycol		None	None	None	11120.3	11661.0	16957.6	11417.0	13353.3	14470.2	11218.9	13354.5	11243.7	12241.6	16328.5	10265.8	11762.8	16023.8	11373.4	8737.57	9758.32	12064.3	9009.04	8089.07	11262.2	11023.4	9655.07	14540.2	7998.97	10172.2	9328.36	8015.04	14111.5	7552.97	8182.71	10309.0	8675.36	8746.24	10513.9	9156.89	10429.2	10576.7	10037.4	
184.0017390_MZ	Phosphoserine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The phosphoric acid ester of serine. As a constituent (residue) of proteins, its side chain can undergo O-linked glycosylation. This might be important in explaining some of the devastating consequences of diabetes. It is one of three amino acid residues that are commonly phosphorylated by kinases during cell signalling in eukaryotes. Phosphorylated serine residues are often referred to as phosphoserine. Serine proteases are a common type of protease. Serine, organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the L-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein. It is not essential to the human diet, since it can be synthesized in the body from other metabolites, including glycine. Serine was first obtained from silk protein, a particularly rich source, in 1865. Its name is derived from the Latin for silk, sericum. Serine's structure was established in 1902.	C3H8NO6P, DL-O-Phosphoserine		None	None	None	179273.0	179457.0	157715.0	95873.8	128621.0	91402.7	137713.0	272316.0	116597.0	83052.7	147891.0	147367.0	271379.0	165465.0	63651.2	142721.0	95031.3	116319.0	131081.0	146861.0	131914.0	188051.0	159352.0	191061.0	110437.0	124172.0	145862.0	151908.0	143689.0	169324.0	78673.5	176689.0	146501.0	149174.0	113190.0	225660.0	126947.0	127557.0	167626.0	
184.0979742_MZ	Pseudoecgonine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pseudoecgonine is a metabolic byproduct of cocaine. Cocaine is extensively metabolized in the liver, with only about 1% excreted unchanged in the urine. The metabolism is dominated by hydrolytic ester cleavage, so the eliminated metabolites consist mostly of benzoylecgonine, the major metabolite, and in lesser amounts ecgonine methyl ester and ecgonine. Pseudoecgonine is a steroisomer of ecgonine and may be conjugated to CoA to form Pseudoecgonyl-CoA through the action of gut microlfora (PMID: 8572717).	C9H15NO3, Ecgonine		None	None	None	3718.94	3759.43	4765.77	4412.9	3599.73	4876.82	4848.2	3770.7	4039.81	4074.63	4360.57	2636.53	4272.45	4054.93	4278.46	3965.25	4220.46	3292.12	3286.78	2886.39	4630.7	4389.61	3872.79	4917.52	3178.27	3801.43	3498.7	3209.83	4984.7	3837.02	3980.49	3752.66	2999.5	3176.85	4033.39	3454.12	4740.64	3840.68	3676.29	
184.9857957_MZ	2-Phosphoglyceric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Phosphoglyceric acid (2PGA) is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in the ninth step of glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the penultimate step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate. Enolase catalyzes the beta-elimination reaction in a stepwise manner wherein OH- is eliminated from C3 of a discrete carbanion (enolate) intermediate. This intermediate is created by removal of the proton from C2 of 2PGA by a base in the active site. (PMID: 8994873, Wikipedia).	C3H7O7P, 3-Phosphoglyceric acid, 2-Phospho-D-glyceric acid		None	None	None	16902.9	27284.1	19532.6	13752.2	20839.0	19781.9	24780.4	19814.1	25410.8	18903.4	16394.5	20950.6	23101.7	21055.0	19804.1	13776.5	17190.4	15942.8	15377.5	18420.9	18120.3	12852.1	23891.6	16357.3	13201.9	20754.9	16430.8	11979.6	18083.7	32127.9	21039.1	17018.6	10875.6	14654.1	20581.2	15256.1	13795.2	22158.9	15582.3	
185.1182547_MZ	3-Oxodecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	In humans fatty acids are predominantly formed in the liver and adipose tissue, and mammary glands during lactation. 3-Oxodecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, 3-Oxodecanoic acid is converted from Malonic acid via three enzymes; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, fatty-acid Synthase and beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. (EC:2.3.1.41, E.C: 2.3.1.85, 2.3.1.179).	C10H18O3		None	None	None	17528.5	18308.0	27041.6	15971.9	16349.7	18487.2	19281.1	25771.5	15339.6	15326.8	18513.5	13261.9	15783.1	21172.0	14550.6	17337.2	14557.0	21548.5	15733.0	13534.8	16150.1	19809.3	14954.7	19265.0	12733.0	16453.4	16702.7	13022.7	19351.5	14743.5	13685.1	16609.3	14783.2	12441.4	14826.8	14348.0	17843.2	14284.8	14142.6	
185.1546716_MZ	4,6-Dimethylnonanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4,6-Dimethylnonanoic acid is produced in the peroxisomes from pristanic acid (where undergoes three cycles of &#946;-oxidation) and then exported to the mitochondria or hydrolyzed by an acyl-CoA thioesterase and transported to the mitochondrion, followed by reactivation to its CoA-ester inside the mitochondria for full oxidation to CO2 and H2O. (PMID: 11785945).	C11H22O2, Undecanoic acid		None	None	None	29445.3	32178.1	35393.7	21166.5	22930.2	32875.5	25967.2	36348.0	21878.1	24888.1	21984.7	20164.8	29144.0	28125.9	21619.0	28865.4	28542.9	34703.9	23095.4	23032.6	23145.9	39788.6	18905.0	32064.1	17207.3	26360.7	28154.9	20226.9	28976.3	24784.3	19156.7	27766.6	23577.5	18670.8	19199.3	24228.9	26493.8	20144.3	19417.2	
186.0771354_MZ	2-Keto-6-acetamidocaproate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Keto-6-acetamidocaproate is an intermediate in lysine degradation. It can be generated from N6-acetyl-L-lysine. N-acetyl-lysine is an acetylated amino acid. Post-translational lysine-acetylation is one of two major modifications of lysine residues in various proteins. Acetylation of specific lysine residues in the N-terminal domains of core histones is a biochemical marker of active genes. Acetylation is now known to play a major role in eukaryotic transcription. Specifically, acetyltransferase enzymes that act on particular lysine side chains of histones and other proteins are intimately involved in transcriptional activation. N6-acetyl-L-lysine can be converted to 2-Keto-6-acetamidocaproate via the enzyme N6-acetyllysine aminotransferase and then 2-keto-6-acetamidocaproate can be reduced enzymatically to 5-acetamidovalerate.	C8H13NO4		None	None	None	5611.6	4806.95	7165.08	7849.82	3799.53	5829.68	5802.57	6078.92	5044.05	4448.83	5021.32	5364.98	4165.1	4378.13	6039.5	5504.73	4803.08	5158.07	3942.06	3738.47	5166.42	5371.86	4568.01	5995.57	3622.73	5366.19	5404.58	3932.68	6434.51	5948.13	4518.26	4495.49	3547.79	2738.84	5690.38	4111.93	5202.03	4447.9	3996.94	
186.1135939_MZ	N-Heptanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Heptanoylglycine is an acylglycine with C-7 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety. Acylglycines 1 possess a common amidoacetic acid moiety and are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. Elevated levels of certain acylglycines appear in the urine and blood of patients with various fatty acid oxidation disorders. They are normally produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine &#8596; CoA + N-acylglycine.	C9H17NO3		None	None	None	15399.9	15066.3	20386.0	15692.1	8129.48	10916.3	18381.9	15549.8	15147.2	9004.46	9419.11	5947.17	9475.6	9321.1	8388.6	16631.8	10822.6	13511.7	11676.0	5982.53	9279.04	17508.8	13292.0	16571.4	7464.86	8432.0	16872.4	6111.36	15638.7	17093.5	8415.37	8048.08	7800.08	5675.62	14808.2	6879.75	15514.3	13888.5	6358.58	
187.0071900_MZ	p-Cresol sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	p-Cresol sulfate is a microbial metabolite that is found in urine and likely derives from secondary metabolism of p-cresol. It appears to be elevated in the urine of individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis (PMID: 10775436). p-Cresol sulfate is the major component of urinary MBPLM (myelin basic protein-like material). p-Cresol sulfate is a small protein-bound molecule that is poorly cleared with dialysis and is often considered to be a uremic toxin. Uremic toxins include low-molecular-weight compounds such as indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid and asymmetric dimethylarginine (PMID: 18941347). It has also been linked to cardiovascular disease and oxidative injury.	C7H8O4S		None	None	None	30236.7	26953.9	30574.6	22519.1	19164.3	44590.8	4149.07	7333.45	8562.98	5344.36	4548.88	29764.2	21062.5	48395.0	44516.5	5121.95	5341.56	15568.5	3723.24	18187.3	21724.0	16892.6	5880.21	31111.8	18113.5	23523.4	14655.2	33891.4	27794.4	50420.0	5209.07	11261.1	20521.2	25941.7	19617.7	36513.9	5735.26	20184.4	3711.96	
187.0723352_MZ	N-Acetylglutamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylglutamine (GIcNAc) is a modified amino acid (an acetylated analogue of glutamine), a metabolite present in normal human urine. The decomposition products of GIcNAc have been identified by NMR and HPLC-MS as N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, N-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl) acetamide, pyroglutamic acid, glutamic acid, and glutamine. GIcNAc is used for parenteral nutrition as a source of glutamine, since glutamine is too unstable, but GIcNAc is very stable. In patients treated with aminoglycosides and/or glycopeptides, elevation GIcNAc in urine suggests renal tubular injury. High amounts of N-acetylated amino acids (i.e.: N-Acetylglutamine) were detected patient with aminoacylase I deficiency (EC 3.5.1.14, a homodimeric zinc-binding metalloenzyme located in the cytosol), a novel inborn error of metabolism. (PMID: 15331932, 11312773, 7952062, 2569664, 16274666).	C7H12N2O4, L-glycyl-L-hydroxyproline		None	None	None	207340.0	202462.0	167979.0	404640.0	281726.0	169672.0	107612.0	191494.0	214227.0	184774.0	285935.0	364376.0	149713.0	267224.0	317118.0	157744.0	145890.0	143671.0	202963.0	124803.0	182151.0	145061.0	237160.0	210257.0	140601.0	191909.0	181642.0	268252.0	183330.0	169679.0	375260.0	139609.0	141079.0	126192.0	141311.0	170515.0	349890.0	96659.5	214300.0	
187.0976612_MZ	Nonate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nonic acid or the anion, nonate, is a derivative of succinic acid, which is a dicarboxylic acid. The anion, succinate, is a component of the citric acid cycle capable of donating electrons to the electron transfer chain. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) plays an important role in the mitochondria, being both part of the respiratory chain and the Krebs cycle. SDH with a covalently attached FAD prosthetic group, binds enzyme substrates (succinate and fumarate) and physiological regulators (oxaloacetate and ATP). Oxidizing succinate links SDH to the fast-cycling Krebs cycle portion where it participates in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA throughout the whole Krebs cycle. The succinate can readily be imported into the mitochondrial matrix by the n-butylmalonate- (or phenylsuccinate-) sensitive dicarboxylate carrier in exchange with inorganic phosphate or another organic acid, e. g. malate. (PMID 16143825) Mutations in the four genes encoding the subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain succinate dehydrogenase are associated with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations (i.e.: Huntington's disease. (PMID 11803021).	C9H16O4, Azelaic acid		None	None	None	161099.0	164677.0	66183.2	158227.0	57022.7	90800.4	47087.2	75404.1	153795.0	84150.6	87453.6	47204.6	74200.3	67141.9	61567.0	40939.8	63651.1	52764.3	147348.0	50321.9	71534.9	211177.0	123273.0	160604.0	37052.8	54746.7	54031.2	43040.0	161295.0	44719.7	52201.9	52895.3	45365.3	37667.1	139885.0	51250.1	179009.0	129582.0	43215.9	
188.0002991_MZ	Lanthionine ketimine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lanthionine ketimine binds specifically and with high affinity to brain membranes and belong to a class of endogenous sulfur-containing cyclic products provided with a possible neurochemical function (PMID 1761027).	C6H7NO4S		None	None	None	20787.3	17381.4	25012.0	34455.8	18425.5	33080.2	9301.11	17200.3	45555.7	33944.4	35536.5	25675.9	19836.7	21935.2	16509.3	24298.3	11195.3	27851.6	38572.0	53058.8	25453.0	39512.0	12373.3	43586.1	28864.2	11550.6	28327.0	35488.2	21003.5	10561.1	16716.3	17670.6	12567.1	41961.9	37382.3	48535.2	76188.6	24875.8	32651.3	
188.0564272_MZ	Glutarylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glutarylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Glutarylglycine is involved in lysine metabolism. An elevated level of glutarylglycine occurs in patients with glutaric acidemia type II, which is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism due to a mitochondrial respiratory electron chain transport defect. (http://www.pediatricneuro.com/alfonso/pg75.htm).	C7H11NO5, N-Acetylglutamic acid		None	None	None	710036.0	802531.0	696270.0	420573.0	772843.0	594233.0	641112.0	400201.0	709321.0	680017.0	353105.0	259839.0	1121090.0	864959.0	996614.0	1088070.0	380693.0	508284.0	348971.0	420862.0	664492.0	359069.0	1109680.0	746957.0	195104.0	625758.0	500134.0	904458.0	694419.0	531470.0	858725.0	337157.0	453306.0	268179.0	338920.0	583248.0	665489.0	288752.0	402351.0	
189.0404287_MZ	3-Dehydroquinate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	In most organisms, 3-dehydroquinate is synthesized from D-erythrose-4-phosphate in two steps. However, the genomes of the archaea contain no orthologs for the genes that encode these first two steps. Instead, archaeabacteria appear to utilize an alternative pathway in which 3-dehydroquinate is synthesized from 6-deoxy-5-ketofructose-1-phosphate and L-aspartate-semialdehyde. These two compounds are first condensed to form 2-amino-3,7-dideoxy-D-threo-hept-6-ulosonate, which cyclizes to 3-dehydroquinate. From 3-dehydroquinate and on to chorismate, the archaeal pathway appears to be identical to the bacterial pathway.	C7H10O6		None	None	None	59741.1	67868.3	59677.6	104498.0	48821.6	52715.9	43321.6	64888.0	34007.8	45026.4	60182.4	35593.2	72664.3	57411.6	68230.4	56065.2	36803.1	44347.5	61498.8	26115.4	41862.0	51975.7	60924.7	48076.7	42062.7	57505.6	34817.7	41854.9	77306.8	45020.8	81164.6	60300.8	44276.6	49164.9	48828.9	67680.1	57328.0	41727.2	28843.1	
189.0760509_MZ	3-Hydroxysuberic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxysuberic acid is a metabolite derived from the w-oxidation of 3-hydroxy fatty acids and the subsequent beta-oxidation of longer-chain 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acids (PMID 2001377). It has been found increased in ketoaciduria (PMID 1591279).	C8H14O5		None	None	None	16989.9	17562.6	21037.4	20511.4	16090.5	15388.3	14112.3	16629.0	16135.4	14939.4	15054.8	12959.9	17978.1	19993.1	19498.3	17558.6	12378.0	15184.8	11604.4	9999.72	15332.1	13086.7	18359.8	18114.9	8362.99	15345.6	12682.3	14550.8	19332.0	12932.1	18855.3	12000.8	12122.7	7890.3	12973.2	12841.8	16635.1	9945.27	10908.4	
190.0540451_MZ	N-Acetyl-L-methionine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-acetyl-L-methionine is nutritionally and metabolically equivalent to L-methionine. Methionine is a dietary indispensable amino acid required for normal growth and development of humans, other mammals, and avian species. In addition to being a substrate for protein synthesis, it is an intermediate in transmethylation reactions, serving as the major methyl group donor in vivo, including the methyl groups for DNA and RNA intermediates. Methionine is a methyl acceptor for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyl transferase (methionine synthase), the only reaction that allows for the recycling of this form of folate, and is also a methyl acceptor for the catabolism of betaine. Methionine is also required for synthesis of cysteine. Methionine is accepted as the metabolic precursor for cysteine. Only the sulfur atom from methionine is transferred to cysteine; the carbon skeleton of cysteine is donated by serine. (PMID 16702340). The adequacy range of dietary requirements of specific amino acids in disease states is difficult to determine. Requirements may not be similar in disease with regard to protein synthesis. Requirements for this purpose can be assessed only when such a function can be measured and related to clinical outcome. There is apparent consensus concerning normal sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirements. WHO recommendations amount to 13 mg/kg per 24 h in healthy adults. This amount is roughly doubled in artificial nutrition regimens. In disease or after trauma, requirements may be altered for methionine, cysteine, and taurine. Although in specific cases of congenital enzyme deficiency, prematurity, or diminished liver function, hypermethionemia or hyperhomocysteinemia may occur, SAA supplementation can be considered safe in amounts exceeding 2-3 times the minimal recommended daily intake. Apart from some very specific indications (e.g., acetaminophen poisoning) the usefulness of SAA supplementation is not yet established.(PMID 16702341). Methionine is known to exacerbate psychopathological symptoms in schizophrenic patients, there is no evidence of similar effects in healthy subjects. The role of methionine as a precursor of homocysteine is the most notable cause for concern. A loading dose of methionine (0.1 g/kg) has been given, and the resultant acute increase in plasma homocysteine has been used as an index of the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. Although this procedure results in vascular dysfunction, this is acute and unlikely to result in permanent damage. However, a 10-fold larger dose, given mistakenly, resulted in death. Longer-term studies in adults have indicated no adverse consequences of moderate fluctuations in dietary methionine intake, but intakes higher than 5 times normal resulted in elevated homocysteine levels. These effects of methionine on homocysteine and vascular function are moderated by supplements of vitamins B-6, B-12, C, and folic acid. In infants, methionine intakes of 2 to 5 times normal resulted in impaired growth and extremely high plasma methionine levels, but no adverse long-term consequences were observed. (PMID 16702346).	C7H13NO3S		None	None	None	15053.3	11465.2	12974.1	13064.4	14169.1	11538.9	10384.9	10189.0	12643.8	10858.5	9686.73	16271.4	29032.6	10203.5	20608.0	16662.7	8387.96	10615.1	9444.65	9482.71	10140.7	9346.39	12717.5	10348.0	10216.6	11207.2	10521.6	13161.6	11581.7	10316.5	16314.5	9525.86	7768.48	10209.3	9619.93	10817.8	15447.3	8698.82	10401.1	
190.0887455_MZ	5-Methoxytryptophol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Methoxytryptophol is synthesized by the pineal gland. Daily rhythms in pineal methoxyindole metabolism have been described in rodents and humans (5-Methoxytryptophol levels are coincident with serotonin levels in rodents pineal) and 5-Methoxytryptophol at its highest during the daylight hours and fall markedly soon after the onset of darkness, coincident with increases in the levels of pineal melatonin and the activities of pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.87, SNAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.4, HIOMT). The fact that the levels of 5-methoxytryptophol and melatonin vary in parallel suggests that the major factor generating the methoxyindole rhythms is not SNAT activity, but perhaps a change in the availability (for metabolism) of stored serotonin. When the onset of darkness is delayed by 12 hours, human 5-methoxytryptophol (and melatonin) rhythms usually require 3 or 4 days to adjust to the new lighting regimen. Environmental factors, other than light, that activate the sympathetic nervous system or cause epinephrine to be secreted from the adrenal medulla (e.g., the stress of immobilization; insulin-induced hypoglycemia) can override the inhibitory effects of light and accelerate melatonin synthesis. Rhythms in 5-methoxytryptophol (and melatonin) synthesis apparently persist among animals placed in environments of continuous darkness; the source of the cyclic signal (mediated by the pineal sympathetic nerves) has not yet been identified. Preliminary evidence suggests that levels of a peptide hormone, arginine vasotocin, in rat pineal and sera also exhibit daily rhythms and are increased by norepinephrine. The circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion is generated in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Sleep disruption, nightly restlessness, sundowning, and other circadian disturbances are frequently seen in Alzheimer's disease patients. Changes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and pineal gland are thought to be the biological basis for these behavioral disturbances. (PMID 288858, 2245336).	C11H13NO2		None	None	None	2499.02	2311.87	2602.53	2651.58	2540.98	2493.41	2192.17	2213.61	2921.46	2391.2	2576.02	2471.63	2659.78	2753.73	3086.56	2111.31	2007.89	2337.99	2035.83	2243.05	2295.01	2061.99	2601.96	2575.76	2230.17	2342.11	1958.97	2466.2	2735.32	2102.96	2838.81	2026.84	2008.48	1983.19	2352.07	2644.71	2534.23	2010.87	2296.18	
191.0198938_MZ	Citric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Citric acid (citrate) is a weak acid that is formed in the tricarboxylic acid cycle or that may be introduced with diet. The evaluation of plasma citric acid is scarcely used in the diagnosis of human diseases. On the contrary urinary citrate excretion is a common tool in the differential diagnosis of kidney stones, renal tubular acidosis and it plays also a role in bone diseases. The importance of hypocitraturia should be considered with regard to bone mass, urine crystallization and urolithiasis. (PMID 12957820) The secretory epithelial cells of the prostate gland of humans and other animals posses a unique citrate-related metabolic pathway regulated by testosterone and prolactin. This specialized hormone-regulated metabolic activity is responsible for the major prostate function of the production and secretion of extraordinarily high levels of citrate. The key regulatory enzymes directly associated with citrate production in the prostate cells are mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial aconitase. testosterone and prolactin are involved in the regulation of the corresponding genes associated with these enzymes. The regulatory regions of these genes contain the necessary response elements that confer the ability of both hormones to control gene transcription. Protein kinase c (PKC) is the signaling pathway for the prolactin regulation of the metabolic genes in prostate cells. testosterone and prolactin regulation of these metabolic genes (which are constitutively expressed in all mammalian cells) is specific for these citrate-producing cells. (PMID 12198595) Citric acid is found in citrus fruits, most concentrated in lemons and limes, where it can comprise as much as 8% of the dry weight of the fruit. Citric acid is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic (sour) taste to foods and soft drinks. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability. Intolerance to citric acid in the diet is known to exist. Little information is available as the condition appears to be rare, but like other types of food intolerance it is often described as a pseudo-allergic reaction.	C6H8O7, Isocitric acid, D-threo-Isocitric acid, Diketogulonic acid, 2,3-Diketo-L-gulonate		None	None	None	473709.0	417467.0	957474.0	354122.0	869802.0	525949.0	789088.0	764388.0	784470.0	769307.0	727785.0	762803.0	1540710.0	897384.0	191304.0	421889.0	559982.0	534578.0	469539.0	822475.0	510770.0	539961.0	698847.0	654542.0	607620.0	991601.0	478623.0	429304.0	547547.0	689557.0	230389.0	730743.0	506760.0	677950.0	650273.0	518582.0	347730.0	677125.0	695932.0	
192.0669062_MZ	Methylhippuric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Methylhippuric acid is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Methylhippuric acid is a metabolite of xylene which is an aromatic hydrocarbon widely used as a solvant. It'e level can be measured in urine of workers exposed to xylene (PMID 8689499).	C10H11NO3, Phenylacetylglycine, 2-Methylhippuric acid, m-Methylhippuric acid, p-Methylhippuric acid 		None	None	None	10750.9	13513.4	11156.1	9461.8	8032.06	14003.3	10707.3	16623.8	13463.8	11780.5	12796.0	11780.9	10397.0	17773.5	17541.8	8377.59	7940.55	9798.59	14345.3	8809.99	10845.9	11377.2	8923.79	11776.1	11229.1	13453.7	10709.0	14230.3	18342.5	14255.6	11894.4	8906.84	8870.0	9446.86	10665.2	12556.8	13428.3	9459.51	10243.3	
193.0353390_MZ	D-Glucuronic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glucuronic acid is a carboxylic acid that has the structure of a glucose molecule that has had its sixth carbon atom (of six total) oxidized. The salts of glucuronic acid are known as glucuronates. Glucuronic acid is highly soluble in water. In humans, glucuronic acid is often linked to toxic or poisonous substances to allow for subsequent elimination, and to hormones to allow for easier transport. These linkages involve O-glycosidic bonds. The process is known as glucuronidation, and the resulting substances are known as glucuronides (or glucuronosides). Glucuronidation uses UDP-glucuronic acid (glucuronic acid linked via a glycosidic bond to uridine diphosphate) as an intermediate. UDP-glucuronic acid is formed in the liver of all animals.	C6H10O7, Galacturonic acid, Iduronic acid, Pectic acid, Pectin, 3-Dehydro-L-gulonate, 5-Keto-D-gluconate, 2-Keto-L-gluconate		None	None	None	116330.0	94490.4	111807.0	101189.0	53950.6	110596.0	109369.0	77032.2	73838.3	78160.3	99784.3	74296.3	79394.1	75640.9	73303.7	33586.6	35928.1	67839.0	73128.5	73079.0	81302.3	85237.8	70269.2	95089.8	100968.0	76890.9	49162.4	64625.9	71640.0	88406.7	47193.0	69689.3	62620.9	69828.9	88582.7	97163.9	78740.1	61067.0	54030.5	
193.0713540_MZ	Caffeine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant drug in the world that mostly is consumed in the form of coffee. Whether caffeine and/or coffee consumption contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the single leading cause of death in the US, is unclear. The literature indicates a strong relationship between boiled, unfiltered coffee consumption and elevated cholesterol levels; however, there is a critical gap in the literature regarding the effects of coffee or caffeine consumption on fibrinogen or CRP, which is an independent predictor of CVD risk. Available studies are limited by small samples sizes, inclusion of only men (or few women) and unrepresented age or ethnic groups. There is a critical need for controlled laboratory and epidemiological studies that include fibrinogen and CRP markers of CVD risk before conclusions can be drawn regarding the health effects of caffeine and/or coffee in a normal, healthy population of men and women. (PMID: 16856769 ). The relationship between caffeine consumption and various illnesses such as cardiovascular disease and cancer remains equivocal. Prudence might dictate that pregnant women and chronically ill individuals exercise restraint in their use of caffeine, although research suggests relatively low or nonexistent levels of risk associated with moderate caffeine consumption. (PMID: 7844249). There is extensive evidence that caffeine at dietary doses increases blood pressure (BP). However, concern that the drug may contribute to cardiovascular disease appears to have been dampened by (1) the belief that habitual use leads to the development of tolerance, and (2) confusion regarding relevant epidemiologic findings. When considered comprehensively, findings from experimental and epidemiologic studies converge to show that BP remains reactive to the pressor effects of caffeine in the diet. Overall, the impact of dietary caffeine on population BP levels is likely to be modest, probably in the region of 4/2 mm Hg. At these levels, however, population studies of BP indicate that caffeine use could account for premature deaths in the region of 14% for coronary heart disease and 20% for stroke. (PMID: 14747639). Caffeine is a purine alkaloid that occurs naturally in coffee beans. At intake levels associated with coffee consumption, caffeine appears to exert most of its biological effects through the antagonism of the A1 and A2A subtypes of the adenosine receptor. Adenosine is an endogenous neuromodulator with mostly inhibitory effects, and adenosine antagonism by caffeine results in effects that are generally stimulatory. Some physiological effects associated with caffeine administration include central nervous system stimulation, acute elevation of blood pressure, increased metabolic rate, and diuresis. Caffeine is rapidly and almost completely absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and distributed to all tissues, including the brain. Caffeine metabolism occurs primarily in the liver, where the activity of the cytochrome P450 isoform CYP1A2 accounts for almost 95% of the primary metabolism of caffeine. CYP1A2-catalyzed 3-demethylation of caffeine results in the formation of 1,7-dimethylxanthine (paraxanthine). Paraxanthine may be demethylated by CYP1A2 to form 1-methylxanthine, which may be oxidized to 1-methyluric acid by xanthine oxidase. Paraxanthine may also be hydroxylated by CYP2A6 to form 1,7-dimethyluric acid, or acetylated by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) to form 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil, an unstable compound that may be deformylated nonenzymatically to form 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil. Caffeine concentrations in coffee beverages can be quite variable. A standard cup of coffee is often assumed to provide 100 mg of caffeine, but a recent analysis of 14 different specialty coffees purchased at coffee shops in the US found that the amount of caffeine in 8 oz (=240 ml) of brewed coffee ranged from 72 to 130 mg.Caffeine in espresso coffees ranged from 58 to 76 mg in a single shot. (PMID 16507475). Caffeine is a member of the methylxanthine family of drugs, and is the most widely consumed behaviourally active substance in the western world. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that caffeine modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. For instance studies indicate that caffeine and its major metabolite paraxanthine suppress neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis, and also suppress production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha from human blood. Caffeine has also been reported to suppress human lymphocyte function as indicated by reduced T-cell proliferation and impaired production of Th1 (interleukin [IL]-2 and interferon [IFN]-gamma), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5) and Th3 (IL-10) cytokines. Studies also indicate that caffeine suppresses antibody production. The evidence suggests that at least some of the immunomodulatory actions of caffeine are mediated via inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-phosphodiesterase (PDE), and consequential increase in intracellular cAMP concentrations. Overall, these studies indicate that caffeine, like other members of the methylxanthine family, is largely anti-inflammatory in nature, and based on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine, many of its immunomodulatory effects occur at concentrations that are relevant to normal human consumption. (PMID 16540173).	C8H10N4O2		None	None	None	20007.6	20435.3	36000.3	16865.6	14283.8	17733.3	33738.0	30865.4	14505.8	14521.2	13904.6	4321.58	15448.8	23637.9	14705.8	29080.1	19621.9	27889.0	16340.8	5261.0	12067.0	23331.0	13397.7	24666.5	5432.82	22247.1	31385.5	5495.16	18854.0	36035.2	12309.0	20390.0	12136.5	4653.84	13736.2	6109.34	20055.3	13904.6	4512.66	
193.1345051_MZ	Ne,Ne dimethyllysine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ne,Ne dimethyllysine is an intermediate in lysine degradation. Ne,Ne dimethyllysine a methylated form of lysine found in histones that contributes to gene regulation.	C8H18N2O2		None	None	None	1661.64	2707.53	3400.63	3143.99	4847.21	4834.35	2604.4	2073.13	3410.62	3898.23	7098.76	3499.67	2970.19	4264.93	1900.67	1420.93	1776.17	1604.31	1887.43	2704.42	4235.91	1240.27	2473.7	3310.34	2884.48	2469.29	1726.92	2127.03	4707.27	1870.1	2539.11	1589.94	2103.9	3490.94	2055.43	2878.22	2009.21	3037.62	5103.43	
195.0511479_MZ	Galactonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galactonate is increased in red blood cells of galactosemic patients, due to a galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) deficiency ((PMID 14680973, OMMBID: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, Ch.72).	C6H12O7, Gluconic acid, Gulonic acid		None	None	None	4845000.0	4259820.0	5976110.0	6414180.0	3624060.0	7202280.0	3781460.0	3631310.0	5462100.0	3372080.0	3953710.0	6992740.0	5368540.0	4658390.0	3815510.0	4117990.0	3907400.0	3944260.0	3769060.0	2985970.0	4054240.0	3904840.0	4148170.0	4431550.0	3831600.0	3147770.0	3830450.0	4295940.0	4178320.0	4200420.0	2918890.0	3439650.0	3268280.0	3822690.0	7759590.0	4186820.0	4653350.0	3365460.0	3121500.0	
195.9897093_MZ	Selenomethionine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Selenomethionine is an amino acid containing selenium that cannot be synthesized by higher animals, but can be obtained from plant material. Selenomethionine is the major seleno-compound in cereal grains (wheat grain, maize and rice), soybeans and enriched yeast. Seleno-compounds present in plants may have a profound effect upon the health of animals and human subjects. It is now known that the total Se content cannot be used as an indication of its efficacy, but knowledge of individual selenocompounds is necessary to fully assess the significance. Thus, speciation of the seleno-compounds has moved to the forefront. Since animals and man are dependent upon plants for their nutritional requirements, this makes the types of seleno-compounds in plants even more critical. Se enters the food chain through incorporation into plant proteins, mostly as selenocysteine and selenomethionine at normal Se levels. There are two possible pathways for the catabolism of selenomethionine. One is the transsulfuration pathway via selenocystathionine to produce selenocysteine, which in turn is degraded to H2Se by the enzyme b-lyase. The other pathway is the transamination-decarboxylation pathway. It was estimated that 90% of methionine is metabolized through this pathway and thus could be also the major route for selenomethionine catabolism. (PMID: 14748935, Br J Nutr. 2004 Jan;91(1):11-28.).	C5H11NO2Se		None	None	None	7602.26	9625.36	8852.08	14976.9	6527.91	7240.2	7305.57	8133.89	8377.56	7660.94	8493.26	8364.83	12335.1	7939.83	7757.74	6449.03	7561.93	8126.49	7021.57	9486.42	8722.2	9155.98	6470.9	9844.19	7510.63	7166.95	7300.73	8124.24	9764.39	6984.43	8682.48	7201.56	6958.51	8826.78	10030.4	7939.8	8811.59	7804.13	9827.9	
196.9846799_MZ	Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Acyl Ester	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate is found in the glycerophospholipid metabolism and ether lipid metabolism pathways. In the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate is created from glycerone phosphate, a reaction catalyzed by glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.42]. 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate is then converted to 1-acyl-sn-3-glycercol-phosphate or enters ether lipid metabolism. The conversion to 1-acyl-sn-3-glycercol-phosphate is catalyzed by 1-acylglycerone phosphate reductase [EC:1.1.1.101]. Within the ether lipid metabolism pathway, 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate is converted to 1-alkyl-glycerone-3-phosphate through the action of alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase [EC:2.5.1.26].	C4H7O7P		None	None	None	30248.0	28353.3	31375.0	23597.4	32635.3	25052.9	36089.0	40222.5	32766.1	32089.1	35498.6	36755.1	33590.6	38168.4	34657.7	28272.2	33784.9	33937.7	33952.1	39702.3	34022.6	42412.8	31768.0	37478.9	29151.0	31641.9	31352.9	30598.3	28892.9	35667.1	35851.8	31910.2	30351.8	30024.3	29993.0	32387.5	28743.5	29002.8	41050.6	
197.1545285_MZ	trans-Dodec-2-enoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Trans-Dodec-2-enoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, trans-Dodec-2-enoic acid is converted from (R)-3-Hydroxydodecanoic acid via two enzymes; fatty-acid Synthase and 3-Hydroxypalmitoyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (EC: 2.3.1.85 and EC: 4.2.1.61).	C12H22O2, 5-Dodecenoic acid		None	None	None	28759.0	29815.8	25109.9	20565.1	18457.0	32706.8	23961.2	28318.8	19028.7	25555.1	20227.5	15426.6	28117.5	23789.3	18987.2	24122.9	24449.5	25223.7	21396.1	17084.5	23445.2	34731.9	16072.8	28952.2	13712.6	21843.2	24506.9	15513.9	29819.2	20441.6	18600.5	22393.8	18291.1	14732.9	17312.0	21963.8	22875.1	16152.5	14765.5	
198.0220038_MZ	O-Phosphohomoserine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	O-phosphohomoserine is a naturally occurring analogue of phosphonate amino acids. O-phosphohomoserine has been found in trace amounts in shotgun-metabolomics analysis in mouse tissue extracts, and is the substrate of a threonine analog enzyme in murine species. O-phosphohomoserine, an analogue of the excitatory amino acid antagonist 2-amino-phosphonovalerate is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. (PMID: 3528930, 17034760, 17665876).	C4H10NO6P, O-Phosphothreonine		None	None	None	7636.18	5399.91	5479.85	3914.47	5523.45	6444.25	5551.2	6340.15	5151.28	4827.07	5728.22	7403.58	6231.62	5773.28	6615.8	6247.41	4813.35	6338.84	5750.25	5436.72	5019.24	5276.68	4214.0	6694.2	4787.91	5021.17	4582.64	7108.04	7603.65	7598.06	3844.26	4227.18	4038.42	4857.85	5086.03	6358.28	5697.56	3977.96	5024.65	
198.0388248_MZ	Isoxanthopterin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isoxanthopterin is a pteridine normally present in plasma, urine, and other bodily fluids also vary from normal concentrations in some disease states and also have diagnostic value. Pteridines' urinary concentrations seem to vary independently from each other and from normal values to yield a pattern of excreted pteridines that is diagnostic for different species, tissues, and tumor types. Intravenous or intramuscular administration of isoxanthopterin inhibits the growth rates of animal tumor models. Pteridin derivatives are a family of organic compound with very similar chemical structures which play an important biochemistry role. Pteridines metabolism and its regulation in normal and pathological conditions have not been extensively investigated due to the difficulty of their quantification. A significant decrease of isoxanthopterin has been determined in cancer patients. (PMID 15837549, 9800651). Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is the enzymes responsible for the conversion of xanthine to uric acid. It requires the presence of the molybdenum cofactor for its proper functioning. XDH is reported to have additional functions, i.e., the conversion of pterin to isoxanthopterin, one of the steps the degradation pathway of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Isoxanthopterin is very low in some cases of hereditary xanthinuria (OMIM 278300) and molybdenum cofactor deficiency (OMIM 252150). (PMID: 8812740).	C6H5N5O2		None	None	None	4386.12	4136.22	4529.03	3748.18	4102.22	5013.25	3952.96	4461.06	3774.68	4282.46	4810.23	4255.16	5056.15	4865.53	4075.73	4149.77	4513.73	4526.49	3748.97	3646.66	3974.63	5142.04	3386.1	5217.16	3265.49	4675.25	4204.28	3867.99	4842.66	5181.77	4291.24	3606.82	2910.74	3151.92	3895.56	4137.59	4599.06	3224.12	3914.47	
198.1133260_MZ	Ecgonine methyl ester	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ecgonine methyl ester is a major metabolite of cocaine. It is generally not measured by HPLC because it is poorly detectable by UV, and its water solubility makes recovery from urine difficult. Using modified solid-phase extraction procedures, recoveries of 85% for ecgonine methyl ester could be obtained from urine. (PMID:1298401).	C10H17NO3		None	None	None	6822.11	7184.01	5844.09	8204.12	4381.38	6968.41	5872.74	5979.46	6207.81	5604.65	6839.22	5720.99	5690.02	4736.72	6853.23	6897.4	5311.64	5866.51	6678.49	4387.65	6550.74	7124.74	6093.14	7358.46	4592.51	5521.3	5798.14	5540.93	8187.57	5479.67	6244.47	4850.21	4586.16	4291.62	6354.32	5802.07	7215.83	5681.07	6971.72	
199.0019137_MZ	D-Erythrose 4-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphorylated derivative of erythrose that serves as an important intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is also used in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and it plays a role in vitamin B6 metabolism (KEGG).	C4H9O7P		None	None	None	35492.2	33191.6	36649.5	29904.5	34755.4	39277.0	38479.1	35029.1	39056.2	36199.3	36982.0	38941.2	35729.9	40341.9	25724.3	41484.8	38020.1	33856.3	39062.4	45925.2	35197.2	42209.7	32512.3	38463.7	37591.8	37583.0	36070.1	39136.7	41459.3	30730.7	28214.9	35680.7	37423.6	46104.1	37268.1	41893.6	41938.1	35914.4	40757.1	
199.0877249_MZ	5-Hydroxykynurenamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Hydroxykynurenamine is an intermediate in the tryptophan metabolic pathway [Kegg: C05638]. It is generated from 5-hydroxykynurenine via the enzyme DOPA decarboxylase.	C9H12N2O2, Tyrosinamide		None	None	None	4137.0	3904.62	4319.55	2897.57	3499.97	4562.19	4356.33	4845.49	3183.84	3037.49	3547.04	3017.07	3092.64	3646.76	5603.58	3668.79	3278.25	3968.33	3878.78	2331.73	3522.45	3393.07	3076.09	3740.64	2850.06	3744.74	4032.94	3067.52	4359.52	4086.87	3668.85	3532.89	2650.67	2232.36	2694.42	3162.76	3522.3	2740.0	2687.38	
199.0974615_MZ	cis-4-Decenedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	cis-4-Decenedioic acid is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. Its level increases in patients with medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which is a disorder of fatty acid oxidation.	C10H16O4, cis-4-Decenedioic acid, cis-5-Decenedioic acid		None	None	None	18173.1	19088.1	44360.0	18602.1	22568.5	25686.9	23082.4	34792.0	17977.5	19567.3	27263.7	14518.2	19344.9	32083.0	18409.0	14409.6	14905.7	30412.7	13966.3	13566.7	19469.7	18057.7	16660.6	25746.1	12802.6	19187.6	18548.7	11665.0	28076.4	14598.4	13650.9	18621.9	16491.4	13066.2	14848.1	14994.9	17939.7	16015.5	17453.6	
199.1703053_MZ	Dodecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lauric acid, or dodecanoic acid is the main fatty acid in coconut oil and in palm kernel oil, and is believed to have antimicrobial properties. It is a white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil. Lauric acid, although slightly irritating to mucous membranes, has a very low toxicity and so is used in many soaps and shampoos.	C12H24O2		None	None	None	217916.0	212968.0	380708.0	141723.0	156151.0	227711.0	340320.0	379818.0	158486.0	180704.0	133238.0	76352.2	188243.0	218294.0	114691.0	381268.0	225098.0	374412.0	156492.0	100655.0	144364.0	277960.0	133977.0	236646.0	64370.9	186982.0	490167.0	75154.1	218173.0	367859.0	121650.0	224896.0	142872.0	73282.7	139653.0	97358.4	203647.0	142798.0	86152.0	
199.9691094_MZ	Cysteine-S-sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cysteine-S-sulfate (SSC) is produced by reaction of inorganic sulfite and cystine by a yet unknown pathway and is a very potent NMDA-receptor agonist. Electrophysiological studies have shown that SSC displays depolarizing properties similar to glutamate. Patients affected with either Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MOCOD, an autosomal recessive disease that leads to a combined deficiency of the enzymes sulphite oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of sulfite to inorganic sulfate, xanthine dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidase) or isolated sulphite oxidase deficiency (ISOD, an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder with identical clinical manifestations to MOCOD) excrete elevated levels of SSC. This rare disorder is associated with brain damage (seizures, spastic quadriplegia, and cerebral atrophy), mental retardation, dislocated ocular lenses, blindness, and excretion in the urine of abnormally large amounts of SSC, sulfite, and thiosulfate but no inorganic sulfate. (PMID: 17764028, 15558695).	C3H7NO5S2		None	None	None	993.776	1567.71	1484.02	2491.82	1308.99	1636.32	1691.85	1315.28	1711.58	2069.88	1515.19	1270.47	2433.44	2580.37	2456.62	1374.87	1370.74	1324.04	1185.6	1467.56	1503.99	1155.13	1464.41	1531.05	1015.37	1487.95	1181.05	1353.76	1318.18	1502.98	2495.03	1290.05	1274.22	1448.13	1435.91	2020.12	1153.92	1384.57	1268.98	
200.1291653_MZ	Capryloylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Capryloylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. A complex of amino acid protein that helps kill microbes, and protects skin from water loss.	C10H19NO3, Valproylglycine		None	None	None	11643.4	6840.98	14010.0	17842.6	4747.71	12155.6	10715.4	12438.4	6825.8	10442.3	7855.23	4636.07	8043.42	5840.57	7782.89	9287.2	6454.27	10007.1	11582.9	4254.78	10281.7	11319.5	8017.87	10555.6	6777.88	4796.81	10948.8	5179.57	14150.5	11393.0	8817.32	7720.9	4724.04	4678.36	7849.12	6067.44	11937.6	7372.05	5716.53	
201.1130602_MZ	Sebacic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sebacic acid is a saturated, straight-chain naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with 10 carbon atoms. Sebacic acid is a normal urinary acid. In patients with multiple acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) or glutaric aciduria type II (GAII) are a group of metabolic disorders due to deficiency of either electron transfer flavoprotein or electron transfer flavoprotein ubiquinone oxidoreductase, biochemical data shows an increase in urine sebacic acid excretion. Sebacic acid is a white flake or powdered crystal slightly soluble in water that has been proposed as an alternative energy substrate in total parenteral nutrition. Sebacic Acid was named from the Latin sebaceus (tallow candle) or sebum (tallow) in reference to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic Acid and its derivatives such as azelaic acid have a variety of industrial uses as plasticizers, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, candles, etc. It is used in the synthesis of polyamide and alkyd resins. It is also used as an intermediate for aromatics, antiseptics and painting materials. (PMID: 10556649, 1738216, 8442769, 12706375).	C10H18O4		None	None	None	39049.6	38553.6	45056.8	36608.7	28480.0	39170.3	25728.1	53307.6	34047.7	33027.1	32548.3	13186.5	33497.2	40852.2	25430.5	14669.9	32712.0	38175.3	32204.2	14029.4	29856.6	45923.6	33532.7	43891.5	12453.6	35282.5	27434.3	11961.0	41582.2	16268.8	21434.2	34145.1	22672.1	11871.7	35647.6	15557.2	37498.6	29738.0	12664.8	
202.1083944_MZ	L-Acetylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Acetylcarnitine is an acetic acid ester of carnitine that facilitates movement of acetyl CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids. In addition to his metabolic role, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) posses unique neuroprotective, neuromodulatory, and neurotrophic properties this may play an important role in counteracting various disease processes. (PubMed ID 15363640).	C9H17NO4		None	None	None	10407.8	8119.56	7566.57	8921.18	11980.6	20092.9	8859.56	10262.1	10105.1	8053.96	8655.9	12456.0	10431.0	8370.15	26429.9	18483.3	12228.2	12120.5	10265.9	7855.11	11094.8	8953.77	9495.84	11877.7	12878.2	8437.91	11520.8	11828.6	15260.8	9829.34	22086.7	7742.14	5744.84	10361.7	9019.5	9456.16	11895.1	9465.14	8176.94	
203.0673519_MZ	5-L-Glutamylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-L-glutamylglycine is one of the dipeptides that is commonly produced from polypeptides by the action of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase. Dietary proteins are digested to dipeptides and amino acids, and the dipeptides are absorbed more rapidly than the amino acids, because their uptake involves a separate mechanism. Dipeptides activate G-cells found in the stomach to secrete gastrin. 5-L-glutamylglycine is an excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist with a structure similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). (PMID: 6146532).	C7H12N2O5, L-beta-aspartyl-L-alanine		None	None	None	22306.4	20029.5	21310.6	24506.8	17541.3	24535.3	18469.9	20861.4	17675.0	16254.8	18278.2	19766.6	22803.2	18109.9	19686.2	15653.6	17769.1	18905.7	19408.4	17281.4	19517.5	18492.5	20555.9	20877.5	19517.4	21933.7	18156.8	18982.8	21567.2	20787.8	18660.8	18402.8	13863.7	15838.4	19146.2	20921.3	20974.0	17151.4	17128.2	
203.0824159_MZ	Tryptophan	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tryptophan is an essential amino acid which is the precursor of serotonin. Serotonin is a brain neurotransmitter, platelet clotting factor and neurohormone found in organs throughout the body. Metabolism of tryptophan to serotonin requires nutrients such as vitamin B6, niacin and glutathione. Niacin is an important metabolite of tryptophan. High corn or other tryptophan-deficient diets can cause pellagra, which is a niacin-tryptophan deficiency disease with symptoms of dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia. Inborn errors of tryptophan metabolism exist where a tumor (carcinoid) makes excess serotonin. Hartnup's disease is a disease where tryptophan and other amino acids are not absorbed properly. Tryptophan supplements may be useful in each condition, in carcinoid replacing the over-metabolized nutrient and in Hartnup's supplementing a malabsorbed nutrient. Some disorders of excess tryptophan in the blood may contribute to mental retardation. Assessment of tryptophan deficiency is done through studying excretion of tryptophan metabolites in the urine or blood. Blood may be the most sensitive test because the amino acid tryptophan is transported in a unique way. Increased urination of tryptophan fragments correlates with increased tryptophan degradation, which occurs with oral contraception, depression, mental retardation, hypertension and anxiety states. The requirement for tryptophan and protein decreases with age. Adults' minimum daily requirement is 3 mg/kg/day or about 200 mg a day. This may be an underestimation, for there are 400 mg of tryptophan in just a cup of wheat germ. A cup of low fat cottage cheese contains 300 mg of tryptophan and chicken and turkey contain up to 600 mg per pound. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).	C11H12N2O2		None	None	None	93242.1	64953.5	78904.2	55492.4	82909.0	111668.0	70745.3	77713.3	84119.9	79916.1	84405.9	126420.0	118463.0	92824.1	92657.8	86138.1	95781.4	99407.7	98072.6	86636.1	79703.1	61417.3	62959.6	90052.1	82144.5	90412.9	82212.1	95423.4	82406.8	78067.2	62881.7	79456.4	57464.4	98934.9	96764.5	125336.0	90269.5	83655.1	84171.9	
204.0668516_MZ	Indolelactic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Indolelactic acid is a tryptophan metabolite found in human plasma and serum and normal urine. Tryptophan is metabolized by two major pathways in humans, either through kynurenine or via a series of indoles, and some of its metabolites are known to be biologically active. Indolelactic acid is present in various amounts, significantly higher in umbilical foetal plasma than in maternal plasma in the protein-bound form. (PMID 2361979, 1400722, 3597614, 11060358, 1400722).	C11H11NO3, 5-Methoxyindoleacetate, Cinnamoylglycine		None	None	None	10080.9	10381.1	15776.3	9746.64	8299.61	8079.41	15214.5	10544.0	7155.63	5793.67	5305.19	7648.93	6426.56	7021.66	11446.6	22654.2	8170.59	14070.7	8633.97	5804.97	5526.73	8630.7	6461.13	8775.54	4596.59	11139.4	17861.5	5635.07	9191.03	12899.5	7129.6	7277.98	4839.15	4503.4	7796.62	5594.82	10752.9	8718.43	4468.43	
204.1242579_MZ	Pantothenol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	In cosmetics, panthenol is a humectant, emollient and moisturizer. It binds to hair follicles readily and is a frequent component of shampoos and hair conditioners (in concentrations of 0.1-1%). It coats the hair and seals its surface, lubricating follicles and making strands appear shiny. Panthenol is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus the provitamin of B5. In organisms it is quickly oxidized to pantothenate. Panthenol is a viscous transparent liquid at room temperature, but salts of pantothenic acid (for example sodium pantothenate) are powders (typically white). It is well soluble in water, alcohol and propylene glycol, soluble in ether and chloroform, and slightly soluble in glycerin.	C9H19NO4		None	None	None	1972.57	2188.94	2473.42	1793.77	2501.04	1787.59	2048.6	2795.49	2214.99	1669.34	2112.22	1622.67	2336.44	1867.8	1284.35	2855.63	2329.56	2327.14	2173.48	1836.41	1775.24	2376.67	2775.64	1841.07	3222.64	1601.53	3165.78	1433.08	2681.86	1597.93	1514.4	1604.4	1474.07	1680.9	1512.58	1704.47	2342.45	1850.95	1820.5	
204.9915304_MZ	2-Phosphoglyceric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Phosphoglyceric acid (2PGA) is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in the ninth step of glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the penultimate step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate. Enolase catalyzes the beta-elimination reaction in a stepwise manner wherein OH- is eliminated from C3 of a discrete carbanion (enolate) intermediate. This intermediate is created by removal of the proton from C2 of 2PGA by a base in the active site. (PMID: 8994873, Wikipedia).	C3H7O7P, 2-Phospho-D-glyceric acid, 3-Phosphoglyceric acid		None	None	None	4956.8	5309.05	4627.59	5549.69	4877.76	5727.47	5160.83	4768.54	5167.75	5869.13	5300.13	6798.82	5381.03	5319.39	5043.51	6177.25	5511.54	4963.0	5514.53	6385.83	5201.52	5415.14	5320.33	5507.16	6094.59	4899.34	5255.51	7003.08	5418.68	5033.21	5873.3	5058.61	5228.41	6335.6	5324.5	7065.15	5926.89	5294.98	6262.68	
205.0353814_MZ	(R)-lipoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lipoic acid is a vitamin-like antioxidant that acts as a free-radical scavenger. Alpha-lipoic acid is also known as thioctic acid. It is a naturally occurring compound that is synthesized by both plants and animals. Lipoic acid contains two thiol groups which may be either oxidized or reduced. The reduced form is known as dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). Lipoic acid (Delta E= -0.288) is therefore capable of thiol-disulfide exchange, giving it antioxidant activity. Lipoate is a critical cofactor for aerobic metabolism, participating in the transfer of acyl or methylamine groups via the 2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase (2-OADH) or alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA. This activity results in the catabolism of the branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine). Lipoic acid also participates in the glycine cleavage system(GCV). The glycine cleavage system is a multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidation of glycine to form 5,10 methylene tetrahydrofolate, an important cofactor in nucleic acid synthesis. Since Lipoic acid is an essential cofactor for many enzyme complexes, it is essential for aerobic life as we know it. This system is used by many organisms and plays a crucial role in the photosynthetic carbon cycle. Lipoic acid was first postulated to be an effective antioxidant when it was found it prevented vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency. It is able to scavenge reactive oxygen species and reduce other metabolites, such as glutathione or vitamins, maintaining a healthy cellular redox state. Lipoic acid has been shown in cell culture experiments to increase cellular uptake of glucose by recruiting the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell membrane, suggesting its use in diabetes. Studies of rat aging have suggested that the use of L-carnitine and lipoic acid results in improved memory performance and delayed structural mitochondrial decay. As a result, it may be helpful for people with Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease. -- Wikipedia.	C8H14O2S2, 2-Methylcitric acid, Homocitric acid, Methylisocitric acid		None	None	None	22651.6	31611.4	57419.9	54071.5	38514.9	34546.4	28267.1	30008.7	31184.4	28134.4	30992.4	52414.7	42644.0	24009.3	10561.4	12430.1	42371.8	37993.0	18385.4	28869.1	28451.6	17769.2	33604.0	31437.2	33909.4	27356.4	29311.3	16202.0	23553.4	14975.2	18701.8	33247.2	15272.7	33433.6	24579.8	13054.4	28098.7	49303.4	28328.5	
205.1232469_MZ	Ibuprofen	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely marketed under various trademarks including Act-3, Advil, Brufen, Motrin, Nuprin, and Nurofen. It is used for relief of symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, and fever; Ibuprofen is an NSAID which is believed to work through inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), thus inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. There are at least 2 variations of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2), ibuprofen inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2. It appears that its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity are achieved principally through COX-2 inhibition; whereas COX-1 inhibition is responsible for its unwanted effects on platelet aggregation and the GI mucosa. As with other NSAIDs, ibuprofen inhibits platelet aggregation, but is not used therapeutically for this action since it is a minor and reversible effect. -- Wikipedia.	C13H18O2		None	None	None	7009.39	16618.3	26865.7	26790.3	55218.1	57518.0	16141.6	8841.17	33030.0	41838.9	83870.3	30693.3	24580.6	39994.5	12382.8	3660.46	12089.7	6383.51	7719.3	27799.7	45994.3	5456.91	19892.7	25115.8	28432.2	20576.0	7985.63	17057.0	48232.6	10748.1	17429.6	10766.6	18529.6	33188.6	13148.7	28162.0	14127.7	32807.5	53552.3	
206.0593336_MZ	Indoleacrylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Indoleacrylic acid is a natural auxin from lentil roots. Inhibits the growth of mycelia of Neurospora crassa and causes the cells to accumulate indoleglycerol phosphate.	C11H9NO2		None	None	None	12599.4	11592.9	12596.6	14185.6	12980.4	15537.0	11433.3	11110.3	12268.5	13672.2	13205.9	14611.5	16549.4	13230.3	17223.2	14086.1	13820.9	13587.8	12339.5	13053.3	13445.8	10868.4	11664.2	13306.9	12872.5	14302.2	12660.3	15533.8	13361.2	10887.5	12929.2	11771.1	9465.11	13307.3	12651.3	16167.7	14947.7	12118.3	11323.9	
206.0821217_MZ	Phenylpropionylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phenylpropionylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycineThe detection of phenylpropionylglycine in urine after an oral load of phenylpropionic acid can be used to diagnose deficiency of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, a frequent and treatable metabolic defect. (PMID 9234867).	C11H13NO3, N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine, 3-Phenylpropionylglycine		None	None	None	18490.2	17374.8	16809.0	15459.0	23188.8	23370.5	13176.9	13136.5	28427.7	17840.1	29443.1	25726.9	12336.4	25300.1	36170.5	22295.9	19635.2	20824.1	19126.3	13424.9	20189.9	15164.6	13689.2	30669.7	14756.3	26367.2	14673.2	15112.1	21004.8	19258.4	15742.9	15666.6	11395.9	14823.3	15773.8	20475.7	18858.8	13554.4	15304.4	
207.1391422_MZ	3-Hydroxycapric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-hydroxycapric acid is a normally occurring carboxylic acid in human blood plasma. Medium- and long-chain 3-hydroxymonocarboxylic acids represent intermediates in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. They accumulate in the plasma of patients with an inherited deficiency of long-chain 3-hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.35]. (PMID: 1912723). 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (HADH) has been described in diverse clinical cases: in cases of juvenile-onset recurrent myoglobinuria, hypoketotic hypoglycemic encephalopathy, in hypertrophic/dilatative cardiomyopathy, in sudden infant death, and in fulminant hepatic failure. (OMIM 231530). 3-hydroxycapric acid has some shape-transforming action on the membrane of intact human erythrocytes. (PMID: 7318031).	C10H20O3, (R)-3-Hydroxydecanoic acid		None	None	None	19627.7	20521.4	21259.1	16944.0	20362.7	27080.8	16930.1	20414.5	24925.4	19984.8	26928.8	18746.5	22289.9	20778.6	11503.5	13836.5	13948.2	15386.5	13605.2	18964.6	19322.9	20786.5	16772.8	21965.1	19460.2	14802.6	13127.7	21658.4	25747.1	12923.5	13344.8	14039.7	14641.6	17297.5	22862.0	27494.6	14454.6	19417.3	21750.7	
207.1492077_MZ	N6_N6_N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine is a methylated derivative of the amino acid lysine. It is a component of histone proteins, a precursor of carnitine and a coenzyme of fatty acid oxidation. N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine residues are found in a number of proteins and are generated by the action of S-adenosyl-L-methionine on exposed lysine residues. When trimethyllysine is released from cognate proteins via proteolysis, it serves as a precursor for carnitine biosynthesis. Mitochondrial 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase converts 6-N-trimethyllysine to 3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine as the first step for carnitine biosynthesis. Because the subsequent carnitine biosynthesis enzymes are cytosolic, 3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine must be transported out of the mitochondria by a putative mitochondrial 6-N-trimethyllysine/3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine transporter system. Plasma -N-trimethyllysine concentrations are significantly lower in systemic carnitine deficiency patients compared to normal individuals, but no significant difference in urinary -N-trimethyllysine excretion is seen between the two groups.	C9H20N2O2		None	None	None	3331.13	3373.54	3761.92	2832.52	3388.73	4090.31	2777.86	3219.47	4122.86	3215.91	4098.81	2886.99	3529.03	3621.77	1880.12	2372.75	2466.39	2695.69	2463.39	3263.23	3183.85	3387.95	2966.88	3731.7	3275.26	2667.25	2481.25	3442.51	4233.23	2396.61	2226.02	2500.5	2602.08	2896.5	3604.81	4266.48	2541.51	3253.82	3532.64	
208.0526838_MZ	Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.13) which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:. acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine. Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine is an endogenous human metabolite. It can be originated from the metabolism of tyramine, itself is a monoamine compound derived from the amino acid tyrosine. Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine can also be derived from the metabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). In the metabolism of tyrosine, this compound is involved in the reaction Hydroxyphenylacetyl-CoA + Glycine <=> Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine + CoA, catalyzed by acyltransferase enzymes (EC 2.3.1.-). Hydroxyphenylacetylglycine has been identified in human biofluids. (PMID: 14201174, 912020, 716472, 7096501, 7438429, 7438430).	C10H11NO4		None	None	None	5353.61	4374.15	4848.56	3998.78	3827.88	5544.5	4310.47	4169.55	3823.14	4038.32	4092.3	3769.67	4097.64	4260.61	4479.67	5036.31	4157.21	4658.37	4382.44	4096.15	4555.04	3775.59	3905.34	5828.0	3867.37	4338.09	4304.14	4682.88	4934.08	4585.02	3504.67	4001.84	3247.2	4047.54	3529.99	4055.88	4733.55	3610.35	3615.16	
209.0461009_MZ	Vanilpyruvic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Vanilpyruvic acid is a catecholamine metabolite and precursor to vanilactic acid. Accumulation in urine is indicative of Aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase deficiency (PMID 16288991).	C10H10O5		None	None	None	20838.0	18901.7	23609.5	22309.0	20645.7	20694.3	21534.7	27081.9	16342.4	28344.0	24825.2	14529.2	17974.3	23528.9	18910.4	29662.6	23795.4	22337.5	17333.0	12141.7	19927.6	21060.5	17949.0	20739.8	14080.2	23790.4	25609.3	12911.9	22783.1	20080.4	22247.6	27492.7	15018.1	13704.9	15569.5	15691.6	26124.8	16363.3	11811.3	
210.0283355_MZ	Phosphocreatine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Phosphocreatine undergoes irreversible cyclization and dehydration to form creatinine at a fractional rate of 0.026 per day, thus forming approximately 2 g creatinine/day in an adult male. This is the amount of creatine that must be provided either from dietary sources or by endogenous synthesis to maintain the body pool of (creatine and) phosphocreatine. Creatine is an amino acid that plays a vital role as phosphocreatine in regenerating adenosine triphosphate in skeletal muscle to energize muscle contraction. Creatine is phosphorylated to phosphocreatine in muscle in a reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme creatine kinase. This enzyme is in highest concentration in muscle and nerve. Oral administration increases muscle stores. During the past decade, creatine has assumed prominence as an ergogenic (and legal) aid for professional and elite athletes. Most (~ 95%) of the total body creatine-phosphocreatine pool is in muscle (more in skeletal muscle than in smooth muscle) and amounts to 120 g (or 925 mmol) in a 70 kg adult male. Approximately 60-67% of the content in resting muscle is in the phosphorylated form. This generates enough ATP at the myofibrillar apparatus to power about 4 seconds of muscle contraction in exercise. Phosphocreatine reacts with ADP to yield ATP and creatine; the reversible reaction is catalyzed by creatine kinase. phosphocreatine is the chief store of high-energy phosphates in muscle. Thus, this reaction, which permits the rephosphorylation of ADP to ATP, is the immediate source of energy in muscle contraction. During rest, metabolic processes regenerate phosphocreatine stores. In normal muscle, ATP that is broken down to ADP is immediately rephosphorylated to ATP. Thus, phosphocreatine serves as a reservoir of ATP-synthesizing potential. phosphocreatine is the only fuel available to precipitously regenerate ATP during episodes of rapid fluctuations in demand. The availability of phosphocreatine likely limits muscle performance during brief, high-power exercise, i.e., maximal exercise of short duration. With near maximal isometric contraction, the rate of utilization of phosphocreatine declines after 1-2 seconds of contraction, prior to the glycolysis peak at approximately 3 seconds. (PMID: 10079702, Nutr Rev. 1999 Feb;57(2):45-50.).	C4H10N3O5P		None	None	None	8975.16	9976.5	9928.98	10585.1	7449.54	9727.51	8995.4	10215.4	7762.77	8398.36	9434.01	6155.22	13971.3	12659.8	12900.1	9181.81	9174.02	9564.4	7879.78	7834.08	7379.98	9771.98	10684.9	9384.52	9740.77	8554.15	9232.92	9381.75	10766.7	8633.22	11408.1	8559.1	8997.88	8208.7	7505.95	10310.4	9833.63	8527.35	8506.57	
211.0600907_MZ	Vanillactic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Vanillactic acid is an acidic catecholamine metabolite present in normal human urine (PMID 7524950), in normal human CSF (PMID 7914240), and increased in the CSF of newborns with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy mimicking aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (PMID 12200739).	C10H12O5		None	None	None	10940.0	10979.7	17960.9	11119.6	12785.8	14030.9	13336.1	16723.6	10996.0	12002.4	12273.5	6366.59	12097.7	15468.1	9457.29	9741.89	12290.4	16201.4	10944.0	6392.88	11241.9	12652.4	10101.4	12967.7	6125.76	12086.7	10801.3	6425.98	12636.9	8281.37	10005.3	11184.8	8366.38	5965.04	8854.12	7625.26	11407.6	8292.37	6611.17	
212.0021517_MZ	Indoxyl sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Indoxyl sulfate is a dietary protein metabolite, and also the metabolite of the common amino acid tryptophan. Indoxyl sulfate is a circulating uremic toxin stimulating glomerular sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Indoxyl sulfate is one of the well known substances of a group of protein-bound uremic retention solutes. Indoxyl sulfate increases the rate of progression of renal failure. In plasma, indoxyl sulfate is a protein-bound uremic solute that induces endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting endothelial proliferation and migration in vitro. Some studies suggest that indoxyl sulfate is also involved in oxidative stress. In hemodialyzed patients, serum levels of indoxyl sulfate are associated with levels of pentosidine, a marker of carbonyl and oxidative stress; in vitro, indoxyl sulfate increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in tubular cells, and increases NAD(P)H oxidase activity in endothelial cells. Indoxyl sulfate impairs osteoblst function and induces abnormalities of bone turnover. Indoxyl sulfate strongly decreases the levels of glutathione, one of the most active antioxidant systems of the cell. (PMID: 10681668, 14681860, 17471003, 17403109).	C8H7NO4S		None	None	None	13550.7	14476.7	13570.1	15835.4	13662.1	16456.2	12632.3	25383.6	15867.8	14358.1	13613.9	16847.4	12144.2	26657.7	26361.9	9391.09	11738.2	12976.7	14489.2	12631.1	14418.0	12836.0	16534.9	19734.5	11348.8	14854.7	10322.4	17914.4	16539.1	16415.9	15729.8	10318.0	11480.4	11406.5	14976.2	13960.0	16916.4	11733.4	9726.05	
213.1495889_MZ	3-Oxododecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxo-Dodecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, 3-Oxo-Dodecanoic acid is converted form Malonic acid via three enzymes; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, fatty-acid Synthase and beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. (EC:2.3.1.41, E.C: 2.3.1.85, 2.3.1.179).	C12H22O3		None	None	None	19970.9	19966.6	60229.7	16912.1	19694.0	18803.2	27354.3	46230.3	15325.7	17703.5	16986.8	12889.7	18748.6	35145.0	18016.8	19873.6	18502.2	44862.8	14968.7	13336.7	17187.9	22399.0	15939.6	27168.5	10990.5	21121.3	24447.9	11942.5	22077.3	17543.9	13085.2	21849.3	18812.1	11122.6	13706.5	13196.9	18901.6	13186.6	14284.3	
213.1857325_MZ	Tridecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tridecanoic acid is a short-chain fatty acid.	C13H26O2		None	None	None	35973.5	37485.9	51618.7	23188.0	27226.0	39384.1	32931.2	48638.9	28961.2	29892.9	26703.2	23164.9	32788.9	36118.8	23018.2	37168.2	34986.0	47934.5	27325.6	29222.0	28385.5	49418.6	24808.0	39368.0	20895.7	31228.0	37984.2	24123.6	35359.7	28528.7	23516.5	34309.6	29871.6	23541.2	22900.3	28267.9	31654.1	24612.8	27457.4	
213.9645405_MZ	Platinum	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Platinum is a rare, dense, malleable, ductile, precious, gray-white transition metal, that is highly resistant to corrosion. Platinum is used in catalytic converters, laboratory equipment, electrical contacts and electrodes, platinum resistance thermometers, dentistry equipment, and jewelry.	Pt		None	None	None	3622.42	3968.71	2953.2	3620.58	2771.72	3705.95	4611.16	5152.31	3268.25	3997.6	3684.43	2612.04	4790.29	5272.2	5104.95	2994.02	4627.28	3582.73	3529.7	2818.51	4015.22	4507.15	4372.89	4400.03	2522.03	3598.27	3973.56	2876.85	4080.04	3632.71	5471.66	4109.62	2839.57	3238.21	2794.01	4375.37	3687.27	2975.57	3346.33	
214.0485168_MZ	Glycerylphosphorylethanolamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycerylphosphorylethanolamine is a membrane breakdown product resulting from the cleavage of the lipid group from glycerophosphoethanlomine fatty acids (i.e. phosphatidylethanolamine). It acts as a growth stimulant for hepatocytes.	C5H14NO6P		None	None	None	214586.0	455464.0	224403.0	323933.0	267628.0	511774.0	241923.0	316851.0	272162.0	566462.0	297413.0	591595.0	581974.0	559906.0	383134.0	174472.0	424537.0	575978.0	542650.0	514956.0	483576.0	271709.0	227163.0	543104.0	404904.0	282876.0	168622.0	312089.0	218632.0	567975.0	230197.0	205432.0	232629.0	554696.0	155958.0	424494.0	183917.0	294782.0	408772.0	
214.1081036_MZ	Propenoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	none	C10H17NO4		None	None	None	4629.23	4877.15	6127.66	6826.25	3888.45	5054.92	4320.96	5158.39	5735.08	5296.23	5278.6	4858.91	3825.33	4560.67	4650.13	3402.95	5272.83	4886.87	4514.3	3474.59	5456.67	4792.54	4605.89	7827.08	4203.16	5069.02	4152.06	3373.93	4716.46	4557.06	4064.47	3827.01	3053.4	3408.68	7225.78	3847.99	4417.8	4343.93	4405.21	
214.1450536_MZ	N-Nonanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Nonanoylglycine is an acylglycine with C-9 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety. Acylglycines 1 possess a common amidoacetic acid moiety and are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. Elevated levels of certain acylglycines appear in the urine and blood of patients with various fatty acid oxidation disorders. They are normally produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine &#8596; CoA + N-acylglycine.	C11H21NO3		None	None	None	7154.15	6648.81	13542.5	5405.58	4175.1	6583.58	12708.5	11797.5	5502.47	5065.18	4729.69	2779.75	6041.25	5439.98	4320.86	9831.85	5203.79	8992.54	6347.81	3600.98	7989.23	8350.55	5198.14	6518.29	3726.59	4299.59	10237.7	3331.86	9108.28	11752.3	3806.44	4945.55	4612.85	3013.2	5314.73	4552.78	6400.04	5655.41	3391.08	
215.1287446_MZ	Undecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Undecanedioic acid has been found in parts of human aortas with advanced atherosclerotic lesions associated with intercellular matrix macromolecules and specifically with elastin, and may be the result of an increased hydrolysis of esters and (or) a decreased esterification. (PMID: 131675). Undecanedioic acid has been found (among other unusual dicarboxylic acids) in the urine from patients under hopantenate therapy during episodes of Reye's-like syndrome. (PMID: 2331533).	C11H20O4		None	None	None	100989.0	104159.0	26504.7	84913.4	69892.2	127896.0	16619.8	74796.8	90580.6	98808.3	91473.4	9846.94	105890.0	99664.7	63773.7	11686.3	111622.0	68613.8	91249.8	15914.7	77782.1	142943.0	75722.1	119847.0	9253.58	105709.0	17929.4	11181.8	102191.0	11838.7	67557.5	106609.0	49931.7	7777.89	79338.0	14141.2	98257.5	77591.4	7912.16	
216.0257699_MZ	3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate is an intermediate in vitamin B6 metabolism(KEGG ID C04604). It is the third to last step in the synthesis of succinate semialdehyde, which is an intermediate in butanoate metabolism. 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate is generated from 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-5-formylpyridine-4-carboxylate and is then converted to 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate.	C8H7NO5		None	None	None	5935.07	6692.98	5524.13	4782.12	5660.08	11225.6	6496.04	6283.08	5568.76	6585.69	6383.76	8668.17	6178.83	7226.24	9648.99	5965.64	5835.33	5901.05	6568.01	5968.89	6355.93	5987.83	4816.2	6787.53	6324.81	5611.81	5977.59	9025.96	8683.37	7835.12	8124.12	4688.26	6065.23	5587.31	5647.32	9616.57	7206.82	4900.31	6508.09	
216.0987188_MZ	N-a-Acetylcitrulline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-a-Acetylcitrulline is an N-acetylated metabolite of citrulline that is part of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. Arginine biosynthesis is notable for its complexity and variability at the genetic level, and by its connection with several other pathways, such as pyrimidine and polyamine biosynthesis, and certain degradative pathways. The initial steps of the arginine biosynthetic pathways proceed via N-acetylated intermediates. The presumed reason for this is that the acetylation prevents the spontaneous cyclization of glutamate derivatives, which leads to proline biosynthesis. N-acetyl-L-ornithine can be transcarbamylated directly by the enzyme acetylornithine transcarbamylase, resulting in N-acetyl-L-citrulline. The enzyme acetylornithine deacetylase can accept N-acetyl-L-citrulline as a substrate, and can deacetylate it into citrulline. N-a-Acetylcitrulline is found in cases of deficiency of the urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate synthase (EC 6.3.4.5) that leads to increased concentrations of citrulline and N-acetylcitrulline in the urine. (PMID: 14633929).	C8H15N3O4		None	None	None	28126.9	35421.7	23301.5	38065.7	17021.8	27777.6	18683.3	25366.1	39454.2	13872.9	17718.4	29964.8	21108.0	18971.0	47571.6	16432.0	19770.4	18343.7	22153.9	21645.4	18158.1	18149.7	45520.0	23703.9	15525.5	21889.3	15800.7	38024.6	43845.3	24546.0	22845.7	13181.8	19401.7	12412.6	34384.3	59888.2	28827.1	32938.8	27102.7	
216.1338168_MZ	Gamma-glutamyl-L-putrescine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Gamma-glutamyl-L-putrescine is involved in the putrescine II degradation pathway. &#947;-glutamyl-L-putrescine reacts with H2O and O2 to produce &#947;-glutamyl-&#947;-aminobutyraldehyde, H2O2, and NH4+. &#947;-glutamyl-L-putrescine is formed from an ATP-driven reaction between putrescine, L-glutamate.	C9H19N3O3		None	None	None	15470.5	16382.2	7190.23	17152.5	12441.0	19650.9	5463.26	12063.1	20679.7	15184.7	14240.8	8207.31	16008.4	16468.0	12886.8	3289.31	16660.0	10725.8	12636.1	10328.1	13331.3	18691.2	16164.3	20057.5	7023.1	14611.3	4613.26	10697.4	15092.0	3879.78	13344.8	15315.8	10625.0	5641.08	18236.0	11766.4	16162.5	16046.9	6275.45	
216.1681098_MZ	Deoxyhypusine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxyhypusine is an amino acid derivative of the unusual amino acid known as hypusine. It is a substrate of Deoxyhypusine synthase which catalyzes the cleavage of the polyamine spermidine and transfer of its 4-aminobutyl moiety to the &#949;-amino group of one specific lysine residue of the eIF-5A precursor to form deoxyhypusine and 1,3-diaminopropane. By the addition of a hydroxyl group to the deoxyhypusine residue deoxyhypusine hydroxylase mediates the formation of hypusine. (Wikipedia).	C10H23N3O2		None	None	None	1974.6	1905.09	2335.99	1591.44	1619.32	1665.46	2159.93	2659.9	1691.17	1827.56	1632.59	1410.54	1789.43	1996.6	1327.09	1447.69	1713.08	2274.2	1521.79	1359.0	1660.38	2075.88	1468.64	2340.09	1104.88	1389.9	2028.7	1320.66	1978.8	1898.94	1154.54	1726.13	1499.8	1085.72	1600.67	1908.57	2004.85	1350.69	1611.64	
218.1035646_MZ	Pantothenic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5, is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life. Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is thus critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Its name is derived from the Greek pantothen meaning from everywhere and small quantities of pantothenic acid are found in nearly every food, with high amounts in whole grain cereals, legumes, eggs, meat, and royal jelly.	C9H17NO5		None	None	None	119276.0	181310.0	246933.0	237328.0	166730.0	138950.0	137786.0	115257.0	194857.0	133290.0	131568.0	157801.0	229413.0	161638.0	180275.0	100412.0	143942.0	185458.0	149498.0	148864.0	276041.0	116340.0	213192.0	197011.0	168757.0	164344.0	102780.0	135721.0	174318.0	176488.0	318304.0	114419.0	125743.0	125813.0	145642.0	191256.0	100595.0	143925.0	156116.0	
219.0855881_MZ	1-Hydroxypyrene	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-Hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of the noncarcinogen pyrene found in urine that is always a component of PAH mixtures. 1-hydroxypyrene is an accepted biomarker of carcinogenic Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) dose(PMID: 15159317). PAH are a diverse group of environmental carcinogens formed during the incomplete combustion of organic matter. PAHs are believed to play an important role as causes of human cancer, particularly in certain occupational settings and in cigarette smokers. (PMID: 15247141).	C16H12O		None	None	None	9021.67	7953.7	21330.8	8695.4	7868.39	8091.96	8910.14	17264.0	8015.05	8259.92	8390.4	6305.15	7952.04	14156.5	8547.72	7081.25	7947.84	13488.6	6642.81	6773.03	6944.42	8624.74	7944.12	12847.7	5913.6	7442.94	7914.06	6119.69	9891.1	5345.06	6944.33	8526.23	6944.6	6651.47	7633.35	7745.29	9561.38	6768.8	6181.03	
220.0283729_MZ	S-(3-oxo-3-carboxy-n-propyl)cysteine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-(3-oxo-3-carboxy-n-propyl)cysteine is a cystathionine metabolite found in the urine of cystathioninuria patients; has a priming effect on 02- generation in human neutrophils (Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Volume 269, Issue 2 , 16 March 2000, Pages 297-301 ).	C7H11NO5S		None	None	None	8339.95	9228.05	11059.2	9931.7	11540.5	11736.0	11822.5	8893.74	11531.0	9629.32	9252.9	9980.68	8612.61	11176.5	10884.3	10349.4	13577.4	9418.43	9587.99	9604.82	8793.59	9681.21	13778.1	9886.39	9464.96	11608.7	9385.57	10339.3	10339.8	23755.0	9122.05	9690.25	7747.34	10486.0	11236.9	8848.14	11844.6	11454.9	8767.25	
220.0825181_MZ	N-Acetylgalactosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Acetylgalactosamine is an important constituent of brain heteropolysaccharides (glycoproteins). The concentration of the N-acetylgalactosamine-containing glycoproteins in the 3-year-old cerebral gray matter from human brain is 7-15 times greater than in 8-year old tissue and 15-30 times greater than in 72-year-old tissue. (PMID 1207868). Acetylgalactosamine patterns of the composition of the soluble glycoproteins from endoscopic mucosal biopsies tends to decrease in the tumor area in cancer of the stomach (compared with the antrum and corpus of control stomachs). (PMID: 7151277). Chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (C6ST) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of chondroitin 6-sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan implicated in chondrogenesis, neoplasia, atherosclerosis, and other processes. C6ST catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to carbon 6 of the N- Acetylgalactosamine residues of chondroitin. (PMID: 9639683).	C8H15NO6, N-Acetylmannosamine		None	None	None	24178.8	26586.9	34951.3	45387.8	32709.7	27626.8	21149.0	26419.7	32893.9	25690.6	40851.0	30109.2	16226.7	34941.6	23334.6	21721.9	24214.7	29649.1	29298.1	20904.3	31548.3	29583.2	19370.3	30940.7	28828.8	23811.3	22040.7	25732.8	33125.8	21281.1	35349.1	17096.6	15801.7	13992.4	26441.1	24185.3	35481.6	19105.3	34549.5	
220.1198058_MZ	Dihydrozeatin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dihydrozeatin is an intermediate in Zeatin biosynthesis. It is converted from dihydrozeatin riboside and is then converted to dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside via the enzyme glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.- ).	C10H15N5O		None	None	None	1198.71	1296.69	1595.35	1466.01	1401.27	1316.59	1171.56	1177.48	1375.94	1201.78	1414.56	1100.65	1284.9	1474.48	1173.81	995.976	1194.27	1415.54	1106.78	1252.33	1551.12	1268.7	1250.25	1419.86	1068.08	1337.24	1165.67	1071.51	1342.61	1224.01	1412.12	1075.83	994.795	1109.52	1202.44	1324.48	1335.47	984.295	1276.91	
221.0667396_MZ	Ethyl glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ethyl glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of Ethanol generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C8H14O7		None	None	None	452056.0	381449.0	626854.0	644969.0	128698.0	430259.0	745095.0	453301.0	260799.0	409356.0	351988.0	1059880.0	72951.8	346820.0	154265.0	132300.0	102432.0	387117.0	341951.0	271664.0	300525.0	267743.0	314541.0	496878.0	614259.0	258745.0	197291.0	376268.0	468945.0	456846.0	409218.0	375777.0	110482.0	224592.0	305517.0	334550.0	272348.0	315185.0	359311.0	
222.0433147_MZ	4-(2-Amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-(2 Amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate is found in the tryptophan metabolic pathway and is an intermediate in tryptophan degradation [Kegg: C05645]. More specifically it is an intermediate in the conversion of 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine to xanthurenate. The conversion is catalyzed by kynurenine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.7).	C10H9NO5		None	None	None	6148.05	10581.7	8614.67	7709.82	5942.71	10305.2	6572.44	6382.3	7287.25	6907.73	7710.7	8985.2	6844.98	6596.93	10991.4	6487.96	6893.12	6403.77	7418.52	6047.42	8562.13	7065.72	7726.18	8192.16	6026.62	7232.59	6843.42	8242.16	9446.53	7527.94	8935.41	5608.95	5185.28	6063.2	9805.27	8030.66	7441.67	6076.57	6359.55	
223.0714806_MZ	Hydroxykynurenine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxykynurenine is a free radical generator and a bioprecursor quinolinic acid which is a endogenous excitotoxin (PMID 16697652). It is a product of enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in the tryptophan catabolism pathway (Reactome http://www.reactome.org).	C10H12N2O4, L-3-Hydroxykynurenine, 5-Hydroxykynurenine		None	None	None	13559.6	11744.9	16342.3	15694.9	7757.1	13740.9	17407.9	12856.8	9640.25	11179.4	11854.4	20287.3	6690.87	10679.7	8612.36	7639.43	6910.62	11804.5	11305.7	8571.83	10778.5	9626.89	10202.7	13753.0	14884.7	9050.81	8678.36	11279.6	14325.2	13245.8	12396.0	10703.1	5548.72	7405.94	10222.4	10976.3	10638.5	9059.89	10174.0	
223.1701557_MZ	5,8-Tetradecadienoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5,8-Tetradecadienoic acid is an intermediate of unsaturated fatty acid oxidation. An increase of 5,8-Tetradecadienoic acid in plasma is associated with acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency disorders. (PMID 7586519).	C14H24O2		None	None	None	7375.16	6892.65	7305.48	8454.79	7287.6	7768.27	7191.55	6593.9	7463.42	9983.27	9383.59	5356.42	8227.96	7523.43	5037.49	5639.8	5737.33	6104.97	5846.25	5689.87	6866.25	8331.56	7142.16	7448.87	6827.87	6709.76	7009.96	5071.6	8223.64	5323.13	5477.86	6840.15	5905.1	5824.31	6678.16	7938.65	7038.76	6049.35	7934.65	
224.0577845_MZ	Lipoamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lipoamide is the oxidized form of glutathione. (PMID:8957191). Lipoamide is a trivial name for 6,8-dithiooctanoic amide. It is 6,8-dithiooctanoic acid's functional form where the carboxyl group is attached to protein (or any other amine) by an amide linkage (containing -NH2) to an amino group. Lipoamide forms a thioester bond, oxidizing the disulfide bond, with acetaldehyde (pyruvate after it has been decarboxylated). It then transfers the acetaldehyde group to CoA which can then continue in the TCA cycle. (Wikipedia). Lipoamide is an intermediate in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), alanine, aspartate and pyruvate metabolism, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation (KEGG:C00248). It is generated from dihydrolipoamide via the enzyme dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (EC:1.8.1.4) and then converted to S-glutaryl-dihydrolipoamide via the enzyme oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC:1.2.4.2).	C8H15NOS2		None	None	None	7575.78	7986.02	10581.6	8973.73	8182.58	9167.46	10255.8	7580.54	7950.83	8708.46	8499.75	8903.1	7430.0	8839.82	8938.63	7378.71	8757.8	7519.73	6943.53	7546.55	8113.33	6538.34	7037.85	8242.25	7718.25	7806.78	7233.6	7385.81	9293.81	8797.75	8581.2	6623.23	5679.26	6224.21	7597.33	7539.11	8045.79	6126.8	7291.98	
225.0632346_MZ	5-Acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil participates in Caffeine metabolism. 5-Acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil is converted from paraxanthine via arylamine N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.5].	C8H10N4O4		None	None	None	18519.3	16268.4	16775.0	18247.4	16774.1	22338.9	15981.4	15503.9	16276.0	18843.6	17828.4	21981.2	22381.2	18790.7	23862.7	17034.5	17957.0	17971.4	19746.8	14547.4	16238.2	14140.0	14595.9	17135.7	14804.8	17175.6	16876.0	18094.3	19217.3	16780.9	18612.0	16699.9	12286.4	16230.5	18628.0	22816.0	20739.7	14774.4	15823.1	
225.0994027_MZ	Carnosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is found exclusively in animal tissues. It is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. Carnosine has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes (e.g., protein oxidation, glycation, AGE formation, and cross-linking) that accompany aging and associated pathologies (PMID 16804013). It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. Some autistics patients take it as a dietary supplement, and attribute an improvement in their condition to it. Supplemental carnosine may increase corticosterone levels. This may explain the hyperactivity seen in autistic subjects at higher doses. Carnosine also exhibits some antioxidant effects. The antioxidant mechanism of carnosine is attributed to its chelating effect against metal ions, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, ROS and free radicals scavenging ability (PMID 16406688).	C9H14N4O3, (6R)-6-(L-Erythro-1,2-Dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4a-hydroxypterin		None	None	None	5560.55	5640.8	5298.01	6473.33	4438.85	6514.88	5388.38	4527.73	5644.75	4632.15	4610.08	5433.61	5824.49	5349.74	6879.31	3455.26	4737.83	4224.84	4239.63	3861.89	4795.95	3601.4	5202.56	5551.8	6760.96	5469.42	4150.16	9372.04	5720.79	4440.63	6116.69	4155.74	4352.54	3125.47	5352.69	29961.8	5578.09	4519.26	3608.45	
226.0122417_MZ	L-Glutamic acid 5-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Glutamic acid 5-phosphate is an intermediate in the urea cycle and the metabolism of amino groups. It is a substrate of aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family, member A1 [EC:2.7.2.11 1.2.1.41] (KEGG)In citrulline biosynthesis, it is a substrate of the enzyme glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC 1.2.1.41] and in proline synthesis it is a substrate of the enzyme Glutamate 5-kinase [EC 2.7.2.11] (BioCyc).	C5H10NO7P		None	None	None	23183.4	25042.0	24144.2	15233.1	25663.0	18244.7	22313.6	18287.3	23280.2	13941.7	17895.1	14132.2	28088.8	23183.9	21061.7	31203.0	14432.6	19084.3	15883.4	15044.6	20922.8	17156.1	24752.2	25539.1	12018.8	21079.0	18117.4	22838.1	21646.3	20725.9	21992.5	15616.3	15455.1	14149.7	14258.2	20206.4	19715.7	12579.3	19857.4	
226.0836025_MZ	Deoxycytidine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxycytidine is one of the principal nucleosides of DNA composed of cytosine and deoxyribose. A nucleoside consists of only a pentose sugar linked to a purine or pyrimidine base, without a phosphate group. When N1 is linked to the C1 of deoxyribose, deoxynucleosides and nucleotides are formed from cytosine and deoxyribose; deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). CTP is the source of the cytidine in RNA (ribonucleic acid) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is the source of the deoxycytidine in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).	C9H13N3O4		None	None	None	10268.6	11971.7	9044.51	7056.7	8054.88	13054.4	9274.47	11181.3	7130.64	6895.98	8551.6	9498.11	11007.9	8974.65	14107.7	8223.01	7564.3	8745.25	10405.4	9379.61	8202.75	10398.4	7459.62	8335.74	8934.61	9138.79	8099.95	12599.6	12028.3	12191.0	9424.37	8576.13	9906.63	9203.81	8205.37	12956.3	10809.2	6900.83	8434.22	
227.0788118_MZ	L-Kynurenine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Kynurenine is a metabolite of the amino acid tryptophan used in the production of niacin. L-kynurenine is a central compound of the pathway of tryptophan metabolism pathway since it can change to the neuroprotective agent kynurenic acid or to the neurotoxic agent quinolinic acid. The break-up of these endogenous compounds' balance can be observable in many disorders. It can occur in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, in stroke, in epilepsy, in multiple sclerosis, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and in mental failures, such as schizophrenia and depression.	C10H12N2O3, Formyl-5-hydroxykynurenamine		None	None	None	2803.64	2308.87	2343.18	2280.6	1989.09	3424.48	2530.84	2544.8	2285.67	2758.39	3069.6	2298.55	2542.25	4097.96	2800.28	2804.69	2861.52	1888.43	2804.49	1625.22	2312.19	1958.36	1898.38	2739.15	2101.43	2219.14	2866.18	2697.36	2971.76	2123.34	2431.32	2691.19	3269.28	2213.52	2289.76	3144.61	3081.42	1914.52	1788.25	
227.1039470_MZ	Prolylhydroxyproline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Prolylhydroxyproline is a dipeptide. Prolylhydroxyproline is a marker of bone collagen degradation, showing high sensitivity for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Prolylhydroxyproline has been suggested as a possible alternative to hydroxyproline determination in bone resorption studies. Prolylhydroxyproline is one of the iminodipeptides present in the urine of patients with prolidase deficiency. Prolidase (X-Pro dipeptidase EC 3.4. 13.9) splits iminodipeptides containing C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline (X-Pro or X-Hyp) to X+Pro or X+Hyp. Prolidase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by chronic ulcerative dermatitis and mental retardation. These patients excrete large amounts of iminodipeptides containing C-terminal proline in the urine due to hereditary prolidase deficiency. (PMID: 12636053, 11863289, 2387877, 1874885, 9586797).	C10H16N2O4		None	None	None	11083.3	9350.54	12401.2	10012.2	11534.7	14285.5	11137.2	15301.2	7188.51	8983.63	9151.22	9594.37	10457.4	10120.9	11108.9	10250.1	13245.5	11877.7	8845.57	7007.39	9457.18	8660.12	8109.75	11883.5	8200.13	14449.2	12033.8	9847.1	11769.4	9242.56	9931.82	9298.85	9480.35	6664.98	6955.65	10304.1	11999.6	6770.17	8284.76	
227.1287627_MZ	Traumatic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Traumatic acid is a monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid naturally ocurring in plants. The compound was first isolated from wounded bean plants by American chemists James English Jr. and James Frederick Bonner and Dutch scientist Aire Jan Haagen-Smit in 1939. Traumatic acid is a potent wound healing agent in plants (wound hormone) that stimulates cell division near a trauma site to form a protective callus and to heal the damaged tissue. It may also act as a growth hormone, especially in inferior plants (e.g. algae). Traumatic acid is biosynthesized in plants by non-enzimatic oxidation of traumatin (12-oxo-trans-10-dodecanoic acid), another wound hormone. At normal conditions, traumatic acid is a solid, crystalized, water insoluble substance.	C12H20O4		None	None	None	16762.8	19464.7	42275.9	19610.3	24574.9	29117.5	25730.6	37544.6	18925.6	21599.4	32552.4	12970.8	21111.0	31506.4	17860.3	10524.8	15773.4	26073.9	12738.7	11473.8	23275.4	17249.2	18001.7	26216.4	12067.9	20282.5	18654.7	9509.78	27665.5	13486.8	15307.1	16892.1	15176.9	11322.7	14257.8	13467.4	16859.8	15692.3	16486.1	
227.1396677_MZ	L-leucyl-L-proline	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-leucyl-l-proline is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of Peptides. These are compounds containing an amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411).	C11H20N2O3, L-isoleucyl-L-proline		None	None	None	8157.39	7820.72	10398.1	8176.21	8855.41	10179.5	7836.24	9032.82	7589.6	7265.06	9811.27	8462.83	6845.73	8640.28	8499.17	4371.71	6964.91	8223.39	6515.8	5555.85	8784.82	6685.82	6612.34	9485.01	6460.9	8771.62	6960.87	6591.5	8320.13	7364.63	7435.36	6438.2	5055.77	5391.75	6655.99	10370.4	7749.16	6397.7	8084.23	
227.2014931_MZ	Myristic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). Myristic acid is also commonly added to a penultimate nitrogen terminus glycine in receptor-associated kinases to confer the membrane localisation of the enzyme. this is achieved by the myristic acid having a high enough hydrophobicity to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell.(wikipedia).	C14H28O2, 2_6_10-Trimethylundecanoic acid		None	None	None	276763.0	293150.0	265694.0	209889.0	231923.0	347890.0	284177.0	332388.0	263132.0	257462.0	247757.0	246573.0	262059.0	282928.0	165582.0	441055.0	257938.0	339248.0	247004.0	253078.0	232751.0	379642.0	228511.0	263471.0	206253.0	228365.0	338044.0	226829.0	253899.0	229830.0	206664.0	288122.0	252796.0	247318.0	191977.0	223085.0	324037.0	227484.0	308148.0	
228.0834021_MZ	Ergothioneine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine that has antioxidant properties. -- Pubchem. Ergothioneine is a product of plant origin that accumulates in animal tissues. Ergothioneine is biosynthesized exclusively by fungi and mycobacteria and is captured by plants through their roots. As an ingredient of human food, ET is distributed very unevenly. By far, the highest levels of Ergothioneine have been found in mushrooms (0.1-1 mg/g dried material). Ergothioneine is rapidly cleared from the circulation and then avidly retained with minimal metabolism: the whole-body half-life of ingested Ergothioneine in rats is 1 month. The content of Ergothioneine varies greatly among tissues and is strongly dependent on its dietary level. In addition to erythrocytes and bone marrow, high Ergothioneine levels have also been found in seminal fluid. The precise physiological role of ET has remained elusive since its discovery in 1909. It is known that Ergothioneine is a powerful scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and an inhibitor of iron or copper ion-dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A specific ergothioneine transporter has recently been identified (gene symbol SLC22A4 - PMID: 15795384). Ergothioneine appears to play a pivotal protective role in monocytes, because the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease has very recently been linked to variant ergothioneine transporter genes (PMID: 15795384). SLC22A4 is highly expressed in the kidney, where it is thought to aid in active secretion of organic cations, and may facilitate the active reabsorption of ergothioneine.	C9H15N3O2S		None	None	None	4940.55	5157.89	6060.07	8100.15	4395.66	8723.52	5124.87	5117.05	6027.44	4980.05	6140.61	5854.46	5424.71	5075.42	10096.3	4717.51	6047.08	5100.96	5327.47	4364.67	6526.25	5556.22	8041.17	10186.3	5185.57	10714.8	4817.48	5675.54	7180.33	4767.89	7360.38	4509.08	3192.54	4495.12	5952.17	5086.72	6283.41	4845.61	4405.97	
228.1244212_MZ	Butenylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	none	C11H19NO4		None	None	None	7402.08	7251.15	6917.61	6924.5	4626.92	7222.57	5854.21	6938.31	4385.93	3695.55	6156.64	2782.58	4173.84	4139.32	7626.69	6525.76	4748.28	5436.32	7810.29	2349.91	6250.62	6109.26	4863.3	5337.35	4135.1	6971.97	6819.81	3769.94	6681.32	8077.28	6142.71	6095.94	3188.52	2922.1	5693.28	3914.14	6389.19	4917.68	3383.76	
228.1604245_MZ	N-Decanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Decanoylglycine is an acylglycine with C-10 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety. Acylglycines 1 possess a common amidoacetic acid moiety and are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. Elevated levels of certain acylglycines appear in the urine and blood of patients with various fatty acid oxidation disorders. They are normally produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine &#8596; CoA + N-acylglycine.	C12H23NO3		None	None	None	8724.29	6831.85	21046.6	7980.99	4062.17	9103.88	19592.9	18657.9	5494.43	4210.83	6221.79	2380.22	8728.37	5221.37	4712.05	12526.5	4824.92	12018.7	7377.03	2259.89	16369.8	10905.9	6589.34	8200.92	4186.29	5263.85	14157.0	3234.16	12013.3	18134.0	4011.21	4925.44	4495.47	2301.89	5597.0	5416.36	6362.11	5031.03	3009.14	
229.0116768_MZ	D-Ribulose 5-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Ribulose 5-phosphate is a metabolite in the Pentose phosphate pathway, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and in the Riboflavin metabolism (KEGG).	C5H11O8P, Xylulose 5-phosphate, Ribose 1-phosphate, D-Ribose 5-phosphate, D-Xylulose 1-phosphate, D-Arabinose 5-phosphate, Beta-L-arabinose 1-phosphate		None	None	None	169891.0	143426.0	163702.0	119520.0	181324.0	251765.0	209359.0	126805.0	233477.0	221036.0	205425.0	235316.0	129555.0	228521.0	150761.0	245245.0	225178.0	184932.0	225650.0	154405.0	190535.0	155843.0	186561.0	210296.0	201952.0	221266.0	235620.0	197746.0	243234.0	155793.0	194794.0	202434.0	145727.0	164222.0	178225.0	200414.0	244219.0	193441.0	130426.0	
229.0718180_MZ	Sedoheptulose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sedoheptulose is a ketoheptose, a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms and a ketone functional group. It is one of the few heptoses found in nature. Sedoheptulose is a seven-carbon ketose sugar originally found in Sedum spectabile, a common perennial garden plant. Later it was shown to be widely distributed in the plants of the Crassulaceae family. The Crassulaceae, or orpine family, is a family of dicotyledons. They store water in their succulent leaves. They are found worldwide, but mostly occur in the Northern Hemisphere and southern Africa, typically in dry and/or cold areas where water may be scarce. The family includes about 1,400 species in 33 genera. As a result, this sugar is often found to be part of the human diet. This sugar, D-sedoheptulose (I), is a significant intermediary compound in the cyclic regeneration of D-ribulose. It also plays an important role as a transitory compound in the cyclic regeneration of D-ribulose for carbon dioxide fixation in plant photosynthesis. -- www.accessscience.com.	C7H14O7		None	None	None	10136.1	10599.3	31991.0	12635.9	12501.5	12311.2	14972.5	22245.0	8549.92	11192.0	10647.3	9409.2	9313.97	23103.1	16965.6	9602.65	9137.12	23116.5	8808.74	7754.87	9896.41	9743.12	11327.4	16426.6	8598.43	11802.5	13055.0	9212.54	12708.9	8533.39	12065.9	12380.3	9779.77	7677.66	8187.71	10053.6	12411.9	8766.88	8114.25	
229.1441637_MZ	Dodecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dodecanedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid which is water soluble and involves in a metabolic pathway intermediate to those of lipids and carbohydrates. (PMID 9591306). Dodecanedioid acid is an indicator of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT IA) deficiency. CPT IA deficiency is characterized by hypoketotic dicarboxylic aciduria with high urinary levels of dodecanedioic acid. This C12 dicarboxylic aciduria suggests that carnitine palmitoyltransferase I may play a role in the uptake of long-chain dicarboxylic acids by mitochondria after their initial shortening by beta-oxidation in peroxisomes. (PMID: 16146704).	C12H22O4		None	None	None	26133.9	25020.7	36119.1	21746.5	18925.4	22620.2	21739.0	36093.4	21506.8	19773.2	19682.9	8506.95	20368.6	28225.5	18175.3	11526.8	20103.6	29851.1	20999.5	9646.39	18233.5	30347.4	20450.5	30730.4	8725.82	21881.8	18004.5	8698.19	27988.5	12196.1	14497.1	21588.6	16940.3	8108.37	19495.3	11477.8	25239.9	18358.9	8952.64	
230.0641579_MZ	N2-Succinyl-L-glutamic acid 5-semialdehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N2-Succinyl-L-glutamic acid 5-semialdehyde is a substrate for Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (mitochondrial) and Ornithine aminotransferase (mitochondrial).	C9H13NO6		None	None	None	3789.81	3904.54	4258.53	4141.65	3629.74	5935.16	4181.79	4070.3	3846.27	3755.97	4041.84	3675.5	4592.74	4630.5	7227.43	3582.23	4041.93	4104.42	3784.18	3573.69	4330.74	3934.68	3759.41	4611.9	3857.99	4176.72	4085.92	4657.22	5944.16	4213.4	5505.11	3354.15	3075.52	3123.99	3742.61	4488.7	4601.17	3431.63	3467.59	
230.0832054_MZ	3-Methoxytyrosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Methoxytyrosine is one of the main biochemical markers for Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC, EC 4.1.1.28) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism that affects serotonin and dopamine biosynthesis. Patients are usually detected in infancy due to developmental delay, hypotonia, and extrapyramidal movements. Diagnosis is based on an abnormal neurotransmitter metabolite profile in CSF and reduced AADC activity in plasma. 3-methoxytyrosine is elevated in CSF, plasma, and urine. (PMID 1357595, 1281049, 16288991).	C10H13NO4, Methyldopa		None	None	None	3966.55	4543.41	4452.19	3597.7	3755.88	5018.19	3556.23	3700.36	3535.02	3020.84	3677.88	3118.17	3805.62	4141.8	4974.2	3413.77	3748.72	3809.61	3918.34	2898.74	3785.21	3787.95	3316.2	3872.97	3054.91	3503.0	3640.88	3205.44	5131.85	3492.63	3524.69	3433.62	2431.53	2471.34	3270.08	3682.04	4289.63	2712.59	2769.82	
230.1505597_MZ	Gamma-Aminobutyryl-lysine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	g-Aminobutyryl-lysine is a dipeptide present in human brain. This dipeptide occurs in much higher concentrations in human brain than in the brains of lower mammals. (PMID 5559257 ). Adult brain and cerebrospinal fluid a-(g-aminobutyryl)-lysine levels and adult brain homocarnosine levels are higher than those found in children. (PMID 5031796 ).	C10H21N3O3		None	None	None	10294.3	13289.3	13948.2	13477.2	12291.8	10566.9	11139.4	11076.4	11952.4	11985.0	10882.3	10003.8	10454.7	13081.1	12518.8	8123.04	10119.7	12505.8	10961.7	9800.39	12027.0	10480.4	13305.2	12642.9	10944.3	13241.0	8889.93	8595.84	12140.5	8401.4	12051.0	9396.36	7964.71	9242.63	13765.0	14203.9	9585.04	10504.7	9500.27	
231.0987029_MZ	4-(Glutamylamino) butanoate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-(Glutamylamino) butanoate is a polyamine that is an intermediate in putrescine degradation II. Polyamines (the most common of which are putrescine , spermidine , and spermine ), a group of positively charged small molecules present in virtually all living organisms, have been implicated in many biological processes, including binding to nucleic acids, stabilizing membranes, and stimulating several enzymes. Although polyamines are clearly necessary for optimal cell growth, a surplus of polyamines can cause inhibition of growth and protein synthesis, and thus a balance is desired between the production and breakdown of polyamines. In putrescine degradation II, 4-(Glutamylamino) butanoate is a substrate for gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase (puuD) and can be generated from the hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde.	C9H16N2O5, N2-Succinyl-L-ornithine		None	None	None	18521.9	18680.2	36258.6	51587.1	21843.4	21862.0	18495.5	25200.6	23946.5	20795.7	28607.1	22602.7	22968.9	31613.4	17003.6	8932.32	17613.0	23396.1	15471.2	17052.2	27020.5	18370.8	28244.1	28359.1	30357.1	20622.6	15554.7	19713.3	21239.9	19159.4	27959.5	17411.0	14806.9	15409.8	31685.4	22559.8	19799.0	30597.8	23952.3	
231.1369919_MZ	Spermic acid 2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Spermic acid 2 is a diamide which is identified as urinary metabolites. of putrescine and spermine, and was subsequently identified and quantified. in urines of healthy persons and cancer patients.	C10H20N2O4		None	None	None	11372.4	14302.8	15897.3	17487.6	17168.8	18145.9	10142.2	11400.5	16054.8	15485.0	22143.9	14964.0	17347.9	17976.1	10832.1	6395.8	9791.39	10062.6	9312.31	11814.8	16745.1	8317.37	12693.1	17380.2	13826.3	12022.5	8596.81	12636.2	16505.8	8649.6	14623.4	9274.5	8609.86	12611.6	12430.0	17483.8	14157.8	12656.6	16614.9	
232.1189017_MZ	Hydroxypropionylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	none	C10H19NO5		None	None	None	3700.87	2991.11	6498.24	9113.76	3921.86	4296.89	4111.48	4259.56	5275.92	4094.57	4583.04	3239.44	3087.08	4404.02	4181.59	2830.94	4204.08	3877.68	2737.32	2443.37	5675.62	3354.46	4289.1	7060.53	3028.76	4408.8	3398.07	2581.89	4309.19	3519.42	5079.26	3053.53	2291.91	2433.34	6848.44	3507.97	3755.15	3985.22	3166.79	
232.1725326_MZ	Hypusine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hypusine is formed in eIF-5A by post-translational modification of one of the lysyl residues. There are two reactions and two enzymes involved:; Hypusine is an unusual amino acid found in all eukaryotes and in some archaea, but not in bacteria. The only known protein containing hypusine is eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) and a similar protein found in archaebacteria. In human, two isoforms of eIF-5A have been described: eIF-5A-1 and eIF-5A-2. They are coded by two different genes. This protein is involved in protein biosynthesis and promotes the formation of the first peptide bond. The region surrounding the hypusine residue is highly conserved among the eukaryotes and is essential to the function of eIF-5A. Thus, hypusine and eIF-5A appear to be vital for the viability and proliferation of eukaryotic cells.	C10H23N3O3		None	None	None	1508.81	969.406	992.692	967.679	1039.22	1876.88	1028.85	1129.09	1279.85	1029.0	1262.09	989.719	1068.15	2848.56	920.08	1264.75	1051.82	1716.82	1155.96	1028.28	1259.68	1505.4	1314.35	1331.79	1096.0	1151.0	1764.41	882.929	1851.02	1416.64	879.843	1276.84	818.734	927.123	1948.49	1372.93	1030.71	1182.1	1100.45	
234.0801193_MZ	Kinetin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Kinetin can react with UDP-D-glucose to produce kinetin-7-N-glucoside or kinetin-9-N-glucoside, with UDP as a byproduct. The reaction is catalyzed by UDP glycosyltransferase. Kinetin is a hormone derived from plants.	C10H9N5O		None	None	None	3981.8	5496.95	7262.01	5560.94	3683.77	5239.41	4021.61	3930.73	4083.83	4162.49	4617.8	3968.4	4004.53	4636.47	4753.13	3527.82	4013.08	3805.56	3595.7	3609.22	5035.12	3933.53	4073.88	4825.19	3891.05	4028.08	3605.45	4096.72	5058.4	3699.39	4108.06	3707.79	2881.6	2861.3	4235.52	4435.01	4100.61	3663.43	3409.15	
235.1698149_MZ	Capsidiol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Capsidiol is a phytoalexin, a natural fungicide present in pepper. (PMID: 10335386). Capsidiol shows bacteriostatic properties in vitro against Helicobacter pylori with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200 microg/mL. (PMID: 17002415). Capsidiol is a bicyclic, dihydroxylated sesquiterpene produced by several solanaceous species in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. It is the primary antimicrobial compound produced by Nicotiana tabacum in response to fungal elicitation, and it is formed via the isoprenoid pathway from 5-epi-aristolochene. (PMID: 11556809).	C15H24O2		None	None	None	7256.32	6913.16	7406.41	6055.89	7176.19	7946.07	7009.19	7416.38	6776.48	7696.6	8777.61	6815.7	8118.97	7709.87	5685.87	6021.21	6642.42	7158.36	6151.52	6894.77	7698.5	6221.06	6788.71	7073.73	5663.87	6924.95	7384.21	6470.51	8091.48	6696.66	5334.61	6480.19	7500.44	6893.06	6749.88	6390.12	6207.81	6310.17	7000.69	
236.0774460_MZ	Biopterin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Biopterin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Parkinson's disease, in which the nigrostriatal dopamine neurons degenerate, are lower than those from age-matched older controls. In hereditary progressive dystonia/DOPA-responsive dystonia, which is a dopamine deficiency caused by mutations in GTP cyclohydrolase I without neuronal cell death (Segawa's disease), neopterin and biopterin in cerebrospinal fluid decrease in parallel owing to the decreased activity in GTP cyclohydrolase I. GTP cyclohydrolase I (EC 3.5.4.16) is an enzyme that is part of the folate and biopterin biosynthesis pathways. It is responsible for the hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to form 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate. (Pteridines (1999), 10(1), 5-13.) Lowered levels of urinary biopterin concomitant with elevated serum phenylalanine concentration occur in a variant type of hyperphenylalaninemia caused by a deficiency of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the obligatory cofactor for phenylalanine hydroxylase. The most frequent form of this cofactor deficiency is due to lack of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) activity, the second enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway for BH4. (PMID 8178819) The hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylating system consists of 3 essential components, phenylalanine hydroxylase, dihydropteridine reductase, and the nonprotein coenzyme, tetrahydrobiopterin. The reductase and the pterin coenzyme are also essential components of the tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylating systems. There are 3 distinct forms of phenylketonuria or hyperphenylalaninemia, each caused by lack of 1 of these essential components. The variant forms of the disease that are caused by the lack of dihydropteridine reductase or tetrahydrobiopterin are characterized by severe neurol. deterioration, impaired functioning of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases, and the resultant deficiency of tyrosine- and tryptophan-derived monoamine neurotransmitters in brain. (PMID 3930837).	C9H11N5O3, Sepiapterin, D-Biopterin, Orinapterin, Dyspropterin, Primapterin, 8-[(aminomethyl)sulfanyl]-6-sulfanyloctanoic acid		None	None	None	8188.84	7904.62	7953.18	7972.68	7092.36	10013.2	8023.44	7720.68	12831.2	8573.43	8354.25	7228.58	12316.7	7719.61	8043.51	4806.93	6747.89	6177.71	7449.34	6268.09	8572.47	7191.21	6855.33	7804.37	6887.88	6465.58	6939.96	7820.45	8781.54	8282.49	10013.6	6177.68	5043.58	5595.69	9014.99	8842.2	8441.53	6012.66	6245.07	
236.9869282_MZ	5-Sulfosalicylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Sulfosalicylic acid is a derivative of salicylic acid, a common anti-inflammatory drug. Sulfosalicylic acid is used in urine tests to determine urine protein content. The chemical causes the precipitation of dissolved proteins, which is measured from the degree of turbidity. It is also used for integral colour anodizing. -Wikipedia.	C7H6O6S		None	None	None	20931.4	17895.0	22328.2	16596.4	20143.2	15389.6	18945.9	24194.6	20587.7	15310.4	17377.3	18720.3	14946.4	17214.0	13314.3	29942.6	29219.4	22653.2	25082.9	22143.3	16875.7	28554.4	24923.8	22083.1	23929.8	19872.8	19665.6	20396.2	14409.6	17103.7	15407.1	26834.6	23556.7	35390.4	30051.9	15356.4	20835.5	30586.7	21534.1	
238.0945466_MZ	Dihydrobiopterin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dihydrobiopterin (BH2) is an oxidation product of tetrahydrobiopterin. Tetrahydrobiopterin is a natural occurring cofactor of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylase and is involved in the synthesis of tyrosine and the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Tetrahydrobiopterin is also essential for nitric oxide synthase catalyzed oxidation of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide.	C9H13N5O3, 6-Lactoyltetrahydropterin, 4a-Carbinolamine tetrahydrobiopterin, 1-hydroxy-2-Oxopropyl tetrahydropterin		None	None	None	6898.96	6286.12	5363.52	5664.66	5501.42	7998.33	5570.07	6387.18	4123.57	5282.63	6625.38	3888.01	5878.89	6067.12	7232.4	5168.96	5165.45	5224.59	6820.0	2906.24	6957.41	4983.37	5066.16	5642.74	6054.72	7004.65	6479.64	3870.4	6501.0	18350.8	5770.8	5398.95	3304.39	3100.86	3878.05	5083.81	6772.51	4127.35	2781.34	
239.1150588_MZ	Anserine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	This dipeptide is normally absent from human tissues and body fluids, and its appearance there is an artifact of diet (Proc Soc Pediatr Res 134, 1967.) and serum carnosinase deficiency. (OMIM 212200) Anserine is present in the skeletal muscle of birds and certain species of mammals, notably the rabbit, rat, and whale, contains anserine. (Proc Soc Pediatr Res 134, 1967) The methyl group of anserine is added to carnosine by the enzyme S-adenosylmethionine: carnosine N-methyltransferase. (J Biol Chem 237:1207, 1962.).	C10H16N4O3, Homocarnosine, Balenine		None	None	None	6642.22	7891.13	9948.06	11106.7	5570.83	8967.49	8176.45	7726.31	6978.26	5700.72	7993.29	10786.8	6787.26	9486.54	12148.2	4197.04	5818.86	6203.89	7928.76	5993.06	7841.45	5510.59	5870.11	7812.1	13203.2	7614.75	5360.27	14649.4	11031.7	10515.5	8480.05	6496.04	6960.9	6005.65	8073.06	55987.2	5847.66	5795.43	6609.43	
241.0125901_MZ	Inositol cyclic phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Inositol cyclic phosphate is a substrate for Annexin A3.	C6H11O8P		None	None	None	39769.3	47576.2	36255.3	45999.5	34155.3	41897.4	41776.5	39532.4	37347.7	47136.6	50100.2	45860.4	35885.6	42712.5	60374.9	42140.7	36151.6	34773.5	60370.0	37462.4	32880.2	37404.7	39808.9	42232.6	33833.9	42635.5	41132.6	36700.2	39331.9	46102.0	52763.7	43743.9	26333.1	37597.0	41001.5	52960.1	53470.9	33235.1	38134.0	
241.1805457_MZ	3-Oxotetradecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxo-tetradecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, 3-Oxo-tetradecanoic acid is converted from Malonic acid via three enzymes; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, fatty-acid Synthase and beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. (EC:2.3.1.41, E.C: 2.3.1.85, 2.3.1.179). In humans fatty acids are predominantly formed in the liver and adipose tissue, and mammary glands during lactation.	C14H26O3		None	None	None	13135.6	12549.2	25110.4	10527.5	12914.4	11753.4	15069.7	23253.8	11907.1	12390.2	9973.4	11042.7	12098.6	16839.6	9492.28	11078.8	11467.6	21424.6	9980.06	10910.8	11333.3	15256.2	11887.1	15078.0	8824.35	11798.6	14140.4	8394.73	13675.1	9372.76	7437.05	11884.9	11564.8	8951.64	11959.6	11064.6	12293.2	10347.6	11721.6	
241.2169386_MZ	Pentadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pentadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many odd length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Pentadecanoic acid constitutes 1.05% of milk fat and 0.43% of ruminant meat fat. The content of heptadecanoic acid in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans appears to be a good biological marker of long-term milk fat intake in free-living individuals in populations with high consumption of dairy products. (PMID 9701185; PMID 11238766).	C15H30O2		None	None	None	136694.0	143325.0	130563.0	105243.0	112977.0	147839.0	132504.0	151795.0	121302.0	114386.0	118054.0	111789.0	130731.0	128046.0	82406.5	196609.0	119790.0	157679.0	119490.0	117286.0	114685.0	191471.0	105282.0	134152.0	94883.5	112617.0	151220.0	104359.0	132584.0	112041.0	102794.0	124099.0	121548.0	111774.0	88582.0	103791.0	140469.0	103347.0	143228.0	
242.1398431_MZ	Tiglylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tiglylcarnitine is detected in the urinary organic acid and blood spot acylcarnitine profiles in patients with mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (T2) deficiency -- an inborn error of metabolism affecting isoleucine and ketone bodies in the catabolic process. (PubMed ID 14518824 ).	C12H21NO4		None	None	None	5189.19	7510.33	6743.2	8136.59	3627.76	7010.76	4884.73	6298.66	4441.84	6228.84	7155.6	4014.45	5764.93	5463.14	6564.11	3884.2	4970.13	5121.46	6473.88	3579.34	7541.2	5430.38	5156.34	7504.42	3905.94	6007.82	3882.97	3625.04	8503.41	7282.18	6279.19	4011.07	2873.79	4838.93	5920.8	4564.07	5156.4	3604.77	4082.4	
242.1758300_MZ	N-Undecanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Undecanoylglycine is an acylglycine with C-11 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety. Acylglycines 1 possess a common amidoacetic acid moiety and are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. Elevated levels of certain acylglycines appear in the urine and blood of patients with various fatty acid oxidation disorders. They are normally produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine &#8596; CoA + N-acylglycine.	C13H25NO3		None	None	None	21413.2	12144.4	41935.4	12554.8	12594.9	35227.7	41558.5	54419.3	16608.6	17840.5	16844.3	7719.82	30164.3	15134.3	7856.68	24723.3	15407.9	24731.7	22320.0	11404.3	56717.3	31514.6	22496.6	16418.6	20108.7	11109.6	30017.6	16384.5	37699.9	37023.9	8748.02	14450.8	14323.0	9157.24	16847.1	27049.1	21004.4	20267.9	8567.3	
243.0275958_MZ	Fucose 1-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fucose-1-phosphate is an intermediate in the reversible synthesis of GDP-L-fucose, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme guanosine triphosphate fucose pyrophosphorylase (GFPP, E.C. 2.7.7.30). The reversible reaction is magnesium-dependent, although the enzyme is partially active when cobalt or manganese is substituted. The reaction is unusual in that, of the four canonical nucleoside triphosphates, only guanosine can be utilized efficiently to form a nucleotide-sugar. Free cytosolic fucose is phosphorylated by L-fucokinase (EC 2.7.1.52) to form fucose-1-phosphate in the salvage pathway of GDP-L-fucose. (PMID: 16185085, 14686921).	C6H13O8P		None	None	None	22574.0	18647.8	14697.1	16802.6	20282.8	29015.5	16118.8	13238.9	18728.8	22831.4	20867.7	20053.0	20679.3	21455.4	21331.6	30365.1	22281.2	16415.7	28415.6	17118.7	19376.2	21855.7	14745.9	24193.3	16675.9	19073.6	24962.7	19619.9	22585.9	19789.1	19555.4	21026.8	11549.1	18359.5	19240.6	19205.8	27114.1	17411.7	17597.6	
243.0620509_MZ	Uridine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uridine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when uracil is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a b-N1-glycosidic bond. (Wikipedia).	C9H12N2O6, Pseudouridine		None	None	None	173207.0	179134.0	212611.0	211373.0	195113.0	375580.0	193970.0	145011.0	280051.0	344160.0	137163.0	310425.0	223935.0	245929.0	328688.0	607808.0	309494.0	267263.0	151234.0	199982.0	196490.0	149237.0	255088.0	222383.0	281627.0	196382.0	369019.0	301410.0	334760.0	118168.0	350440.0	212441.0	257297.0	306140.0	288170.0	300284.0	336158.0	288634.0	160779.0	
243.1597131_MZ	1,11-Undecanedicarboxylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Undecanedicarboxylic acid is an unusual odd-numbered dicarboxylic acid that appears in the urines of children with neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome, as an additional marker of these peroxisomal disorders. (PMID: 2943344).	C13H24O4		None	None	None	15974.1	16038.2	32825.8	12489.2	13806.4	15203.7	15269.6	30419.3	12364.5	12775.3	14875.2	6104.22	12932.0	22958.5	13846.5	8934.94	13497.6	25888.4	12846.1	6112.67	12077.5	17846.0	13191.5	20440.2	5379.45	16000.4	13528.3	5668.6	18549.3	8064.92	8857.22	15004.2	11749.2	5768.41	10161.2	6642.38	16286.5	10765.7	6171.13	
243.1962963_MZ	(R)-3-Hydroxy-tetradecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(R)-3-Hydroxy-tetradecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, (R)-3-Hydroxy-tetradecanoic acid is converted from 3-Oxo-tetradecanoic acid via fatty-acid Synthase and 3-oxoacyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] reductase. (EC: 2.3.1.85 and EC:2.3.1.41).	C14H28O3, 2-Hydroxymyristic acid		None	None	None	8346.51	7508.34	10242.5	5800.78	6740.06	7428.43	8375.43	11566.0	7163.75	7811.93	6493.4	6459.44	10600.2	7898.09	5023.56	7718.83	7490.16	9473.46	6334.44	6277.79	7988.71	8720.07	7523.49	8396.83	5054.17	6666.64	9208.17	5171.96	9315.68	6054.34	4678.82	6943.9	6220.77	5140.42	6454.48	6859.58	8073.5	5868.37	7550.3	
243.2228163_MZ	N1-Acetylspermine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C12H28N4O		None	None	None	1984.39	2159.37	2414.02	1426.67	1546.94	2146.74	2268.35	2717.0	1914.54	1565.6	1601.87	1542.29	2010.56	1970.09	1089.6	3672.01	1921.27	2676.81	1805.92	1426.97	1566.43	2649.55	1529.72	2071.67	1584.79	1529.77	3092.19	1445.66	1891.02	1935.15	1388.51	1855.14	1737.1	1549.55	1313.19	1412.49	2158.73	1445.58	1974.71	
245.1143129_MZ	L-beta-aspartyl-L-leucine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-beta-aspartyl-l-leucine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411).	C10H18N2O5, L-gamma-glutamyl-L-valine		None	None	None	28537.8	25573.3	27256.5	30977.2	47506.7	32923.6	23390.2	51836.4	21220.3	22901.4	38083.2	21020.2	26707.9	35065.7	29100.2	21171.5	17005.3	22590.5	22520.9	22673.9	26770.5	26254.8	29106.4	28773.3	36521.6	24636.6	18415.2	25263.3	27774.6	22162.8	24044.0	28530.2	16802.9	18587.7	20873.5	31096.5	27329.9	21879.7	23509.8	
245.1366589_MZ	3-Hydroxydodecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxydecanedioic acid appears in the urine of children affected with peroxisomal disorders. Peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are characterized by generalized peroxisomal dysfunction due to defective assembly of the organelle and include the Zellweger, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum phenotypes (PMID 10896310).	C12H22O5		None	None	None	17495.5	16996.8	14690.3	14068.3	27187.3	21322.2	10881.4	35123.6	12724.1	16313.8	22570.7	5504.04	18503.8	25644.5	15233.8	10152.5	15181.5	15203.7	13554.3	6631.01	16317.2	22195.0	12464.4	19041.3	10197.1	17872.8	9233.67	7450.88	20256.7	15044.3	13729.2	20679.8	10203.7	5437.57	10671.6	10302.4	17199.0	10866.3	6513.56	
246.0979813_MZ	Malonylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Malonylcarnitine is a metabolite that accumulates with specific disruption of fatty-acid oxidation caused by impaired entry of long-chain acylcarnitine esters into the mitochondria and failure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain at complex 11 and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.9) deficiency (OMIM 248360). Malonylcarnitine has also been found to accumulate in some newborns with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.3) deficiency (OMIM 201450). (PMID 11558490, 15303003, 12651823).	C10H17NO6		None	None	None	6228.51	6317.39	17799.2	23044.8	6500.67	9920.31	6802.15	7445.03	15163.5	8052.15	10331.1	10286.0	6177.78	9624.39	6435.63	3265.01	10460.3	6804.47	5008.1	4864.48	18493.0	7261.92	10793.1	25170.4	6865.19	12991.8	5391.9	5492.42	7506.62	4582.78	8535.98	6176.57	4014.42	3883.04	18676.1	5670.51	8179.11	8614.87	8964.72	
247.1335890_MZ	Gamma-CEHC	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Gamma-CEHC is metabolites of Vitamin E. smokers has significantly higher excretion of urinary gamma-CEHC that's why they require more vitamin E compared to non-smokers.Cigarette smoking is associated with increased oxidative stress and increased risk of degenerative disease. As the major lipophilic antioxidant, requirements for vitamin E may be higher in smokers due to increased utilisation.(PMID:15493460).	C15H20O3		None	None	None	7165.31	11479.8	14517.3	15024.9	22070.1	20838.6	9903.59	7185.51	15020.4	17344.8	31109.2	15501.6	12022.1	18688.1	8098.53	3685.59	6924.29	5759.41	6982.13	11755.9	18224.8	6144.23	10938.4	14367.3	13278.7	9392.87	5787.79	8518.34	21050.1	6115.68	9625.5	5869.85	7142.6	14374.2	8933.66	11845.1	9274.26	13483.6	21988.9	
249.0548396_MZ	Gamma-Glutamylcysteine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	G-Glutamylcysteine is a product of enzyme glutamate-cysteine ligase [EC 6.3.2.2] and a substrate of enzyme glutathione synthase [EC 6.3.2.3] in glutamate metabolism pathway (KEGG).	C8H14N2O5S		None	None	None	19107.8	14705.6	18520.8	13451.1	20446.5	16854.4	17565.6	17376.9	13852.9	10535.9	12746.1	9818.37	11795.2	13523.3	23857.5	22589.4	16083.2	18248.1	19106.4	8516.38	13591.7	14251.2	22697.7	14086.2	13437.0	21628.3	21744.5	11321.3	12107.3	22581.3	19149.8	19319.3	11415.1	9342.5	12327.5	11017.3	15653.9	17228.9	8715.82	
249.1134579_MZ	Ubiquinone Q1	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ubiquinone-1 is a member of the chemical class known as Polyprenylbenzoquinones. These are compounds containing a polyisoprene chain attached to a quinone at the second ring position. Ubiquione-1 has just 1 isoprene unit. Normally in humans it has 10. Ubiquinone-1 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ubiquionone 10, which is also called Coenzyme Q (CoQ). CoQ is found in the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, lysosomes, vesicles and notably the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it is an important part of the electron transport chain; there it passes reducing equivalents to acceptors such as Coenzyme Q : cytochrome c - oxidoreductase. CoQ is also essential in the formation of the apoptosome along with other adapter proteins. The loss of trophic factors activates pro-apoptotic enzymes, causing the breakdown of mitochondria. Because of its ability to transfer electrons and therefore act as an antioxidant, Coenzyme Q has become a valued dietary supplement. CoQ10 has been widely used for the treatment of heart disease (especially heart failure), gum diseases, and also breast cancer. The benzoquinone portion of Coenzyme Q10 is synthesized from amino acids, while the isoprene sidechain is synthesized from acetyl CoA through the mevalonate pathway. The mevalonate pathway is used for the first steps of cholesterol biosynthesis.	C14H18O4		None	None	None	7105.88	8378.48	13257.8	8946.45	11029.3	13005.8	7933.37	10078.1	7801.73	8995.58	15164.2	7197.43	8742.64	12162.5	5880.88	5173.48	5851.4	8640.91	6861.53	5332.95	10760.9	7293.03	7069.52	10806.7	5749.29	7131.97	5740.41	5253.82	12719.2	5756.95	8087.81	6990.62	5666.55	5918.37	5741.36	6544.35	6855.96	6246.73	8408.94	
250.0945053_MZ	Deoxyadenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxyadenosine is a derivative of nucleoside adenosine. It is comprised of adenine attached to a deoxyribose moiety via a N9-glycosidic bond. Deoxyribose differs from ribose by the absence of oxygen in the 3' position of its ribose ring. Deoxyadenosine is a critical component of DNA.	C10H13N5O3, 5'-Deoxyadenosine		None	None	None	7533.52	6154.75	7681.87	6251.09	7388.32	10294.9	7933.01	7800.49	7475.42	5256.37	7470.38	7482.74	6675.43	8152.77	6731.48	4831.57	5631.33	6248.62	7848.37	6413.84	8442.54	8499.3	5706.12	7554.39	8032.26	6872.27	7343.25	9784.51	7589.31	7129.8	6026.68	6228.45	4929.86	4634.48	6769.19	12958.5	8869.78	5639.19	6539.33	
250.1100887_MZ	Isovalerylglutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isovalerylglutamic acid is an unusual mtabolite that has been found in the urine of patients with Isovaleric Acidemia due to Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (OMMBID: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, Ch.93: Branched Chain Organic Acidurias). and in Multiple acyl-Co A dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD) (PMID 6862997).	C10H17NO5, Suberylglycine		None	None	None	3733.26	3484.21	4658.62	4774.08	3661.43	4527.32	3461.82	3727.34	3777.85	3139.13	3491.3	3133.0	3512.58	3756.16	3310.0	3246.92	2963.89	3209.68	3708.0	2667.8	3935.45	3649.03	3365.5	4158.76	3491.48	3133.56	3144.48	2942.82	4121.91	3017.6	3169.02	3254.3	2376.53	2534.67	3706.8	4014.26	3676.13	3473.41	2969.14	
250.1449057_MZ	Isobutyryl-L-carnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a product of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs), which are a group of mitochondrial enzymes involved in the metabolism of fatty acids or branched-chain amino acids. (OMIM 600301 ).	C11H21NO4, Butyrylcarnitine		None	None	None	7323.48	7669.22	7302.52	7604.12	5352.9	8088.8	5974.27	6621.06	6746.83	6531.8	8458.01	5467.34	5891.98	5295.89	5357.18	7961.41	5324.7	7719.39	5989.98	6167.42	7744.61	8869.68	5152.48	8522.38	5893.03	5528.67	7815.21	5571.57	10758.9	6126.38	5395.64	6377.55	4871.95	5415.41	6315.81	8192.82	7695.16	5710.05	7928.75	
251.2013910_MZ	7_10-Hexadecadienoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C16H28O2, 7Z_10Z-Hexadecadienoic acid		None	None	None	9607.03	7463.1	9087.68	6596.82	9413.42	18441.4	10964.3	9853.03	11791.5	10655.7	7776.83	6416.84	10743.6	17805.1	4470.4	15413.0	12065.9	13477.7	8784.67	6145.07	7252.48	12611.0	8711.88	9858.8	6536.89	9081.43	12911.9	5434.2	7729.03	8925.97	6617.36	16247.6	7759.91	7754.07	7723.83	5752.28	15380.9	8036.13	8068.39	
252.0859938_MZ	N-Acetylvanilalanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-acetylvanilalanine is a catecholamine metabolite. Its accumulation is indicative of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (PMID: 16288991).	C12H15NO5		None	None	None	4337.4	4079.52	5016.38	5448.1	4094.69	7183.3	5288.05	4661.5	3783.59	4807.02	4062.31	5296.02	5029.26	4913.23	6261.47	4596.21	5155.84	4389.43	4211.52	4349.13	5223.33	3717.48	4368.18	4745.75	4134.93	4062.89	4517.07	4418.08	5631.81	5208.11	5980.74	4076.97	2984.32	4151.4	4142.65	4371.56	4589.75	3728.63	3987.1	
253.0509421_MZ	5-L-Glutamyl-taurine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-L-Glutamyl-taurine is an intermediate in Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. 5-L-Glutamyl-taurine is produced from Taurine via the enzyme gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2).	C7H14N2O6S, Daidzein		None	None	None	15264.4	15540.5	21683.7	19800.9	14318.5	18828.4	16477.9	16188.0	16072.5	14442.9	17740.4	20778.9	16959.6	16609.4	15114.5	13949.9	13355.6	14034.6	15056.6	16746.5	15515.0	13767.4	18112.5	16970.5	19721.4	16289.6	14647.6	16041.2	17949.5	17503.9	13681.9	15921.2	13317.1	14343.3	17218.6	14304.8	17076.6	16006.1	12984.0	
253.1274942_MZ	Homoanserine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Homoanserine (N-(4-Aminobutyryl)-L-histidine) is a dipeptide identified in the brain and muscles of mammals. (PMID 3780724, 6078589) It has been found that homoanserine is not merely deposited in skeletal muscles but that is actively synthesized by muscle cells in culture. (PMID 8307008).	C11H18N4O3		None	None	None	3389.62	3900.82	5916.47	3747.27	3584.9	5084.74	3614.29	5020.52	4447.69	3994.2	4113.95	3702.07	4447.15	5017.43	4099.34	2612.88	3459.01	4349.49	2846.74	3290.58	3594.95	2897.15	4652.96	4421.42	4784.01	4118.1	3212.26	4245.47	4356.0	3234.77	3760.15	2933.06	3236.74	3057.48	3424.99	6929.57	4403.36	3453.86	2991.84	
253.2172565_MZ	Palmitoleic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	fatty acids, Monounsaturated. Palmitoleic acid, or 9-hexadecenoic acid, is an unsaturated fatty acid that is a common constituent of the glycerides of human adipose tissue. Present in all tissues, generally found in higher concentrations in the liver. Macadamia oil (Macadamia integrifolia) and Sea Buckthorn oil (Hippophae rhamnoides) are botanical sources of palmitoleic acid, containing 22 and 40% respectively. -- Wikipedia.	C16H30O2, Hypogeic acid, Trans-Hexa-dec-2-enoic acid, Palmitelaidic acid		None	None	None	302396.0	96909.1	120087.0	105732.0	300684.0	666783.0	308899.0	272935.0	240021.0	237200.0	196907.0	104391.0	361601.0	549749.0	63639.8	791343.0	207325.0	300929.0	204700.0	152458.0	134142.0	457371.0	242108.0	174901.0	193580.0	192490.0	320727.0	151929.0	113536.0	213312.0	142711.0	687895.0	163206.0	261521.0	129236.0	121950.0	636332.0	230318.0	163936.0	
255.1096877_MZ	2-(3-Carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-(3-Carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine is an unusual amino acid that results from the post-translational modification of histidine in certain proteins. In particular, it is a post-translational derivative of histidine that exists in protein synthesis elongation factor 2 (EF2) at the site of diphtheria toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2. It is a precursor for diphthamide. This compound is a substrate for the enzyme diphthine synthase (EC 2.1.1.98). This enzyme catalyzes the chemical reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2-(3-carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2-[3-carboxy-3-(methylammonio)propyl]-L-histidine.	C10H16N4O4		None	None	None	4227.56	4426.09	6819.03	5380.57	5530.16	5416.88	5363.27	6787.99	5391.61	5014.66	4448.12	4506.34	4814.61	6567.36	5772.26	2307.42	4301.37	5328.38	3627.44	4108.06	4593.5	3263.64	6965.77	4833.06	4658.45	5281.01	5137.17	4393.02	4706.98	4740.2	5643.94	3682.56	3822.12	4059.94	4946.68	7537.04	4453.19	4399.68	4086.04	
255.2331709_MZ	Palmitic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals and plants, a saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.(wikipedia) Biological Source: Occurs in the form of esters (glycerides) in oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin. Usually obtained from palm oil. Widely distributed in plants Use/Importance:. Palmitic acid is used in determination of water hardness Biological Use/Importance: Active ingredient of *Levovist*TM, used in echo enhancement in sonographic Doppler B-mode imaging. Ultrasound contrast medium (Dictionary of Organic Compounds).	C16H32O2, Trimethyltridecanoic acid		None	None	None	8865910.0	8531240.0	7640260.0	6196730.0	7447050.0	8980550.0	10010400.0	10206500.0	8118030.0	6536930.0	7617080.0	7951800.0	7729760.0	7803000.0	4769820.0	15071800.0	7135280.0	10524800.0	6931030.0	6777320.0	7034160.0	11186900.0	6522200.0	7860250.0	6089300.0	6766700.0	11002000.0	6110280.0	7313100.0	6868870.0	6505420.0	8828580.0	7502060.0	7314790.0	5041240.0	5513980.0	8696580.0	6522930.0	9560330.0	
256.0946105_MZ	Glycerophosphocholine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) is a choline derivative and one of the two major forms of choline storage (along with phosphocholine) in the cytosol. Glycerophosphorylcholine is also one of the four major organic osmolytes in renal medullary cells, changing their intracellular osmolyte concentration in parallel with extracellular tonicity during cellular osmoadaptation. As an osmolyte, Glycerophosphorylcholine counteracts the effects of urea on enzymes and other macromolecules. Kidneys (especially medullar cells), which are exposed under normal physiological conditions to widely fluctuating extracellular solute concentrations, respond to hypertonic stress by accumulating the organic osmolytes glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), betaine, myo-inositol, sorbitol and free amino acids. Increased intracellular contents of these osmolytes are achieved by a combination of increased uptake (myo-inositol and betaine) and synthesis (sorbitol, GPC), decreased degradation (GPC) and reduced osmolyte release. GPC is formed in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholine (PtC). This pathway is active in many body tissues, including mammary tissue.	C10H15N3O5, 5-Methylcytidine		None	None	None	24916.0	31169.7	22495.7	21823.0	31538.0	38085.4	24399.8	35708.2	22920.2	36003.2	33485.8	33304.1	40145.4	41192.4	28678.9	27456.5	33028.6	33928.7	39395.8	33426.8	31635.7	27331.5	19750.0	39854.2	30592.2	26157.3	23476.5	30325.3	29604.8	36856.0	23341.8	22544.4	18467.4	41930.1	19874.4	36373.1	27728.3	21633.4	30594.5	
256.1561330_MZ	2-Hexenoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C13H23NO4		None	None	None	2813.59	3167.5	4653.05	3049.78	2031.47	3008.79	3338.02	4512.59	2576.26	2223.08	3041.84	1975.55	2746.61	2570.88	2471.05	2280.94	2444.6	3211.84	2585.92	1752.48	3456.1	3125.57	2982.12	3161.26	1624.54	2942.54	2419.01	1934.85	3988.33	3843.88	2989.59	2224.08	1986.29	1377.02	3164.14	2499.47	2575.91	2411.28	1916.69	
257.1754043_MZ	Tetradecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetradecanedioic acid is a C14 dicarboxylic acid.	C14H26O4		None	None	None	10163.9	10601.1	19024.8	8067.1	8229.6	9503.28	9867.23	17086.0	7252.57	6917.27	9671.55	4446.79	7985.57	11599.4	8625.72	6894.23	7000.47	14082.3	7455.54	4018.73	6886.01	11249.3	8464.44	10921.5	4113.2	8658.78	9782.13	3876.86	11596.1	6273.45	5353.85	8790.8	7576.75	4176.88	8712.33	5249.54	9802.64	6167.28	3778.96	
258.0388297_MZ	Glucosamine 6-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glucosamine 6-phosphate is normally produced in endothelial cells via the de novo glucosamine synthesis by the enzyme fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase and the modulation of this pathway by hyperglycemia and glutamine. glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) catalyzes the first committed step in the pathway for biosynthesis of hexosamines in mammals. A member of the N-terminal nucleophile class of amidotransferases, GFAT transfers the amino group from the L-glutamine amide to D-fructose 6-phosphate, producing glutamic acid and glucosamine 6-phosphate. As glucosamine inhibits endothelial nitric oxide synthesis it has important implications for impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and vascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. (PMID 11270676, 11842094).	C6H14NO8P, Glucosamine-1P		None	None	None	8967.58	11280.0	11855.9	7975.33	8319.25	13088.2	7875.57	7470.32	8421.15	8156.14	8890.39	13051.1	12520.4	9257.31	10890.7	8357.76	9806.24	8413.64	11891.0	7816.75	10253.1	8246.27	7327.52	9574.66	7260.33	11237.9	7625.97	9983.37	10037.0	9974.94	7970.93	7389.27	6035.88	6365.58	9177.0	9401.53	8949.09	7874.79	8372.32	
258.1064468_MZ	Bupropion	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Bupropion is a selective catecholamine (norepinephrine and dopamine) reuptake inhibitor. It has only a small effect on serotonin reuptake. It does not inhibit MAO. The antidepressant effect of bupropion is considered to be mediated by its dopaminergic and noradrenergic action. Bupropion has also been shown to act as a competitive alpha-3-beta-4- nicotinic antagonist, the alpha-3-beta-4-antagonism has been shown to interrupt addiction in studies of other drugs such as ibogaine. This alpha-3-beta-4-antagonism correlates quite well with the observed effect of interrupting addiction. A unicyclic, aminoketone antidepressant. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not well understood, but it does appear to block dopamine uptake. The hydrochloride is available as an aid to smoking cessation treatment; Bupropion is a selective catecholamine (norepinephrine and dopamine) reuptake inhibitor. It has only a small effect on serotonin reuptake. It does not inhibit MAO. The antidepressant effect of bupropion is considered to be mediated by its dopaminergic and noradrenergic action. Bupropion has also been shown to act as a competitive alpha-3-beta-4-nicotinic antagonist, the alpha-3-beta-4-antagonism has been shown to interrupt addiction in studies of other drugs such as ibogaine. This alpha-3-beta-4-antagonism correlates quite well with the observed effect of interrupting addiction. Bupropion (amfebutamone) (brand names Wellbutrin and Zyban) is an antidepressant of the aminoketone class, chemically unrelated to tricyclics or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is similar in structure to the stimulant cathinone, and to phenethylamines in general. It is a chemical derivative of diethylpropion, an amphetamine-like substance used as an anorectic. Bupropion is both a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It is often used as a smoking cessation aid.	C13H18ClNO		None	None	None	6718.32	6975.45	10165.7	8279.15	7031.84	7365.12	6384.16	7486.76	6413.0	6634.96	7595.35	4539.25	6010.54	8616.03	6249.85	3593.69	4993.25	7451.48	5742.48	4409.69	6465.65	6465.16	6128.06	8615.66	4491.88	6209.1	5416.62	4545.18	8455.0	4291.05	5534.56	5302.05	4166.82	3830.47	4982.98	4996.7	7331.76	4984.58	4585.49	
259.0226300_MZ	Fructose 6-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fructose 6-phosphate is an important intermediate in the Carbohydrates pathway. The interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, the second step of the Embden-Meyerhof glycolytic pathway, is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI). In gluconeogenesis, fructose-6-phosphate is the immediate precursor of glucose-6-phosphate (wikipedia).	C6H13O9P, Myo-inositol 1-phosphate, Galactose 1-phosphate, Dolichyl phosphate D-mannose, Fructose 1-phosphate, Mannose 6-phosphate, D-Myo-inositol 4-phosphate, Glucose 6-phosphate, Glucose 1-phosphate, Inositol phosphate, Beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate, Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate, D-Tagatose 1-phosphate, D-Mannose 1-phosphate, Sorbose 1-phosphate, Beta-D-Fructose 2-phosphate, 1D-myo-Inositol 3-phosphate, D-Tagatose 6-phosphate		None	None	None	880646.0	708327.0	952490.0	437733.0	975445.0	974508.0	1111160.0	790221.0	1224510.0	733168.0	926728.0	1126730.0	749832.0	1250840.0	641464.0	1131770.0	1034500.0	671622.0	1138050.0	966740.0	801231.0	971065.0	809714.0	1022220.0	988793.0	1162730.0	1022050.0	1100620.0	1055170.0	835859.0	593578.0	1057130.0	856260.0	882904.0	903818.0	1283830.0	1197730.0	877248.0	1011770.0	
259.1299543_MZ	L-gamma-glutamyl-L-leucine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-gamma-glutamyl-l-leucine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411).	C11H20N2O5, L-gamma-glutamyl-L-isoleucine		None	None	None	29728.4	29813.8	27507.0	29906.7	20901.3	31694.0	22903.5	29889.7	19344.5	18574.9	26666.4	22614.8	22781.5	21421.2	30319.0	18712.0	17973.0	22513.8	24775.0	17682.8	24017.1	24314.4	26405.7	26705.5	25869.2	21457.7	21056.7	27255.5	28060.4	28830.0	24508.4	20837.5	15856.0	16973.8	23602.8	27127.2	27978.8	21733.5	22622.4	
259.2430367_MZ	Palmitaldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C16H32O		None	None	None	2242.92	1917.58	2820.91	1728.42	2624.09	2839.95	3268.07	2773.61	2159.53	1546.15	2170.64	2281.71	2276.8	2245.46	1249.37	4950.67	1891.57	3866.94	1589.27	1567.24	2034.7	2381.71	2117.4	2367.11	1600.42	1844.97	3264.67	1372.46	1739.81	2716.18	2215.74	2662.59	1768.32	1691.66	1362.31	1037.93	2227.93	1511.94	2772.1	
261.0072591_MZ	Homovanillic acid sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Homovanillic acid sulfate is a component of olive oil and is a major catecholamine metabolite.It is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain. In psychiatry and neuroscience, brain and cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) are measured as a marker of metabolic stress caused by 2-deoxy-D-glucose. HVA presence supports a diagnosis of neuroblastoma and malignant pheochromocytoma. (Wikipedia).	C9H10O7S		None	None	None	25593.8	17021.9	35470.7	14944.1	23561.1	24816.7	24503.4	22963.7	33309.0	18184.7	24462.3	33730.3	19151.7	20039.1	10041.1	45628.9	36354.4	23662.7	25920.9	32341.2	18529.0	31379.6	30527.9	25019.9	22385.6	16951.5	20669.2	21742.0	25242.9	21075.5	9099.22	26225.3	26065.9	42901.3	45641.9	14529.2	24242.9	36649.0	29147.2	
261.0725101_MZ	L-beta-aspartyl-L-glutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C9H14N2O7		None	None	None	12667.0	12456.6	15066.7	11951.1	11619.0	14029.0	12909.9	13742.9	11161.1	10384.1	11976.8	12516.6	15952.4	13140.1	11608.5	9764.14	11278.6	12905.7	12631.0	10381.6	11316.2	10893.4	11882.6	11675.9	10507.9	13993.1	12334.5	10730.5	12888.7	13341.2	10421.2	12568.2	9264.53	9760.68	10896.0	11577.1	12166.2	10596.7	9596.29	
264.9505318_MZ	2,3-Diphosphoglyceric acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG, also known as 2,3-diphosphoglycerate or 2,3-DPG) is a three carbon isomer of the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and is present at high levels in the human red blood cell (RBC; erythrocyte)--at the same molar concentration as hemoglobin. It is notable because it binds to deoxygenated hemoglobin in RBCs. In doing so, it allosterically upregulates the ability of RBCs to release oxygen near tissues that need it most. Its function was discovered in 1967 by Reinhold Benesch and Ruth Benesch.	C3H8O10P2, Glyceric acid 1,3-biphosphate		None	None	None	5712.19	6715.31	7690.51	6952.34	8990.31	7411.1	9871.2	7431.88	5999.47	12267.4	6661.33	7422.42	8124.2	11428.0	11009.8	6030.96	7365.28	7521.61	6170.67	5831.67	5745.22	6095.34	8696.51	6428.99	5900.32	9254.01	6353.48	5460.42	5433.2	12403.2	11274.9	5891.98	7044.36	6789.1	5675.09	6682.63	6104.71	6986.59	6231.0	
265.0826160_MZ	5,6-Dihydrouridine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dihydrouridine is a pyrimidine which is the result of adding two hydrogen atoms to a uridine. Dihydrouridine is found only in tRNA molecules. An inhibitor of nucleotide metabolism.	C9H14N2O6, L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-hydroxyproline		None	None	None	9170.42	12906.3	25833.5	12896.0	13316.3	14611.3	15129.5	6939.97	12171.0	11430.2	12956.2	17859.4	9481.96	12624.4	14419.0	5748.94	13391.5	14512.9	11798.9	11755.4	16059.4	9962.44	13311.6	13394.3	9713.39	18400.0	10319.0	13268.0	13303.4	18192.4	13202.3	9172.22	7529.53	8679.26	10772.1	12584.8	7302.76	7520.74	11524.0	
266.0563814_MZ	2-Amino-4-oxo-6-(1',2'-dioxoprolyl)-7,8-dihydroxypteridine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	This compound It is a byproduct of 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (EC 4.2.3.12), and associated with 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (an autosomal recessive disorder that causes malignant hyperphenylalaninemia due to tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency). (Wikipedia).	C9H9N5O5		None	None	None	9076.73	6720.76	6136.81	4325.19	5689.98	8153.57	7001.79	8782.42	4876.83	4118.13	5507.69	4437.25	5899.22	4939.32	8023.61	7453.89	5783.13	6049.33	9644.86	4034.02	5632.27	6582.56	5333.42	6174.5	4679.86	7370.78	7792.52	5392.16	6672.18	11909.7	4960.88	7003.42	4200.89	4099.74	4658.81	5400.06	6868.41	4967.24	4220.61	
266.0891179_MZ	Adenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine is a nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. For instance, adenosine plays an important role in energy transfer - as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It also plays a role in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP. Adenosine itself is both a neurotransmitter and potent vasodilator. When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node. Because of the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent supraventricular tachycardia, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agent.	C10H13N5O4, Deoxyguanosine, Neuraminic acid		None	None	None	16112.1	20735.5	19288.9	19365.2	22557.2	20884.1	22546.4	14193.9	23718.2	20018.1	19247.1	21465.7	22178.0	33533.3	21842.7	33314.8	25999.2	25752.5	19616.5	19033.5	18258.3	22766.9	29487.1	21071.0	23026.2	31121.2	29447.7	35323.7	24695.4	16670.4	22509.1	18038.6	37172.3	23628.3	25525.7	49911.6	20918.3	31022.7	19588.4	
266.1327759_MZ	Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C11H21NO5		None	None	None	2788.45	2058.94	2645.36	2978.39	1933.86	3845.23	1962.4	2055.92	2229.28	2805.42	3649.32	1553.32	4416.06	1983.5	1667.6	1711.68	2118.77	2123.28	2332.64	2606.42	3067.49	2895.26	2344.22	2366.12	2584.96	2267.67	2124.37	1958.17	8440.8	4915.21	1805.43	2112.4	1726.51	2049.79	2208.41	2350.48	2399.02	2752.73	1874.61	
267.0734580_MZ	Inosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Inosine is a purine nucleoside that has hypoxanthine linked by the N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is an intermediate in the degradation of purines and purine nucleosides to uric acid and in pathways of purine salvage. It also occurs in the anticodon of certain transfer RNA molecules. (Dorland, 28th ed).	C10H12N4O5, Allopurinol riboside, Arabinosylhypoxanthine		None	None	None	535355.0	407080.0	419595.0	408089.0	559076.0	1823340.0	855333.0	333940.0	1133060.0	1812760.0	958626.0	2349440.0	516121.0	1350400.0	631355.0	1885020.0	1238960.0	1047960.0	1060490.0	629720.0	824196.0	488426.0	1325540.0	1179110.0	1440280.0	1171460.0	1523630.0	1109990.0	1505470.0	472312.0	1864390.0	905268.0	790641.0	1000880.0	797239.0	1095570.0	1736770.0	1181440.0	361960.0	
267.1068861_MZ	6-Hydroxymelatonin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Melatonin is a hormone that is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 to its main primary metabolite 6-hydroxymelatonin. (PMID 11452239).	C13H16N2O3		None	None	None	28632.7	18396.2	22376.2	22089.3	22835.9	95645.5	36664.7	16316.7	49286.6	84207.2	43715.4	108179.0	22289.5	64375.9	30162.6	75226.8	56664.8	51695.7	41420.7	25112.2	37691.1	22760.9	69401.0	57286.2	67080.7	52750.9	68497.5	49243.0	70237.5	22128.8	88021.8	40162.6	35074.7	44202.0	30693.3	48626.6	75633.9	51689.9	17243.5	
267.2697431_MZ	Stearaldehyde	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Stearaldehyde or octadecanal is a normal long chain fatty aldehyde that can be found in total lipid extracts of muscle tissue. Stearaldehyde can also be found in the plasma of patients with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessively inherited neurocutaneous disorder caused by a deficiency of the microsomal enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH). (PMID 14564703, 11408337). Octadecanal is often used as the substrate of choice to test FALDH activity in patients suspected of having Sjogren-Larsson syndrome.	C18H36O		None	None	None	2275.43	2238.65	2254.67	1668.68	2368.78	2754.84	2712.38	2683.28	2156.7	1963.31	2368.81	2419.57	2265.91	2383.77	1825.32	3655.91	2029.9	2649.79	2103.65	2058.74	2176.04	2705.5	1916.17	2150.3	1966.98	2060.69	2701.51	2167.17	2562.19	2185.5	1820.25	2499.18	2255.35	2213.11	1842.56	2377.95	2516.19	2386.42	1988.29	
269.2119761_MZ	3-Oxohexadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxo-hexadecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, 3-Oxo-hexadecanoic acid is converted from Malonic acid via three enzymes; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, fatty-acid Synthase and beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. (EC:2.3.1.41, E.C: 2.3.1.85, 2.3.1.179).	C16H30O3		None	None	None	78702.9	78750.5	116199.0	53479.1	61560.1	75814.6	69349.4	105687.0	74049.7	59055.7	69784.7	47914.8	66826.2	76949.5	42579.8	70389.8	64467.2	104444.0	62179.8	55972.8	65389.7	92584.0	60448.7	83202.0	47921.7	64886.0	72610.1	48236.7	84155.0	48915.8	42084.3	62787.2	58698.2	49861.9	55283.6	55955.5	69898.0	55905.5	62049.6	
269.2480955_MZ	Heptadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many odd length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61% of milk fat and 0.83% of ruminant meat fat. The content of heptadecanoic acid in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans appears to be a good biological marker of long-term milk fat intake in free-living individuals in populations with high consumption of dairy products. (PMID 9701185).	C17H34O2		None	None	None	175561.0	205782.0	183582.0	156632.0	169421.0	189838.0	191053.0	196518.0	177084.0	156464.0	181219.0	174406.0	161077.0	171966.0	123067.0	302987.0	152154.0	221858.0	173784.0	160648.0	169288.0	241323.0	150830.0	171626.0	145353.0	160342.0	207628.0	159612.0	172014.0	152896.0	164060.0	158770.0	175259.0	167070.0	125416.0	146858.0	205212.0	146535.0	220051.0	
270.1835173_MZ	Dextromethorphan	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dextromethorphan is an antitussive drug that is found in many over-the-counter cold and cough preparations, usually in the form of dextromethorphan hydrobromide. Dextromethorphan is a salt of the methyl ether dextrorotatory isomer of levorphanol, a narcotic analgesic. Dextromethorphan occurs as white crystals, is sparingly soluble in water, and freely soluble in alcohol. The drug is dextrorotatory in water (at 20 degrees Celsius, Sodium D-line) with a specific rotation of +27.6 degrees. Following oral administration, dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. The first-pass through the hepatic portal vein results in some of the drug being metabolized into an active metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, the 3-hydroxy derivative of dextromethorphan. The therapeutic activity of dextromethorphan is believed to be caused by both the drug and this metabolite. Dextromethorphan is predominantly metabolized by the liver, by various hepatic enzymes. Through various pathways, the drug undergoes (O-demethylation (which produces dextrorphan), N-demethylation, and partial conjugation with glucuronic acid and sulfate ions. The inactive metabolite (+)-3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan is formed as a product of DXM metabolism by these pathways. One well known metabolic catalyst involved is a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme known as 2D6, or CYP2D6. A significant portion of the population has a functional deficiency in this enzyme (and are known as poor CYP2D6 metabolizers). As CYP2D6 is the primary metabolic pathway in the inactivation of dextromethorphan, the duration of action and effects of dextromethorphan are significantly increased in such poor metabolizers. Deaths and hospitalizations have been reported in recreational use by poor CYP2D6 metabolizers. -- Wikipedia. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity. [PubChem]	C18H25NO		None	None	None	2546.57	2529.41	3562.73	2822.98	2059.28	2699.97	2526.42	4452.54	1995.57	2165.67	2467.19	1932.17	2252.27	2950.46	1736.01	1686.12	2618.79	3596.03	1997.4	2026.09	2596.28	2500.78	3358.1	3091.37	2073.92	2307.75	3073.77	1503.17	3721.68	2215.08	2794.74	1956.49	1723.54	1735.89	2704.96	1717.99	2596.81	1865.01	1513.45	
270.2072284_MZ	Tridecanoylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tridecanoylglycine is an acylglycine with C-13 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety. Acylglycines 1 possess a common amidoacetic acid moiety and are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. Elevated levels of certain acylglycines appear in the urine and blood of patients with various fatty acid oxidation disorders. They are normally produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine &#8596; CoA + N-acylglycine.	C15H29NO3		None	None	None	54587.6	52813.6	41053.4	44214.5	42912.5	54082.8	46429.9	59300.6	42360.4	47265.6	62363.4	5887.54	147123.0	49913.7	29783.4	42456.4	55477.5	56491.8	40215.0	5844.23	39123.1	71948.8	35990.6	62476.4	4062.94	49891.2	40628.1	4218.85	50392.2	39769.9	35453.0	58659.1	34062.3	3040.83	39690.8	4595.04	94153.9	36538.5	3234.71	
271.0783155_MZ	Deoxyinosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxyinosine is a nucleoside that is formed when hypoxanthine is attached to a deoxyribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a beta-N9-glycosidic bond. Deoxyinosine is found in DNA while Inosine is found in RNA. Inosine is a nucleic acid important for RNA editing. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) catalyzes the conversion of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine, respectively. ADA-deficient individuals suffer from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and are unable to produce significant numbers of mature T or B lymphocytes. This occurs as a consequence of the accumulation of ADA substrates or their metabolites. Inosine is also an intermediate in a chain of purine nucleotides reactions required for muscle movements.	C10H12N4O4		None	None	None	6432.34	6406.14	16647.9	12074.4	10147.2	8945.21	8974.26	9776.99	7124.01	7767.43	9616.6	6576.82	7781.48	12321.6	9517.95	4700.89	7107.61	10661.7	6938.53	6967.84	8077.37	5163.85	7536.65	8469.02	7250.57	7987.66	7468.31	6527.91	9231.82	7294.79	7879.24	7264.93	5369.39	5851.02	6468.28	6984.98	7924.45	6429.44	5552.58	
271.1726068_MZ	Estradiol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Estradiol is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids. Estradiol is produced in the ovaries. The ovary requires both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to produce sex steroids. LH stimulates the cells surrounding the follicle to produce progesterone and androgens. The androgens diffuse across the basement membrane to the granulosa cell layer, where, under the action of FSH, they are aromatized to estrogens, mainly estradiol. The ovary shows cyclical activity, unlike the testis that is maintained in a more or less constant state of activity. Hormone secretions vary according to the phase of the menstrual cycle. In the developing follicle LH receptors (LH-R) are only located on the thecal cells and FSH receptors (FSHR) on the granulosa cells. The dominant pre-ovulatory follicle develops LH-Rs on the granulosa cells prior to the LH surge. Thecal cells of the preovulatory follicle also develop the capacity to synthesize estradiol and this persists when the thecal cells become incorporated into the corpus luteum. After ovulation, the empty follicle is remodelled and plays an important role in the second half or luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. This phase is dominated by progesterone and, to a lesser extent, estradiol secretion by the corpus luteum. estradiol is also synthesized locally from cholesterol through testosterone in the hippocampus and acts rapidly to modulate neuronal synaptic plasticity. Localization of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) in spines in addition to nuclei of principal neurons implies that synaptic ERalpha is responsible for rapid modulation of synaptic plasticity by endogenous estradiol. estradiol is a potent endogenous antioxidant which suppresses hepatic fibrosis in animal models, and attenuates induction of redox sensitive transcription factors, hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic stellate cells activation by inhibiting a generation of reactive oxygen species in primary cultures. This suggests that the greater progression of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in men and postmenopausal women may be due, at least in part, to lower production of estradiol and a reduced response to the action of estradiol. estradiol has been reported to induce the production of interferon (INF)-gamma in lymphocytes, and augments an antigen-specific primary antibody response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. IFN-gamma is a potent cytokine with immunomodulatory and antiproliferative properties. Therefore, female subjects, particularly before menopause, may produce antibodies against hepatitis B virus e antigen and hepatitis B virus surface antigen at a higher frequency than males with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The estradiol-Dihydrotestosterone model of prostate cancer (PC) proposes that the first step in the development of most PC and breast cancer (BC) occurs when aromatase converts testosterone to estradiol. (PMID: 17708600, 17678531, 17644764).	C18H24O2		None	None	None	4124.49	4939.44	5416.66	6532.16	5879.41	4852.92	4535.17	5061.71	5221.21	3801.12	5091.61	2784.04	3464.55	4979.14	3826.74	1671.02	5122.96	5180.53	3275.86	2135.08	4004.93	3991.62	9870.95	5634.86	2594.93	4857.06	3336.17	2025.14	5614.55	6012.65	6407.54	4229.45	7232.17	1933.75	5502.7	2360.89	3915.51	3803.9	3233.26	
271.2275128_MZ	(R)-3-Hydroxy-hexadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(R)-3-Hydroxy-hexadecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, (R)-3-Hydroxy-hexadecanoic acid is converted from 3-Oxo-tetradecanoic acid via fatty-acid Synthase and 3-oxoacyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] reductase. (EC: 2.3.1.85 and EC: 2.3.1.41).	C16H32O3		None	None	None	46775.8	45228.8	48168.0	30141.5	35685.7	47287.4	40896.2	52713.3	38797.4	37602.7	41046.0	30669.3	43252.4	41505.2	25793.7	40596.5	40329.2	46451.7	33938.8	30290.3	38346.5	51159.1	33926.7	44561.0	28952.9	35910.1	43897.4	26582.0	51306.5	31428.2	27356.5	37149.5	34580.6	27384.0	30505.5	32858.5	38434.2	31798.8	34082.4	
272.1872802_MZ	Heptanoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C14H27NO4		None	None	None	3670.01	3111.38	4578.2	6317.62	2083.09	3326.96	3700.23	5471.33	2961.44	2103.9	2725.38	2360.21	3897.54	2574.74	3802.04	2027.59	3144.12	3410.16	2981.99	1578.73	4431.82	3011.03	3511.92	3692.56	2413.8	2918.54	3287.55	1607.65	4577.91	3186.12	4017.72	2726.44	1767.33	1221.07	3469.19	2274.71	3315.74	2797.07	3154.06	
273.1699087_MZ	3-Hydroxytetradecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxytetradecanedioic acid is an unusual 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acid human metabolite found occasionally in urine. (PMID 2925825) High levels of 3-Hydroxytetradecanedioic acid (and other 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acids) were detected in the urine of a patient with 3-hydroxydicarboxylic aciduria (PMID 1507493), due to acute intoxication associated with hopantenate occurs owing to pantothenic acid deficiency or the inhibition of CoA-requiring reactions during stress, i.e., infection, prolonged fasting, or malnutrition (PMID 2026687), and in a patient with thanatophoric dysplasia due to enhanced but incomplete oxidation of fatty acid, a consequence of a heterozygous point mutation, S249C in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene. (PMID 11879084).	C14H26O5		None	None	None	6136.13	7223.84	9840.94	5821.92	5287.21	6954.18	5503.69	8834.95	4746.6	5283.21	5422.3	3832.14	5309.22	7819.34	7219.6	4477.12	4922.81	8414.71	4489.53	2931.24	4829.02	5437.35	5331.35	6708.04	3330.74	6149.62	4789.92	3323.89	7612.18	4825.6	4816.79	5557.11	4413.21	2632.04	6451.01	4253.75	5496.18	3605.58	2756.86	
273.1867969_MZ	Nandrolone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nandrolone is a C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of estradiol to resemble testosterone but less one carbon at the 19 position. -- Pubchem; Nandrolone is an anabolic steroid occurring naturally in the human body, albeit in small quantities. Nandrolone is most commonly sold commercially as its decanoate ester (Deca-Durabolin) and less commonly as a phenylpropionate ester (Durabolin). Nandrolone use is indirectly detectable in urine tests by testing for the presence of 19-norandrosterone, a metabolism product of this molecule. The International Olympic Committee has set a limit of 2 ng per ml of urine as the upper limit, beyond which an athlete is suspected of doping. -- Wikipedia.	C18H26O2		None	None	None	5649.91	6055.05	6445.23	5530.67	5601.85	5837.07	5130.6	5971.73	7922.59	5560.27	5269.68	5953.88	6558.01	7534.32	4578.36	4410.59	5702.5	5734.25	4895.16	4520.76	6000.02	4869.63	5328.69	5901.87	4607.23	5322.5	4971.45	4108.28	6636.82	5184.68	4397.96	4440.9	5521.66	4341.37	5106.26	4070.98	5036.0	4747.21	5112.45	
274.1042245_MZ	Gamma-Glutamylglutamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	gamma-Glutamylglutamine has been identified in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from hyperammonaemic patients.	C10H17N3O6, Norophthalmic acid		None	None	None	11668.1	12494.4	15269.0	10271.6	10808.7	29912.8	11473.1	16550.1	13470.1	9108.51	10639.9	12393.4	15618.6	19162.5	12085.1	8365.74	10228.6	11541.3	11343.6	10597.5	12466.7	10609.9	9582.41	11009.5	10443.2	13820.5	10887.8	9830.6	12575.4	14409.9	9395.12	11906.5	6881.56	8178.89	10633.5	11038.1	17207.5	8359.46	9838.92	
275.0171116_MZ	6-Phosphogluconic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Intermediate in the Pentose phosphate pathway (KEGG).	C6H13O10P		None	None	None	19413.4	14797.4	33486.8	11078.1	35680.9	23139.4	29999.0	24463.3	31913.1	19638.8	27017.6	25994.1	23783.5	31815.2	11857.1	29095.2	35402.1	26400.5	27442.1	36627.4	20167.3	26803.4	35396.3	22780.3	22975.5	22732.2	18297.0	19243.0	32299.9	26524.2	13553.2	23590.2	21611.8	41989.5	31114.4	15663.2	15329.9	38274.0	40189.9	
275.0922980_MZ	Gamma Glutamylglutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Gamma Glutamylglutamic acid is made of two glutamic acid molecules. Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. It is not among the essential amino acids. Glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids, which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles in the body. Glutamate is the most abundant fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, it is believed that glutamic acid is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. Glutamate transporters are found in neuronal and glial membranes. They rapidly remove glutamate from the extracellular space. In brain injury or disease, they can work in reverse and excess glutamate can accumulate outside cells. This process causes calcium ions to enter cells via NMDA receptor channels, leading to neuronal damage and eventual cell death, and is called excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of cell death include: * Damage to mitochondria from excessively high intracellular Ca2+. * Glu/Ca2+-mediated promotion of transcription factors for pro-apoptotic genes, or downregulation of transcription factors for anti-apoptotic genes. Excitotoxicity due to glutamate occurs as part of the ischemic cascade and is associated with stroke and diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimer's disease. glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous depolarization around one second apart, and this firing pattern is similar to what is known as paroxysmal depolarizing shift in epileptic attacks. This change in the resting membrane potential at seizure foci could cause spontaneous opening of voltage activated calcium channels, leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid).	C10H16N2O7		None	None	None	7335.73	7580.56	11285.8	8592.35	10611.1	10904.0	9986.4	8750.67	8456.39	7012.7	11567.9	6628.22	8346.74	12194.2	8384.99	5283.65	6661.61	7377.45	7027.31	5094.71	7391.66	5787.94	8295.56	8518.1	5898.32	8919.76	7043.03	5941.23	10360.5	8404.47	7395.45	6649.89	4932.58	4415.34	5629.32	6328.87	7717.93	6044.01	5502.3	
275.1249174_MZ	Saccharopine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Saccharopine is an intermediate in the degradation of lysine, formed by condensation of lysine and alpha-ketoglutarate. The saccharopine pathway is the main route for lysine degradation in mammal and its first two reactions are catalyzed by enzymatic activities known as lysine-oxoglutarate reductase (LOR) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (SDH), which reside on a single bifunctional polypeptide (EC EC 1.5.1.8, LOR/SDH). The reactions involved by saccharopine dehydrogenases have a very strict substrate specificity for L-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate and NADPH. LOR/SDH has been detected in a number of mammalian tissues, mainly in the liver and kidney, contributing not only to the general nitrogen balance in the organism but also to the controlled conversion of lysine into ketone bodies. A tetrameric form has also been observed in human liver and placenta. LOR activity has also been detected in brain mitochondria during embryonic development, and this opens the question of whether the degradation of lysine has any functional significance during brain development and puts a new focus on the nutritional requirements for lysine in gestation and infancy. Finally, LOR and/or SDH deficiencies seem to be involved in a human autosomic genetic disorder known as familial hyperlysinemia, which is characterized by serious defects in the functioning of the nervous system, and characterized by deficiency in lysine-ketoglutarate reductase, saccharopine dehydrogenase, and saccharopine oxidoreductase activities. Saccharopinuria (high amounts of saccharopine in the urine) and saccharopinemia (an excess of saccharopine in the blood) are conditions present in some inherited disorders of lysine degradation. (PMID: 463877, 10567240, 10772957, 4809305).	C11H20N2O6		None	None	None	14813.3	37903.9	24345.7	28783.7	12291.0	25648.4	19333.9	21269.0	16069.8	9986.5	15184.6	35099.7	18572.9	15553.0	39670.9	32924.8	7969.35	21844.6	11959.5	12022.2	12254.6	13221.8	23407.7	18559.0	10358.9	16182.0	12290.3	17096.8	32151.8	33019.1	11080.2	8575.83	18235.4	17238.3	20676.5	17892.0	16201.4	17458.3	13270.8	
275.2010857_MZ	Stearidonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Stearidonic acid is found in dietary plant oils which are metabolized to longer-chain, more unsaturated (n-3) PUFA. These oils appear to possess hypotriglyceridemic properties typically associated with fish oils.(PMID: 15173404). Stearidonic acid may be used as a precursor to increase the EPA content of human lipids and that combinations of gamma-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid eicosapentaenoic acid can be used to manipulate the fatty acid compositions of lipid pools in subtle ways. Such effects may offer new strategies for manipulation of cell composition in order to influence cellular responses and functions in desirable ways. (PMID: 15120716).	C18H28O2, 19-Norandrosterone, 19-Nor-5-androstenediol, 19-Noretiocholanolone		None	None	None	4891.1	5087.75	6281.22	5049.57	4821.74	9716.9	4798.94	4896.39	7519.52	5455.85	5706.4	5196.96	4797.69	7898.09	3619.45	5649.66	8649.52	6874.95	4592.89	3917.29	5182.98	5706.95	4593.44	7013.77	3957.68	5605.55	5908.28	3286.88	6604.99	4493.15	4540.0	5249.81	4269.85	4053.55	5665.65	3524.65	5774.75	4429.03	5179.9	
275.2374322_MZ	5a-Androstan-3b-ol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C19H32O		None	None	None	1428.58	1319.15	1168.45	1146.24	1379.95	1340.5	1622.11	1582.69	1418.15	1114.27	1428.57	1408.96	1364.93	1286.45	942.323	2642.93	1217.15	1720.05	1215.48	1246.68	1297.5	1762.22	1191.39	1338.19	1058.91	1349.17	1632.43	1048.66	1146.9	1314.68	1118.73	1579.77	1230.23	1337.87	1221.8	1086.92	1551.7	1205.15	1732.53	
276.9040357_MZ	PPPi	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		H5O10P3		None	None	None	12545.3	13517.2	12795.9	12424.4	13259.9	12691.1	13018.9	12804.2	14371.8	13590.0	12504.9	13803.6	12566.8	12736.5	10395.2	16234.7	14947.2	13797.9	12952.6	14489.1	13059.1	14537.7	13963.4	13755.8	13344.7	14286.4	13758.2	14281.9	13525.4	11564.4	10936.4	13209.8	18152.6	15088.8	14358.1	13396.8	13831.2	15210.1	14823.9	
277.1440343_MZ	Alpha-CEHC	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (alpha-CEHC) has been identified as a major water-soluble metabolite of vitamin E, which circulates in the blood and is excreted with the urine. (PMID 12420750).	C16H22O4, Monoethylhexyl phthalic acid		None	None	None	15799.9	16756.8	22679.1	14457.6	17277.9	20844.5	20872.9	20093.4	13888.4	17432.5	20268.7	8506.88	16384.0	19712.0	11647.8	15935.7	16896.1	20992.0	12879.8	7422.17	15366.8	16837.6	12898.5	18754.1	8016.06	15966.4	17892.5	7351.27	21032.7	16719.2	13043.6	15381.8	10087.0	7636.97	11820.2	8915.14	14814.7	11304.0	9306.18	
277.1551852_MZ	Leucyl-phenylalanine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Leucyl-phenylalanine (leu-phe) is a peptide made of leucine and phenylalanine molecules. They are an essential amino acids.	C15H22N2O3		None	None	None	7075.49	7321.28	6543.19	6965.96	7659.57	7710.62	5826.49	6732.04	10175.2	6547.09	8441.22	5433.76	7379.47	7178.91	4650.19	5506.51	4983.04	7345.07	4591.63	5452.1	5352.58	6851.89	5922.29	9678.55	7093.31	5051.34	5627.7	10353.7	6551.51	4670.56	5549.21	5261.57	4968.92	6004.11	5675.72	10118.2	8394.1	5414.15	5070.8	
277.2169946_MZ	Alpha-Linolenic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). It is a member of the group of essential fatty acids called omega-3 fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic acid, in particular, is not synthesized by mammals and therefore is an essential dietary requirement for all mammals. Certain nuts (English walnuts) and vegetable oils (canola, soybean, flaxseed/linseed, olive) are particularly rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Omega-3 fatty acids get their name based on the location of one of their first double bond. In all omega-3 fatty acids, the first double bond is located between the third and fourth carbon atom counting from the methyl end of the fatty acid (n-3). Although humans and other mammals can synthesize saturated and some monounsaturated fatty acids from carbon groups in carbohydrates and proteins, they lack the enzymes necessary to insert a cis double bond at the n-6 or the n-3 position of a fatty acid. Omega-3 fatty acids like a-linolenic acid are important structural components of cell membranes. When incorporated into phospholipids, they affect cell membrane properties such as fluidity, flexibility, permeability and the activity of membrane bound enzymes. Omega-3 fatty acids can modulate the expression of a number of genes, including those involved with fatty acid metabolism and inflammation. Alpha linolenic acid and other omega 3 fatty acids may regulate gene expression by interacting with specific transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) and liver X receptors (LXRs).	C18H30O2, Gamma-Linolenic acid		None	None	None	39259.7	31468.1	37093.6	31714.3	33257.4	126175.0	51246.7	43421.8	69209.9	45779.4	29693.8	35347.5	50115.0	85154.3	16614.5	80152.2	73071.0	78781.6	33016.6	19482.4	32083.6	50086.6	33413.9	45915.3	22872.7	39450.0	68029.4	16824.0	30049.2	48107.4	28711.4	61403.1	30678.4	28643.4	34589.7	15009.7	67278.5	33401.5	31635.7	
279.2329303_MZ	Linoleic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Linoleic acid is a doubly unsaturated fatty acid, also known as an omega-6 fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. In this particular polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), the first double bond is located between the sixth and seventh carbon atom from the methyl end of the fatty acid (n-6). Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid in human nutrition because it cannot be synthesized by humans. It is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (via arachidonic acid) and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed).	C18H32O2, Bovinic acid, 9E,11E-Octadecadienoic acid, 10E,12Z-Octadecadienoic acid, Linoelaidic acid		None	None	None	741923.0	498609.0	711686.0	433288.0	745223.0	1784970.0	1218300.0	1016940.0	868973.0	585766.0	548567.0	766739.0	1065100.0	1367530.0	307478.0	1715650.0	875493.0	1655850.0	592474.0	390927.0	556717.0	966575.0	678664.0	676561.0	453911.0	639642.0	1457210.0	346868.0	476860.0	1116110.0	506366.0	1313270.0	681613.0	714260.0	459780.0	251312.0	1185950.0	583803.0	677472.0	
280.0852147_MZ	4-Hydroxyphenylacetylglutamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	4-Hydroxyphenylacetylglutamine is involved in tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolism.	C13H15NO6		None	None	None	3567.27	3732.35	4875.69	4410.19	3342.87	4719.45	3649.45	3909.04	3691.89	3459.43	3673.37	3047.96	3515.47	3731.24	3918.57	3994.15	4224.98	3752.03	3426.74	3062.84	3976.47	3488.08	3997.17	3848.96	3257.26	4287.31	3194.24	3595.29	4832.2	3666.71	3810.33	3025.19	2763.27	3270.89	4264.87	3956.52	4632.5	3517.43	3117.81	
280.1030489_MZ	1-Methyladenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-methyladenosine is one of the modified nucleosides, the levels of which are elevated in urine of patients with malignant tumors. Examination of expression of 1-methyladenosine is expected to be useful for the histological diagnosis of intraocular tumors. (PMID 8434538).	C11H15N5O4, N6-Methyladenosine, 2'-O-Methyladenosine, 3'-O-Methyladenosine		None	None	None	5967.79	7493.67	8074.94	7201.44	6663.71	8278.36	6666.05	6625.77	8064.23	6375.01	6735.53	6415.97	6436.08	6595.32	6239.09	4627.78	7533.86	6425.63	7925.98	5857.84	7360.3	7583.04	5615.52	7045.49	6377.1	7655.03	6745.31	7744.13	7970.41	6090.45	5841.43	5250.31	4115.89	5932.87	8140.3	9714.12	10260.7	5331.85	5401.75	
280.1265649_MZ	Gamma glutamyl ornithine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Gamma glutamyl ornithine is found in human urine. - PubMed reference: 1148212. Gamma-glutamylornithine has been identified in urine from patients with the HHH syndrome (hyperornithinemia, hyperammonemia and homocitrullinuria) and with gyrate atrophy associated with hyperornithinemia. The amount of gamma-glutamylornithine excreted was 10-15 times higher than that excreted in normal subjects. - PubMed reference: 6547887.	C10H19N3O5, Aspartylysine, Alpha-Aspartyl-lysine		None	None	None	3862.15	4069.14	5781.82	5316.59	5226.56	7457.66	3690.13	3918.28	4737.61	6210.64	7864.51	4528.34	6483.61	7342.31	2813.61	2192.98	3231.32	3581.22	3473.82	4442.8	7153.85	4233.26	3919.93	5373.86	3615.82	3487.61	2887.43	3683.21	10134.1	3412.68	3691.23	2915.86	2901.99	4562.39	4000.04	6001.59	4282.08	4078.94	5319.52	
281.2486907_MZ	Oleic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed) Biological Source: Major constituent of plant oils e.g. olive oil (about 80%), almond oil (about 80%) and many others, mainly as glyceride. Constituent of tall oil and present in fruits Use/Importance: Food additive. Oleic acid is used in manufacturing of surfactants, soaps, plasticizers. Emulsifying agent in foods and pharmaceuticals. Biological Use/Importance: Skin penetrant. Herbicide, insecticide, fungicide (Dictionary of Organic Compounds). Oleic acid is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colourless oil, although commercial samples may be yellowish. In chemical terms, oleic acid is classified as a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid. It has the formula CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH. The term oleic means related to, or derived from, oil or olive, the oil that is predominantly composed of oleic acid. (Wiki).	C18H34O2, Elaidic acid, Vaccenic acid		None	None	None	1927140.0	704728.0	967869.0	686864.0	2061130.0	3640440.0	2465200.0	2278080.0	1564340.0	1431210.0	1273090.0	1213170.0	2920460.0	3032930.0	465454.0	4410360.0	1260380.0	2943460.0	1177750.0	1072670.0	892092.0	2439580.0	1617220.0	1100720.0	1493120.0	1125800.0	2649210.0	955201.0	708949.0	1438150.0	849188.0	3936180.0	1250510.0	2392050.0	1000480.0	776086.0	3102930.0	1572880.0	1179960.0	
283.0679885_MZ	Xanthosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Xanthosine is produced by guanine-free mutants of bacteria e.g. Bacillus subtilis, Aerobacter aerogenes. Also reported from seeds of Trifolium alexandrinum Physical Description: Prismatic cryst. (H2O) (Chemnetbase) The deamination product of guanosine. Xanthosine monophosphate is an intermediate in purine metabolism, formed from IMP, and forming GMP.(Wikipedia). Xanthylic acid can be used in quantitative measurements of the Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activities in purine metabolism, as recommended to ensure optimal thiopurine therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). (PMID: 16725387).	C10H12N4O6		None	None	None	35913.7	35193.1	25035.3	22712.2	29306.4	132539.0	36433.6	20773.5	67451.0	81168.0	61407.0	106609.0	31548.8	51001.1	42369.9	158377.0	103312.0	47084.4	75684.3	46430.2	93948.9	30717.1	37291.5	72048.5	83855.5	42263.6	82653.6	50793.8	90699.0	34808.7	89141.1	50118.3	22979.3	44763.9	45197.7	42459.3	122180.0	42225.7	23098.8	
283.0821277_MZ	p-Cresol glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	p-Cresol glucuronide is a glucuronide derivative a p-Cresol that is typically excreted in the urine. P-Cresol (the precursor of p-cresol sulfate (PCS) and p-cresol glucuronide (PCG)) is mainly generated as an end product of tyrosine biotransformation by anaerobic intestinal bacteria. During passage through the colonic mucosa and liver, sulfatation and glucuronidation generates p-Cresol sulfate (as the most preponderant metabolite) and p-Cresol glucuronide (at markedly lower concentrations) (PMID: 23826225). Cresols are known as methylphenols. Cresols are used to dissolve other chemicals, such as disinfectants and deodorizers. They are also used to make specific chemicals that kill insect pests. Cresol solutions are used as household cleaners and disinfectants such as Lysol. Cresol solutions can also be found in photographic developers. In the past, cresol solutions have been used as antiseptics in surgery, but they have been largely displaced in this role by less toxic compounds. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in brown mixtures such as creosote, cresolene and cresylic acids, which are wood preservatives. Microbes in the soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Most exposures to cresols are at very low levels that are not harmful. When cresols are breathed, ingested, or applied to the skin at very high levels, they can be very harmful. Effects observed in people include irritation and burning of skin, eyes, mouth, and throat; abdominal pain and vomiting. Cresols are also a chemical component found in Sharpie Markers. P-cresol is a major component in pig odor.	C13H16O7		None	None	None	29449.3	35585.8	35381.8	36724.5	21295.4	47250.3	13447.5	14304.8	18828.2	20630.1	17593.3	51315.9	18019.9	44370.6	63219.8	31122.5	24622.7	24902.6	16641.2	14772.4	30400.5	19566.8	16230.6	31813.6	25856.5	23426.0	34728.7	29732.0	52797.2	52281.9	24944.3	22434.8	14656.4	22985.5	36869.5	26440.3	26301.2	21738.8	7055.05	
283.2641168_MZ	Stearic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Stearic acid, also called octadecanoic acid, is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is a waxy solid, and its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)16COOH. Its name comes from the Greek word stear, which means tallow. Its IUPAC name is octadecanoic acid. -- Wikipedia.	C18H36O2		None	None	None	9012740.0	10543300.0	8949410.0	7751880.0	8642970.0	7907630.0	9988180.0	10161900.0	8833420.0	7282800.0	9129790.0	8766060.0	7985940.0	7817270.0	5952530.0	16132200.0	7379380.0	10878000.0	8622060.0	8015120.0	8409040.0	12167600.0	7338580.0	8630310.0	7084260.0	7836400.0	11033200.0	7708750.0	8414200.0	7561700.0	8244640.0	7868000.0	8891030.0	8091050.0	6021900.0	7124510.0	9915160.0	7244320.0	11231500.0	
284.0305575_MZ	2-(Formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-(Formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine is an intermediate in purine metabolism. The enzyme phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase [EC:6.3.5.3] catalyzes the production of this metabolite from N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.	C6H12N3O8P		None	None	None	5563.57	4434.4	5478.9	5364.46	5513.37	7965.46	5250.15	4049.36	6278.74	6098.91	5770.63	6560.58	6338.1	6451.36	7036.16	7965.05	7721.77	5453.68	5661.02	6688.37	5654.27	4883.02	4857.81	6138.17	5448.14	5801.02	5736.93	6787.03	6721.51	4706.76	5558.29	5130.62	4320.16	6914.78	6083.87	7734.85	6513.02	6345.77	6507.1	
285.2031695_MZ	Hexadecanedioic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hexadecanedioic acid is activated by mitochondrial and microsomal fractions in liver (PMID 4372285). It has an antitumor activity (PMID 14987827).	C16H30O4		None	None	None	9853.84	9732.98	22513.1	7618.92	10619.0	10143.6	11379.5	21373.9	7872.39	8988.82	7553.74	4825.68	10023.7	15196.6	8681.87	8749.74	9708.9	19800.9	7887.39	4506.02	7479.25	10665.0	9406.16	11688.4	5030.76	9341.01	11645.1	4834.58	10924.2	6453.9	5708.18	8887.01	7632.29	5617.52	8177.42	6256.93	9778.45	6276.26	4822.73	
286.2019460_MZ	L-Octanoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Octanoylcarnitine is the physiologically active form of octanoylcarnitine. (PMID 11274033). Octanoylcarnitine is detected in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. MCAD is characterized by intolerance to prolonged fasting, recurrent episodes of hypoglycemic coma with medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria, impaired ketogenesis, and low plasma and tissue carnitine levels. (OMIM 201450).	C15H29NO4		None	None	None	4323.93	4597.47	6406.81	4059.77	3048.22	4630.43	6144.64	6264.43	4824.74	4077.05	4413.8	1158.22	5820.5	4688.78	3520.08	5550.53	3839.96	5589.94	3697.41	1982.47	3145.21	5067.22	3273.45	5953.23	1327.87	3504.03	5781.69	1474.39	4615.93	4758.4	3423.2	4062.35	2620.82	2199.4	3536.24	2655.73	7144.67	3014.74	806.014	
287.2410166_MZ	All-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	All-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol is involved in the retinol metabolism pathway. In this pathway, all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol and an acceptor molecule is reversibly converted to retinol (vitamin A) plus reduced acceptor via the enzyme all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase (EC 1.3.99.23). (KEGG).	C20H32O		None	None	None	1766.41	1023.26	5467.49	1012.61	2013.59	1489.12	7806.05	7030.45	1120.64	941.671	1242.97	1157.62	2311.1	1868.15	837.169	9053.2	1310.59	6485.86	1010.9	801.729	1009.11	1707.1	1083.69	1816.8	878.31	1433.75	5477.12	632.487	1232.89	5987.54	739.156	2552.7	1457.65	1900.13	833.871	710.577	1594.58	1326.88	1190.2	
288.1200573_MZ	Ophthalmic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ophthalmic acid is an analogue of glutathione isolated from crystalline lens.	C11H19N3O6		None	None	None	101027.0	85261.3	189984.0	222436.0	41769.8	65503.3	73201.8	78969.0	75516.0	77489.0	148593.0	76007.3	144228.0	98522.5	76471.0	48518.6	31021.9	51657.5	33983.5	61767.5	82331.6	64853.7	74599.9	86165.9	229620.0	48888.2	37218.5	35053.0	77246.2	85688.8	49908.0	100141.0	42396.4	69365.2	83620.5	37263.8	64244.3	96148.5	67267.2	
289.0325359_MZ	D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate is an intermediate of the Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that has two functions: the generation of NADPH for reductive syntheses and oxidative stress responses within cells, and the formation of ribose residues for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis. (PMID 16055050)It is formed by transketolase and acted upon (degraded) by transaldolase. Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate can be increased in the blood of patients affected with a transaldolase deficiency (TALDO1; EC 2.2.1.2). (PMID 12881455) Sedoheptulose is a ketoheptose, a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms and a ketone functional group. It is one of the few heptoses found in nature. (wikipedia).	C7H15O10P		None	None	None	119183.0	84820.6	130880.0	53706.8	111844.0	89373.4	152031.0	89506.2	149918.0	96173.2	101604.0	77922.9	109054.0	161702.0	46452.4	110558.0	150925.0	88473.2	131274.0	113111.0	97752.9	131846.0	105578.0	125719.0	120778.0	142139.0	125523.0	118696.0	109340.0	73629.1	42068.3	127908.0	121561.0	90336.1	105091.0	192428.0	138198.0	119102.0	133768.0	
290.1297087_MZ	S-(2-Methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-(2-Methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide-E is an intermediate in isoleucine degradation. S-(2-Methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide is normally conjugated to a lysine residue of the methylpropanoyltransferase enzyme (E stands for enzyme). The structure shown here is the free form. Specifically S-(2-Methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide-E is the 2-methylbutanoyl thioester of the reduced lipoyllysine residue in dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase.	C13H25NO2S2, S-(3-Methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide-E		None	None	None	5130.29	4959.59	10071.4	6839.94	3900.95	5503.15	4281.22	8415.43	3801.23	4335.18	5746.74	4092.36	4785.61	7915.55	5712.46	3130.92	4073.4	6116.03	3111.78	3018.04	4215.23	4029.83	4135.8	6563.45	4607.96	4289.42	3506.44	2422.59	6315.46	3604.53	3938.01	5312.43	3118.57	2535.06	3680.8	3295.46	4619.77	3381.73	2868.58	
293.0098705_MZ	D-Glucuronic acid 1-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Glucuronic acid 1-phosphate is an end product of the UDP-glucuronic acid pathway. Formation of free glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid can be considered as the first step in the synthesis of vitamin C, a pathway that occurs in most vertebrates, although not in guinea pigs and primates, including humans. Free glucuronic acid can also be converted to pentose phosphate intermediates via the 'pentose pathway'. The latter is interrupted in subjects with pentosuria, who have a deficiency in l-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.10, an enzyme that belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family) and excrete abnormal amounts of l-xylulose. Some xenobiotics stimulate the formation of vitamin C in animals and enhance the excretion of l-xylulose in humans with pentosuria and have shown that aminopyrine, metyrapone and other xenobiotics cause an almost instantaneous increase in the conversion of UDP-glucuronic acid to glucuronic acid. It is usually stated that glucuronic acid formation from UDP-glucuronic acid is the result of two successive reactions comprising the hydrolysis of UDP-glucuronic acid to glucuronic acid 1-phosphate and UMP by nucleotide pyrophosphatase (E-NPP3, EC 3.6.1.9), followed by dephosphorylation of glucuronic acid 1-phosphate. Glucuronidation is responsible for conjugating potentially toxic lipophilic compounds with glucuronic acid, thereby producing molecules with greater aqueous solubility that is excreted more readily into urine and bile. The rate at which any compound may be glucuronidated depends on the concentration and activity of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases as well as the concentration of the cofactor UDP-glucuronic acid. UDP-glucuronic acid is formed after oxidation of UDP-glucose by UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH, EC 1.1.1.22) with NAD as the electron acceptor. UDP-glucuronic acid may then be either used as the glucuronic acid donor for xenobiotic conjugation reactions by UDPglucuronosyltransferases (GlcAT-P, EC 2.4.1.17), or degraded to D-glucuronic acid 1-phosphate after the phosphodiester bond is cleaved by E-NPP3. E-NPP3 is the same enzyme that further reduces D-Glucuronic acid 1-phosphate to free D-glucuronic acid. Decreases in UDP-glucuronic acid concentration may be due to reduced availability of UDP-glucose or decreased UGDH activity or to increased activities of GlcAT-P or E-NPP3. Exposure to volatile anesthetics reduces hepatic UDP-glucuronic acid concentrations, and alters the rate of conjugation of compounds such as acetaminophen, bilirubin, diethylstilbestrol, iopanoic acid and valproic acid in a non-sex-dependent fashion in experimental mice. The depletion of UDP-glucuronic acid by anesthetics is caused by altered activity of microsomal E-NPP3. (PMID: 2167093, 16689937, 1276).	C6H11O10P		None	None	None	17585.9	20047.8	18259.2	20506.2	18864.5	19432.2	21840.2	20840.4	17479.2	21191.4	23660.2	19443.2	21370.6	23577.3	29045.8	20994.4	21533.4	17931.4	18658.7	21492.1	16393.5	20376.7	25720.1	15896.2	16725.1	20903.7	18135.4	16302.3	24620.7	21049.1	31809.1	21810.1	15741.8	23988.8	19044.9	19610.3	18921.7	21597.2	22843.8	
293.2114691_MZ	17-Hydroxylinolenic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	17-hydroxylinolenic acid participates in alpha- Linolenic acid metabolism. 17-hydroxylinolenic acid is produced from alpha linolenic acid. Alpha-Linolenic acid is an organic compound found in many common vegetable oils. Systematically, it is named all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid.[1] In physiological literature, it is given the name 18:3 (n&#8722;3). Alpha-linolenic acid is a carboxylic acid with an 18-carbon chain and three cis double bonds. The first double bond is located at the third carbon from the n end. Thus, &#945;-linolenic acid is a polyunsaturated n&#8722;3 (omega-3) fatty acid. It is an isomer of &#947;-linolenic acid, a polyunsaturated n&#8722;6 (omega-6) fatty acid.(Wikipedia).	C18H30O3, 13-OxoODE, 9-OxoODE, A-12(13)-EpODE, 13-HOTE, 15(16)-EpODE, 9(10)-EpODE, 9-HOTE		None	None	None	13652.8	16827.6	29217.1	17254.4	33184.2	70743.5	22582.5	16257.3	24876.4	24585.9	38972.9	17806.2	23780.1	35963.4	14088.5	15585.5	18556.9	16633.7	11217.3	13031.4	27224.6	14899.3	19205.9	28579.5	13008.6	22052.4	18180.8	10589.1	33345.1	18791.5	18934.7	14859.1	13216.4	14769.6	24144.5	14636.1	17499.0	16451.9	28038.2	
294.0505206_MZ	5-Aminoimidazole ribonucleotide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR), is an intermediate of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. It is also the precursor to 4-amino-2-methyl-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine (HMP), the first product of pyrimidine biosynthesis. This reaction is mediated by the enzyme HMP-P kinase (ThiD). HMP is a precursor of thiamine phosphate (TMP), and subsequently to thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). TPP is an essential cofactor in all living systems that plays a central role in metabolism. (PMID: 15326535). 5-Aminoimidazole ribonucleotide is a substrate for a number of proteins including: Scaffold attachment factor B2, Multifunctional protein ADE2, Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25, Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C, Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1, Vinexin, Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3, Antileukoproteinase 1 and Scaffold attachment factor B.	C8H14N3O7P		None	None	None	13084.9	12616.0	11949.2	13724.0	12002.9	12120.0	11592.2	15578.9	9582.59	9799.98	14146.8	14371.6	14890.3	12436.2	10617.9	11635.9	12363.9	11784.1	14322.3	12427.7	12393.9	11356.2	11110.7	12802.3	12736.6	11066.9	13186.6	13709.7	13640.6	13979.3	10575.3	13767.1	9562.21	11904.9	11619.9	14648.3	13467.6	11219.4	11769.7	
295.2273297_MZ	Alpha-dimorphecolic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alpha-dimorphecolic acid or 9(S)-HODE is an endogenous fatty acid (PPAR)gamma agonist synthesized in the body from linoleic acid. Alpha-dimorphecolic acid activates peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma in human endothelial cells increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, with its plasma levels correlating with the risk for myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. The regulation of PAI-1 transcription by endothelial cells (ECs), a major source of PAI-1, remains incompletely understood. Adipocytes also produce PAI-1, suggesting possible common regulatory pathways between adipocytes and ECs. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to various mediators such as 15-deoxy-Delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and oxidized linoleic acid (9- and 13-HODE). Alpha-dimorphecolic acid is a ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor G2A. (PMID: 10073956, 16647253, 16236715).	C18H32O3, 13S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, 9,10-Epoxyoctadecenoic acid, 12,13-EpOME, 9-HODE		None	None	None	24374.3	27322.1	39059.5	22395.1	30566.1	72976.0	34310.9	32166.5	33104.8	33462.5	33644.6	20289.2	37230.5	42555.3	16728.4	30566.8	33330.8	35306.1	21467.2	19445.8	30388.1	28935.4	24719.3	30046.5	20513.1	25900.9	34141.5	17231.9	30686.7	26383.3	21902.2	32068.4	21728.1	21987.6	49755.6	20144.6	33351.2	23383.0	28935.4	
296.0819301_MZ	5'-Methylthioadenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5'-Methylthioadenosine (MTA) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing nucleoside present in all mammalian tissues. It is produced from S-adenosylmethionine mainly through the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, where it behaves as a powerful inhibitory product. MTA is metabolized solely by MTA-phosphorylase, to yield 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate and adenine, a crucial step in the methionine and purine salvage pathways, respectively. Evidence suggests that MTA can affect cellular processes in many ways. For instance, MTA has been shown to influence regulation of gene expression, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis (PMID 15313459). 5-Methylthioadenosine can be found in human urine. Elevated excretion appears in children with severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (PMID 3987052).	C11H15N5O3S		None	None	None	14541.7	13540.9	15977.1	11696.2	12192.5	17976.4	14722.9	14189.7	14791.2	9588.28	10897.6	14743.0	13424.5	12101.2	15590.9	12283.9	10893.8	13536.8	12431.1	12955.4	13499.7	13128.6	12012.8	13012.8	11910.3	13449.6	12184.6	13490.0	15309.2	14798.1	11607.1	12560.4	7912.29	10979.2	13247.1	14652.0	13065.1	11604.1	14095.8	
296.2626939_MZ	Palmitoleoyl Ethanolamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C18H35NO2		None	None	None	4945.32	5622.15	5919.9	4622.92	5875.5	6303.25	6689.24	6753.05	5530.62	4969.1	6363.9	5363.73	5491.0	5843.15	4271.43	8810.86	4889.35	6676.67	5459.93	5077.65	5383.38	7304.0	5341.94	5685.21	4272.07	5212.44	7137.35	4933.82	4960.15	5351.06	4945.33	5784.78	6418.14	5338.61	4178.63	4383.83	6467.13	4603.24	6519.78	
297.2428533_MZ	3-Oxooctadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxo-Octadecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, 3-Oxo-Octadecanoic acid is converted from Malonic acid via the enzyme, beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. (E.C: 2.3.1.179). In humans fatty acids are predominantly formed in the liver and adipose tissue, and mammary glands during lactation.	C18H34O3		None	None	None	99371.4	102718.0	169036.0	76769.1	99252.8	117151.0	100774.0	158101.0	99969.2	89464.9	96085.9	79966.8	94328.9	117155.0	62715.9	121066.0	84796.6	162838.0	85793.3	77908.3	88101.2	120503.0	81902.0	103111.0	74200.2	87928.5	110379.0	73028.6	100134.0	70446.7	76313.6	96242.6	92567.4	79100.0	85794.6	73548.8	105995.0	78082.7	97713.0	
297.2789497_MZ	Nonadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nonadecanoic acid is an odd-numbered long chain fatty acid, likely derived from bacterial or plant sources. Nonadecanoic acid has been found in ox fats and vegetable oils. It is also used by certain insects as a phermone.	C19H38O2, Pristanic acid, Tuberculostearic acid		None	None	None	33661.8	38227.9	36755.4	29753.1	34281.1	32885.6	36456.0	39458.9	33079.5	29505.2	32709.5	31952.5	30709.7	32049.5	23096.2	55988.1	28957.6	43227.0	31743.0	29971.7	31197.6	43267.5	28533.0	33558.3	28684.9	30853.4	40278.3	28811.8	32992.2	28851.5	30984.4	29783.4	33101.2	30444.7	24371.4	27562.1	37500.0	27501.7	39920.8	
299.2583926_MZ	(R)-3-Hydroxy-Octadecanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(R)-3-Hydroxy-Octadecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, (R)-3-Hydroxy-Octadecanoic acid is converted from 3-Oxo-Octadecanoic acid via 3-oxoacyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] reductase. (EC: 1.1.1.100).	C18H36O3		None	None	None	40076.9	40399.6	48828.0	28670.9	34603.5	37005.9	35589.8	47272.0	34946.0	34093.5	37841.3	29958.3	38677.9	37165.9	24006.1	42329.4	34285.6	47107.8	31268.2	28693.9	35156.3	43839.2	28501.9	38369.1	26677.0	33419.6	39663.6	26247.0	41735.3	26805.1	29332.2	35255.0	33613.1	27348.4	25951.0	27661.2	37406.7	28154.4	34537.9	
300.0397208_MZ	N-Acetylgalactosamine 4-sulphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Also known as GalNAc4S, this molecule is a key component of dermatan, keratan and chondroitin sulfate. It is also a substrate for the enzyme N-acteylgalactosamine-4-sulphate transferase. This molecule is found in elevated concentrations in the urine of patients suffering from muchopolysaccharidosis type III, IV and VI. Levels are typically 300-400 times normal values. GalNAc4S is thought to be derived from the action of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase on sulphated GlcNAc or GalNAc residues at the non-reducing end of keratan sulphate, dermatan sulphate or chondroitin sulphate.	C8H15NO9S, N-Acetylglucosamine 6-sulfate, N-Acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate		None	None	None	90748.1	75599.3	111168.0	86401.6	92329.0	87315.4	77692.4	90946.8	82680.9	71128.0	67003.1	81586.7	82814.7	93884.2	47503.5	57105.5	105453.0	92787.9	128150.0	76040.1	104959.0	69529.1	78845.0	94417.3	108401.0	89991.1	82167.7	95211.0	50503.6	71648.1	65669.0	96327.8	50455.1	90793.4	119095.0	87091.2	79054.3	88794.8	63892.9	
301.0945731_MZ	1-Methylinosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Modified nucleotide found at position 37 in tRNA 3' to the anticodon of eukaryotic tRNA. Shown that sequences are forced to adopt a hairpin conformation if one of the central 6 nt is replaced by the corresponding methylated nucleotide, such as 1-methylguanosine. In Vivo synthesis: Inosine-37 in tRNA is synthesised by a hydrolytic deamination-type reaction, catalysed by distinct tRNA:adenosine deaminases.	C11H14N4O5		None	None	None	7565.85	6795.58	13810.8	7258.58	7463.06	9255.65	9067.9	10616.7	6608.83	6786.2	7862.05	5478.28	6631.7	13395.3	8069.31	8768.37	7682.56	15233.8	6324.43	5705.51	6698.11	7065.34	6664.35	11066.0	5994.9	7880.91	9291.18	5689.22	8221.67	7126.06	6494.04	8497.61	6764.4	5067.1	5961.26	6624.05	8031.18	5824.55	5734.85	
301.1866549_MZ	2-Methoxyestradiol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2) is a drug that prevents the formation of new blood vessels that tumors need in order to grow (angiogenesis). It is derived from estrogen, although it binds poorly to known estrogen receptors, and belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It has undergone Phase 1 clinical trials against breast cancers. Preclinical models also suggest that 2ME2 could also be effective against inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The CAS name for 2ME2 is (17 beta)-2-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol. It also acts as a vasodilator.	C19H26O3, 2-Hydroxyestradiol-3-methyl ether, 19-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, 7a-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, 11b-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, 16a-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, 4-methoxy-17beta-estradiol		None	None	None	3863.98	3854.03	4503.4	3912.66	3187.72	4943.35	3648.81	4780.77	3839.42	4132.0	3924.34	2930.25	3753.17	4360.21	3054.97	2517.16	3084.28	3791.38	3361.19	2563.29	4278.35	4360.9	3432.7	4049.24	2542.24	3657.01	2880.85	2465.89	5910.34	2899.94	2952.18	2778.33	2545.08	2409.46	3706.1	3575.03	3819.32	3437.49	3001.03	
301.2167328_MZ	Retinyl ester	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Retinyl ester is a substrate for Lecithin retinol acyltransferase and Retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein.	C20H30O2, Eicosapentaenoic acid		None	None	None	14602.2	12550.7	17869.6	13833.1	18530.6	24687.9	19596.2	13642.0	26481.0	14881.1	13234.8	13358.4	13751.0	20423.7	8922.2	32454.7	23257.2	22838.1	14632.7	10710.4	13648.2	15602.7	19017.1	15962.6	13230.0	17863.8	27070.7	8849.61	13965.6	19225.9	14841.0	17276.2	16796.8	11741.4	17101.8	10405.6	17675.6	14354.4	16523.5	
303.0838623_MZ	N-Acetylaspartylglutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is a neuropeptide found in millimolar concentrations in brain that is localized to subpopulations of glutamatergic, cholinergic, GABAergic, and noradrenergic neuronal systems. NAAG is released upon depolarization by a Ca(2+)-dependent process and is an agonist at mGluR3 receptors and an antagonist at NMDA receptors. NAAG is catabolized to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate primarily by glutamate carboxypeptidase II, which is expressed on the extracellular surface of astrocytes. The levels of NAAG and the activity of carboxypeptidase II are altered in a regionally specific fashion in several neuropsychiatric disorders. (PMID 9361299). N-Acetylaspartylglutamic acid (NAAG) is a purported precursor of N-Acetylaspartic acid (NAA) and is present at about one-tenth of the concentration of NAA in the brain. NAAG has been reported to activate N-methyl- D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in neurons. Previous immunohistochemical studies in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) have suggested that NAAG is exclusively localized to neurons. Recent evidence, however, indicates that NAAG might also be localized to nonneuronal cells within the CNS. Only traces of NAA and NAAG are detectable in other tissues. Some compounds can change levels of NAA and NAAG in the brain. For example, methylphenidante increases the levels of NAA and NAAG in the cerebral cortex; amphetamine also increases NAA concentration in a mature brain by 26%, raising the possibility that other neurochemical systems might be involved in the clinical effects of stimulants. (PMID: 10603234).	C11H16N2O8		None	None	None	6806.57	7800.62	8464.53	9632.18	6849.12	10096.6	7555.22	7271.16	7605.41	10366.8	8838.3	7329.99	8250.98	13553.5	12554.4	7146.06	8155.53	7254.29	6684.56	5219.65	8049.61	6775.91	13286.3	8609.26	6675.17	9804.74	7889.19	7412.77	10176.0	6535.29	14767.1	7375.85	8349.13	5065.96	6678.05	11745.2	8605.37	6486.76	4550.75	
303.2325397_MZ	Arachidonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid. Arachidonic acid mediates inflammation and the functioning of several organs and systems either directly or upon its conversion into eicosanoids. Arachidonic acid in cell membrane phospholipids is the substrate for the synthesis of a range of biologically active compounds (eicosanoids) including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. These compounds can act as mediators in their own right and can also act as regulators of other processes, such as platelet aggregation, blood clotting, smooth muscle contraction, leukocyte chemotaxis, inflammatory cytokine production, and immune function. Arachidonic acid can be metabolized by cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes to 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), their corresponding dihydroxyeicosa-trienoic acids (DHETs), and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). The production of kidney CYP450 arachidonic acid metabolites is altered in diabetes, pregnancy, hepatorenal syndrome, and in various models of hypertension, and it is likely that changes in this system contribute to the abnormalities in renal function that are associated with many of these conditions. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid (PMID: 12736897, 12736897, 12700820, 12570747, 12432908).	C20H32O2, Cis-8,11,14,17-Eicosatetraenoic acid, Mesterolone		None	None	None	316969.0	207093.0	508315.0	222163.0	448949.0	543175.0	481621.0	504357.0	394325.0	233395.0	290785.0	321318.0	376797.0	426844.0	153417.0	741514.0	310289.0	680891.0	193224.0	257088.0	339177.0	347425.0	352434.0	383482.0	236825.0	250328.0	485588.0	201707.0	262091.0	494907.0	356313.0	376234.0	291820.0	258075.0	196451.0	150635.0	335483.0	185418.0	483940.0	
305.0448170_MZ	Luteolin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Luteolin is a naturally occurring flavonoid. (PMID: 17168665). The flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found as integral components of the human diet. They are universally present as constituents of flowering plants, particularly of food plants. The flavonoids are phenyl substituted chromones (benzopyran derivatives) consisting of a 15-carbon basic skeleton (C6-C3-C6), composed of a chroman (C6-C3) nucleus (the benzo ring A and the heterocyclic ring C), also shared by the tocopherols, with a phenyl (the aromatic ring B) substitution usually at the 2-position. Different substitutions can typically occur in the rings, A and B. Several plants and spices containing flavonoid derivatives have found application as disease preventive and therapeutic agents in traditional medicine in Asia for thousands of years. The selection of a particular food plant, plant tissue or herb for its potential health benefits appears to mirror its flavonoid composition. The much lower risk of colon, prostate and breast cancers in Asians, who consume more vegetables, fruits and tea than populations in the Western hemisphere do, raises the question of whether flavonoid components mediate the protective effects of diets rich in these foodstuffs by acting as natural chemopreventive and anticancer agents. An impressive body of information exists on the antitumoral action of plant flavonoids. In vitro work has concentrated on the direct and indirect actions of flavonoids on tumor cells, and has found a variety of anticancer effects such as cell growth and kinase activity inhibition, apoptosis induction, suppression of the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases and of tumor invasive behavior. Furthermore, some studies have reported the impairment of in vivo angiogenesis by dietary flavonoids. Experimental animal studies indicate that certain dietary flavonoids possess antitumoral activity. The hydroxylation pattern of the B ring of the flavones and flavonols, such as luteolin seems to critically influence their activities, especially the inhibition of protein kinase activity and antiproliferation. The different mechanisms underlying the potential anticancer action of plant flavonoids await further elucidation. Certain dietary flavonols and flavones targeting cell surface signal transduction enzymes, such as protein tyrosine and focal adhesion kinases, and the processes of angiogenesis appear to be promising candidates as anticancer agents. Further in vivo studies of these bioactive constituents is deemed necessary in order to develop flavonoid-based anticancer strategies. In view of the increasing interest in the association between dietary flavonoids and cancer initiation and progression, this important field is likely to witness expanded effort and to attract and stimulate further vigorous investigations. (PMID: 16097445).	C15H10O6, Kaempferol		None	None	None	178072.0	172427.0	85346.9	52824.1	73441.0	214579.0	98428.7	105485.0	62905.1	186147.0	244933.0	41040.0	96858.2	61062.6	62244.4	109265.0	51252.7	65229.5	198390.0	24705.7	103551.0	91067.4	69562.1	108405.0	46075.3	121776.0	91901.5	54079.1	243448.0	104262.0	60961.5	71279.8	47735.5	23322.1	51666.7	42607.6	180775.0	65337.3	31432.3	
305.2126137_MZ	5-Androstene-3b,16b,17a-triol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Androstene-3b,16b,17a-triol is an steroid found in the urine of human pregnancy (PMID 4452739), in the urine of newborns and infants (PMID 5126818), and in the mono- and disulfate fractions of human bile. (PMID 5410667).	C19H30O3, 5-Androstene-3b,16a,17a-triol, 5-Androstenetriol, 11-Hydroxyandrosterone, 16-alpha-Hydroxyandrosterone, 5-Androstene-3alpha-16b,17b-triol		None	None	None	22837.7	21700.0	27633.3	17775.2	20985.1	28492.0	38450.8	29657.5	18661.7	19225.1	20964.0	5454.58	14695.4	21566.2	16620.8	31815.6	24478.8	26524.7	16402.0	6345.95	16923.0	22711.7	15777.0	26228.2	5877.96	22298.1	34160.0	5320.12	18821.8	33988.9	17542.0	20582.0	16797.1	6111.79	12054.3	10284.9	17983.8	14062.9	7071.35	
305.2479220_MZ	8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid is a 20-carbon-chain omega-6 fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid) only at position 5. 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid is also known as Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). In physiological literature, it is given the name 20:3(n-6). DGLA is the elongation product of the 18 carbon gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). DGLA can be converted into prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). PGE1 inhibits platelet aggregation and also exerts a vasodilatory effect. DGLA competes with arachadonic acid for COX and lipoxygenase, inhibiting the production of arachadonic acid's eicosanoids.	C20H34O2, 5,8,11-Eicosatrienoic acid		None	None	None	56884.0	24986.9	37064.5	20961.9	65690.4	20989.0	74712.5	60137.4	43011.7	38165.1	32862.1	29735.3	69737.4	69296.2	20716.5	115174.0	34281.5	105820.0	30838.3	32695.6	30188.1	55055.8	50144.2	38024.4	31736.4	40261.3	85271.5	32808.3	26379.2	65470.2	33237.5	90380.9	42109.8	56470.4	23001.1	22769.6	69595.4	34112.1	48603.6	
306.0767338_MZ	Glutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glutathione is a compound synthesized from cysteine, perhaps the most important member of the body's toxic waste disposal team. Like cysteine, glutathione contains the crucial thiol (-SH) group that makes it an effective antioxidant. There are virtually no living organisms on this planet-animal or plant whose cells don't contain some glutathione. Scientists have speculated that glutathione was essential to the very development of life on earth. glutathione has many roles; in none does it act alone. It is a coenzyme in various enzymatic reactions. The most important of these are redox reactions, in which the thiol grouping on the cysteine portion of cell membranes protects against peroxidation; and conjugation reactions, in which glutathione (especially in the liver) binds with toxic chemicals in order to detoxify them. glutathione is also important in red and white blood cell formation and throughout the immune system. glutathione's clinical uses include the prevention of oxygen toxicity in hyperbaric oxygen therapy, treatment of lead and other heavy metal poisoning, lowering of the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiation in cancer treatments, and reversal of cataracts. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. It is also important as a hydrophilic molecule that is added to lipophilic toxins and waste in the liver during biotransformation before they can become part of the bile. glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism. This detoxification reaction is carried out by the glyoxalase system. Glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5) catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione to S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione. Glyoxalase II (EC 3.1.2.6) catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione to glutathione and D-lactate. GSH is known as a substrate in both conjugation reactions and reduction reactions, catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase enzymes in cytosol, microsomes, and mitochondria. However, it is also capable of participating in non-enzymatic conjugation with some chemicals, as in the case of n-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), the reactive cytochrome P450-reactive metabolite formed by acetaminophen, that becomes toxic when GSH is depleted by an overdose (of acetaminophen). glutathione in this capacity binds to NAPQI as a suicide substrate and in the process detoxifies it, taking the place of cellular protein thiol groups which would otherwise be covalently modified; when all GSH has been spent, NAPQI begins to react with the cellular proteins, killing the cells in the process. The preferred treatment for an overdose of this painkiller is the administration (usually in atomized form) of N-acetylcysteine, which is used by cells to replace spent GSSG and renew the usable GSH pool. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glutathione).	C10H17N3O6S		None	None	None	14794700.0	8682860.0	6337190.0	3656600.0	7582010.0	10520100.0	10525400.0	11333800.0	3794000.0	2104800.0	4448990.0	1081140.0	3911860.0	2437870.0	15290700.0	11833300.0	6329800.0	8015340.0	14617600.0	606011.0	5561160.0	7749560.0	5342890.0	4694520.0	3979710.0	10331500.0	12758600.0	3621110.0	5861060.0	12311000.0	7233010.0	11400500.0	3546430.0	1729420.0	3438340.0	2444720.0	8619580.0	5980270.0	1178350.0	
307.0008112_MZ	(S)-5-Diphosphomevalonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-pyrophosphomevalonate is a metabolic intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, catalyzed by the enzyme phosphomevalonate kinase from 5-phosphomevalonate. (wikipedia).	C6H14O10P2, (R)-Mevalonic acid-5-pyrophosphate		None	None	None	6055.58	5066.07	5604.03	5512.75	5813.98	6110.62	5436.1	7145.11	5205.81	5599.05	7047.39	8743.65	5622.36	5923.77	5448.6	7102.7	6811.0	5460.34	6578.43	5948.5	5701.45	6487.65	4930.42	6057.41	6759.42	5805.94	6480.13	6907.4	6129.85	5972.89	4963.64	6823.79	5637.26	7016.45	6000.02	7472.77	7162.94	5468.14	5972.48	
307.2639191_MZ	Eicosadienoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Eicosadienoic acid is an omega 6 fatty acid found in human milk (PMID: 15256803). Omega-6 fatty acids) are a family of unsaturated fatty acids which have in common a carbon-carbon double bond in the n&#8722;6 position; that is, the sixth bond from the end of the fatty acid. The biological effects of the omega&#8722;6 fatty acids are largely mediated by their conversion to n-6 eicosanoids that bind to diverse receptors found in every tissue of the body.	C20H36O2		None	None	None	20280.0	12847.5	17365.4	8555.29	26619.3	9118.71	28603.9	31906.7	19166.0	20282.2	13643.7	15736.3	47375.4	32974.4	7476.03	43129.3	16673.8	48044.6	14388.2	13828.7	12795.2	24170.6	20518.4	16347.3	15562.7	17122.9	39277.6	11543.4	11899.9	23062.2	11480.8	44120.1	18308.5	35291.8	13346.5	10278.6	30226.2	18465.4	19107.6	
309.0777575_MZ	Catechin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Catechin is an antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms. -- Pubchem.	C15H14O6, Epicatechin		None	None	None	80859.2	47670.9	39040.1	26824.3	41585.2	61888.4	56214.3	61159.7	26480.4	19195.3	29318.1	13762.7	25410.5	20119.5	91710.9	64082.1	35363.4	46301.6	84515.0	8686.78	36094.5	44006.6	33080.3	29017.0	24797.0	57499.1	68092.6	25489.6	42179.5	69539.7	42441.5	59448.4	22475.2	14141.2	23885.8	21581.7	51460.0	34584.5	12889.5	
309.1179448_MZ	Pentaporphyrin I	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pentaporphyrin I is a porphyrin intermediate detected in liver, kidney and erythrocytes (PubMed ID 8803328 ).	C20H14N4		None	None	None	7833.16	7028.5	7444.7	6318.05	6285.47	9186.65	7790.76	7464.34	6817.11	5643.21	6687.32	5291.38	6391.27	6461.42	10947.5	5540.44	5196.42	5698.57	7439.38	3565.78	8793.12	6039.84	5923.21	6350.02	4306.18	6847.99	6529.39	5156.42	8692.16	6689.47	6104.23	5371.96	5055.04	3882.7	5034.88	7039.68	8071.79	6020.4	4396.58	
309.2223859_MZ	Androsterone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Androsterone is an inactive breakdown metabolite of testosterone, the product of a reaction mediated by the enzyme oxidative 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.51, 17beta-HSD). Androsterone is also can be metabolized from other adrenal androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone, dihydrotestosterone or androstenedione, and is considered an inactive end product; however, it can be a physiological effector in its own right. Androsterone might be converted back to dihydrotestosterone. Humans (and other primates) are unique among mammals in having high levels of circulating androsterone glucuronide, a process that is the major role uridine-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17, UGT) enzymes for glucuronidation of steroid metabolism in humans. Conjugation of androsterone is a pathway found in all vertebrates and is widely recognized that the liver is a major site of glucuronidation; however it is now clear that extrahepatic tissues are also involved in the conjugation of compounds to which these tissues are exposed. High levels of androsterone glucuronide found in the human prostate, breast cyst fluid and ovary follicular fluid suggest that glucuronidation of 5alpha-reduced C19 steroids occurs in these tissues as well. In doping control, the ratio of androsterone/etiocholanone provides valuable information that allows the assignment of a urine specimen to a particular person or the identification of urine samples with identical steroid profiles; this is particularly important to detect attempts of urine manipulation including urine alteration and substitution. (PMID: 9188497, 17017935, 14643063, 12943709, 9699884, 17260133).	C19H30O2, Epiandrosterone, Etiocholanolone, Epietiocholanolone, Dihydrotestosterone, Androst-5-ene-3b,17b-diol, 4-Androstenediol, 5b-Dihydrotestosterone		None	None	None	58720.3	14389.0	15146.5	12200.3	38536.4	17600.0	48702.0	88283.0	21177.9	15090.8	26753.1	16343.9	21449.0	14081.3	11666.2	192642.0	12600.2	48624.6	17077.1	10369.9	14749.1	57515.9	17346.6	31077.8	15522.0	13264.9	76315.6	18453.2	17628.8	27171.4	19711.9	69399.2	25639.5	30207.6	14834.6	11647.8	36350.6	20705.1	22559.7	
309.2793365_MZ	Eicosenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Eicosenoic acid is an monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid found in a variety of plant oils. It is also found in the red cell membrane with increased concentrations in children with regressive autism (16581239).	C20H38O2		None	None	None	42715.1	19541.3	26204.7	15111.1	62811.1	89481.3	55380.6	59278.1	32103.1	31914.3	28497.0	26549.5	110038.0	64919.9	13683.4	92064.3	25386.4	80868.9	27964.7	29043.5	24369.9	55808.1	51084.6	28911.8	34892.8	34416.3	74100.9	26980.5	20110.8	33430.5	19542.2	95186.7	37048.1	74052.9	29138.0	23013.5	66158.5	42921.5	30853.4	
310.0307626_MZ	Parathion	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Parathion is a highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an acaricide and as an insecticide.	C10H14NO5PS		None	None	None	23299.7	16681.2	43801.8	41087.9	31154.8	18447.3	40305.7	28581.1	46798.2	17921.3	28977.5	47515.1	14516.7	35188.4	16372.8	20656.7	26890.4	39013.7	26541.4	49285.4	19262.0	20622.6	21523.7	35429.3	54869.6	23803.8	29973.5	30470.1	17393.2	32775.1	15874.9	43776.0	24089.7	27191.5	36198.5	32899.6	26103.7	34979.6	41749.4	
310.0745752_MZ	Hawkinsin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hawkinsin is a sulfur amino acid identified as (2-l-cystein-S-yl, 4-dihydroxycyclohex-5-en-1-yl)acetic acid. Patients with hawkinsinuria excrete this metabolite in their urine throughout their life, although symptoms of metabolic acidosis and tyrosinemia improve in the first year of life. Alterations in the structure and activity of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase are causally related to two different metabolic disorders, tyrosinemia type III and hawkinsinuria. (PMID 11073718).	C11H17NO6S		None	None	None	18304.8	12622.1	10744.5	9102.63	10910.8	15604.9	13461.7	14551.8	8113.33	6380.24	8899.23	6637.37	7269.33	7318.05	18956.0	15643.5	9671.4	11934.7	17390.0	5003.8	9380.33	11112.7	8626.42	8926.44	8647.26	13978.8	15460.9	8505.12	11383.9	17031.3	11040.7	13592.3	6306.3	6227.8	8055.14	7988.78	13565.7	9278.27	5743.98	
311.0120824_MZ	Gamma-Glutamyl-Se-methylselenocysteine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	gamma-Glutamyl-Se-methylselenocysteine is an intermediate in selenoamino acid metabolism(KEGG ID C05695). It is generated from Se-methyl-selenocysteine via the enzyme gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase [EC:2.3.2.2].	C9H16N2O5Se		None	None	None	7517.67	8138.92	8014.25	6073.01	8725.39	6864.1	8374.8	9317.58	7136.4	6541.79	8658.84	10269.1	10732.3	8574.01	6049.9	6590.82	8130.65	7158.68	8125.8	9004.45	8056.35	8709.82	7592.88	8746.23	8744.6	7485.89	7394.16	9441.7	7490.55	9219.27	5516.58	8115.94	6666.0	8316.43	7559.58	10894.9	8045.28	7048.96	9279.02	
311.2221503_MZ	13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid (13(S)-HPODE) is one of the primary products of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) from the 15-1ipoxygenase pathway (EC: 1.13.11.31). 13(S)-HPODE is a rather unstable metabolite and is rapidly metabolized to more stable secondary products such as diverse forms of hydroxy fatty acids (via reduction of the hydroperoxy group), alkoxy radicals (via homolytic cleavage of the peroxy group), forms of dihydro(pero)xy fatty acids (via lipoxygenase-catalysed double and triple oxygenation), or epoxy leukotrienes (via a hydrogen abstraction from a doubly allylic methylene group and a homolytic cleavage of the hydroperoxy group). (PMID 9082450).	C18H32O4, 8(R)-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid, 9(S)-HPODE, 12,13-DiHODE, 15,16-DiHODE, 9,10-DiHODE		None	None	None	22387.4	20681.7	43465.5	16471.2	22378.2	41906.5	25130.5	33664.4	22520.5	21139.1	24731.5	11263.5	23604.7	33848.6	14762.3	21925.6	21661.3	35174.8	17742.0	12276.4	19470.5	23378.1	17918.9	27617.8	12552.0	21138.2	22860.3	10893.5	24924.9	16408.1	15349.4	22257.5	17715.2	11409.0	25948.2	13669.0	25095.7	15231.7	14589.5	
313.0451047_MZ	5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide (also known as FGAR or N-Formyl-GAR) is a substrate for Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase. It is involved in aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis and plays a vital role in purine metabolism as well as the conversion of glutamine to glutamate. 5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide is described as a glycinamide ribonucleotide having a phosphate group at the 5-position and a formyl group on the glycine nitrogen.	C8H15N2O9P		None	None	None	5066.26	4469.46	4848.61	5036.52	4642.16	7896.84	4717.85	4694.4	4109.94	5258.19	5297.3	5616.14	5164.82	5680.36	8245.29	4960.83	4861.42	4827.05	5377.2	4874.61	4839.01	4493.85	4570.33	5261.86	5284.72	4684.01	5142.37	5532.88	6141.36	5106.58	6549.03	4132.62	3447.84	4459.56	4326.15	7128.57	5553.74	3649.33	4576.81	
313.2378371_MZ	12_13-DHOME	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	12,13-DHOME is the epoxide hydrolase metabolite of the leukotoxin12,13-EpOME. 12,13-EpOMEs act as a protoxin, with the corresponding epoxide hydrolase 12,13-DiHOME specifically exerting toxicity. Both the EpOME and the DiHOME are shown to have neutrophil chemotactic activity. 12,13-DiHOME suppress the neutrophil respiratory burst by a mechanism distinct from that of respiratory burst inhibitors such as cyclosporin H or lipoxin A4,which inhibit multiple aspects of neutrophil activation. 12,13-DHOME is a derivative of linoleic acid diol that have been reported to be toxic in human's tissue preparations. 12,13-DHOME is a naturally occurring proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma2 ligand, which stimulates adipocytes and inhibits osteoblast differentiation. (PMID: 17435320, 12021203, 12127265).	C18H34O4, 9_10-DHOME		None	None	None	19710.4	19794.1	39089.2	15970.1	21520.7	24360.5	19404.7	32611.2	19023.9	17632.8	20576.7	12052.1	18330.8	27403.5	15272.2	18397.2	18521.6	30339.4	14753.6	11057.5	18921.1	20301.0	16469.8	24441.0	12037.4	18834.2	20181.9	10153.4	22861.7	13040.1	13718.5	18849.5	15497.0	10910.5	22089.4	12334.8	19521.8	13298.8	13207.1	
315.2533388_MZ	Monoacylglyceride(0:0/15:0/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/15:0/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C18H36O4, Monoacylglyceride(15:0/0:0/0:0)		None	None	None	17493.9	15881.3	8745.67	12621.3	7465.83	11732.5	6454.36	9353.77	17658.6	9856.78	9250.07	4318.45	9261.52	7880.46	5950.36	6679.22	10091.3	8072.73	12996.9	5463.73	8866.91	18911.5	11450.2	16290.4	4781.86	7957.16	6999.65	4209.03	16886.8	5143.33	6627.35	7728.3	6228.8	5255.08	13683.8	5664.7	16740.1	11107.8	4680.25	
317.0580974_MZ	Melanin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dermal melanin is produced by melanocytes, which are found in the stratum basale of the epidermis. Although human beings generally possess a similar concentration of melanocytes in their skin, the melanocytes in some individuals and races more frequently or less frequently express the melanin-producing genes, thereby conferring a greater or lesser concentration of skin melanin. Some individual animals and humans have no or very little melanin in their bodies, which is a condition known as albinism. Higher eumelanin levels also can be a disadvantage, however, beyond a higher disposition toward vitamin D deficiency. Dark skin is a complicating factor in the laser removal of port-wine stains. Effective in treating fair skin, lasers generally are less successful in removing port-wine stains in Asians and people of African descent. Higher concentrations of melanin in darker-skinned individuals simply diffuse and absorb the laser radiation, inhibiting light absorption by the targeted tissue. Melanin similarly can complicate laser treatment of other dermatological conditions in people with darker skin. Under the microscope melanin is brown, non-refractile and finely granular with individual granules having a diameter of less than 800 nanometers. This differentiates melanin from common blood breakdown pigments which are larger, chunky and refractile and range in color from green to yellow or red-brown. In heavily pigmented lesions, dense aggregates of melanin can obscure histologic detail. A dilute solution of potassium permanganate is an effective melanin bleach. Pigments causing darkness in skin, hair, feathers, etc. They are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom. Because melanin is an aggregate of smaller component molecules, there are a number of different types of melanin with differing proportions and bonding patterns of these component molecules. Both pheomelanin and eumelanin are found in human skin and hair, but eumelanin is the most abundant melanin in humans, as well as the form most likely to be deficient in albinism. Freckles and moles are formed where there is a localized concentration of melanin in the skin. They are highly associated with pale skin. Melanin is a biopolymer and a neuropeptide. In the early 1970s, John McGinness, Peter Corry, and Peter Proctor reported that melanin is a high-conductivity organic semiconductor (Science, vol 183, 853-855 (1974)). Studies revealed that melanin acted as a voltage-controlled solid-state threshold switch. Further, it emitting a flash of light electroluminescence when it switched.	C18H10N2O4		None	None	None	51626.7	73624.7	48154.6	52953.8	37047.4	65081.7	46386.9	58303.2	35674.9	45704.4	43235.4	63332.8	77684.3	47134.3	61842.4	39734.9	42158.8	35722.1	49413.3	64452.3	38174.2	65118.1	37967.1	37785.5	57558.4	45858.0	41526.6	85201.0	69017.9	79014.1	50374.5	46444.4	50714.6	64229.3	50618.9	84328.5	65716.7	40139.4	51502.3	
317.1750355_MZ	Ubiquinone Q2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ubiquinone-2 is a member of the chemical class known as Polyprenylbenzoquinones. These are compounds containing a polyisoprene chain attached to a quinone at the second ring position. Ubiquione-2 has just 2 isoprene units. Normally in humans it has 10. Ubiquinone-2 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ubiquionone 10. Ubiquionone is involved in cellular respiration. It is fat-soluble and is therefore mobile in cellular membranes; it plays a unique role in the electron transport chain (ETC). In the inner bacterial membrane, electrons from NADH and succinate pass through the ETC to the oxygen, which is then reduced to water. The transfer of electrons through ETC results in the pumping of H+ across the membrane creating a proton gradient across the membrane, which is used by ATP synthase (located on the membrane) to generate ATP.	C19H26O4		None	None	None	4739.69	4443.67	6777.32	5289.64	4809.42	5706.75	4390.96	5707.97	4631.58	4316.51	6198.85	3683.64	3941.45	6229.44	4265.5	3351.69	4044.35	5606.35	3480.66	2910.82	4692.2	3680.97	4684.39	6099.94	3374.41	7086.0	3721.27	3160.78	6464.64	3889.1	4383.32	4030.64	3422.47	2925.94	3740.99	3913.7	4186.79	3379.29	4006.08	
317.2114055_MZ	5-HEPE	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-HEPE is a major eicosanoid formed from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). 5-HEPE is produced in human neutrophils. The eicosanoids are a diverse family of molecules that have powerful effects on cell function. They are best known as intercellular messengers, having autocrine and paracrine effects following their secretion from the cells that synthesize them. The diversity of possible products that can be synthesized from eicosatrienoic acid is due, in part to the variety of enzymes that can act on it. Studies have placed many, but not all, of these enzymes at or inside the nucleus. In some cases, the nuclear import or export of eicosatrienoic acid-processing enzymes is highly regulated. Furthermore, nuclear receptors that are activated by specific eicosanoids are known to exist. (PMID: 8847485, 15896193).	C20H30O3, Leukotriene A4, 12-HEPE, 14,15-EpETE, 15-HEPE, 15-KETE, 17,18-EpETE, 5-KETE, 12-KETE		None	None	None	6652.98	8612.93	15722.5	11465.0	21232.6	26656.3	9397.51	7126.02	13723.4	12341.0	23015.3	10942.4	11872.7	18121.7	8414.17	6935.95	9001.96	7194.24	5747.1	8988.91	16350.7	6216.03	12154.0	12488.2	8269.29	10950.2	7295.42	6699.25	17546.3	8454.17	12857.9	7450.09	6491.41	9426.82	5982.62	8187.58	8748.31	8815.95	20453.3	
317.2473804_MZ	Allopregnanolone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Allopregnanolone is a neuroactive metabolite of progesterone and a barbiturate-like modulator of central gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors that modify a range of behaviors, including the stress response. is a steroid created in the body when progesterone, the female sex hormone, is metabolized. Typically, THP (allopregnanolone) is released in the brain in response to stress, and quiets the neural system within 30 minutes of escalation. This steroid hormone has recently been found to be responsible for the extreme mood swings found in teenagers. In adults and pre-pubescent chlidren THP normally helps soothe the activity of brain cells by binding to GABA receptors that inhibit accelerating electrical activity. However, in pubescent teenagers THP actually becomes a GABA receptor antagonist. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain with most sedatives (tranquilizers, anesthetics and alcohol) acting on the GABA receptor.	C21H34O2, Alloepipregnanolone, 3a-Hydroxy-5b-pregnane-20-one, Epimetendiol, Epipregnanolone		None	None	None	2896.12	3124.73	2890.56	2517.23	3207.55	2607.29	3056.3	3080.57	3123.18	3042.72	3150.26	2939.76	2884.54	3895.02	2174.02	4243.68	2516.39	3674.24	2526.67	2187.61	2654.87	3904.1	2740.5	2961.72	2320.44	2882.72	3792.86	2355.92	2761.0	2707.32	2856.47	3126.58	2465.15	2772.0	2505.97	2262.33	2905.11	2337.21	3288.33	
319.2274040_MZ	5,6-Epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5,6-Epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid is an Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), a metabolite of arachidonic acid. The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous lipid mediators produced by P450 epoxygenases and metabolized through multiple pathways including soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). The cytochrome P-450 (P450) monooxygenase pathway includes enzymes of the CYP1A, CYP2B, CYP2C, CYP2E, and CYP2J subfamilies that catalyze the formation of four regioisomeric products, 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid. EETs are produced in brain and perform important biological functions, including protection from ischemic injury. Both light flashes and direct glial stimulation produce vasodilatation mediated by EETs. EETs may be involved in the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in DOCA-salt rats, but not in excessive collagen deposition or electrophysiological abnormalities. EETs have vasodilator and natriuretic effect. Blockade of EET formation is associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. (PMID: 17494091, 17468203, 17434916, 17406062, 17361113).	C20H32O3, 8,9-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, 14R,15S-EpETrE, Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 15(S)-HETE, 14,15-Epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 11,12-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, 8-HETE, 16(R)-HETE, 11(R)-HETE, 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 12-HETE, 18-Hydroxyarachidonic acid, 9-HETE, 11,12-EpETrE, 5-HETE, 19(S)-HETE		None	None	None	10736.7	9682.58	14988.5	9973.7	14966.1	19934.6	14314.2	13479.9	14283.0	12782.7	13699.6	9063.28	13528.5	15053.6	7955.7	15043.3	10700.4	13162.0	7819.56	8483.53	12968.1	10362.2	11148.3	12817.6	8006.73	10825.6	13829.0	6761.97	12236.8	12528.4	12201.5	12248.0	8913.89	10498.8	7161.42	9418.95	11440.4	8518.06	12789.4	
320.2591420_MZ	Alpha-Linolenoyl ethanolamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C20H35NO2		None	None	None	1427.54	1663.27	1406.83	1401.55	1563.22	1232.04	1352.0	1310.69	1376.22	1266.38	1383.34	1323.53	1366.26	1487.34	981.052	2113.59	1085.62	1785.71	1247.69	1218.09	1480.52	2117.39	1181.89	1555.58	967.627	1333.71	1680.52	1275.49	1443.66	1347.57	1399.63	1261.18	1418.66	1283.74	1016.26	1181.19	1594.18	1147.74	1785.43	
321.0040401_MZ	Ellagic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ellagic acid is a Polyphenol compound found in numerous fruits and vegetables, including, raspberries; strawberries; cranberries; walnuts; pecans; pomegranates; and other plant foods. It is often regarded as an antioxidant. Ellagic Acid Clinical Tests on cultured human cells also show that Ellagic acid prevents the destruction of the p53 gene by cancer cells. Additional studies suggest that one of the mechanisms by which Ellagic acid inhibits mutagenesis and carcinogenesis is by forming adducts with DNA, thus masking binding sites to be occupied by the mutagen or carcinogen.	C14H6O8		None	None	None	21881.5	22837.9	22366.3	24701.9	23639.3	22489.3	24030.0	22003.4	21311.7	25175.7	23842.7	21280.1	23353.9	24633.8	25008.8	25728.7	22203.4	23062.0	20504.1	21810.9	22831.8	22053.8	23449.8	22767.4	22312.5	22078.8	23005.1	22395.3	22656.1	20989.0	27621.9	21006.5	22166.9	22590.0	20452.5	21725.0	22629.2	21051.5	24008.3	
321.0165792_MZ	Cyanidin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cyanidin, or flavan-3-ol, is a natural organic compound which is classified as a flavonoid and an anthocyanin. It is a pigment found in many redberries including but not limited to bilberry, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, cranberry, elderberry, hawthorn, loganberry and raspberry. It can also be found in other fruits such as apples and plums. The highest concentrations of cyanidin are found in the skin of the fruit. Recently, the biosynthesis of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside in Escherichia coli was demonstrated. -- Wikipedia.	C15H11ClO6		None	None	None	11387.7	12216.4	12227.0	13292.5	11055.2	13032.2	11900.2	11092.6	12600.5	13598.1	11974.6	14285.2	11728.4	12973.7	12912.7	14466.4	12695.6	12789.0	11131.1	12913.0	11828.2	11785.7	11966.1	12480.0	13469.8	12329.1	11978.5	13430.0	12284.6	11479.7	13875.5	11812.6	11576.0	13294.7	11739.1	13112.3	13240.2	11805.2	13282.7	
322.0450008_MZ	Cytidine monophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cytidine monophosphate, also known as 5'-cytidylic acid and abbreviated CMP, is a nucleotide. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside cytidine. CMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase cytosine. Cytidine monophosphate (CMP) is derived from cytidine triphosphate (CTP) with subsequent loss of two phosphates. The synthesis of the pyrimidines CTP and UTP occurs in the cytoplasm and starts with the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from glutamine and CO2. Next, aspartate undergoes a condensation reaction with carbamoyl-phosphate to form orotic acid. In a subsequent cyclization reaction, the enzyme Aspartate carbamoyltransferase forms N-carbamoyl-aspartate which is converted into dihydroorotic acid by Dihydroorotase. The latter is converted to orotate by Dihydroorotate oxidase. Orotate is covalently linked with a phosphorylated ribosyl unit with Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (aka PRPP transferase) catalyzing reaction, yielding orotidine monophosphate (OMP). Orotidine-5-phosphate is decarboxylated by Orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase to form uridine monophosphate (UMP). UMP is phosphorylated by two kinases to uridine triphosphate (UTP) via two sequential reactions with ATP. CTP is subsequently formed by amination of UTP by the catalytic activity of CTP synthetase. Cytosine monophosphate (CMP) and uridine monophosphate (UMP) have been prescribed for the treatment of neuromuscular affections in humans. Patients treated with CMP/UMP recover from altered neurological functions. Additionally, the administration of CMP/UMP appears to favour the entry of glucose in the muscle and CMP/UMP may be important in maintaining the level of hepatic glycogen constant during exercise. [PMID:18663991].	C9H14N3O8P, Cytidine 2'-phosphate		None	None	None	74600.7	61935.2	69385.5	73667.3	62493.5	53646.1	78529.1	62986.6	57362.9	39502.3	54691.3	55571.0	72768.2	54020.0	63737.6	50849.8	42893.0	44869.4	60453.5	53180.7	48049.5	69477.5	72319.0	55528.3	56521.4	76517.7	50176.8	54405.9	63990.4	62990.4	45361.1	74064.0	42076.0	46429.8	53759.5	64533.5	64045.6	55815.9	50782.1	
323.0279275_MZ	Uridine 5'-monophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position. Uridine 5'-monophosphate is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil. (Wikipedia).	C9H13N2O9P, Pseudouridine 5'-phosphate, Uridine 2'-phosphate		None	None	None	859402.0	735925.0	1197510.0	956756.0	912575.0	687258.0	992132.0	636767.0	1068780.0	552975.0	595833.0	758060.0	508796.0	831417.0	563143.0	482977.0	611848.0	729323.0	657464.0	896080.0	719825.0	646801.0	1147470.0	711059.0	972231.0	701759.0	599891.0	836017.0	766388.0	658526.0	447530.0	717914.0	658675.0	666189.0	1051170.0	840451.0	771207.0	1037130.0	731175.0	
323.1274791_MZ	DHAP(10:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DHAP(10:0) is the decanoyl derivative of Dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It is also known as an alkyl-DHAP. This compound is formed by decanoic acid reacting with DHAP. Alkyl-DHAPs are intermediates in the synthesis of ether phospholipids. The initial steps of ether phospholipid biosynthesis take place in peroxisomes. Alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase is the peroxisomal enzyme that actually introduces the ether linkage. Levels of Alkyl-DHAP have been found to be strongly reduced in human fibroblasts derived from Zellweger syndrome and rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata patients. Four other enzymes are known to be involved in the metabolism of acyl-DHAP and alkyl-DHAP. These include: acyl-DHAP/alkyl-DHAP oxidoreductase, DHAP acyltransferase, alkyl-DHAP phosphohydrolase, and a dinitrofluorobenzene-insensitive acyl-DHAP acylhydrolase. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a biochemical compound primarily involved in the glycolysis metabolic pathway. DHAP is also the product of the dehydrogenation of L-glycerol-3-phosphate which is part of the entry of glycerol (sourced from triglycerides) into the glycolytic pathway. Conversely, reduction of glycolysis-derived DHAP to L-glycerol-3-phosphate provides adipose cells with the activated glycerol backbone they require to synthesize new triglycerides. Both reactions are catalyzed by the enzyme glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase with NAD+/NADH as cofactor. DHAP may be referred to as glycerone phosphate in older texts.	C13H25O7P		None	None	None	4760.06	4333.14	6280.26	6489.36	5048.98	6605.39	4598.02	5059.89	6442.55	5141.87	5671.44	3431.98	4217.94	6627.42	5309.67	3448.61	4333.62	4839.21	3705.25	4436.63	4936.51	4068.81	6575.48	5506.77	4121.63	5165.58	3696.26	3575.1	7439.62	5763.95	5086.1	4252.29	4689.16	2623.69	5843.48	5270.48	4953.68	5495.7	3217.92	
323.2039252_MZ	3a,16b-Dihydroxyandrostenone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3a,16b-Dihydroxyandrostenone is an unusual steroid found in the urinary excretion of a subject having a virilizing malignant adrenocortical tumor; apparent 21-steroid hydroxylase deficiency is discussed at the light of these results and of the hormonogenesis enzymatic induction of the tumour biopsy. (PMID 198067).	C19H28O3, 16-Oxoandrostenediol, 3a,16a-Dihydroxyandrostenone, 16a-Hydroxydehydroisoandrosterone, 3a,16-Dihydroxyandrostenone, 7a-Hydroxytestosterone, 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 7b-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 11-Ketoetiocholanolone, 6beta-Hydroxytestosterone, 19-Hydroxytestosterone, 11beta-Hydroxytestosterone, 2beta-Hydroxytestosterone		None	None	None	2622.14	2629.86	3450.11	2616.53	2821.4	3573.38	2745.15	3325.46	2670.32	2626.66	3552.37	1474.76	2548.44	3278.13	2241.86	2644.26	2251.86	3051.79	2313.59	1387.58	2855.48	2758.29	2489.2	3127.18	1696.71	2635.69	3131.52	1558.36	3389.76	2694.62	2254.28	2241.22	2011.89	1620.02	2101.51	1965.96	2700.87	1943.94	2113.97	
324.0927807_MZ	N-Glycolylneuraminic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a widely expressed sialic acid found in most mammalian cells. Although humans are genetically deficient in producing Neu5Gc, small amounts are present in human cells and biofluids. Humans cannot synthesize Neu5Gc because the human gene CMAH is irreversibly mutated, though it is found in apes. This loss of the CMAH gene was estimated to have occurred two to three million years ago, just before the emergence of the genus Homo. A dietary origin of Neu5Gc was suggested by human volunteer studies. These trace amounts of Neu5Gc were determined to come from the consumption of animals in the human diet (i.e. red meats such as lamb, pork, and beef). Neu5Gc can also be found in dairy products, but to a lesser extent. Neu5Gc is not found in poultry and is found in only trace amounts in fish (Wikipedia).	C11H19NO10		None	None	None	90344.9	53857.0	73291.0	44747.5	34137.5	98935.8	66608.5	62561.2	41522.0	60301.1	65444.0	126124.0	392762.0	34985.1	39639.6	46039.6	38080.1	34692.4	47594.0	48435.7	64108.3	48288.7	50887.0	56905.8	35773.6	43333.9	43221.1	71696.5	45286.2	57927.7	50340.9	64933.6	29513.4	33045.5	60450.6	49223.0	62420.9	55099.8	58081.0	
324.1713886_MZ	5'-Carboxy-gama-chromanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C18H25O4		None	None	None	2844.64	3251.72	3872.49	2957.79	3355.23	4359.31	3356.55	3736.12	3154.37	3914.26	4046.66	2954.71	4938.77	3796.09	2397.84	3250.06	2737.86	3073.94	2625.23	2654.05	3529.58	3203.62	3159.25	3629.55	2669.76	3023.47	3826.51	2258.83	3945.54	2769.75	2952.42	2450.71	2098.85	2627.88	2724.42	3049.43	3533.21	3012.95	2896.19	
324.2913362_MZ	N-Oleoylethanolamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Oleoylethanolamine (NOE or OEA) is a N-acylethanolamine. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) constitute a class of lipid compounds naturally present in both animal and plant membranes as constituents of the membrane-bound phospholipid, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). NAPE is composed of a third fatty acid moiety linked to the amino head group of the commonly occurring membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine. NAEs are released from NAPE by phospholipase D-type hydrolases in response to a variety of stimuli. Transient NAE release and accumulation has been attributed a variety of biological activities, including neurotransmission, membrane protection, and immunomodulation in animals. N-oleoylethanolamine is an inhibitor of the sphingolipid signaling pathway, via specific ceramidase inhibition (ceramidase converts ceramide to sphingosine). N-oleoylethanolamine blocks the effects of TNF- and arachidonic acid on intracellular Ca concentration. (PMID: 12692337, 12056855, 12560208, 11997249). N-oleoyl ethanolamine is related to the endocannabinoid anandamide. Endocannabinoids signal through cannabinoid receptors (also stimulated by the active ingredient of cannabis) but although related in structure, synthesis and degradation to anandamide, NOE cannot be considered an endocannabinoid as it does not activate the cannabinoid receptors. Most of the reported responses to NOE can be attributed to activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha). Administration of NOE inhibits body weight gain in rats. In adipocytes and hepatocytes, NOE inhibits mitogenic and metabolic signaling by the insulin receptor and produces glucose intolerance. It also inhibits gastric emptying, which might act together with the sensory neuronal signals to achieve satiety. NOE is permanently elevated in diabetic obese patients. NOE also reduces visceral and inflammatory responses through a PPAR-alpha-activation independent mechanism (PMID: 17449181). NOE has been shown to be an antagonist of TRVP1 (the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 receptor). Overall, NOE has beneficial effects on health by inducing food intake control, lipid beta-oxidation, body weight loss and analgesic effects (PMID: 18704536).	C20H39NO2		None	None	None	2017.47	1809.64	1925.61	1437.34	1720.48	1652.79	2354.78	2130.77	1877.05	1325.82	1654.51	1534.86	1662.79	1616.31	1043.89	2997.76	1613.29	2484.89	1774.31	1401.87	1699.02	2252.54	1573.2	1893.67	1256.62	1686.79	3103.92	1567.97	1517.38	1543.39	1566.97	1676.59	1786.49	1292.3	1489.92	1219.29	1652.24	1533.8	2009.25	
325.0220285_MZ	Uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate is a cyclic nucleotide. A cyclic nucleotide is any nucleotide in which the phosphate group is bonded to two of the sugar's hydroxyl groups, forming a cyclical or ring structure. Cyclic phosphates are commonly found at the 3' end of mRNAs and other small RNAs. Uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate is a substrate for the enzyme 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide-3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase, EC 3.1.4.37) which hydrolyses it to Uridine 2'-phosphate. CNPase is a unique RNase in that it only cleaves nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphates and not the RNA internucleotide linkage, like other RNases such as RNase A and RNase T1.	C9H11N2O8P		None	None	None	14846.4	14120.3	16092.9	14694.3	13647.9	16968.3	14076.2	14358.4	20119.9	15387.6	18397.7	17741.9	14755.0	16744.0	17063.9	14376.8	14077.2	16207.8	17807.9	20326.7	14981.7	17259.7	15644.6	19791.1	19217.4	15063.9	15383.4	18471.5	15488.4	13427.8	15959.8	14424.4	13462.8	17960.1	18525.8	22886.3	23418.8	16967.0	16817.9	
326.1668426_MZ	Zolpidem	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Zolpidem (sold under the brand names Ambien, Ambien CR, Stilnox, and Sublinox) is a prescription medication used for the treatment of insomnia, as well as some brain disorders. It is a short-acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic of the imidazopyridine class that potentiates gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to GABAA receptors at the same location as benzodiazepines. It works quickly (usually within 15 minutes) and has a short half-life (two to three hours). Zolpidem has not adequately demonstrated effectiveness in maintaining sleep (unless delivered in a controlled-release form); however, it is effective in initiating sleep. Some users take zolpidem recreationally for these side effects. However, it may be less common than benzodiazepine abuse. Zolpidem can become addictive if taken for extended periods of time, due to dependence on its ability to put one to sleep or to the euphoria it can sometimes produce.	C19H21N3O		None	None	None	4493.01	4174.04	5500.16	3535.78	3859.41	5961.43	4038.62	5428.09	3760.55	4221.33	4428.65	3412.54	3583.56	5137.64	9650.88	3915.24	3924.93	5245.99	4054.78	2842.63	3928.14	3918.07	3548.84	5388.92	3433.09	4080.4	4476.34	3665.99	5437.77	4090.17	6432.76	3313.12	2696.38	2547.34	3410.72	3916.05	4827.4	2992.29	3150.33	
327.2327102_MZ	Docosahexaenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 essential fatty acid. Chemically, DHA is a carboxylic acid with a 22-carbon chain and six cis double bonds with the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end. DHA is most often found in fish oil. It is a major fatty acid in sperm and brain phospholipids, especially in the retina. Dietary DHA can reduce the level of blood triglycerides in humans, which may reduce the risk of heart disease. (wikipedia).	C22H32O2		None	None	None	318532.0	179611.0	351470.0	184243.0	422929.0	289393.0	442476.0	650918.0	352995.0	165007.0	223433.0	237995.0	239768.0	329014.0	102516.0	1088010.0	258096.0	720806.0	129091.0	219589.0	227957.0	350383.0	315905.0	360102.0	236539.0	169939.0	522525.0	156724.0	159702.0	390062.0	256769.0	378798.0	304290.0	247471.0	211200.0	103062.0	264916.0	193323.0	404619.0	
328.0483929_MZ	Cyclic AMP	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cyclic AMP is an adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH. cAMP is synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase is located at the cell membranes. Adenylate cyclase is activated by the hormones glucagon and adrenaline and by G protein. Liver adenylate cyclase responds more strongly to glucagon, and muscle adenylate cyclase responds more strongly to adrenaline. cAMP decomposition into AMP is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphodiesterase.	C10H12N5O6P, Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate		None	None	None	262440.0	170137.0	138203.0	148611.0	129239.0	252935.0	118307.0	229172.0	103288.0	76029.6	147447.0	58607.5	166615.0	89214.9	162162.0	250304.0	130562.0	181951.0	207046.0	69626.2	95310.8	132624.0	161587.0	151966.0	99428.5	176630.0	215306.0	112421.0	131295.0	182093.0	171492.0	274601.0	123919.0	94879.9	96204.8	105584.0	186316.0	148522.0	64449.5	
328.2123871_MZ	6-Keto-decanoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C17H31NO5		None	None	None	4612.05	2743.05	2860.51	2526.85	2027.42	8211.65	2298.91	3461.93	2627.37	7845.71	6333.94	1286.91	7269.54	2301.53	1618.58	2974.35	1952.12	3033.84	3454.37	1661.71	4908.58	5273.34	2300.13	3465.0	1879.1	2152.55	2690.08	1565.41	21972.8	2150.49	1856.18	2068.56	1853.74	1310.4	2473.95	1840.98	2810.3	1908.52	1478.57	
328.9832435_MZ	Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate (Rib-1,5-P2), a newly discovered activator of phosphofructokinase. It forms rapidly during the initiation of glycolytic flux and disappears within 20 s/ Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate is a potent regulator of the fructose 6-phosphate/fructose 1,6-bisphosphate cycle in the liver. Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate is a substrate for Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate phosphokinase (EC 2.7.4.23), an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ATP + ribose 1,5-bisphosphate <-> ADP + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.	C5H12O11P2		None	None	None	16623.5	16165.7	18878.4	22382.7	20109.0	17003.5	17827.7	18085.1	17409.1	17569.9	19905.0	17507.1	17944.9	19682.5	20548.5	19724.5	17054.5	16521.5	16789.6	17892.7	16812.1	17120.3	16578.3	16100.1	19276.4	16467.6	17532.5	17607.5	16263.8	18139.8	22997.0	19057.0	13667.2	17166.9	15838.3	18777.0	18740.1	16677.8	15950.1	
329.0295809_MZ	Inosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Inosine-2',3'-cyclic phosphate is a cyclic nucleotide. A cyclic nucleotide is any nucleotide in which the phosphate group is bonded to two of the sugar's hydroxyl groups, forming a cyclical or ring structure. 2',3' cyclic IMP is a substrate for 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37). This enzyme (also called CNP) catalyzes the chemical reaction: nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O <-> nucleoside 2'-phosphate. CNP is a myelin-associated enzyme that makes up 4% of total CNS myelin protein, and is thought to undergo significant age-associated changes. The absence of CNP causes axonal swelling and neuronal degeneration. The biological role of cyclic 2',3' monophosphates is not clear, although it is thought to have something to do with neuronal stasis or development.	C10H11N4O7P		None	None	None	10578.8	13124.9	10084.9	7625.97	10861.9	19441.8	9572.02	10834.4	9419.62	10653.7	11894.8	13720.5	9143.45	10162.6	14461.5	18516.5	14465.4	9724.06	13914.1	13227.7	11155.4	11405.3	10727.1	10908.2	13557.2	9181.38	10967.5	17130.9	14010.6	9993.26	11784.6	10523.3	9615.15	15362.4	17722.5	13894.1	13201.1	12018.9	11026.6	
329.1597973_MZ	Picrocrocin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Picrocrocin is a glycoside formed from glucose and safranal. It is found in the spice saffron, which comes from the crocus flower. Picrocrocin has a bitter taste and is the chemical most responsible for the taste of saffron. It is believed that picrocrocin is a degradation product of the carotenoid zeaxanthin (Wikipedia).	C16H26O7		None	None	None	13389.1	12472.7	28212.2	12605.7	12140.1	13811.1	12028.0	22932.9	9741.36	10213.6	10095.9	6135.59	8978.07	21166.0	15230.6	7924.34	9942.71	21854.2	9793.29	5321.59	9071.77	12046.6	10132.1	17778.1	6311.68	12604.7	10274.8	6373.37	15681.3	8307.78	10296.6	11655.7	8943.31	4980.13	7972.88	7490.59	12352.1	6940.2	6347.28	
329.2333228_MZ	9_10_13-TriHOME	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	9,10,13-TriHOME is a trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid metabolite of linoleic acid, one of the major fatty acids found in lipids. Vascular tissue converts various polyunsaturated fatty acids to monohydroxy and trihydroxy metabolites derived from hydroperoxides which may be involved in regulating prostaglandin synthesis.	C18H34O5, 9_12_13-TriHOME		None	None	None	16452.6	11691.9	17461.5	10405.9	17571.2	16711.7	18021.6	22693.6	16623.3	13000.6	12445.2	8346.56	13207.5	15666.8	9559.52	29807.3	15981.0	24761.8	11007.1	9754.56	12770.7	16232.8	14786.0	17464.2	10158.2	11163.7	17595.2	7411.1	13940.6	13268.4	11439.1	15546.4	10681.8	10366.5	21528.9	8228.27	15242.7	9647.56	11091.7	
329.2479124_MZ	Docosapentaenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Docosapentaenoic acid (also known as clupanodonic acid) is an essential omega-3 fatty acid (EFA) which is prevalent in fish oils. Docosapentaenoic acid, commonly called DPA, is an intermediary between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 &#969;-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 &#969;-3). Seal oil is a rich source. There are three functions of docosapentaenoic acid. The most important is as part of phospholipids in all animal cellular membranes: a deficiency of docosapentaenoic acid leads to faulty membranes being formed. A second is in the transport and oxidation of cholesterol: clupanodonic acid tends to lower plasma cholesterol. A third function is as a precursor of prostanoids which are only formed from docosapentaenoic acid. Deficiency of this in experimental animals causes lesions mainly attributable to faulty cellular membranes: sudden failure of growth, lesions of skin and kidney and connective tissue, erythrocyte fragility, impaired fertility, uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation. In man pure deficiency of docosapentaenoic acid has been studied particularly in persons fed intravenously. A relative deficiency (that is, a low ratio in the body of docosapentaenoic to long-chain saturated fatty acids and isomers of docosapentaenoate) is common on Western diets and plays an important part in the causation of atherosclerosis, coronary thrombosis, multiple sclerosis, the triopathy of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and certain forms of malignant disease. Various factors affect the dietary requirement of docosapentaenoic acid. (PMID: 6469703).	C22H34O2, 4_7_10_13_16-Docosapentaenoic acid		None	None	None	40891.2	26783.7	44044.5	22405.0	40375.3	15971.2	66267.3	99720.3	43504.8	30773.6	24179.3	31243.9	50288.0	38156.2	12816.3	112635.0	31485.1	96344.1	22461.9	21224.0	28275.7	52714.5	32141.6	40963.8	22140.4	27245.5	76400.4	19717.4	22510.2	37249.5	24957.7	68505.5	43770.3	47840.3	30780.7	14547.4	39720.4	27009.7	42946.9	
331.2636078_MZ	Adrenic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adrenic acid, which is a prostacyclin inhibitor, appears to be potential prothrombotic agent. (PMID 1642692).	C22H36O2		None	None	None	19219.2	14990.1	21874.9	9977.46	27642.5	7231.87	36978.7	39483.2	23253.6	21048.6	12697.5	17582.0	43866.1	29909.8	6040.5	53657.9	18496.5	55232.0	15343.2	11819.2	14808.9	24704.9	19370.3	23940.7	14356.4	13759.2	46953.3	10254.5	10912.5	18698.1	12247.4	48374.5	24854.2	39445.2	12449.4	10019.1	24802.1	18559.5	24576.0	
333.0588962_MZ	1-(sn-Glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-(sn-Glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol or glycerophosphoinositol is produced through deacylation by phospholipase B of the essential phospholipid phosphatidylinositol. Glycerophosphoinositols are ubiquitous phosphoinositide metabolites involved in the control of several cell functions. They exert their actions both intracellularly and by rapidly equilibrating across the plasma membrane. Their transport is mediated by the Glut2 transporter, the human ortholog of GIT1 (PMID: 17141226). Glycerophosphoinositol is a substrate for glycerophosphoinositol inositolphosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.43) and is involved in the following reaction: 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol + H2O = glycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate. It is also a substrate for glycerophosphoinositol glycerophosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.44) which catalyzes the chemical reaction:. 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol + H2O = myo-inositol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.	C9H19O11P		None	None	None	49858.5	75848.7	73002.8	72054.9	76037.6	86334.4	45114.8	47472.4	65022.2	58808.3	50441.2	83469.8	65169.0	62649.6	74204.8	69417.8	86986.2	71586.0	62670.2	68285.9	99858.6	41835.9	75805.7	79199.1	53666.7	87146.5	52187.2	53846.9	54092.3	64388.0	81700.5	39436.0	34662.7	50837.3	69884.0	64818.8	61889.3	70891.8	53336.5	
333.2036844_MZ	Prostaglandin A2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C20H30O4, Leukotriene B5, Delta-12-Prostaglandin J2, 15-Keto-13_14-dihydroprostaglandin A2, 12-Keto-leukotriene B4, Prostaglandin B2, Prostaglandin J2		None	None	None	15734.6	16607.2	16212.1	15114.0	14853.5	20087.6	14433.7	16301.8	16129.0	12300.3	15847.3	13616.0	15065.2	19877.1	13590.1	16959.3	13193.1	18078.2	13575.6	12390.9	14439.7	17098.4	13322.4	18089.5	12787.6	15748.4	14616.8	12237.3	16533.7	15250.7	14454.3	14187.3	10500.8	13191.7	12330.2	12567.9	15825.8	12429.3	14680.5	
334.1248001_MZ	Aspartylglycosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Large amount of aspartylglycosamine appears in patients with aspartylglycosaminuria, which is a metabolic disorder associated with decreased activity of aspartylglycosamine amido hydrolase.	C12H21N3O8		None	None	None	15322.6	18219.8	14985.6	12847.4	13728.5	20275.8	14044.1	14848.0	15688.6	11996.0	18246.6	17001.0	17377.4	20046.0	34220.7	13473.9	13813.3	12422.1	14085.9	9735.03	14400.4	10333.0	11586.8	15821.0	10428.6	15941.9	14884.8	12870.1	15871.8	14462.9	24487.6	12582.3	9349.09	10377.4	13351.6	15266.5	13665.2	9607.31	10083.7	
335.2220820_MZ	11(R)-HPETE	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11R-HPETE is a hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid eicosanoid derived from arachidonic acid. 11R-HPETE is formed from arachidonic acid in the prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1 cyclooxygenase site. 11R-HPETE has been described in other mammalian tissues (rat, sheep). There are two distinct isozymes of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS), the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis; PGHS-1 is generally considered to play a housekeeping role, whereas PGHS-2 has been linked to various pathological processes. Both PGHS isozymes have two catalytic activities; they are a cyclooxygenase activity that converts arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) and a peroxidase activity that catalyzes the transformation of PGG2 to prostaglandin H2. Oxygenase activity is completely abolished in aspirin-treated PGHS-1 (ASA-PGHS-1), whereas aspirin-treated PGHS-2 (ASA-PGHS-2) still catalyzes formation of 11(R)-HPETE. (PMID: 12664566, 15292194, 15964853, 12167656).	C20H32O4, 11H-14_15-EETA, 12(R)-HPETE, 12(S)-Leukotriene B4, Hepoxilin A3, Prostaglandin A1, 8-iso-PGA1		None	None	None	11683.3	8818.21	11862.2	12282.8	16925.8	15657.6	12960.2	8993.46	11218.9	10850.8	12677.3	8271.58	10868.8	20348.8	10382.0	11186.7	9614.02	13328.7	8946.02	8638.69	11268.9	10266.2	13422.5	14191.3	10055.7	11388.8	9593.92	10274.1	11057.7	10371.4	10328.7	12033.8	7457.28	25111.2	7922.8	8395.83	10154.9	8959.31	9187.05	
337.2373758_MZ	8_9-DiHETrE	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	8,9-DiHETrE is a Cytochrome P450 (P450) eicosanoid. Eicosanoids generated from arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes are important autocrine and paracrine factors that have diverse biological functions. P450 eicosanoids are involved in the regulation of vascular tone, renal tubular transport, cardiac contractility, cellular proliferation, and inflammation. P450converts AA to 8,9- dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid. This enzymatic pathway was first described in liver; however, it is now clear that AA can be metabolized by P450 in many tissues including the pituitary gland, eye, kidney, adrenal gland, and blood vessels. (PMID: 17431031, 11700990).	C20H34O4, 14_15-DiHETrE, 12-Keto-tetrahydro-leukotriene B4, 11_12-DiHETrE		None	None	None	11406.5	9280.49	13282.0	7833.52	9047.1	17090.4	12420.9	12591.2	8850.41	10252.0	9122.21	6015.01	8999.4	11571.7	6949.22	16787.6	11008.4	13760.2	7893.19	4831.93	7992.91	10703.0	8872.25	12777.3	5825.83	9600.56	15504.9	5179.18	10031.3	10108.5	8572.39	10495.6	7783.47	5590.3	7167.49	6372.45	10004.4	6511.83	6457.01	
337.3105385_MZ	Cetoleic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cetoleic acid is a poly-unsaturated fatty acid. Source: fish oils and rapeseed. Found as a lipid membrane component.	C22H42O2, Erucic acid		None	None	None	5866.29	4338.19	5571.39	3274.15	6447.43	7797.57	6768.2	7979.97	4578.67	3139.0	4955.24	4994.04	9626.96	4857.36	2847.65	12138.6	4012.66	8844.06	4409.04	3844.66	4505.14	8710.98	8953.63	4929.88	4502.96	4979.46	10762.7	4852.44	4278.71	5174.14	3598.22	7839.32	7625.51	6360.41	4902.23	3443.91	6682.48	5624.51	5301.47	
338.2746820_MZ	Oleoyl glycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-oleoyl glycine is an acylglycine with oleoic acid (C18:1(9Z))moiety attached to glycine molecule. It is reported to be preferentially produced by human glycine N-acyltransferase-like 2 (hGLYATL2), a member of a gene family of 4 putative glycine conjugating enzymes, synthesizes various N-acyl glycines. Recombinantly expressed hGLYATL2 efficiently conjugated oleoyl-CoA, arachidonoyl-CoA, and other medium- and long-chain acyl-CoAs to glycine. The enzyme was specific for glycine as an acceptor molecule.	C20H37NO3		None	None	None	1309.52	1074.94	1653.47	1206.31	886.875	1249.05	1257.14	1932.76	1061.17	986.436	1080.17	651.007	1064.59	1419.69	952.245	1768.95	1030.65	1668.54	1027.78	861.133	824.606	1232.65	765.651	1317.98	871.299	1031.41	1270.45	690.469	1067.65	825.202	1016.98	894.731	938.426	597.022	702.745	797.443	1195.65	766.363	1022.39	
338.9882089_MZ	D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is a regulatory molecule controlling the activity of the enzyme Phosphofructokinase-1 or PFK1 (in mammals). PFK1, in turn, is the key regulatory enzyme in the central metabolic pathway Glycolysis. D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate has the effect of increasing the activity of PFK1, thus increasing the rate at which the principle food molecule glucose is broken down. At the same time, this regulatory molecule also inhibits the opposing enzyme (FBPase1) in the reverse pathway (gluconeogenesis) so that the synthesis of glucose is not taking place in the same cell where glucose is being broken down (which would be wasteful) (Wikipedia).	C6H14O12P2, 1D-Myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate, Alpha-D-Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, 1D-Myo-inositol 1,3-bisphosphate, 1D-Myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate, D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate		None	None	None	14809.5	14709.6	17658.7	8541.33	19305.0	20753.6	28490.2	27816.2	12659.5	14027.9	16656.4	33116.6	24008.6	18276.4	18679.7	20903.8	14891.1	17880.4	17375.2	12615.8	22020.2	12330.1	11710.6	16311.1	17876.4	28908.8	14997.6	12742.8	23151.3	62246.0	22197.8	17371.2	10436.7	17417.9	10870.6	11530.6	12588.2	10442.1	14299.8	
341.1083159_MZ	D-Maltose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Maltose, or malt sugar, is a primary disaccharide in the human diet formed from two units of glucose joined with an alpha (1->4) linkage. It is the second member of an important biochemical series of glucose chains. The addition of another glucose unit yields maltotriose, Further additions will produce dextrins, also called maltodextrins, and eventually starch. Maltose can be broken down into two glucose molecules by hydrolysis in living organisms. At the surface of the small intestine, the brush border enzymes maltase, breaks down maltose. (PMID: 14522745).	C12H22O11, Melibiose, Cellobiose, Alpha-Lactose, Sucrose, Lactulose, Trehalose, Isomaltose, Galactinol, 3-b-Galactopyranosyl glucose, Epimelibiose, Turanose, Kojibiose		None	None	None	47809.7	52666.6	37387.6	32950.2	33588.9	63455.2	42399.5	51231.9	52868.2	90498.0	55280.6	57745.4	49083.8	69723.6	53747.3	60743.2	86972.8	54678.6	60004.1	45743.0	79241.3	49373.7	41175.8	52000.5	42735.3	120786.0	59467.7	85605.1	96993.3	66634.3	41805.2	48566.4	34748.2	32906.2	39572.1	78454.4	92428.6	39543.7	40516.1	
341.1962063_MZ	2_3-Dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1 a	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha is a major urinary prostacyclin metabolite, and is significantly higher in 9 patients with severe atherosclerosis and evidence of platelet activation. Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator and platelet inhibitor produced by vascular endothelium. Endogenous production of prostacyclin under physiologic conditions is extremely low, far below the capacity of vascular tissue to generate this substance in response to stimulation in vitro. This may reflect a low frequency or intensity of stimulation of prostacyclin production. PGI2 synthase (PGIS), a catalyst of PGI2 formation from prostaglandin H2, is widely distributed and predominantly found in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. PGI2 plays an important cardioprotective role increasingly appreciated in recent years in light of adverse effects of COX-2 inhibitors in clinical trials. This cardioprotection is thought to be mediated, in part, by prostacyclin inhibition of platelet aggregation. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that prostacyclin additionally protects from cardiovascular disease by pleiotropic effects on vascular smooth muscle. PGI2 inhibits proliferation of cultured vascular SMCs by inhibiting cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. (PMID: 6231483, 7000774, 6231483, 16303599, 16533160, 17073611, 17164138)Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C18H30O6, 2_3-Dinor-TXB2		None	None	None	22198.3	23222.6	32283.7	19318.1	19448.9	24424.8	22346.3	27434.3	19752.7	21805.3	21998.4	18925.8	17878.2	27321.6	19951.8	24887.7	18974.3	29298.1	21061.6	15018.8	21324.8	23606.4	18713.0	24403.3	15779.7	20460.2	24028.8	15591.0	23322.8	18849.4	18267.9	20039.8	17797.4	14653.2	17378.8	17120.2	23016.6	16563.7	18188.6	
342.9987868_MZ	Fructose 1_6-bisphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C6H14O11P2		None	None	None	11769.0	12063.2	14436.8	10557.1	13019.2	12223.5	14834.3	14312.7	13172.8	11909.9	14663.7	16105.7	11927.1	15353.6	10508.6	23656.4	13999.8	15119.5	13348.5	13288.6	11801.0	14864.8	13225.6	13667.3	12578.0	12439.7	15525.5	13431.6	13330.0	13499.7	11942.9	12843.8	15577.4	16973.1	13977.4	12818.8	14516.9	15753.9	14719.2	
343.1150853_MZ	Dolichyl diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The glycosylation of asparagine residues in proteins is known to occur by transfer from a dolichyl diphosphate oligosaccharide containing glucose. The addition of all three glucoses to the dolichyl diphosphate oligosaccharide occur with dolichyl phosphate glucose as donor.(http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb04498.x/abs/).	C12H26O7P2		None	None	None	6705.1	6265.29	8130.11	6843.67	6908.96	9473.57	7112.74	7141.44	6134.71	8005.54	9097.57	6687.61	7688.46	9068.16	7279.91	5464.91	7715.63	8023.44	7713.09	5966.39	8811.67	6520.85	5990.27	7354.79	6181.93	9025.24	6453.46	7085.38	12601.3	11191.3	6394.92	6022.9	4452.03	4698.17	6026.59	8036.27	7839.03	5236.76	5013.9	
343.1933046_MZ	11-Dehydrocorticosterone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11-Dehydrocorticosterone is a mineral corticosteroid. The conversion of inactive 11-ketoglucocorticoids such as 11-dehydrocorticosterone) into active 11b-hydroxyglucocorticoids (such as corticosterone) is catalyzed by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11b-HSD1, EC 1.1.1.146), which is expressed in many tissues and plays an important role in metabolically relevant tissues such as the liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscles and possibly kidney. Chronically elevated local glucocorticoid action as a result of increased 11beta-HSD1 activity rather than elevated systemic glucocorticoid levels has been associated with metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Recent studies indicate that compounds inhibiting 11beta-HSD1 activity ameliorate the adverse effects of excessive glucocorticoid concentrations on metabolic processes, providing promising opportunities for the development of therapeutic interventions. 11-dehydrocorticosterone and corticosterone display antinatriuretic activity, although 11-dehydrocorticosterone is generally a more potent sodium retainer than corticosterone. (PMID: 17584152, Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2007 Jun;7(2):125-40.).	C21H28O4, Formebolone, 19-Oxo-deoxycorticosterone 		None	None	None	4792.35	5772.32	6250.19	4841.8	6396.81	5451.61	4939.61	4957.75	7408.93	4493.95	5037.97	2768.65	4935.75	6019.7	3297.93	3479.44	3866.18	5925.46	3888.09	2946.15	4187.1	4626.91	5370.49	5958.43	4081.01	5133.41	4275.96	2978.73	5640.34	4265.56	4012.02	3716.35	3039.89	3639.27	5020.99	3915.89	5956.91	4199.61	3402.36	
346.0560069_MZ	Adenosine monophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine monophosphate, also known as 5'-adenylic acid and abbreviated AMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. AMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP can be produced during ATP synthesis by the enzyme adenylate kinase. AMP has recently been approved as a 'Bitter Blocker' additive to foodstuffs. When AMP is added to bitter foods or foods with a bitter aftertaste it makes them seem 'sweeter'. This potentially makes lower calorie food products more palatable.	C10H14N5O7P, 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate, 3'-AMP, Adenosine 2'-phosphate		None	None	None	4982050.0	6096730.0	7468590.0	5780050.0	6431710.0	5600370.0	7583660.0	4822210.0	7754860.0	5065660.0	4465880.0	5272970.0	4407370.0	7546440.0	4289900.0	5088120.0	6222430.0	5397280.0	5178730.0	6322750.0	5638290.0	5031990.0	7455690.0	5404460.0	5721310.0	6365400.0	5285560.0	6700020.0	6405470.0	4572020.0	3425360.0	6024090.0	4972090.0	4730430.0	8315140.0	8116380.0	5747740.0	6716870.0	5645440.0	
347.0398567_MZ	Inosine 2'-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Inosine 2'-phosphate is an inosine nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C2 of the sugar moiety. Inosine 2'-phosphate is a product of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37). This enzyme (also called CNP) catalyzes the chemical reaction: nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O <-> nucleoside 2'-phosphate. 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase is a myelin-associated enzyme that makes up 4% of total CNS myelin protein, and is thought to undergo significant age-associated changes. The absence of CNP causes axonal swelling and neuronal degeneration.	C10H13N4O8P, Inosinic acid		None	None	None	549505.0	195276.0	302993.0	239579.0	204353.0	558558.0	328732.0	268901.0	370065.0	481277.0	842852.0	591134.0	247411.0	292758.0	162494.0	193477.0	411566.0	338369.0	776346.0	286553.0	404745.0	400816.0	300628.0	728906.0	593249.0	320924.0	438112.0	215680.0	325023.0	364456.0	376334.0	667288.0	129330.0	279325.0	329004.0	348181.0	732922.0	372913.0	219917.0	
349.2743612_MZ	Monoacylglyceride(0:0/16:0/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/16:0/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C19H38O4, Monoacylglyceride(16:0/0:0/0:0)		None	None	None	12831.4	9902.81	12467.3	8569.39	14013.5	17145.7	14319.8	15475.7	11580.3	15329.5	14103.4	10690.3	16537.6	13940.2	9745.52	28541.2	13997.8	17875.8	10533.1	10057.2	14152.9	17059.8	11897.5	11366.7	10630.7	12169.9	20325.7	9354.15	10811.0	13472.3	9067.72	27192.9	13169.0	12920.4	10974.1	9303.08	19611.5	11649.6	10296.4	
351.1253258_MZ	Estradiol-17beta 3-sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The estrogen patch is a delivery system for estradiol used as hormone replacement therapy to treat the symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness, and to prevent osteoporosis. Originally marketed as Vivelle(Novartis), it was discontinued in 2003 and reintroduced in a smaller form as Vivelle-Dot. Although the estrogen is given transdermally rather than in the standard oral tablets, the estrogen patch carries similar risks and benefits as more conventional forms of estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy.	C18H24O5S		None	None	None	7922.39	8312.51	9333.84	8545.07	7012.23	13456.1	7317.16	6122.36	6210.77	9681.26	10777.2	7073.06	6291.84	9289.81	12385.5	3907.37	5957.98	5673.29	7288.43	4003.23	10201.3	5454.57	8676.42	7106.77	4679.28	6792.86	5192.96	4899.03	11607.1	6753.54	10347.0	5302.41	4006.27	3948.46	6620.57	7084.88	6630.4	4626.88	5824.43	
351.1974291_MZ	11b-Hydroxyprogesterone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone is a normal human metabolite. Plasma 11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone concentrations does not vary significantly as a function of age, sex, or phase of the menstrual cycle, in contrast to 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Increased plasma 11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone levels in late-onset adrenal 21-hydroxylase deficiency suggest a mild defect of the mineralocorticoid pathway. 21-hydroxylase deficiency (OMIM 201910) is probably the most frequent (if not the most frequent) autosomal recessive genetic disease, occurring in almost 1% of Caucasians and about 3% of Ashkenazi Jews. 21-hydroxylase deficiency is unusual among genetic diseases in that approximately 95% of the mutant alleles have apparently been generated by recombination between a normally active gene (CYP21) and a closely linked pseudogene (CYP21P). There are 4 recognized clinical forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, the majority of cases being associated with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: salt-wasting (SW), simple virilizing (SV), nonclassic (NC) late-onset (also called attenuated and acquired), and cryptic. (PMID: 3546944, 2537337). 11beta-hydroxyprogesterone acts as a mineralocorticoid agonist in stimulating Na+ absorption in mammalian principal cortical collecting duct cells.It activates the transiently expressed hMR in COS-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner (ED(50): 10(-8) M) and, like aldosterone, stimulated Ams I(sc) in mpkCCD(cl4) cells. Docking 11OHP within the hMR-ligand-binding domain homology model revealed that the agonist activity of 11OHP is caused by contacts between its 11 beta-hydroxyl group and Asn770. Furthermore, 11OHP was unable to activate the mutant hMR/N770A, in which Ala is substituted for Asn at position 770. These findings demonstrate that in the absence of the 21-hydroxyl group, the 11 beta-hydroxyl group can produce the contact with the hMR-Asn770 required for the hMR activation leading to stimulated Na(+) absorption.	C20H28O4, Carnosic acid		None	None	None	4705.13	4113.87	5061.32	4164.15	4208.09	5942.61	4925.83	4765.02	4389.45	4002.28	4555.29	2944.25	3794.43	5366.12	3214.23	4291.56	4131.58	5214.19	3241.98	2605.22	4130.31	3964.84	3977.08	4854.06	2724.1	4015.72	3954.76	2354.17	5702.58	3572.67	3710.72	4210.4	2798.75	2372.88	3096.34	3052.18	4152.84	2836.73	2781.43	
351.2538336_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C21H36O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C21H36O4		None	None	None	9134.39	7868.97	7207.72	6862.71	8446.79	9328.73	6400.17	8500.33	9913.97	9037.47	7835.24	2256.87	8408.68	9492.47	5626.13	9689.97	9176.82	11904.5	7042.23	3493.29	6987.25	10418.0	8374.77	10176.5	3628.36	8791.59	7921.49	3524.62	9455.92	5370.14	6802.9	11859.0	6122.25	3817.25	7858.73	3089.48	7614.97	7750.45	2337.52	
352.1154679_MZ	Protopine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Protopine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid occurring in opium poppies and other plants of the family papaveraceae. It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an opioid analgesic.	C20H19NO5		None	None	None	7364.65	8404.61	9482.83	10771.4	7192.12	11774.6	6042.24	4507.25	6678.47	11596.5	10563.5	7460.27	8603.12	7515.98	8091.83	3843.53	7324.29	5647.09	7205.95	5155.17	9253.31	6198.83	5623.8	6988.78	5740.41	6230.4	4526.53	5216.06	11033.3	6168.27	7263.57	4941.19	3914.03	4828.71	6651.94	7416.51	5925.24	6361.94	6171.45	
353.3417156_MZ	Tricosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tricosanoic acid is found in different plant oils and extracts such as the Brazilian peppertree, but it can also be produced in the human body. It has shown to be a hair growth stimulant.	C23H46O2		None	None	None	11101.4	11755.5	11152.1	9197.39	10628.6	9570.38	11700.7	12506.1	10703.5	9239.11	10755.8	9393.24	9772.17	10010.5	7242.44	16745.4	9774.5	13163.2	9121.38	9561.6	9604.1	14105.9	9181.74	10501.3	8627.97	9722.82	13478.9	8975.12	10267.7	9837.28	9599.39	9544.28	11014.8	9018.09	7506.27	9389.29	11745.6	9190.27	12240.4	
354.0604072_MZ	Dihydroneopterin phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dihydroneopterin phosphate is involved in the folate biosynthesis pathway. Dihydroneopterin phosphate is produced from 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-(erythro-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)dihydropteridine. triphosphate by [E3.6.1.-]. Dihydroneopterin phosphate is then converted to Dihydroneopterin by [E3.6.1.-].	C9H14N5O7P		None	None	None	9668.93	9611.71	12415.9	8420.57	9787.44	15633.1	13865.9	13147.2	10597.7	10032.8	10412.7	15911.7	15301.1	15686.0	10544.3	10155.0	12539.6	11019.1	10520.0	24707.6	14934.0	11042.0	9212.78	13215.1	11525.1	10461.2	8709.68	12115.7	11519.5	13451.3	6571.55	9868.99	8395.52	21320.4	13465.3	13173.1	9620.13	10012.4	16332.6	
354.1320383_MZ	Aspartylglycosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Large amount of aspartylglycosamine appears in patients with aspartylglycosaminuria, which is a metabolic disorder associated with decreased activity of aspartylglycosamine amido hydrolase.	C12H21N3O8		None	None	None	4751.18	6264.74	6142.78	5958.69	5982.69	7699.7	5145.42	5380.72	5610.94	6061.5	7295.76	5487.08	5436.58	6517.33	5513.17	3984.86	5415.55	5159.94	4430.32	4634.25	6623.26	5107.94	4714.2	5648.08	4940.53	5588.45	4509.33	4537.17	6599.63	4716.54	4892.23	4441.97	4370.95	4931.73	5040.71	5701.08	5112.51	4793.01	5791.01	
355.2840925_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C21H40O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C21H40O4		None	None	None	5898.89	5204.76	14890.6	4522.1	6361.23	7503.04	7299.94	13783.4	5336.97	4733.09	4953.65	3412.75	5500.24	10642.5	4527.22	7602.96	4998.61	13652.6	4318.68	3633.86	4258.98	6312.38	4723.87	7519.28	3609.59	5597.69	7384.21	3359.74	5627.4	4621.12	3938.78	7247.72	6322.91	4341.36	3744.05	3957.41	6388.91	4441.47	4135.56	
356.0917985_MZ	S-(Hydroxymethyl)glutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-Hydroxymethylglutathione is a critical component of the binding site for activating fatty acids in glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity. (OMIM 103710). formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.1), a widely occurring enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of S-hydroxymethylglutathione into S-formylglutathione in the presence of NAD (PubMed ID 2806555).	C11H19N3O7S		None	None	None	16002.0	14600.1	14450.5	12883.1	12034.5	22387.3	14608.6	14493.0	7917.91	13204.9	11596.5	17551.9	8395.57	12891.7	15275.4	10553.3	11269.1	15689.9	22239.1	9790.44	11253.9	12761.4	9825.38	12105.1	14655.4	10271.6	13834.3	17016.3	16802.1	19054.6	10938.5	11071.5	9182.56	12080.7	13894.0	15836.4	15116.0	7897.92	11089.7	
357.0806379_MZ	N1-(5-Phospho-a-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N1-(5-Phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (or alpha-ribazole-5'-Phosphate) is an intermediate in Riboflavin metabolism. In particular, alpha-Ribazole 5'-phosphate is converted from Dimethylbenzimidazole via the enzyme nicotinate-nucleotide-dimethylbenzimidazole. phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.21). It is then converted to alpha-Ribazole via the enzyme (EC 3.1.3.-).	C14H19N2O7P		None	None	None	9146.1	9173.76	10573.1	9587.53	12357.3	10658.6	10089.9	10218.0	9225.03	10743.0	9918.29	10544.1	8716.52	11251.3	11607.7	8096.06	14273.2	9818.37	9595.58	6667.75	9605.51	7711.46	11911.3	9125.25	8690.13	16621.5	9831.79	7387.06	10156.3	12337.5	10056.1	9975.79	6126.7	8268.34	12548.5	8074.29	9201.7	9014.6	6809.6	
357.1411889_MZ	Nicotine glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nicotine glucuronidation results in an N-quaternary glucuronide in humans. This reaction is catalyzed by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme(s) producing (S)-nicotine-N-beta-glucuronide (Nicotine-Gluc). About 3-5% of nicotine is converted to Nicotine-Gluc and excreted in urine in humans.	C16H22N2O6		None	None	None	9287.01	6287.33	12048.1	13667.9	10119.1	9402.69	8945.83	8957.67	8396.3	7198.24	9354.4	9363.84	7783.8	8105.85	8001.51	5009.79	7557.73	9869.69	12417.2	7870.0	7670.85	7194.53	7501.97	8333.22	7107.08	9001.25	7075.14	10391.1	8367.95	9546.63	7851.05	8276.73	4826.7	7144.89	8163.54	9089.82	11042.4	6172.71	7269.86	
357.1726817_MZ	Malabaricone C	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Malabaricone C is an antimicrobial resorcinol found in nutmeg, the dried seed covers of Myristica fragrans and Myristica malabarica (rampatri). This Compound exhibits strong antifungal and antibacterial activity. (PMID 1955885, 10501006). Malabaricone C a diarylnonanoid, shows strong scavenging activity. (PMID 16104820).	C21H26O5		None	None	None	6172.13	6098.15	7705.48	7076.24	9321.52	8371.75	5915.01	6747.06	6816.52	6502.89	7487.08	4984.39	5278.48	8288.42	6239.44	4329.87	7688.55	6614.38	5218.5	4463.57	6186.32	5398.21	6636.92	8806.92	4226.52	11291.9	5149.1	4339.32	7423.46	5298.47	7865.12	6368.93	3415.99	4411.07	5100.75	5694.45	7253.91	5368.09	4473.51	
357.2638236_MZ	13,14-Dihydro PGF-1a	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	13,14-Dihydro PGF-1alpha is a prostanoid. Prostanoids is a term that collectively describes prostaglandins, prostacyclines and thromboxanes. Prostanoids are a subclass of the lipid mediator group known as eicosanoids. They derive from C-20 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly dihomo-gamma-linoleic (20:3n-6), arachidonic (20:4n-6), and eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) acids, through the action of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2). The reaction product of COX is the unstable endoperoxide prostaglandin H (PGH) that is further transformed into the individual prostanoids by a series of specific prostanoid synthases. Prostanoids are local-acting mediators formed and inactivated within the same or neighbouring cells prior to their release into circulation as inactive metabolites (15-keto- and 13,14-dihydroketo metabolites). Non-enzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid and other fatty acids in vivo can result in prostaglandin-like substances isomeric to the COX-derived prostaglandins that are termed isoprostanes. Prostanoids take part in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in practically every organ, tissue and cell, including the vascular, renal, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. Their activities are mediated through prostanoid-specific receptors and intracellular signalling pathways, whilst their biosynthesis and action are blocked by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID). Isoprostanes are considered to be reliable markers of oxidant stress status and have been linked to inflammation, ischaemia-reperfusion, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, reproductive disorders and diabetes. (PMID: 16986207).	C20H38O5		None	None	None	4138.05	3498.19	6360.05	3231.45	3273.97	4276.83	3286.9	5848.64	3618.63	3158.71	3400.41	1295.51	3345.56	5020.51	2923.64	3109.19	3139.51	6039.49	2649.53	1471.77	2586.71	4151.54	3784.73	5526.35	1972.13	4148.44	3411.64	1427.16	4041.44	2109.94	2689.41	3745.94	2951.19	1291.9	2930.59	1876.42	3590.68	2334.17	1521.14	
358.0480605_MZ	5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl) imidazole-4-carboxylate is an intermediate in purine metabolism. 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl) imidazole-4-carboxylate is converted from aminoimidazole ribotide via phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase [EC: 4.1.1.21].	C9H14N3O9P, N5-Carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide		None	None	None	18269.8	18722.1	12987.2	10093.1	10822.5	15906.2	15336.6	17056.6	11429.2	7324.96	15567.9	11906.1	15070.3	9900.06	16319.7	19464.9	9454.82	13485.7	24366.3	12176.1	9384.1	17907.9	8362.97	13987.0	10802.6	14840.9	17130.0	22403.0	16212.8	16986.2	8546.18	16398.6	10048.1	10875.5	10765.4	19177.5	16435.6	10529.9	9263.52	
358.1292158_MZ	5-Hydroxytryptophol glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Hydroxytryptophol glucuronide (GTOL) is the major excretion form of 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTOL), a minor serotonin metabolite under normal conditions. Because the concentration of 5-HTOL is markedly increased following consumption of alcohol, measurement of 5-HTOL is used as a sensitive biomarker for detection of recent alcohol intake. PMID: 15664340. 5-Hydroxytryptophol glucuronide provided higher diagnostic specificity and sensitivity than 5-hydroxytryptophol. PMID: 17112495.	C16H21NO7		None	None	None	6698.4	5589.28	14437.7	9157.12	6970.17	8624.22	7774.03	6616.01	6386.71	6222.95	6949.35	10010.5	5210.03	6467.41	6408.89	4489.72	6231.09	8970.39	9451.38	7259.05	7459.73	5233.66	6066.24	6629.65	7739.27	6552.84	6018.93	9064.33	7695.81	7747.44	6369.02	5556.05	4922.91	6597.26	6565.13	10720.9	7977.0	5184.16	8294.54	
358.1909470_MZ	19-oic-deoxycorticosterone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	19-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (19,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3,20-dione), 19-oxo-deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3,19,20-trione), and 19-oic-deoxycorticosterone (19-oic-21-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3,20-dione)are formed from precursor deoxycorticosterone by adrenal glands obtained from intact rats and from rats undergoing adrenal regeneration.rat adrenals have the enzymes required to convert deoxycorticosterone to 19-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone, 19-oxo-deoxycorticosterone, and 19-oic-deoxycorticosterone; however, rat adrenals do not convert deoxycorticosterone or any of the oxygenated metabolites to 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxy-19-nor-4-pregnen-3,20-dione). It is possible, however, that 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone is formed at peripheral sites from the oxygenated deoxycorticosterone precursors.	C21H27O5		None	None	None	4888.88	5101.62	6242.29	5518.06	4008.7	5280.58	4800.62	5192.22	5876.62	4434.15	5057.21	4825.56	4548.55	5194.83	3665.69	3066.82	4038.89	5639.93	4357.0	3282.94	4627.79	4723.0	4267.96	5489.74	3887.42	4657.22	3888.71	3645.3	5467.8	3925.78	4067.22	4304.91	3600.3	2848.86	4342.08	5182.37	4957.4	4098.15	3800.31	
358.2257003_MZ	Kinetensin 1-3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Kinetensin 1-3 is a fraction of Kinetensin with only Ile-Ala-Arg peptide chain. Kinetensin is a nonapeptide, originally isolated from pepsin-treated plasma that shares some sequence homology with the C-terminal end of neurotensin, serum albumin and angiotensin. It is a potent histamine releaser in rodents and may serve as an inflammatory mediator.	C15H31N6O4		None	None	None	2714.63	2416.63	3541.34	2519.52	2159.22	2432.47	3177.76	3909.77	2937.25	2241.84	2193.32	1200.55	2071.57	2705.12	1887.53	2838.41	2000.84	3064.66	1995.07	1343.89	1993.9	2579.03	2496.9	2832.34	1457.84	2293.48	3937.77	1099.88	2777.59	2582.1	2023.66	2052.59	1458.85	1130.88	1835.67	1527.22	2458.63	1632.08	1238.41	
361.2034545_MZ	Cortisol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is involved in the response to stress; The main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. As an oral or injectable drug, cortisol is also known as hydrocortisone. It is used as an immunosuppressive drug, given by injection in the treatment of severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis and angioedema, in place of prednisolone in patients who need steroid treatment but cannot take oral medication, and peri-operatively in patients on long-term steroid treatment to prevent an Addisonian crisis. Cortisol or Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is involved in the response to stress. It increases blood pressure, blood sugar levels, may cause infertility in women, and suppresses the immune system. Its synthetic counterpart (hydrocortisone) is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. Cortisol is synthesized from pregnenolone. The amount of cortisol present in the serum undergoes diurnal variation, with the highest levels present in the early morning, and lower levels in the evening, several hours after the onset of sleep. Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is involved in the response to stress; it increases blood pressure, blood sugar levels, may cause infertility in women, and suppresses the immune system. Synthetic cortisol, also known as hydrocortisone, is used as a drug mainly to fight allergies and inflammation; it increases blood pressure, blood sugar levels, may cause infertility in women, and suppresses the immune system. Synthetic cortisol, also known as hydrocortisone, is used as a drug mainly to fight allergies and inflammation.	C21H30O5, 18-Hydroxycorticosterone, 17a,21-Dihydroxy-5b-pregnane-3,11,20-trione		None	None	None	16879.5	7256.47	11400.1	14985.5	122073.0	76425.5	33919.2	13387.3	93005.2	43791.7	45248.4	11386.0	15418.2	87926.6	17471.0	33185.2	15464.3	39982.6	15199.4	27231.7	8811.29	9011.32	16275.3	21919.0	32757.7	24281.6	16691.7	21799.8	13528.1	15271.4	14125.1	20511.9	10568.8	65690.2	12787.3	32381.8	35484.0	7763.5	33180.0	
361.3106681_MZ	Monoacylglyceride Phosphate with formula C21H42O3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-(1Z-octadecenyl)-sn-glycerol is an ether lipid. Ether lipids are lipids in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C21H42O3		None	None	None	951.009	963.332	945.273	1015.49	1376.6	1013.68	1107.41	1066.34	992.294	954.27	1254.76	977.964	1288.11	1048.54	772.763	1506.65	886.716	1196.71	1061.95	725.434	1188.16	1191.13	855.025	1029.24	1073.67	848.765	1207.6	805.318	1113.22	760.124	797.218	1038.33	1011.45	1167.77	836.94	903.342	1073.51	909.112	1167.29	
362.0497559_MZ	Guanosine monophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Guanosine 5'-monophosphate. A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.	C10H14N5O8P, 8-Oxo-dGMP		None	None	None	260258.0	231459.0	386618.0	343324.0	345974.0	265013.0	414659.0	228071.0	533082.0	223460.0	219370.0	288479.0	285905.0	379962.0	200458.0	283293.0	348686.0	292456.0	222781.0	395482.0	317374.0	214036.0	559186.0	272579.0	350943.0	319656.0	264501.0	284522.0	277172.0	234913.0	205346.0	306065.0	275533.0	266750.0	497883.0	318257.0	266656.0	505574.0	298715.0	
363.0331970_MZ	Xanthylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Xanthylic acid is an important metabolic intermediate in the Purine Metabolism, and is a product or substrate of the enzymes Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.205), Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8), Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.22), 5'-Ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.5), Ap4A hydrolase (EC 3.6.1.17), Nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.19), Phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase (EC 6.3.4.1), and glutamine amidotransferase (EC 6.3.5.2). (KEGG) Xanthylic acid can also be used in quantitative measurements of the Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activities in purine metabolism. This measurement is important for optimal thiopurine therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). (PMID: 16725387).	C10H13N4O9P		None	None	None	6556.26	7761.15	8124.48	5283.65	7422.52	11150.1	7981.43	6265.88	7840.56	7970.58	8766.11	10320.9	7190.4	8617.94	5820.84	6235.42	6826.82	6590.79	7731.85	8195.59	8400.29	6231.23	7190.01	7546.15	9378.92	6842.56	5502.7	9599.4	11937.8	7983.26	5165.92	6188.41	5541.32	8357.52	7421.94	9034.76	7583.15	7336.07	7934.06	
363.1804711_MZ	12-oxo-10,11-dihydro-20-COOH-LTB4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	12-oxo-10,11-dihydro-20-COOH-LTB4 is formed when leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is metabolized by beta-oxidation. LTB4 is the major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Leukotrienes are metabolites of arachidonic acid derived from the action of 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase). The immediate product of 5-LO is LTA4 (leukotriene A4), which is enzymatically converted into either LTB4 (leukotriene B4) by LTA4 hydrolase or LTC4 (leukotriene C4) by LTC4 synthase. The regulation of leukotriene production occurs at various levels, including expression of 5-LO, translocation of 5-LO to the perinuclear region and phosphorylation to either enhance or inhibit the activity of 5-LO. Biologically active LTB4 is metabolized by w-oxidation carried out by specific cytochrome P450s (CYP4F) followed by beta-oxidation from the w-carboxy position and after CoA ester formation. (PMID: 8632343, 9667737). Leukotrienes are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C20H28O6		None	None	None	5256.69	5078.15	8788.95	5835.04	6198.26	9597.53	5832.49	6761.43	6232.61	6362.71	6715.59	5511.42	4933.43	8827.7	6463.16	4374.44	5145.79	7237.74	4457.99	3853.72	5551.07	5026.94	6776.43	8360.73	4312.73	8249.4	5387.42	4750.21	7259.59	4780.59	5710.53	4995.36	3895.91	4548.82	4685.42	5743.43	5485.04	4389.93	4643.98	
363.2370483_MZ	16(17)-EpDPE	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	16(17)-EpETE is the DHA homolog of 14(15)-EpETrE, derived via epoxidation of the 16,17-double bond of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The EDHF (endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor) activity of 16(17)-EpDPE has not yet been determined. The epoxygenase metabolites of DHA have also been detected in a murine inflammation model (PMID: 12391014). EDHF is an unidentified mediator released from vascular endothelial cells in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin which is distinct from the NOS- (nitric oxide) and COX-derived (prostacyclin) vasodilators (PMID: 9504399, 10519554). Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids produces epoxides such as 14(15)-EpETrE which are prime candidates for the actual active mediator (PMID: 9401962). However, the CYP450 metabolites of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been little studied relative to arachidonate epoxygenase metabolites.	C22H32O3, 17-HDoHE		None	None	None	5306.85	4472.1	5457.6	4507.24	6650.88	4843.67	5497.65	6300.91	6251.58	5479.23	4759.89	4354.44	4959.63	5515.33	2961.36	5954.44	3961.85	7230.86	4189.49	3938.44	4599.57	5555.0	4122.72	5105.72	4858.26	4488.34	5583.22	3754.76	4399.14	4126.89	3995.68	5811.45	3671.63	4765.04	4295.93	4342.27	4950.35	3673.5	5110.6	
363.2891464_MZ	2-Arachidonyl Glycerol ether	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C23H40O3		None	None	None	2295.3	2053.84	1965.27	1411.97	1681.5	3224.83	1801.97	2737.86	1846.64	1970.86	1879.13	1603.46	1920.85	3434.98	1735.33	2743.62	1883.75	2544.71	1926.41	1268.02	1739.93	2618.28	1617.35	1980.1	1331.07	1712.71	2661.2	1340.85	2382.19	1720.29	1592.26	2069.25	1652.78	1583.33	1688.46	1472.59	1960.09	1271.02	1161.06	
363.3263954_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C21H44O3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C21H44O3		None	None	None	1828.46	1476.97	1374.22	1086.72	1267.01	1020.0	1457.41	1762.59	1192.26	1207.13	1185.4	1170.62	1995.87	942.255	1185.73	2300.97	1029.55	1760.8	1180.32	1015.95	1530.82	1540.93	1021.61	1440.98	1077.05	1079.48	1907.55	1040.16	1282.97	1077.74	961.356	1400.62	1361.48	1104.49	1148.91	858.421	1301.51	914.488	1232.15	
365.1956454_MZ	20-Carboxyleukotriene B4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	20-Carboxyleukotriene B4 is an omega-oxidized metabolite of leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Neutrophil microsomes are known to oxidize 20-hydroxy-LTB4 (20-OH-LTB4) to its 20-oxo and 20-carboxy derivatives in the presence of NADPH. This activity has been ascribed to LTB4 omega-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450LTB omega). Leukotriene B4 release from polymorphonuclear granulocytes of severely burned patients was reduced as compared to healthy donor cells. This decrease is due to an enhanced conversion of LTB4 into the 20-hydroxy- and 20-carboxy-metabolites and further to a decreased LTB4-synthesis. LTB4 is the major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Leukotrienes are metabolites of arachidonic acid derived from the action of 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase). The immediate product of 5-LO is LTA4 (leukotriene A4), which is enzymatically converted into either LTB4 (leukotriene B4) by LTA4 hydrolase or LTC4 (leukotriene C4) by LTC4 synthase. The regulation of leukotriene production occurs at various levels, including expression of 5-LO, translocation of 5-LO to the perinuclear region and phosphorylation to either enhance or inhibit the activity of 5-LO. Biologically active LTB4 is metabolized by w-oxidation carried out by specific cytochrome P450s (CYP4F) followed by beta-oxidation from the w-carboxy position and after CoA ester formation. Other specific pathways of leukotriene metabolism include the 12-hydroxydehydrogenase/ 15-oxo-prostaglandin-13-reductase that form a series of conjugated diene metabolites that have been observed to be excreted into human urine. Metabolism of LTC4 occurs by sequential peptide cleavage reactions involving a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase that forms LTD4 (leukotriene D4) and a membrane-bound dipeptidase that converts LTD4 into LTE4 (leukotriene E4) before w-oxidation. These metabolic transformations of the primary leukotrienes are critical for termination of their biological activity, and defects in expression of participating enzymes may be involved in specific genetic disease. (PMID 17623009, 7633595, 2155225, 3039534)Leukotrienes are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C20H30O6, 20-COOH-10_11-dihydro-LTB4		None	None	None	8452.17	8053.89	11621.9	10094.2	9038.84	11528.8	8577.0	9413.54	9835.28	8577.0	10717.6	7219.1	7565.36	16564.8	9886.83	6787.77	7490.4	13759.4	6711.2	5740.24	8835.91	8630.84	10625.6	13526.9	6146.83	12229.9	7176.21	7036.42	11083.0	7519.8	7781.55	8136.35	5876.01	7869.24	7100.23	7393.88	7580.06	6730.91	6749.92	
365.2328890_MZ	Tetrahydrocortisol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetrahydrocortisol is the most powerful natural angiostatic steroid. It is involved in C21-Steroid hormone metabolism pathway (KEGG).	C21H34O5, 3b-Allotetrahydrocortisol, 5a-Tetrahydrocortisol, Cortolone, Beta-Cortolone		None	None	None	16263.0	10187.3	14664.4	13092.6	75964.4	11492.8	36812.9	17309.6	47453.9	33711.0	11475.4	10510.3	23608.4	42435.9	9674.63	45227.2	15297.6	45921.8	20703.2	17358.2	11962.4	14742.0	18310.2	23095.6	22487.2	21889.1	20100.7	20545.7	15065.9	15926.2	14160.3	32938.1	10718.2	40883.3	12367.0	32445.8	19311.9	11413.3	12705.0	
365.3417249_MZ	Nervonic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nervonic acid is a long chain unsaturated fatty acid that is enriched in sphingomyelin. It consists of choline, sphingosine, phosphoric acid, and fatty acid. Nervonic acid may enhance the brain functions and prevent demyelination (Chemical Land21). Research shows that there is negative relationship between nervonic acid and obesity-related risk factors (PMID: 16394593). Demyelination in adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is associated with an accumulation of very long chain saturated fatty acids stemming from a genetic defect in the peroxisomal beta oxidation system responsible for the chain shortening of these fatty acids. Sphingolipids from post mortem ALD brain have decreased levels of nervonic acid, 24:1(n-9), and increased levels of stearic acid, 18:0. (PMID: 8072429).	C24H46O2		None	None	None	5349.22	4000.09	5209.5	3603.86	5331.17	3445.46	5842.95	7056.82	4981.43	3488.67	4171.08	3993.49	9736.06	3600.36	3053.48	8810.79	3488.68	6451.26	3026.65	3615.42	4672.78	5055.23	5123.03	4538.1	4887.48	4592.54	7314.34	2781.3	3991.8	4086.06	3879.8	5994.52	4660.09	4840.2	3593.15	2698.19	4335.48	4358.11	4566.06	
366.2638242_MZ	3_ 5-Tetradecadiencarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C21H37NO4		None	None	None	1605.92	1697.75	1196.83	746.568	2492.64	2748.3	1630.45	2092.45	2068.62	1652.08	1392.25	1208.24	1570.56	2545.92	1275.45	2824.58	1493.85	2471.24	1297.55	1345.55	1511.52	1784.58	1279.05	1738.28	1117.74	1436.57	2230.22	1467.43	2143.64	1533.43	1681.65	1468.32	993.35	1368.06	1086.7	1360.84	1821.02	1198.94	1360.36	
367.0176252_MZ	Orotidylic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Orotidylic acid (OMP), is a pyrimidine nucleotide which is the last intermediate in the biosynthesis of uridine monophosphate. Decarboxylation by Orotidylate decarboxylase affords Uridine 5'-phosphate which is the route to Uridine and its derivatives de novo and consequently one of the most important processes in nucleic acid synthesis (Dictionary of Organic Compounds). In humans, the enzyme UMP synthase converts OMP into uridine 5'- monophosphate. If UMP synthase is defective, orotic aciduria can result. (Wikipedia).	C10H13N2O11P		None	None	None	55784.3	37051.2	23991.5	22336.7	26086.1	43034.9	36945.8	42181.4	18462.4	16085.6	24309.3	13880.2	22671.7	17110.0	65242.9	48529.8	24641.7	34480.1	51608.8	10883.0	24939.2	33427.8	22325.0	24959.4	20782.9	39568.5	49080.7	21883.8	26916.6	44088.9	34437.0	39421.4	18429.0	14235.6	17839.3	21776.4	36151.6	23206.2	12381.9	
367.1038923_MZ	Riboflavin reduced	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Riboflavin reduced is an intermediate in the metabolism of Porphyrin and chlorophyll. It is a substrate for Flavin reductase.	C15H16N4O6		None	None	None	14703.3	11908.0	11317.0	9293.65	7380.5	36375.6	9650.84	6432.6	7603.6	21775.6	17301.5	13788.0	9201.72	14732.1	24672.3	7715.56	10043.0	10072.4	14334.2	7506.12	13807.2	7293.92	5569.44	13658.8	13396.6	8176.42	15203.6	23257.6	16179.5	8565.95	17277.9	7999.91	9999.99	6658.76	7842.52	37183.4	14589.3	6842.65	8032.71	
367.2119523_MZ	19-Hydroxy-PGE2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	19-Hydroxy-PGE2 is a derivative of PGE2. Both 19-Hydroxy-PGE1 and 19-hydroxy-PGE2 are formed from PGE1 and PGE2 by prostaglandin 19-hydroxylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme, in seminal vesicles (PMID: 3196735). 19-Hydroxy-PGE2 is a selective prostanoid EP2-receptor agonist; it doesn't stimulate FP-receptors, and is devoid of activity on thromboxane A2, prostaglandin D2 and prostacyclin sensitive receptors. 19-OH PGE2 is formed in large quantities from PGE2 in human seminal plasma. PGE2 is the most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It has important effects in labour and also stimulates osteoblasts to release factors which stimulate bone resorption by osteoclasts (a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue by removing the bone's mineralized matrix). (PMID: 16978535, 8248550, 817207). Dinoprostone is a naturally occurring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It has important effects in labour and also stimulates osteoblasts to release factors which stimulate bone resorption by osteoclasts (a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue by removing the bone's mineralized matrix). PGE2 has been shown to increase vasodilation and cAMP production, to enhance the effects of bradykinin and histamine, to induce uterine contractions and to activate platelet aggregation. PGE2 is also responsible for maintaining the open passageway of the fetal ductus arteriosus; decreasing T-cell proliferation and lymphocyte migration and activating the secretion of IL-1alpha and IL-2. PGE2 exhibits both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly on dendritic cells (DC). Depending on the nature of maturation signals, PGE2 has different and sometimes opposite effects on DC biology. PGE2 exerts an inhibitory action, reducing the maturation of DC and their ability to present antigen. PGE2 has also been shown to stimulate DC and promote IL-12 production when given in combination with TNF-alpha. PGE2 is an environmentally bioactive substance. Its action is prolonged and sustained by other factors especially IL-10. It modulates the activities of professional DC by acting on their differentiation, maturation and their ability to secrete cytokines. PGE2 is a potent inducer of IL-10 in bone marrow-derived DC (BM-DC), and PGE2-induced IL-10 is a key regulator of the BM-DC pro-inflammatory phenotype. (PMID: 16978535)Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C20H32O6, 6,15-Diketo,13,14-dihydro-PGF1a, Prostaglandin G2, 20-Hydroxy-PGE2, 6-Ketoprostaglandin E1, 11-Dehydro-thromboxane B2, Thromboxane B3, 5(6)-Epoxy Prostaglandin E1		None	None	None	9214.64	8088.5	14139.3	9082.59	12195.3	15411.2	10467.2	10901.3	9567.81	9934.24	13604.9	9766.91	9804.02	16371.0	10173.2	6452.92	7909.96	12871.9	6746.17	5754.98	10360.7	7952.48	11011.4	20264.2	7136.79	12058.2	7541.7	7392.9	13364.9	8063.42	9387.91	8719.02	6588.66	8607.8	7569.96	7555.36	7719.7	6809.68	12273.1	
367.3572055_MZ	Tetracosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lignoceric acid, also tetracosanoic acid, is a normal carboxylic acid, a very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA). Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are exclusively oxidized in peroxisomes and their levels are significantly increased in tissues of patients with peroxisomal disorders. (PMID 15565636).	C24H48O2		None	None	None	25656.2	29973.1	26569.6	23790.8	24754.3	22916.8	29608.5	29585.4	25042.8	20696.7	25968.7	23287.0	23011.7	24595.7	17145.2	47599.9	23610.6	31810.1	22628.6	23797.7	24072.0	34834.9	21803.6	26047.5	20390.8	22678.4	32276.9	22375.4	24562.5	23893.8	24164.4	23674.3	27041.5	22791.8	17689.3	21358.3	28418.7	22367.3	31506.9	
369.2064388_MZ	Prostaglandin E3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Prostaglandin E3 is from the cyclooxygenase metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid.Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C20H30O5, 8-iso-15-keto-PGE2, Prostaglandin D3, 15-Keto-prostaglandin E2, Resolvin E1		None	None	None	10699.5	13100.9	20887.1	14397.7	13855.9	13352.6	24720.9	13409.3	14104.8	11872.8	16576.0	2908.95	15506.0	13889.5	9269.83	8166.11	9734.89	10613.3	8100.39	3423.71	14444.0	7598.65	14603.6	13022.3	2745.16	11707.8	13035.2	2563.38	16587.0	14451.0	14100.8	8442.91	5488.11	2478.84	8867.37	3251.57	9368.68	10112.4	2833.14	
371.0322032_MZ	Petunidin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Petunidin is an anthocyanin. Anthocyanins are water soluble pigments belonging to the flavonoids compound family involved in nature in a wide range of functions such as flowers, fruits, and seeds pigmentation to attract pollinators, to disperse seeds, to protect against UV light damage, and in plant defense to protect against pathogen attack. Because anthocyanins impart much of the color and flavor of fruits and vegetables, they are usually components of the human diet and are not only considered exclusively as food products but also as therapeutic agents; in fact, anthocyanins have been suggested to protect against oxidative stress, coronary heart diseases, certain cancers, and other age-related diseases. At least part of these presumed health-promoting features can be attributed to the antioxidant properties of these compounds whose chemical structure appears ideal for free radical scavenging. (PMID: 16277406).	C16H13ClO7		None	None	None	8357.87	7560.36	7699.1	7058.91	7704.65	11448.7	8496.39	7181.61	7656.3	8342.81	8022.78	8831.93	7049.35	8730.97	11257.3	9777.52	8782.85	7489.76	9601.79	7678.22	7912.14	7154.56	6889.9	8401.3	9310.64	7915.36	9023.56	9005.04	8643.9	8754.31	9593.44	8282.58	5737.44	7635.16	7886.39	8971.07	10697.9	6889.61	6725.33	
373.2013602_MZ	11beta,20-Dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11b,20-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid or DHOPA is a major metabolite of corticosterone that is typically elevated in the liver. The in vivo conversion of corticosterone to DHOPA is thought to proceed via the aldehyde intermediate 11b-hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-21-al. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), is known to convert corticosterone to the gem-diol form of the aldehyde. Because CYP3A4 is highly abundant in the liver, the conversion of corticosterone to its aldehyde presumably occurs readily, and the formation of DHOPA by isomerization of the aldehyde. DHOPA has also been identified as a biomarker that is elevated (50 X) in animals that have been treated with PPARalpha agonists. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is a nuclear receptor with manifold effects on intermediary metabolism (PMID: 17550978).	C22H30O5		None	None	None	8060.39	11235.7	16215.3	13434.4	16500.1	18962.8	12877.4	8080.6	13965.7	12630.7	22069.5	8288.0	12857.3	16373.9	7854.48	3702.06	7536.08	6847.86	7318.17	6257.7	15262.0	5064.43	11257.6	12981.9	6022.7	9912.06	6369.3	4719.89	17516.6	9022.59	13769.3	6304.93	4885.74	5722.8	8385.97	7121.17	8517.7	7940.29	9843.95	
373.2754081_MZ	3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid is a monohydroxy bile acid of endogenous origin. It is found in biologic fluids beginning in fetal life. (PMID 5567561; 4803245; 93138) Large amounts of 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid could be found in children with the syndrome of hepatic ductular hypoplasia (PMID 3987031).	C24H38O3		None	None	None	6015.44	7280.06	4675.44	3868.5	8063.32	148528.0	7012.0	6582.74	26859.9	25168.6	8686.6	5923.16	32964.0	106135.0	3029.49	8882.12	37270.0	25510.5	5942.93	5093.88	4888.04	9713.37	6642.19	9239.58	4960.98	8554.11	10253.7	4094.88	5089.83	15460.1	3887.9	37084.0	5387.37	6708.8	4254.15	3616.39	54084.2	5179.36	7420.36	
374.2620036_MZ	6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3) is one of the n-3 PUFA and is a very long chain fatty acid. Distribution of 24:6n-3 in marine organisms was investigated by several researchers. Takagi et al. reported relatively high contents of 24:6n-3 in sea lilies and brittle stars (4&#8211;10% of total fatty acids). High 24:6n-3 content was also found in marine coelenterates. In some edible fishes, 24:6n-3 was detected at significant levels (0&#8211;10% of total fatty acids).The existence of 24:6n-3 in mammalian tissues was reported with other very long chain fatty acids in the spermatozoa,the retina, and the brain. Voss et al. reported that 24:6n-3 is formed as an intermediate in the metabolic pathway from 20:5n-3 to 22:6n-3 in rat liver. Even though 24:6n-3 is a PUFA existing in fish and mammalian species, physiological functions of 24:6n-3 have not been studied. As functions to be studied, anti-inflammatory and antiallergic. effects of 24:6n-3 are noteworthy because these events are known to be closely related to the unsaturated fatty acid metabolism such as in the arachidonic acid cascade, and 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were reported to suppress inflammatory actions by influencing arachidonic acid metabolism.s24:6n-3 could inhibit the antigen-stimulated production of LT-related compounds as well as other n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic. acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), which are major n-3 PUFA in fish oils; 24:6n-3 was also shown to reduce the histamine content in MC/9 cells at 25 uM (27% reduction from the control), and the effect was diminished with increase of the fatty acid concentration (up to 100 uM). These two n-3 PUFA, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, also reduced the histamine content (16 and 20% reduction at 25 &#956;M, respectively), whereas arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) increased it (18% increase at 25 &#956;M).	C24H35O2		None	None	None	858.663	801.293	727.284	699.108	807.788	1137.11	670.773	1192.81	902.806	801.611	778.047	598.358	815.209	971.315	492.782	713.872	724.094	994.017	626.335	490.757	809.27	878.877	2249.87	2663.92	547.518	2366.53	728.118	491.558	919.521	509.121	719.985	634.41	621.945	453.223	602.374	578.786	888.723	480.633	673.632	
375.1301259_MZ	Riboflavin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Riboflavin or vitamin B2 is an easily absorbed, water-soluble micronutrient with a key role in maintaining human health. Like the other B vitamins, it supports energy production by aiding in the metabolizing of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Vitamin B2 is also required for red blood cell formation and respiration, antibody production, and for regulating human growth and reproduction. It is essential for healthy skin, nails, hair growth and general good health, including regulating thyroid activity. Riboflavin is found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. Riboflavin is yellow or orange-yellow in color and in addition to being used as a food coloring it is also used to fortify some foods. It can be found in baby foods, breakfast cereals, sauces, processed cheese, fruit drinks and vitamin-enriched milk products. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide.	C17H20N4O6		None	None	None	5450.31	4844.77	8223.36	6707.65	5109.3	6990.71	5756.84	5439.78	5276.01	6591.71	5270.38	5711.61	3721.51	7325.16	6819.94	2898.83	6038.39	5933.95	5034.88	3376.9	6169.64	4174.68	5390.39	6924.56	4224.32	5868.21	5204.12	4338.14	6831.1	5045.73	8331.07	4363.6	3271.56	3228.14	4499.91	5101.73	4948.79	4701.76	5114.54	
375.2191795_MZ	Resolvin D2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Resolvin D2 is an autacoid resolvin. Autacoids are chemical mediators including the families of resolvins and protectins, defined by their potent bioactions and novel chemical structures. The bioactive local mediators, or autacoids, that require enzymatic generation from the omega-3 essential fatty acid EPA were first identified in resolving inflammatory exudates in vivo and carry potent stereoselective biological actions. Resolvins of the E (RvE) series are derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Those derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were termed resolvins of the D series, for example resolvin D1 (RvD1).Resolvins and protectins have specific stereoselective actions which evoke biological actions in the nanogram range in vivo and are natural exudate products. Resolvins and protectins as distinct chemical families join the lipoxins as potent agonists of endogenous anti-inflammation and are proresolving chemical mediators of interest in human disease as potential new approaches to treatment. The term resolvins (resolution-phase interaction products) was first introduced to signify that these new structures were endogenous mediators, biosynthesized in the resolution phase of inflammatory exudates, possessing very potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory actions. These actions include reducing neutrophil traffic, regulating cytokine and reactive oxygen species, and lowering the magnitude of the response. In recent years, investigators have recognized inflammation as playing a key role in many prevalent diseases not previously considered to be of inflammatory etiology. These include Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, which now join those well-appreciated inflammatory disorders such as arthritis and periodontal disease. Identifying the molecular mechanism(s) that underlie the many reports of the benefits of dietary omega-3 PUFAs remains an important challenge for nutrition and medicine. Thus, that these new mediator families, resolvins and protectins, are biosynthesized from EPA and DHA, act locally, and possess potent, novel bioactions is of interest to researchers. (PMID: 17090225).	C22H32O5, Resolvin D1, 11beta-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid		None	None	None	6850.66	7344.74	9696.47	10835.2	7770.06	11530.1	7915.06	8209.84	9605.08	7136.5	11466.5	7970.05	6269.49	10227.0	6733.57	5779.71	5400.42	7696.85	6055.95	4649.68	8768.76	6314.6	6974.41	8382.73	6135.43	6825.93	5290.97	5413.89	10177.4	6458.04	7209.15	7148.76	5234.35	4592.4	6647.16	6710.02	7185.07	5726.5	5978.72	
375.2910198_MZ	Allolithocholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Allolithocholic acid is a bile acid present in normal serum and feces, with a tendency to be at higher concentrations in patients with colon cancer, particularly in men (PMID 16548228). A bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C24H40O3, Isoallolithocholic acid, Isolithocholic acid, Lithocholic acid, 12b-Hydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 7a-Hydroxy-5b-cholanic acid		None	None	None	15956.9	9013.04	8869.32	7353.1	23753.8	232721.0	15220.4	15249.1	33592.9	37872.0	17051.5	9037.18	63953.0	162892.0	5266.55	29382.5	37223.7	41399.6	13117.5	12927.4	9732.16	24715.1	15180.2	13413.2	13467.7	15735.0	19313.8	8615.83	9355.98	19828.3	8684.38	88335.3	12139.5	25488.2	11142.3	7442.92	101604.0	16704.6	13016.0	
376.1168964_MZ	Kinetin-7-N-glucoside	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Kinetin-7-N-glucoside is the product of the reaction between kinetin and UDP-D-glucose, with UDP as a co-product. The reaction is catalyzed by a UDP glycosyltransferase.	C16H19N5O6, Kinetin-9-N-glucoside		None	None	None	20327.3	19608.8	28097.9	20577.7	26108.2	27243.8	22863.1	24949.0	17574.4	15156.4	15288.7	64983.2	19001.2	23867.4	44197.3	22274.0	26903.6	23811.9	18785.4	32784.8	17111.0	17804.8	19353.7	23721.7	45861.8	29051.4	26241.9	27503.6	18751.0	29739.4	26073.8	27269.6	14929.4	31227.1	22202.9	41016.1	19101.5	15512.0	33370.2	
377.1374727_MZ	2-Phenylaminoadenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Selective A2 adenosine receptor agonist; potent coronary vasodilator; weak inhibitor of adenosine uptake by rat cerebral cortical synaptosomes; used as a vasodilator agent; is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, acting at its four G protein coupled receptors. Topical treatment of adenosine to foot wounds in diabetes mellitus has been shown in lab animals to drastically increase tissue repair and reconstruction. Topical administration of adenosine for use in wound healing deficiencies and diabetes mellitus in humans is currently under clinical investigation. Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a beta-N9-glycosidic bond.	C16H18N6O4		None	None	None	11383.9	6960.92	16114.5	16395.9	6011.85	14516.8	8601.65	12599.7	6306.46	11733.5	6836.71	8183.33	5388.32	9340.73	10974.6	4884.8	10430.9	11175.6	11713.6	8004.69	12125.9	8241.4	11225.9	11138.5	11087.1	7735.78	10721.3	12475.5	12466.0	14834.0	13042.9	8002.7	5899.46	5608.33	10809.8	13072.0	18353.0	7830.4	9729.01	
377.1958660_MZ	18-Hydroxycortisol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	18-Hydroxycortisol is a derivative of cortIsolated It may be synthesized by zona fasciculata 11-beta hydroxylase in normal human adrenal cortex. (PMID 15356073; 1751390) Overproduction of 18-hydroxycortisol is an aid in the detection of Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism which is an inherited form of mineralocorticoid excess associated with moderate overproduction of aldosterone, in which biochemical and clinical remission is dramatically induced by small amounts of glucocorticoids.(PMID: 1879399).	C21H30O6		None	None	None	12935.2	13312.1	13790.5	13529.4	16988.3	15753.7	16530.0	14733.9	15187.1	16129.2	13428.0	10560.4	13380.8	24908.7	10787.3	17069.0	12724.7	25566.1	11795.7	18670.1	11944.3	14101.9	13751.1	17146.1	10261.3	17487.0	18975.2	12132.8	13839.2	11275.9	13853.2	13859.6	10651.4	24527.3	10785.1	12332.9	15599.2	10069.4	11447.1	
377.3038769_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C21H42O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/18:0/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C21H42O4		None	None	None	8553.31	8375.02	10500.8	6899.58	9264.73	14879.9	9243.44	9533.85	8328.15	10505.3	12866.1	10526.4	12160.7	11388.3	7533.77	8729.42	9888.78	9441.82	7647.22	7832.46	11889.7	9566.33	8012.9	9645.39	7668.2	9244.17	10339.7	6964.82	12438.7	8104.67	7122.68	10902.5	9457.98	8715.22	7612.67	7288.03	9100.6	7425.84	8765.39	
378.0968719_MZ	S-Lactoylglutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-Lactoylglutathione is a substrate of lactoylglutathione lyase [EC 4.4.1.5] in pyruvate metabolism (KEGG). Another enzyme, glyoxalase I, synthesizes this compound by converting methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione to S-lactoylglutathione. S-D-lactoylglutathione can be hydrolysed by thiolesterases to reduced glutathione and D-lactate but also converted to N-D-lactoylcysteinylglycine and N-D-lactoylcysteine by gamma-glutamyl transferase and dipeptidase (PMID: 8632674). S-lactoylglutathione has also been shown to modulate microtubule assembly (PMID: 690442).	C13H21N3O8S		None	None	None	30966.9	33089.2	41196.3	27008.1	69981.9	35708.9	47816.7	44017.7	48075.6	30518.6	24703.2	31331.3	21879.2	49993.9	62380.4	37702.3	39298.1	51316.4	47638.5	13476.0	21838.2	22231.3	61862.1	27667.3	30114.4	69193.3	44986.3	25789.2	31969.7	93078.1	50572.7	49909.5	20931.1	34214.5	20330.5	28133.7	48585.3	26154.1	17504.0	
378.2139603_MZ	Donepezil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Donepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept (Eisai), is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine. It has an oral bioavailability of 100% and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Because it has a half life of about 70 hours, it can be taken once a day. Initial dose is 5 mg per day, which can be increased to 10 mg per day after an adjustment period of at least 4 weeks. Donepezil is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine. It is well absorbed in the gut with an oral bioavailability of 100% and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Because it has a half life of about 70 hours, it can be taken once a day. Currently, there is no definitive proof that use of donepezil or other similar agents alters the course or progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, 6-12 month controlled studies have shown modest benefits in cognition and/or behavior. Pilot studies have reported that donepezil therapy may potentially have effects on markers of disease progression, such as hippocampal volume. Therefore, many neurologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians use donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In 2005, the UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) withdrew its recommendation for use of the drug for mild-to-moderate AD, on the basis that there is no significant improvement in functional outcome; Currently, there is no definitive proof that use of donepezil or other similar agents alters the course or progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, 6-12 month controlled studies have shown modest benefits in cognition and/or behavior. Pilot studies have reported that donepezil therapy may potentially have effects on markers of disease progression, such as hippocampal volume. Therefore, many neurologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians use donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In 2005, the UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) withdrew its recommendation for use of the drug for mild-to-moderate AD, on the basis that there is no significant improvement in functional outcome; of quality of life or of behavioral symptoms. However, NICE revised its guidelines to suggest that donepezil be used in moderate stage patients for whom the evidence is strongest. While the drug is currently indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer's, there is also evidence from 2 trials that it may be effective for moderate to severe disease. An example of this is a Karolinska Institute paper published in The Lancet in early 2006, which states that donepezil improves cognitive function even in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease symptoms. of quality of life or of behavioral symptoms. However, NICE revised its guidelines to suggest that donepezil be used in moderate stage patients for whom the evidence is strongest. While the drug is currently indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer's, there is also evidence from 2 trials that it may be effective for moderate to severe disease. An example of this is a Karolinska Institute paper published in The Lancet in early 2006, which states that donepezil improves cognitive function even in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease symptoms.	C24H29NO3		None	None	None	3100.37	3080.59	1822.41	2694.02	1891.9	2743.35	1920.46	1730.98	3507.77	2387.46	2267.54	1288.15	2177.43	2170.2	1817.2	1514.89	1479.22	2241.4	2519.03	1661.41	1875.29	3429.71	2408.58	3417.6	1299.62	1726.84	2010.51	1380.53	3477.88	1559.28	1900.45	1387.57	1175.98	1440.9	2506.43	1647.18	3260.49	2251.0	1311.33	
378.2359582_MZ	Sphingosine 1-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a phosphorylated sphingolipid metabolite with potent bioactive actions in the Sphingolipid metabolism, Calcium signaling pathway and Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Generated by sphingosine kinases and ceramide kinase, S1P control numerous aspects of cell physiology, including cell survival and mammalian inflammatory responses. S1P is involved in cyclooxygenase-2 induction (COX-2), and regulate production of eicosanoids (important inflammatory mediators). S1P functions mainly via G-protein-coupled receptors and probably also has intracellular targets. (PMID 16219683).	C18H38NO5P		None	None	None	2808.21	2478.43	2856.5	3064.77	2312.04	3027.89	2313.71	2816.58	3178.87	2094.18	2814.7	2736.04	2566.69	2992.92	1886.93	2319.52	1759.74	2931.39	2161.17	1719.37	2351.43	2649.99	2497.45	3095.55	2290.93	2170.44	2440.26	1558.33	2586.62	2321.87	2449.72	2366.63	1611.26	1848.93	2635.6	1962.93	2334.81	1894.28	2490.36	
379.0826881_MZ	Rosmarinic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Rosmarinic acid is an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid. It is commonly found in species of the Boraginaceae and the subfamily Nepetoideae of the Lamiaceae. It is a red-orange powder that is slightly soluble in water, but well soluble is most organic solvents. Rosmarinic acid is one of the polyphenolic substances contained in culinary herbs such as perilla (Perilla frutescens L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), mint (Mentha arvense L.), and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). These herbs are commonly grown in the garden as kitchen herbs, and while used to add flavor in cooking, are also known to have several potent physiological effects. (PMID: 12482446, 15120569).	C18H16O8		None	None	None	22577.6	25158.5	18355.2	32875.8	18894.0	38203.7	21369.9	15507.9	21716.9	98981.9	28119.1	22652.7	28617.5	46332.6	70516.8	37778.6	38230.3	37049.1	26858.2	19436.8	30777.9	18008.2	33296.0	23061.1	24873.4	62332.1	34865.2	41365.3	45397.9	25926.6	64786.9	21821.7	17693.7	16090.3	16544.8	49381.4	60113.8	16564.3	14283.3	
379.2489123_MZ	Bisnorcholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Bisnorcholic acid is one of a number of short side bile acids found in the urine from patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX). The presence these short side bile acids in urine of the CTX patients suggests that bile alcohols may be further degraded to these bile acids. (PMID: 2079611).	C22H36O5		None	None	None	10582.7	8737.39	9036.34	7411.84	7887.79	12795.2	8440.57	12360.5	8617.5	7166.97	9579.29	6422.36	12518.8	14063.9	8282.15	10438.0	8215.36	12168.9	8295.07	6137.23	7930.14	11266.1	8145.45	9906.77	6359.46	8673.25	9744.52	7539.4	10725.3	7466.1	7455.91	9280.47	7498.81	6696.47	8058.97	6420.25	7854.73	6568.96	6929.83	
380.2473955_MZ	Sphinganine 1-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphinganine 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Glycosphingolipids and sphingolipids. It is a substrate for Sphingosine kinase 1, Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2, Sphingosine kinase 2, Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1, Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 and Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3.	C18H40NO5P		None	None	None	2152.89	1867.27	3150.43	1801.78	2100.38	3003.81	3159.17	3856.86	1711.77	1840.56	2049.08	1448.64	3325.75	3438.92	1715.98	2793.52	1796.76	3303.82	1437.17	1045.12	2304.44	3171.58	1470.6	2367.88	1212.68	1926.43	3549.68	1610.39	2873.6	2702.54	1725.37	2330.31	1890.26	1419.68	1851.2	1330.85	1924.63	1616.77	1348.88	
381.1552403_MZ	1-(alpha-Methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)benzeneacetate)-beta-D-Glucopyranuronic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ibuprofen acyl glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of Ibuprofen generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C19H26O8		None	None	None	5073.86	5397.38	10653.3	5802.3	6177.87	7409.32	6562.24	8324.92	4909.12	6433.62	6339.87	4557.3	5968.47	8759.44	6767.55	4711.57	5808.52	8687.2	5442.42	4026.62	5515.85	5372.21	5242.05	7604.64	3879.92	5611.12	5615.57	4014.31	6732.92	5697.74	5432.62	5457.56	4230.07	4331.58	4395.9	5573.43	5455.95	4381.74	4283.57	
381.3001176_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C23H42O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C23H42O4		None	None	None	2335.24	2613.61	5419.15	1895.62	2736.95	2454.35	2770.94	5439.0	1883.82	1994.48	2332.82	1785.34	1956.29	3952.87	1968.63	3463.73	1684.02	5405.46	1998.78	1725.12	2027.96	2850.63	1838.41	3042.41	1467.92	2333.74	2862.78	1930.16	2619.84	1681.36	2092.56	2209.04	2439.4	1629.56	1610.1	1922.44	2495.09	1605.82	2419.63	
381.3726447_MZ	Pentacosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C25H50O2		None	None	None	9706.92	11247.3	10695.1	9040.46	9753.12	8461.7	10769.7	13155.8	9753.48	8163.67	9268.49	8763.31	8426.38	9233.04	6446.51	17050.8	8524.61	12216.3	8640.37	8090.41	8672.74	13719.6	8259.17	9549.62	7205.33	8671.78	12362.7	8170.75	8794.83	9162.12	8591.84	9136.76	10119.8	8426.51	6943.17	9294.47	10801.6	8503.42	11130.0	
382.1005898_MZ	Succinyladenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Succinyladenosine (SAdo) is one of the dephosphorylated enzyme substrate that accumulates in body fluids of patients with adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) deficiency, the other being 5-amino-4-imidazole-N-succinocarboxamide riboside (SAICAr). ADSL is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by various degrees of psychomotor retardation. (PMID 15902552). The severity of the clinical presentation correlates with a low S-Ado/SAICAr ratio in body fluids. (PMID: 15571235). Normally Succinyladenosine is not found in blood or CSF but may be detected in trace amounts in urine. (OMIM 103050).	C14H17N5O8		None	None	None	24143.8	20741.2	23659.4	17309.2	25404.8	34139.4	20158.5	27056.3	25355.2	23893.5	21882.4	36672.4	39183.0	32662.5	25328.2	25378.2	29298.5	26025.3	25978.6	28351.9	27420.7	25008.4	24203.0	34569.3	31083.1	22002.5	32976.1	29767.8	24110.1	17654.4	24064.0	23659.7	21284.9	22777.3	29322.6	38470.2	24472.4	22643.5	23233.1	
382.1341321_MZ	N-Acetyllactosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Acetyllactosamine is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of Keratan sulfate and the biosynthesis of N-Glycan. It is a substrate for Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 4, Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2, Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1, Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 3 and CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase.	C14H25NO11, Beta-1,4-mannose-N-acetylglucosamine, Lacto-N-biose I, Poly-N-acetyllactosamine		None	None	None	4241.11	4107.81	5159.03	3963.85	4581.6	6393.73	3912.52	4259.29	4836.24	5312.01	5157.43	4890.17	5587.6	5840.08	4463.72	3662.59	4582.47	4871.45	4971.7	4454.92	5004.53	4123.08	3648.98	5498.46	4499.28	4026.94	3796.35	4371.63	4847.75	4436.87	3616.71	3623.16	4423.63	4461.05	4771.06	5721.35	4471.04	3747.02	4301.53	
382.1566239_MZ	Quetiapine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	The most common side effect is sedation, and is prescribed specifically for this effect in patients with sleep disorders. Seroquel will put the patient into a drowsy state, and will help the patient fall asleep. It is one of the most sedating of all anti psychotic drugs, rivaling even the most sedating older antipsychotics. Many prescriptions call for the entire dose to be taken before bedtime because of its sedative effects. Although quetiapine is approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, it is frequently prescribed for off-label purposes including insomnia or the treatment of anxiety disorders. Due to its sedative side effects, reports of quetiapine abuse (sometimes by insufflating crushed tablets) have emerged in medical literature; Quetiapine belongs to a series of neuroleptics known as atypical antipsychotics, which have become increasingly popular alternatives to typical antipsychotics such as haloperidol. Quetiapine HAS approvals for the treatment of schizophrenia and acute mania in bipolar disorder. It is also used off-label to treat other disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, alcoholism, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety disorders, hallucinations in Parkinson's disease patients using ropinirole, and as a sedative for those with sleep disorders. The most common side effect is sedation, and is prescribed specifically for this effect in patients with sleep disorders. Seroquel will put the patient into a drowsy state, and will help the patient fall asleep. It is one of the most sedating of all anti psychotic drugs, rivaling even the most sedating older antipsychotics. Many prescriptions call for the entire dose to be taken before bedtime because of its sedative effects. Although quetiapine is approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, it is frequently prescribed for off-label purposes including insomnia or the treatment of anxiety disorders. Due to its sedative side effects, reports of quetiapine abuse (sometimes by insufflating crushed tablets) have emerged in medical literature; for the same reason, abuse of other antipsychotics, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), may occur as well, but research related to the abuse of typical antipsychotics is limited. for the same reason, abuse of other antipsychotics, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), may occur as well, but research related to the abuse of typical antipsychotics is limited.	C21H25N3O2S		None	None	None	2133.63	2260.68	3168.38	1917.8	2226.36	3435.12	2255.7	2681.03	2338.52	2597.79	2574.96	2195.09	2615.63	3153.67	2411.99	1784.33	2132.92	2732.65	2135.08	1880.8	2481.37	2228.51	1965.02	2896.44	1733.73	2086.94	2082.4	1853.26	2874.88	2179.47	1937.18	1896.83	2307.63	1410.78	1907.45	2468.47	2441.31	1815.34	1600.15	
382.1900141_MZ	Isopentenyladenine-9-N-glucoside	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Isopentenyladenine-9-N-glucoside is produced when isopentenyladenine and UDP-D-glucose react, with UDP as a byproduct. The reaction is catalyzed by UDP glycosyltransferases.	C17H25N5O4		None	None	None	1922.29	2498.97	3242.79	2655.16	3119.53	6287.51	2741.6	2619.07	11341.6	11276.7	3447.58	2087.62	8030.23	8835.17	2524.17	1776.47	2518.08	3774.99	2049.9	1963.13	2730.17	2133.78	2317.53	3007.04	1815.14	2484.5	2054.87	1752.78	3047.33	2414.2	2796.51	2866.64	1583.26	1651.11	1893.85	2627.63	4547.18	1958.61	2645.08	
383.1165895_MZ	S-Adenosylhomocysteine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-Adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) is the immediate precursor of all of the homocysteine produced in the body. The reaction is catalyzed by S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and is reversible with the equilibrium favoring formation of AdoHcy. In vivo, the reaction is driven in the direction of homocysteine formation by the action of the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which converts the second product of the S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase reaction, adenosine, to inosine. Except for methyl transfer from betaine and from methylcobalamin in the methionine synthase reaction, AdoHcy is the product of all methylation reactions that involve S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl donor. Methylation is significant in epigenetic regulation of protein expression via DNA and histone methylation. The inhibition of these AdoMet-mediated processes by AdoHcy is a proven mechanism for metabolic alteration. Because the conversion of AdoHcy to homocysteine is reversible, with the equilibrium favoring the formation of AdoHcy, increases in plasma homocysteine are accompanied by an elevation of AdoHcy in most cases. Disturbances in the transmethylation pathway indicated by abnormal S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine or their ratio have been reported in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, depression or Parkinson's disease. (PMID: 18065573, 17892439).	C14H20N6O5S		None	None	None	129375.0	174821.0	124947.0	173173.0	129781.0	167103.0	107373.0	99182.8	155347.0	160944.0	176385.0	129376.0	127768.0	159813.0	183782.0	130348.0	178409.0	138794.0	187866.0	130492.0	153122.0	128553.0	136484.0	183662.0	125490.0	187980.0	118807.0	164684.0	174229.0	119007.0	138141.0	126472.0	77471.9	85582.6	145643.0	162460.0	198638.0	113174.0	123124.0	
383.3151382_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C23H44O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/20:1(11Z)/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C23H44O4		None	None	None	6501.48	5873.43	9420.95	5029.44	6033.34	5092.05	6123.16	10349.0	5686.97	4773.56	5682.31	4751.47	4973.57	6726.42	4331.28	8050.29	4962.18	10884.0	5331.18	4587.56	5284.28	8411.61	5083.28	6677.16	4469.29	5399.5	7784.34	4421.98	5527.42	5077.96	4844.28	6070.35	6581.91	5069.77	4201.68	4664.07	6004.26	4975.53	5735.22	
386.0157422_MZ	dCDP	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	dCDP is a substrate for Uridine-cytidine kinase 1, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (mitochondrial), Nucleoside diphosphate kinase homolog 5, Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 7, Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 chain, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6 and UMP-CMP kinase.	C9H15N3O10P2		None	None	None	46239.6	53431.5	34242.6	45027.2	37828.9	45891.1	45846.9	39578.9	37042.0	26627.3	41405.7	28206.9	33419.2	33163.3	185797.0	55735.8	31966.1	38166.9	44507.6	30004.9	36540.1	44962.4	66632.8	36595.5	29346.3	46667.3	51878.8	35149.2	35688.4	40988.0	129276.0	44228.6	24377.9	26892.2	35963.6	40612.0	52297.0	32985.6	26610.5	
387.0727512_MZ	Dopaxanthin quinone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Dopaxanthin quinone is produced by the reaction between dopaxanthin and oxygen, with water as a byproduct. A tyrosinase precursor enzyme catalyzes the reaction.	C18H16N2O8		None	None	None	3656.78	3702.67	5172.62	3583.23	3659.49	5842.04	4157.3	3738.79	3914.59	3734.59	4256.95	4706.32	3655.92	4598.12	4640.18	3807.8	3864.5	3957.97	3628.39	3568.94	3575.42	3390.69	3520.81	3956.41	3528.56	3781.38	3974.18	3829.01	5356.24	4520.38	2775.89	3602.55	3313.15	3860.98	4168.09	4287.16	4059.58	3346.93	3773.46	
389.1809847_MZ	Androsterone sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Androsterone sulfate (Andros-S) is the most abundant 5 alpha-reduced androgen metabolite in serum (PMID 8380602). Androsterone sulfate is clinically recognized as one of the major androgen metabolites found in urine. It is a cognate substrate for human dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase, which catalyzes the transfer of the sulfonate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (PMID 14573603).	C19H30O5S, Etiocholanolone sulfate, 5a-Dihydrotestosterone sulfate		None	None	None	22755.5	23349.2	9893.09	23717.6	6224.75	13999.8	5410.66	8132.51	20627.3	12058.2	10568.7	4785.47	8673.84	9080.95	6986.31	3797.55	6050.59	8012.03	19091.7	5131.5	9511.12	25273.6	15907.0	21938.4	4711.18	6464.01	5523.38	4291.85	26009.5	5007.72	6334.78	5387.3	4592.62	3349.16	17306.6	6230.17	21947.7	15587.9	3875.49	
390.2199962_MZ	9'-carboxy-gama-tocotrienol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	9'-carboxy-r-tocotrienol is a dehydrogenation carboxylate product of 9'-hydroxy-r-tocotrienol by an unidentified microsomal enzyme(s) probably via an aldehyde intermediate. Gamma-tocotrienol targets cancer cells by inhibiting Id1, a key cancer-promoting protein. Gamma-tocotrienol was shown to trigger cell apoptosis and well as anti-proliferation of cancer cells. This mechanism was also observed in separate prostate cancer and melanoma cell line studies.	C23H31O4		None	None	None	3395.02	3057.97	2711.64	3252.77	2038.24	2948.81	2189.65	2631.05	3254.1	2535.11	2592.15	1489.57	2485.98	2616.12	1846.13	1839.18	2054.77	2613.7	2410.65	1406.93	2262.92	2989.36	2855.24	3382.25	1241.34	2250.69	2161.8	1472.59	3901.94	2336.83	2208.21	2063.57	1735.34	1213.94	2584.36	1650.71	3008.09	2500.26	1341.52	
390.3090546_MZ	Tetradecanoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetradecanoylcarnitine is a human carnitine involved in b-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (PMID: 16425363).	C21H41NO4		None	None	None	1168.35	787.472	607.039	916.736	493.439	1220.18	567.376	580.296	713.748	550.437	570.124	419.845	727.576	2159.11	809.962	1175.61	588.627	1021.32	1115.06	459.166	677.34	1665.44	847.328	909.038	644.063	682.6	1066.92	650.431	1363.63	971.708	586.829	1026.49	875.595	751.289	1141.46	432.867	612.873	675.303	701.269	
391.2853342_MZ	3b,12a-Dihydroxy-5a-cholanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3b,12a-Dihydroxy-5a-cholanoic acid is a bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues.	C24H40O4, 3b,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 3a,7a-Dihydroxycholanoic acid, 3a,12b-Dihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 3b,12a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, Allodeoxycholic acid, Allochenodeoxycholic acid, Chenodeoxycholic acid, Deoxycholic acid, Isohyodeoxycholic acid, Isoursodeoxycholic acid, Hyodeoxycholic acid, Murocholic acid, Ursodeoxycholic acid, 7b,12a-Dihydroxycholanoic acid, 7a,12b-dihydroxy-5b-Cholan-24-oic acid, Isodeoxycholic acid, 3b,12b-Dihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid		None	None	None	44732.8	10995.3	18627.5	6007.74	7891.82	110943.0	8466.67	6837.46	4875.14	64357.5	71241.3	10948.8	100816.0	13368.6	5879.22	12464.9	11524.3	13608.7	26608.6	4803.74	53051.2	53991.4	6955.39	10047.8	11380.5	8985.74	10457.5	6969.45	344028.0	140986.0	7078.64	10758.6	9338.71	6567.33	6642.85	4684.26	10543.0	4957.95	4656.27	
393.1136604_MZ	Portulacaxanthin II	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Portulacaxanthin II is involved in betaxanthin biosynthesis (via dopaxanthin) pathway. This pathway demonstrates the formation of betaxanthins such as portulacaxanthin II and dopaxanthin by means of non-enzymatic condensation from the amino acids L-tyrosine and L-DOPA, respectively. Tyrosinases have been described as capable to use those betaxanthins [ GandiaHerr05a ] as substrates for further metabolization.	C18H18N2O7		None	None	None	5211.41	5216.6	9511.65	5707.28	6666.67	6832.29	7002.15	5908.72	5219.54	5100.92	5545.68	5447.77	4595.29	6497.73	7875.53	4511.26	5815.05	6917.63	6043.62	3696.89	4957.57	4180.21	5337.22	5632.45	5482.9	6960.67	6892.03	5052.84	5907.92	6969.03	5780.96	6717.8	3759.25	3743.26	5136.26	5332.39	5321.9	5835.06	3966.98	
393.2449060_MZ	Calcitroic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Calcitroic acid (1 alpha-hydroxy-23 carboxy-24,25,26,27-tetranorvitamin D(3)) is a metabolite of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (calcitriol). It is soluble in water, and is excreted in urine. This deactivation process involves a series of oxidation reactions at C24 and C23 leading to side-chain cleavage and, ultimately, formation of the calcitroic acid. This deactivation involves the loss of carbons 24, 25, 26, and 27 and the oxidation of carbon 23 to a carboxylic acid. Calcitroic acid is also a major terminal product for the deactivation of 1&#945;,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2. Both the kidney and the intestine metabolize 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 through the C-24 oxidation pathway according to the following steps: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3----1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3----1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3-----1,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 (PMID: 2719932). The C-24 oxidation pathway leading to the formation of calcitroic acid has been reported to be present in bone cells, but the C-23 oxidation pathway leading to the formation of 1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone has not been described in bone cells, even though 1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone is noted to have a significant effect on bone formation. (PMID: 7664636).	C23H34O4, LysoPhosphatidic Acid (P-16:0e/0:0)		None	None	None	2972.27	2562.83	2654.5	1872.03	2916.61	3750.56	2379.88	2862.78	2695.16	4488.46	2822.08	1669.67	2225.92	3372.62	1755.48	4045.53	3045.37	3265.36	2175.48	1306.76	2560.7	2481.19	1941.64	2940.14	1518.66	3034.25	3049.23	1308.77	3084.52	2339.35	2317.94	4269.02	2080.09	1416.63	1699.15	1941.54	3528.91	1480.49	1765.81	
394.2930328_MZ	9,12-Hexadecadienoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	9,12-Hexadecadienoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine with C16:2 fatty acid moiety. Acylcarnitine useful in the diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders and differentiation between biochemical phenotypes of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency deficiencyoxidation disorders.(PMID: 12385891).	C23H41NO4		None	None	None	1364.58	1444.83	909.838	592.756	931.382	2531.86	1127.25	1465.13	785.249	967.089	1391.67	861.998	2141.51	1323.54	1430.07	1386.07	1142.7	1521.98	889.603	722.605	1305.26	1666.45	815.688	1173.84	806.658	949.294	1505.44	1178.53	3189.87	1836.98	1147.5	1178.12	901.141	644.086	684.069	862.64	1206.68	493.681	1105.66	
395.3883296_MZ	Hexacosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder biochemically characterized by the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), particularly hexacosanoic acid (C(26:0)) and tetracosanoic acid (C(24:0)), in tissues and biological fluids. (PMID 16750542).	C26H52O2		None	None	None	10237.2	12104.8	10478.4	9757.22	10290.5	9114.57	12253.1	12497.1	10418.4	9016.46	9837.69	9346.25	8985.89	9841.83	7203.65	19832.8	9427.81	12921.5	9768.49	10058.3	8813.44	14674.7	8717.87	10645.6	7624.86	9195.92	12510.1	9100.75	9543.16	9791.95	9265.14	10018.3	11205.3	9333.69	7215.9	9559.21	11907.5	8811.83	13187.6	
396.2833685_MZ	PGD2 ethanolamide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C22H39NO5, PGF2a ethanolamide		None	None	None	1088.91	918.342	1242.01	877.388	1095.2	1231.9	856.545	1574.74	932.079	834.905	807.797	894.899	972.182	1311.2	951.997	1362.01	924.458	1553.49	836.117	585.942	854.232	1005.06	801.201	1198.35	647.988	899.528	1310.07	524.805	1233.02	871.355	1051.82	896.886	725.273	504.441	670.168	641.497	1003.52	672.138	469.753	
401.1287529_MZ	Farnesyl pyrophosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Farnesyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids. -- Wikipedia.	C15H28O7P2		None	None	None	8272.28	5889.12	10620.9	6919.67	4782.36	14117.1	10965.0	6923.63	6016.92	8665.28	7132.14	15125.9	4225.8	8446.08	5076.78	4387.51	4883.93	7284.41	8453.96	5189.6	6923.91	4766.55	5326.94	10366.1	9367.39	5462.73	6385.04	6787.0	9244.6	7389.21	6461.01	6721.89	5055.05	4885.92	6214.45	9935.05	6920.92	5388.99	6158.94	
401.3414379_MZ	(24R)-Cholest-5-ene-3-beta_24-diol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(24R)-Cholest-5-ene-3-beta,24-diol or 24(R)-Hydroxycholesterol is a hydroxysterol. It is a substrate for Cytochrome P450 39A1 (EC 1.14.13.99), which is primarily a liver-specific enzyme. It is involved in the following reaction: (24R)-cholest-5-ene-3-beta,24-diol + NADPH + O(2) = (24R)-cholest-5-ene-3-beta,7-alpha,24-triol + NADP(+) + H(2)O. 24(R)-Hydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in bile acid metabolism. The majority of circulating 24-hydroxycholesterol in humans is made in the brain and is increased in serum of Alzheimer patients. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol is generally more abundant in human tissues than 24(R)-Hydroxycholesterol. It has also been shown that 24(R) and 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterols are substrates for hepatic cholesterol 7-a hydroxylase (CYP7A), leading to the production of 7-alpha hydroxylated bile acids.	C27H46O2, 20alpha-Hydroxycholesterol, 22b-Hydroxycholesterol, 4b-Hydroxycholesterol, 7a-Hydroxycholesterol, Delta-Tocopherol		None	None	None	1620.95	1162.15	1295.57	1252.07	2066.77	1294.97	1294.21	1565.85	1410.46	1342.73	1702.1	1574.36	2572.26	1629.11	965.096	1773.07	871.871	1449.27	1071.34	1481.52	1402.85	1314.24	1259.19	1202.91	1323.94	891.76	1728.24	1421.37	1188.14	1047.42	1234.08	1370.23	1287.49	2110.08	887.298	1234.65	1371.87	1357.26	1852.38	
403.3573722_MZ	3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestane	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C27H48O2		None	None	None	503.668	431.924	242.91	290.395	339.655	305.469	278.082	290.9	325.05	497.566	356.395	317.119	514.332	475.682	314.787	918.899	341.761	602.209	357.671	397.384	255.289	632.21	506.84	446.516	198.468	375.744	644.782	287.67	320.369	241.948	378.86	443.564	338.263	367.149	356.267	332.638	372.986	318.727	357.898	
405.2638321_MZ	3-Oxocholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxocholic acid is a bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12.	C24H38O5, 3_7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholanoic acid, 7-Ketodeoxycholic acid		None	None	None	32334.9	25876.9	35261.4	23121.3	31205.4	22307.8	37596.6	39336.6	25602.7	21844.9	35143.9	29713.7	33344.1	29309.3	17995.5	33208.4	24279.5	36519.1	26109.7	17934.2	22621.8	35486.0	31359.1	28620.7	25790.1	27828.3	33417.2	17383.1	26944.9	30252.4	27331.5	31869.7	26519.1	20580.1	20624.0	15397.3	18644.2	19516.2	26312.7	
405.2997744_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C25H42O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C25H42O4, Monoacylglyceride(22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/0:0/0:0)		None	None	None	4145.56	4591.75	5619.92	3957.58	4386.04	5256.52	4247.15	4490.49	4086.28	3258.44	5526.63	3962.22	3773.56	5754.13	3285.55	3964.66	3503.45	4301.58	3556.55	2320.39	5508.86	4275.64	4278.38	5929.21	2945.92	5013.88	4279.73	2294.85	7014.17	3553.51	4749.82	3729.31	3002.27	2490.86	3019.8	2490.07	2948.63	2555.81	3699.99	
406.2232946_MZ	Neurotensin 11-13	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C21H33N3O5		None	None	None	5052.64	5553.05	4414.04	4587.21	4732.23	5912.37	4524.99	5265.55	5397.55	4957.94	4541.51	4376.86	5270.86	4785.76	4024.66	4741.91	4937.97	5274.88	4363.12	4444.5	4605.15	5914.74	4881.18	5420.08	4238.73	4384.56	4854.83	3870.85	5635.47	3927.8	4516.41	4419.15	5024.89	3981.1	4368.99	4645.26	4838.99	4272.92	4492.14	
407.2421776_MZ	5,6-Dihydroxyprostaglandin F1a	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C20H36O7		None	None	None	4171.17	3593.08	4686.78	3776.02	4204.56	5361.55	3354.66	4821.27	3752.4	3935.82	4838.76	2055.32	4220.5	5626.87	3379.59	4914.26	3683.32	5371.38	3293.34	2090.75	4155.63	4548.36	3592.5	5519.96	2427.88	4027.52	5757.44	2080.81	5265.35	3862.88	3402.38	4374.16	2839.28	1971.86	3088.69	2382.85	3713.47	2462.27	2354.25	
407.2792793_MZ	Cholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C24H40O5, Muricholic acid, Allocholic acid, Ursocholic acid, 1b_3a_12a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 3a_6b_7b-Trihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 6a_12a-Dihydroxylithocholic acid		None	None	None	79904.7	46580.1	127163.0	19325.7	16073.5	55029.6	45744.7	30527.1	24074.8	32555.4	82261.9	37391.6	233210.0	64432.0	25149.6	48737.8	103417.0	51155.9	38658.3	10894.1	19008.6	79847.1	93356.6	53842.4	20765.5	53847.1	22495.1	39455.6	74882.5	19316.3	18463.7	32160.9	60692.0	18408.1	45222.1	38503.1	15363.4	42458.5	27831.4	
409.2350740_MZ	LPA with formula C19H39O7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LPA(0:0/16:0) is a lysophosphatidic acid. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidic acids can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) or C-2 (sn-2) position. Fatty acids containing 16 and 18 carbons are the most common. Lysophosphatidic acid is the simplest possible glycerophospholipid. It is the biosynthetic precursor of phosphatidic acid. Although it is present at very low levels only in animal tissues, it is extremely important biologically, influencing many biochemical processes. In particular, lysophosphatidic acid is an intercellular lipid mediator with growth factor-like activities, and is rapidly produced and released from activated platelets to influence target cells. 1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid is the major component of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in plasma, and is in a reduced ratio in individuals with gynecological cancers (PMID 11585410). LPA is a pluripotent lipid mediator controlling growth, motility, and differentiation, that has a strong influence on the chemotaxis and ultrastructure of human neutrophils (PMID 7416233). In serum and plasma, LPA is mainly converted from lysophospholipids, whereas in platelets and some cancer cells it is converted from phosphatidic acid. In each pathway, at least two phospholipase activities are required: phospholipase A1 (PLA1)/PLA2 plus lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activities are involved in the first pathway and phospholipase D (PLD) plus PLA1/PLA2 activities are involved in the second pathway. (PMID 15271293).	C19H39O7P		None	None	None	15820.4	16218.3	18796.5	17824.3	23393.3	22120.3	21117.7	20878.7	20798.6	19737.2	27920.3	25180.5	15599.5	20295.0	12380.9	31808.2	13770.6	23150.8	13201.6	14366.8	19521.2	12795.2	18699.8	19468.2	18309.6	15526.4	22977.2	12877.3	20795.9	18089.0	25558.4	17848.3	13199.3	18989.5	11885.9	13931.2	14626.9	15378.8	25106.3	
409.3098877_MZ	Gama-Tocotrienol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	gamma-tocotrienol targets cancer cells by inhibiting Id1, a key cancer-promoting protein. Gamma-tocotrienol was shown to trigger cell apoptosis and well as anti-proliferation of cancer cells. This mechanism was also observed in separate prostate cancer and melanoma cell line studies.	C28H42O2		None	None	None	6990.85	4944.79	6932.42	3543.74	4039.9	2337.85	8377.43	10504.1	3045.77	2661.27	3128.14	1884.03	4013.93	4252.67	3525.6	13446.5	5081.13	10788.1	4822.91	1479.85	2971.94	7824.17	3057.61	5735.11	1575.58	4480.19	13934.6	1641.3	3328.64	9291.44	4063.58	6314.96	4544.34	1886.96	2708.56	1571.67	4927.98	2609.93	1778.82	
409.3308885_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C25H46O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C25H46O4		None	None	None	2986.34	2859.18	5421.54	2364.61	2784.44	2225.12	3233.7	6197.49	2257.81	2178.58	2517.73	1680.42	2385.11	3449.1	2152.16	5223.45	2301.21	6216.05	2310.97	1869.92	2035.62	3403.68	2188.6	3308.92	1715.86	2679.43	4119.7	1914.6	2420.3	2747.09	2396.59	2607.84	2861.65	1763.29	1644.07	1776.21	2687.08	1844.85	2245.58	
409.4036512_MZ	Heptacosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Heptacosanoic acid is a fatty acid found in follicular casts (the abnormal impactation of a sebaceous follicle) implicated as the preclinical lesion of acne vulgaris. (PMID: 2940302). Heptacosanoic acid is one of the fatty acids found that contribute to a significant increase in the microviscosity of erythrocyte membranes in patients affected with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) and adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). (PMID: 6874949). Heptacosanoic acid has been found in the adrenal cortex and brain, in adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome in humans. (PMID: 3806133). Heptacosanoic acid has been found in blood and tissues of patients with different genetic peroxisomal disorder (Refsum's disease, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy or Zellweger syndrome). (PMID: 2474624).	C27H54O2		None	None	None	6733.73	5668.51	6139.14	4078.84	5217.39	4532.95	7043.46	8471.62	4122.87	4134.38	4028.14	3770.27	4851.89	4968.85	4366.03	9250.25	5392.29	7323.79	3848.94	3498.11	4506.94	6902.52	3764.84	5776.24	3037.29	4542.15	8544.4	3412.99	5435.92	5118.61	4471.43	5073.14	5483.43	3593.84	3175.41	3384.16	5073.84	3592.79	4808.96	
410.1344667_MZ	13E-Tetranor-16-carboxy-LTE4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	13E-tetranor-16-carboxy-LTE4 is a metabolite through lipid oxidation of Leukotriene E4 (LTE4).Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) is a cysteinyl leukotriene. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are a family of potent inflammatory mediators that appear to contribute to the pathophysiologic features of allergic rhinitis. Nasal blockage induced by CysLTs is mainly due to dilatation of nasal blood vessels, which can be induced by the nitric oxide produced through CysLT1 receptor activation. LTE4, activate contractile and inflammatory processes via specific interaction with putative seven transmembrane-spanning receptors that couple to G proteins and subsequent intracellular signaling pathways. LTE4 is metabolized from leukotriene C4 in a reaction catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and a particulate dipeptidase from kidney. (PMID: 12607939, 12432945, 6311078). Leukotrienes are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C19H25NO7S		None	None	None	3511.52	5722.67	4246.88	3912.49	6429.66	5667.76	3805.28	2632.19	4995.13	2981.35	3915.82	3208.12	3153.1	5669.16	6764.82	3658.11	3611.04	3443.9	3950.51	2846.61	3865.52	2407.6	5411.85	4414.58	2965.1	4429.56	2406.98	2615.23	5112.85	4462.29	5964.59	4586.37	2206.8	2436.52	4149.59	3639.85	3265.89	3703.41	2073.67	
411.3467855_MZ	Monoacylglyceride with formula C25H48O4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	MG(0:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0) is a monoacylglyceride. A monoglyceride, more correctly known as a monoacylglycerol, is a glyceride consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage. Monoacylglycerol can be broadly divided into two groups; 1-monoacylglycerols (or 3-monoacylglycerols) and 2-monoacylglycerols, depending on the position of the ester bond on the glycerol moiety. Normally the 1-/3-isomers are not distinguished from each other and are termed 'alpha-monoacylglycerols', while the 2-isomers are beta-monoacylglycerols. Monoacylglycerols are formed biochemically via release of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol lipase or hormone sensitive lipase. Monoacylglycerols are broken down by monoacylglycerol lipase. They tend to be minor components only of most plant and animal tissues, and indeed would not be expected to accumulate because their strong detergent properties would have a disruptive effect on membranes. 2-Monoacylglycerols are a major end product of the intestinal digestion of dietary fats in animals via the enzyme pancreatic lipase. They are taken up directly by the intestinal cells and converted to triacylglycerols via the monoacylglycerol pathway before being transported in lymph to the liver. Mono- and Diglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities. They act as emulsifiers, helping to mix ingredients such as oil and water that would not otherwise blend well.	C25H48O4		None	None	None	5808.37	5423.98	11224.1	5369.07	6005.97	4201.31	5892.51	10986.5	5216.32	4971.05	5287.03	4781.11	4703.98	7408.92	4368.95	6900.4	4561.52	11011.1	4506.66	4832.07	4674.56	6331.01	5255.82	6349.84	4607.94	5334.54	6340.08	4484.13	5515.88	4572.75	4894.42	5407.29	6260.55	4896.74	4411.18	4546.54	5647.35	4633.55	5431.32	
411.3606751_MZ	24-Methylenelophenol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C29H48O, 4_4-Dimethyl-5a-cholesta-8_24-dien-3-b-ol, Avenasterol, Delta7-Avenasterol, Stigmasterol		None	None	None	2736.34	2866.41	3402.99	2400.54	2245.44	1886.65	2615.67	3556.34	2221.65	2240.3	2539.86	2876.99	2184.11	2813.22	1502.6	4316.67	2256.72	4045.18	2647.96	2402.96	2019.21	3205.28	2250.41	2772.83	2377.67	2217.93	2913.38	2327.45	2324.93	1971.57	2303.7	2232.94	2819.59	2426.36	1809.47	2230.12	2714.55	2126.22	3142.74	
416.3041499_MZ	11'-Carboxy-alpha-chromanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11'-carboxy-alpha-tocopherol is a dehydrogenation carboxylate product of 11'-hydroxy-a-tocopherol by an unidentified microsomal enzyme(s) probably via an aldehyde intermediate.  The tocopherols ( a-tocopherol , b-tocopherol ,r-tocopherol and d-tocopherol ) and their corresponding tocotrienols are synthesized by plants and have vitamin E antixoidant activity (see pathway vitamin E biosynthesis ). They differ in the number and location of methyl groups on the chromanol ring. The naturally occurring form of a-tocopherol is (2R,4'R,8'R)-a-tocopherol (synonym (R,R,R)-a-tocopherol). Synthetic a-tocopherols are a racemic mixture of eight different R and S stereoisomers. Only the 2R forms are recognized as meeting human requirements. The in vivo function of vitamin E is to scavenge peroxyl radicals via its phenolic (chromanol) hydroxyl group, thus protecting lipids against free radical-catalyzed peroxidation. The tocopheryl radical formed can then be reduced by reductants such as L-ascorbate. Other major products of a-tocopherol oxidation include &#945;-tocopherylquinone and epoxy-a-tocopherols. The metabolites a-tocopheronic acid and its lactone, known as the Simon metabolites, are generally believed to be artefacts. In addition to these oxidation products, the other major class of tocopherol metabolites is the carboxyethyl-hydroxychromans.These metabolites are produced in significant amounts in response to excess vitamin E ingestion. Vitamin E is fat-soluble and its utilization requires intestinal fat absorption mechanisms. It is secreted from the intestine into the lymphatic system in chylomicrons which subsequently enter the plasma. Lipolysis of these chylomicrons can result in delivery of vitamin E to tissues, transfer to high-density lipoproteins (and subsequently to other lipoproteins via the phospholipid exchange protein), or retention in chylomicron remnants. These remnants are taken up by the liver. Natural (R,R,R)-&#945;-tocopherol and synthetic 2R-&#945;-tocopherols are then preferentially secreted from the liver into plasma as a result of the specificity of the &#945;-tocopherol transfer protein. This protein, along with the metabolism of excess vitamin E in the liver and excretion into urine and bile, mediate the supply of a-tocopherol in plasma and tissues.	C26H41O4		None	None	None	680.49	549.636	876.518	489.489	705.471	624.959	694.967	807.64	710.74	559.432	605.951	466.579	566.583	689.99	221.343	1057.98	644.348	969.687	580.654	645.72	573.797	805.418	520.609	883.997	578.659	750.29	999.349	589.948	729.472	812.996	271.714	596.355	885.438	513.673	602.156	540.178	697.36	609.943	488.505	
417.3357561_MZ	17a_20a-Dihydroxycholesterol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in C21-Steroid hormone metabolism. 17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxycholesterol is the 8th to last step in the synthesis of Cortolone and is converted from 20alpha-Hydroxycholesterol via the enzyme cytochrome P450 (EC 1.14.99.9). It is then converted to 17alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone via the enzyme cytochrome P450 (EC1.14.15.6).	C27H46O3, 3a_7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al, 7a_12a-Dihydroxy-5a-cholestan-3-one, 7-a_25-Dihydroxycholesterol		None	None	None	2547.36	2310.39	2477.41	2016.11	3269.22	3506.45	2581.81	2045.6	2587.67	2608.85	3299.7	2105.48	2839.9	4760.54	1831.8	3362.83	1682.34	3148.98	2126.8	2162.33	2340.15	2805.11	2512.26	2343.3	2632.63	2087.82	2817.78	1905.74	3393.63	2374.88	2161.06	2183.61	2037.49	2682.64	2082.55	1908.27	2141.57	2374.86	3261.61	
418.3017303_MZ	Stearidonyl carnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C25H41NO4		None	None	None	1796.92	1613.53	1270.37	1266.74	1100.24	1577.6	1245.55	1958.07	1353.07	967.758	1258.04	1290.86	1221.49	2119.65	1202.5	1521.65	828.116	1736.92	1109.18	924.664	1454.03	1625.59	1346.23	1209.04	999.379	1120.46	2306.18	922.58	1549.6	1407.18	1178.83	1474.92	1040.95	699.4	1626.96	930.878	1089.92	1025.76	1145.93	
418.3330854_MZ	L-Palmitoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	L-Palmitoylcarnitine is a long-chain acyl fatty acid derivative ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids. L-palmitoylcarnitine, due to its amphipatic character is, like detergents, a surface-active molecule and by changing the membrane fluidity and surface charge can change activity of several enzymes and transporters localized in the membrane. L-palmitoylcarnitine has been also reported to change the activity of certain proteins. On the contrary to carnitine, palmitoylcarnitine was shown to stimulate the activity of caspases 3, 7 and 8 and the level of this long-chain acylcarnitine increased during apoptosis. Palmitoylcarnitine was also reported to diminish completely binding of phorbol esters, the protein kinase C activators and to decrease the autophosphorylation of the enzyme. Apart from these isoform nonspecific phenomena, palmitoylcarnitine was also shown to be responsible for retardation in cytoplasm of protein kinase C isoforms &#946; and &#948; and, in the case of the latter one, to decrease its interaction with GAP-43. Some of the physico-chemical properties of palmitoylcarnitine may help to explain the need for coenzyme A-carnitine-coenzyme A acyl exchange during mitochondrial fatty acid import. The amphiphilic character of palmitoylcarnitine may also explain its proposed involvement in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia. L-Palmitoylcarnitine accumulates in ischemic myocardium and potentially contribute to myocardial damage through alterations in membrane molecular dynamics , one mechanism through which could play an important role in ischemic injury. Palmitoylcarnitine is characteristically elevated in carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency, late-onset (OMIM 255110). (PMID 2540838, 15363641, 8706815).	C23H45NO4		None	None	None	874.74	821.671	879.305	827.627	983.702	861.315	789.411	976.232	896.277	809.069	835.334	691.536	861.571	1120.89	483.209	1169.42	614.902	914.028	673.566	689.758	985.617	880.507	807.666	897.396	904.912	554.069	1121.93	646.089	938.61	741.061	623.63	838.42	706.33	777.862	779.545	663.324	778.866	810.825	975.707	
419.2556469_MZ	Cyclic phosphatidic acid with formula C21H41O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	cPA(18:0/0:0) is a cyclic phosphatidic acid or cyclic lysophosphatidic acid. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a cyclic phosphate moiety occupies two glycerol substitution sites. Lysophosphatidic acids can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1). Fatty acids containing 16 and 18 carbons are the most common. Cyclic phosphatidic acids have been detected in a wide range of organisms including humans, especially in the brain but also in serum (at a concentration of 10-7M). cPA's have a cyclic phosphate at the sn-2 and sn-3 positions of the glycerol carbons, and this structure is absolutely necessary for their activities. In particular, it is found in tissues subject to injury, and while it may have some similar signalling functions to lysophosphatidic acid per se, it also has some quite distinct biological activities. For example, cyclic phosphatidic acid is known to be a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha. It has an appreciable effect on the inhibition of cancer cell invasion and metastasis.	C21H41O6P		None	None	None	7665.92	7976.28	8611.1	7673.92	8633.72	8023.45	8821.08	8534.86	8200.77	7063.88	10209.5	9697.06	8160.02	7643.08	5194.19	8695.47	5238.27	9236.57	6665.64	5498.5	7558.71	6740.03	7018.89	8118.05	7526.92	6608.88	8643.69	4710.28	8402.81	7042.49	7989.45	6944.07	5669.64	6429.65	5845.41	5596.77	6401.23	6073.77	8842.61	
419.3522212_MZ	3 alpha_7 alpha_26-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestane	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3 alpha,7 alpha,26-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is found in the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway. 3 alpha,7 alpha,26-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is produced from 3 alpha,7 alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestane through the action of CYP27A (E1.14.13.15). 3 alpha,7 alpha,26-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is then converted to 3 alpha,7 alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al by CYP27A (E1.14.13.15).	C27H48O3, 3b_5a_6b-Cholestanetriol, 5-b-Cholestane-3a _7a _12a-triol		None	None	None	3477.75	4220.76	6698.75	4727.49	8737.46	4262.69	6029.73	2629.37	5701.22	5612.53	8529.31	9138.38	4681.56	4711.61	2211.1	4500.69	2448.99	3944.26	2813.13	5089.54	4989.64	2517.68	4659.99	3043.01	7731.28	2999.58	4147.45	3994.26	5212.57	3193.18	4106.07	3334.12	3382.66	7681.25	2572.54	2960.61	2682.1	4529.73	12271.7	
421.2748968_MZ	7b-Hydroxy-3-oxo-5b-cholanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	7b-Hydroxy-3-oxo-5b-cholanoic acid was one of the bile acids present in significant proportions during early gestation, identified in amniotic fluid. (PMID 2373959). A bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C25H38O4, Monoacylglyceride with formula C25H38O4		None	None	None	4560.85	3011.57	2926.9	2384.37	4504.26	3222.5	3633.12	5374.31	5455.81	4987.21	3556.45	2629.01	5206.66	8882.0	2491.06	6475.24	5244.41	5729.81	2927.11	1898.93	2767.61	4365.15	2814.56	3780.18	2632.25	3564.28	5425.89	2456.97	3902.64	3749.9	2928.62	10221.5	2905.6	2554.52	2384.44	2499.22	7676.57	2194.96	3072.56	
423.2748684_MZ	1b-Hydroxycholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1b-Hydroxycholic acid is a C24 bile acid in the serum of healthy human fetuses, and an usual urinary bile acid in the neonatal and pediatric periods, also excreted in the urine of pregnant women. (PMID: 9483300, 10203155, 1400756). A bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C24H40O6, 3a_4b_7a_12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 3a_6b_7b_12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid, 3b_4b_7a_12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid		None	None	None	7232.64	3804.28	7362.66	3980.87	4197.71	11857.1	5366.57	10070.5	4945.88	4208.39	8910.83	4126.69	44394.2	13031.1	5513.24	4726.62	4688.42	8411.96	4591.77	2092.98	3997.01	6824.7	7543.84	7237.29	3384.51	5512.08	4488.54	5268.29	9078.06	3374.88	3421.02	5966.1	4407.46	2611.04	5408.66	4394.54	3687.49	2907.74	3080.23	
423.4191282_MZ	Octacosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Octacosanoic acid is a very-long-chain fatty acid found in human brain and visceral organs (PMID: 2474624). Octacosanoic acid is a higher aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar-cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) wax that has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation induced ex vivo by addition of agonists to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) of rats, guinea pigs, and healthy human volunteers. (PMID: 5099499). Octacosanoic acid is formed from octacosanol via beta-oxidation. (PMID: 15847942).	C28H56O2		None	None	None	4414.39	4772.29	4936.93	3863.94	4040.39	3559.36	4862.15	6488.3	3930.62	3446.88	4016.4	3400.1	3437.51	4087.34	3015.64	7732.04	3714.73	6219.71	3415.97	3336.42	3965.34	5871.16	3425.79	4239.59	3109.49	4010.98	5354.76	3312.85	3778.51	3879.23	4211.38	4063.38	4351.85	3686.86	2847.57	3418.06	4345.09	3542.86	4492.16	
424.1435932_MZ	Hyaluronic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hyaluronic acid (HA), is the most abundant glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in mammalian tissue. It is present in high concentrations in connective tissue, such as skin, vitreous humor, cartilage, and umbilical cord, but the largest single reservoir is the synovial fluid (SF) of the diarthrodial joints, where concentrations of 0.5-4 mg/mL are achieved. Hyaluronic acid, is the major hydrodynamic nonprotein component of joint SF. Its unique viscoelastic properties confer remarkable shock absorbing and lubricating abilities to SF, while its enormous macromolecular size and hydrophilicity serve to retain fluid in the joint cavity during articulation. HA restricts the entry of large plasma proteins and cells into SF but facilitates solute exchange between the synovial capillaries and cartilage and other joint tissues. In addition, HA can form a pericellular coat around cells, interact with proinflammatory mediators, and bind to cell receptors, such as cluster determinant (CD)44 and receptor for hyaluronate-mediated motility (RHAMM), where it modulates cell proliferation, migration, and gene expression. All these physicochemical and biologic properties of HA have been shown to be molecular weight (MW) dependent. The diverse physicochemical properties of HA arise from its unique macromolecular structure. The HA is an exceptionally long (3-30 &#956;m) and unbranched nonsulfated GAG composed of repeating disaccharide units of N-acetylglucosamine, and glucuronic acid glycosidically linked through their respective 1-4 ring positions. Hydroxyl group oxygens at the glucuronyl-1 and glucosamine 3-positions are used for further polymerization of the HA disaccharide units to form chains that, when released from the cell plasma membrane, are of variable length and thus polydispersity. Despite the simplicity of the HA primary structure, this linear polyelectrolyte adopts complex conformations in solution, which engender it with diverse biologic properties. Within the joint cavity, HA molecules are predominately synthesized by the type B synovial cells. (PMID 12219318).	C16H27NO12		None	None	None	5926.91	8415.21	5574.31	8082.09	6175.63	7624.54	8095.68	6956.96	5992.64	8408.37	6045.63	6223.46	7134.36	6527.68	8598.27	4492.42	6068.26	5267.13	5030.62	4506.37	5710.54	5449.57	7861.27	5666.59	4856.28	5757.8	6983.01	4406.79	7974.8	5187.75	9369.61	5227.38	4771.93	4503.33	4575.46	5574.17	5980.99	4583.07	4394.44	
424.3425552_MZ	Oleoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oleoylcarnitine is a long-chain acylcarnitine that accumulates during certain metabolic conditions, such as fasting (PMID: 15653102).	C25H47NO4, Vaccenyl carnitine, Elaidic carnitine, 11Z-Octadecenylcarnitine		None	None	None	578.99	447.116	758.55	458.785	371.538	302.564	533.67	784.441	320.853	577.863	403.32	277.444	630.81	562.83	258.841	793.315	435.235	904.951	399.773	327.14	384.27	700.861	526.248	572.466	380.223	351.78	753.676	343.633	481.968	490.117	426.326	446.509	424.246	467.015	368.045	374.647	553.514	432.826	535.958	
426.0218464_MZ	ADP	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine diphosphate, abbreviated ADP, is a nucleotide. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleotide adenine. ADP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. ADP is the product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPases. ADP is converted back to ATP by ATP synthases.	C10H15N5O10P2, Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate, dGDP		None	None	None	2221720.0	2550090.0	4291060.0	2446080.0	3703460.0	2670670.0	4266150.0	3335360.0	3067960.0	1960270.0	2286320.0	2601740.0	2341850.0	3414510.0	3028370.0	1098700.0	2649990.0	2534580.0	2491590.0	2505180.0	2932390.0	1687380.0	2675720.0	2163670.0	2194360.0	3368270.0	1973510.0	1718280.0	2363810.0	5066330.0	2148380.0	2801130.0	1571660.0	2001930.0	2175070.0	1832840.0	1461910.0	2173710.0	2799980.0	
429.2115968_MZ	Risperidone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication approved in 1993. It is most often used to treat delusional psychosis (including schizophrenia), but risperidone (like other atypical antipsychotics) is also used to treat some forms of bipolar disorder, psychotic depression and Tourette syndrome. Generally lower doses are used for autistic spectrum disorders than are used for schizophrenia and other forms of psychosis; Risperidone is a very strong dopamine blocker (antagonist); Risperidone is a very strong dopamine blocker (antagonist); i.e., it inhibits functioning of postsynaptic dopamine receptors. An anxiolytic agent and a serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the benzodiazepines, but it has an efficacy comparable to diazepam; i.e., it inhibits functioning of postsynaptic dopamine receptors. Risperidone (Belivon, Rispen, Risperdal; in the United States) is an atypical antipsychotic medication. It was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1993. It is most often used to treat delusional psychosis (including schizophrenia), but risperidone (like other atypical antipsychotics) is also used to treat some forms of bipolar disorder, psychotic depression and Tourette syndrome; risperidone has received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for symptomatic treatment of irritability in autistic children and adolescents. Risperidone is now the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic medication in the United States.	C23H27FN4O2		None	None	None	13281.0	17831.4	10679.7	18330.8	5382.1	10099.0	6130.09	6901.89	12026.9	8014.14	8349.18	4859.42	6270.4	8152.27	6236.2	3679.47	6306.16	8622.13	11233.8	4445.1	7427.76	13736.8	10295.3	15099.9	3450.6	7979.37	5220.02	4172.49	15240.5	6413.6	8645.49	6288.08	4100.6	2737.55	13035.0	5884.59	13906.4	8890.6	4421.44	
429.3359424_MZ	4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C28H46O3		None	None	None	2099.48	1817.66	1976.89	1807.14	2043.85	1281.7	2236.39	1952.58	1681.72	1542.13	1807.78	1587.37	1591.6	1651.53	1588.25	2690.74	1461.48	2379.15	1518.79	1609.96	1509.29	2484.6	1810.35	1807.67	1811.13	1716.48	2110.1	1570.89	1603.42	1811.54	2229.62	1975.73	1959.38	1820.64	1364.49	1824.68	2000.92	1524.98	2038.41	
429.3730913_MZ	Alpha-Tocopherol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Alpha-tocopherol is traditionally recognized as the most active form of vitamin E in humans, and is a powerful biological antioxidant. The measurement of vitamin E activity in international units (IU) was based on fertility enhancement by the prevention of spontaneous abortions in pregnant rats relative to alpha tocopherol. Natural vitamin E exists in eight different forms or isomers, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. In foods, the most abundant sources of vitamin E are vegetable oils such as palm oil, sunflower, corn, soybean and olive oil. Nuts, sunflower seeds, and wheat germ are also good sources. --Wikipedia.	C29H50O2		None	None	None	172090.0	75464.8	123133.0	34353.9	87337.0	5661.9	154635.0	112749.0	71861.9	34341.4	25427.9	108122.0	46345.4	32777.3	42139.9	424358.0	61762.0	318152.0	134890.0	134537.0	29693.0	258921.0	136070.0	76839.7	207541.0	132313.0	179057.0	129123.0	14203.0	117390.0	110263.0	141620.0	106757.0	155400.0	91092.1	113577.0	63149.3	66499.7	83987.5	
430.2953911_MZ	3-Hydroxyhexadecadienoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	none	C23H41NO5		None	None	None	1136.39	1051.0	1218.73	1158.5	1089.03	1310.83	1067.39	1128.89	1152.7	1090.97	1267.55	681.263	1012.34	950.326	746.105	1426.02	938.612	1472.64	1011.32	662.731	1079.39	1251.72	871.281	1393.6	810.324	976.21	1853.3	694.197	1310.23	1282.81	734.714	924.014	862.645	662.721	1078.42	928.409	1137.79	856.274	1079.83	
431.3517954_MZ	13'-Hydroxy-gama-tocopherol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C28H48O3		None	None	None	1682.06	1781.16	1594.5	1583.2	1988.75	1407.89	1597.07	1402.34	1662.35	1579.59	2236.66	1867.9	1525.39	1372.87	1138.77	2489.53	1057.87	1686.5	1391.33	1673.13	1618.33	2074.86	1512.4	1644.22	1698.64	1397.55	1747.91	1293.74	1601.59	1338.89	1505.34	1279.38	1504.96	1603.48	1012.36	1155.93	1499.45	1308.81	2635.17	
433.2378993_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine with formula C21H39O7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LPA(0:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a lysophosphatidic acid. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidic acids can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) or C-2 (sn-2) position. Fatty acids containing 16 and 18 carbons are the most common. Lysophosphatidic acid is the simplest possible glycerophospholipid. It is the biosynthetic precursor of phosphatidic acid. Although it is present at very low levels only in animal tissues, it is extremely important biologically, influencing many biochemical processes. In particular, lysophosphatidic acid is an intercellular lipid mediator with growth factor-like activities, and is rapidly produced and released from activated platelets to influence target cells. 1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid is the major component of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in plasma, and is in a reduced ratio in individuals with gynecological cancers (PMID 11585410). LPA is a pluripotent lipid mediator controlling growth, motility, and differentiation, that has a strong influence on the chemotaxis and ultrastructure of human neutrophils (PMID 7416233). In serum and plasma, LPA is mainly converted from lysophospholipids, whereas in platelets and some cancer cells it is converted from phosphatidic acid. In each pathway, at least two phospholipase activities are required: phospholipase A1 (PLA1)/PLA2 plus lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activities are involved in the first pathway and phospholipase D (PLD) plus PLA1/PLA2 activities are involved in the second pathway. (PMID 15271293).	C21H39O7P		None	None	None	10612.9	9881.76	7624.15	9857.03	6496.63	9674.02	7929.6	7972.7	10175.3	7569.26	7181.18	4641.21	6791.05	8080.91	5377.96	8328.81	7026.37	8416.53	7822.79	4102.76	7049.25	9988.44	9094.64	10566.0	4106.23	7343.48	7860.19	3332.84	11683.5	7359.58	7629.93	6392.82	4619.85	3187.27	7956.74	4137.22	9554.65	7375.65	4570.54	
433.3312290_MZ	3a_7a_12a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al is an intermediate in bile acid biosynthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5b-cholestane-27-al is an enzymatically generated intermediate in the oxidation process of 5b-cholestane-3a,7a,12a,27-tetrol into 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5b-cholestanoic acid in liver mitochondria. Mitochondrial sterol 27-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.60) appears to perform multiple monooxygenations in this conversion. (PMID: 8496170).	C27H46O4, 3a_7a-Dihydroxycoprostanic acid		None	None	None	3986.64	3844.83	3757.78	3588.82	4166.01	5418.96	3925.34	4308.82	3677.62	4074.98	4246.2	3044.36	3889.36	5394.68	3176.55	5873.1	3282.95	5086.96	3468.5	3618.57	3972.29	4083.1	4241.73	3809.97	3526.51	3292.6	4950.32	3054.64	4498.94	3858.23	3739.16	3780.46	3573.93	3755.76	3328.3	4430.86	3577.75	3547.44	3926.18	
434.3292828_MZ	2-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C23H45NO5, 3-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine		None	None	None	1207.32	1000.57	1278.97	832.036	954.689	1347.39	1336.77	1275.47	978.305	1268.72	1090.66	893.846	908.584	1473.69	639.67	1372.17	781.107	1462.94	830.704	908.961	973.28	1147.28	1095.83	936.299	983.293	669.74	1506.43	794.49	1192.17	1003.87	870.953	986.65	1088.43	868.837	823.219	1099.11	924.659	1227.65	1160.36	
435.2494479_MZ	DHAP(18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DHAP(18:0) is the octadecanoyl derivative of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It is also known as an alkyl-DHAP. This compound is formed by octadecanoic acid reacting with DHAP. Alkyl-DHAPs are intermediates in the synthesis of ether phospholipids. The initial steps of ether phospholipid biosynthesis take place in peroxisomes. Alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase is the peroxisomal enzyme that actually introduces the ether linkage. Levels of Alkyl-DHAP have been found to be strongly reduced in human fibroblasts derived from Zellweger syndrome and rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata patients. Four other enzymes are known to be involved in the metabolism of acyl-DHAP and alkyl-DHAP. These include: acyl-DHAP/alkyl-DHAP oxidoreductase, DHAP acyltransferase, alkyl-DHAP phosphohydrolase, and a dinitrofluorobenzene-insensitive acyl-DHAP acylhydrolase. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a biochemical compound primarily involved in the glycolysis metabolic pathway. DHAP is also the product of the dehydrogenation of L-glycerol-3-phosphate which is part of the entry of glycerol (sourced from triglycerides) into the glycolytic pathway. Conversely, reduction of glycolysis-derived DHAP to L-glycerol-3-phosphate provides adipose cells with the activated glycerol backbone they require to synthesize new triglycerides. Both reactions are catalyzed by the enzyme glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase with NAD+/NADH as cofactor. DHAP may be referred to as glycerone phosphate in older texts. 1-Octadecyl-glycerone-3-phosphate is an intermediate in Ether lipid metabolism. DHAP(18:0) or 1-Octadecanoyl-glycerone-3-phosphate is the precursor to 1-Octadecyl-glycerone-3-phosphate DHAP(18:0e) which is generated via alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (EC: 2.5.1.26). Ether lipids are lipids in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. Ether lipids are called plasmalogens (1-O-1'-alkenyl-2-acylglycerophospholipids) if these are glycerol-containing phospholipids with an unsaturated O-(1-alkenyl) (vinyl ether) group at the first position on the glycerol chain. Plasmalogens as well as some 1-O-alkyl lipids are ubiquitous and sometimes major parts of the cell membranes in mammals and anaerobic bacteria. In archaea, ether lipids are the major polar lipids in the cell envelope and their abundance is one of the major characteristics that separate this group of prokaryotes from the bacteria. In these cells, diphytanylglycerolipids or bipolar macrocyclic tetraethers can form covalently linked 'bilayers'. (Wikipedia)	C21H41O7P, Lysophosphatidic acid with formula C21H41O7P		None	None	None	14130.2	12680.1	13035.3	13393.0	18934.3	16452.3	15250.6	18572.8	17189.2	12623.4	19061.8	18637.1	14946.0	16077.3	8495.67	19339.4	9701.06	18397.0	10757.8	11016.8	15381.6	12147.5	13562.6	15651.5	15719.6	12719.2	17273.5	10221.0	14123.2	12345.8	15703.2	14961.8	9173.39	14531.6	10240.5	10667.5	13060.0	11828.0	18863.2	
437.4354052_MZ	Nonacosanoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nonacosanoic acid is a normal human fatty acid found in many tissues as constituents of cceramides (the major component of the stratum corneum) (PMID: 12190865), in lipids in normal brain white matter (PMID: 8515276), and the sebaceous follicle (PMID: 2940302).	C29H58O2		None	None	None	2590.51	2256.08	2294.13	1613.01	2013.92	1526.7	2616.73	3348.26	1523.15	1576.48	1585.13	1752.71	1835.54	1953.42	1437.7	2974.95	1852.29	2902.96	1501.47	1332.62	1789.89	2743.11	1695.0	2159.41	1296.67	1755.42	3233.9	1433.48	2126.02	2033.13	1866.67	1786.8	2349.01	1327.83	1190.28	1541.54	1921.7	1426.96	1989.58	
440.1499424_MZ	Folic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Folic acid is a member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (poaceae). Folic acid, being biochemically inactive, is converted to tetrahydrofolic acid and methyltetrahydrofolate by dihydrofolate reductase. These folic acid congeners are transported across cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis where they are needed to maintain normal erythropoiesis, synthesize purine and thymidylate nucleic acids, interconvert amino acids, methylated tRNA, and generate and use formate. Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.	C19H19N7O6		None	None	None	2723.92	3118.01	3588.41	3677.48	3247.98	5136.52	3237.38	3213.27	3324.92	3517.23	3838.31	2544.85	3255.38	3685.14	5060.59	1979.17	2711.16	2687.97	2455.48	2022.1	3638.31	2261.64	2951.16	3247.68	2481.68	3075.9	3085.77	2523.94	4211.11	2931.5	4092.95	2468.4	1988.73	2090.53	2610.77	3628.09	3396.73	2593.05	2341.84	
443.3517388_MZ	3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate is a steroid biosynthesis intermediate. It is a substrate for sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.170) and participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ = 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one + CO2 + NAD(P)H. It is also produced by methylsterol hydroxylase. It participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.	C29H48O3, 4alpha-carboxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol		None	None	None	2670.14	2622.28	2718.45	2300.54	2814.96	1955.96	2954.37	2313.38	2517.16	2136.29	2783.39	2591.23	2399.46	2507.35	1638.2	4120.92	1970.82	3876.87	2507.3	2621.97	2386.0	3251.51	2573.3	2496.62	2554.59	2298.17	3012.18	2405.18	2564.78	2435.9	2242.79	2494.27	2704.35	2870.9	1991.86	2051.74	2681.61	2034.06	3725.8	
444.2502275_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C19H40NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/14:0) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine or a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C19H40NO7P		None	None	None	2982.7	2959.31	2623.8	2986.3	2274.12	3696.29	2033.75	2347.61	3397.29	2411.64	2692.95	1876.09	4880.04	2567.63	1833.85	1917.52	1978.46	2466.65	2435.71	1593.92	2933.49	2993.1	2795.71	3145.49	1565.4	2316.89	2305.58	1452.92	3388.98	1854.42	1717.34	1822.46	1438.2	1230.24	2470.48	2027.71	3051.2	2087.62	1564.68	
445.3678756_MZ	13'-hydroxy-alpha-tocopherol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	13'-hydroxy-alpha-tocopherol is the precursor in dehydrogenation to 13'-carboxy-alpha-tocopherol by an unidentified microsomal enzyme(s) probably via an aldehyde intermediate. The tocopherols ( a-tocopherol , b-tocopherol ,r-tocopherol and d-tocopherol ) and their corresponding tocotrienols are synthesized by plants and have vitamin E antixoidant activity (see pathway vitamin E biosynthesis ). They differ in the number and location of methyl groups on the chromanol ring. The naturally occurring form of a-tocopherol is (2R,4'R,8'R)-a-tocopherol (synonym (R,R,R)-a-tocopherol). Synthetic a-tocopherols are a racemic mixture of eight different R and S stereoisomers. Only the 2R forms are recognized as meeting human requirements. The in vivo function of vitamin E is to scavenge peroxyl radicals via its phenolic (chromanol) hydroxyl group, thus protecting lipids against free radical-catalyzed peroxidation. The tocopheryl radical formed can then be reduced by reductants such as L-ascorbate. Other major products of a-tocopherol oxidation include &#945;-tocopherylquinone and epoxy-a-tocopherols. The metabolites a-tocopheronic acid and its lactone, known as the Simon metabolites, are generally believed to be artefacts. In addition to these oxidation products, the other major class of tocopherol metabolites is the carboxyethyl-hydroxychromans.These metabolites are produced in significant amounts in response to excess vitamin E ingestion. Vitamin E is fat-soluble and its utilization requires intestinal fat absorption mechanisms. It is secreted from the intestine into the lymphatic system in chylomicrons which subsequently enter the plasma. Lipolysis of these chylomicrons can result in delivery of vitamin E to tissues, transfer to high-density lipoproteins (and subsequently to other lipoproteins via the phospholipid exchange protein), or retention in chylomicron remnants. These remnants are taken up by the liver. Natural (R,R,R)-&#945;-tocopherol and synthetic 2R-&#945;-tocopherols are then preferentially secreted from the liver into plasma as a result of the specificity of the &#945;-tocopherol transfer protein. This protein, along with the metabolism of excess vitamin E in the liver and excretion into urine and bile, mediate the supply of a-tocopherol in plasma and tissues.	C29H50O3		None	None	None	9183.54	8509.94	13362.3	9077.9	15615.5	8070.0	15890.1	6963.18	11080.2	10718.2	11514.1	17613.2	10540.7	7711.59	5812.71	12098.3	8891.02	12388.9	8209.59	11930.3	8920.81	7973.16	14832.5	7226.79	15378.1	8929.89	11988.8	9378.43	8607.92	7817.96	10371.0	8779.82	14391.0	20053.7	5333.4	7580.92	7210.78	10064.0	19959.7	
446.0186989_MZ	Adenosine phosphosulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine phosphosulfate (also known as APS) is the initial compound formed by the action of ATP sulfurylase (or PAPS synthetase) on sulfate ions after sulfate uptake. PAPS synthetase 1 is a bifunctional enzyme with both ATP sulfurylase and APS kinase activity, which mediates two steps in the sulfate activation pathway. The first step is the transfer of a sulfate group to ATP to yield adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS), and the second step is the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to APS yielding 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate (PAPS). In mammals, PAPS is the sole source of sulfate; APS appears to be only an intermediate in the sulfate-activation pathway.	C10H14N5O10PS		None	None	None	5769.14	7700.12	6617.54	6253.59	6515.93	8363.96	7278.67	6289.94	6528.1	6410.99	6525.25	7053.28	7332.38	7012.54	9739.51	7537.63	7631.55	6090.55	6414.88	6204.66	6620.92	5787.75	7367.16	7063.78	6554.56	6725.28	7550.43	7186.5	7133.96	6503.78	7177.83	6168.98	5446.4	6235.78	7082.97	7866.11	7199.13	7039.2	6122.66	
446.0831902_MZ	Se-Adenosylselenomethionine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Se-Adenosylselenomethionine is an intermediate in Selenoamino acid metabolism. Se-Adenosylselenomethionine is converted from Selenomethionine via the enzyme S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (EC 2.5.1.6). It is then. converted to Se-Adenosylselenohomocysteine via the enzyme Transferases (EC 2.1.1.-).	C15H23N6O5Se		None	None	None	4176.43	5793.31	4485.73	3776.47	3980.93	5588.87	4601.38	4121.05	4116.91	3737.66	3838.26	4368.09	3977.99	4066.8	4759.89	4073.82	4475.92	4072.29	5091.19	4038.33	4123.8	3573.08	3665.11	4195.0	4465.66	4984.03	4123.32	3958.24	5121.41	4961.29	3185.46	3923.73	2822.48	3353.85	4430.72	3986.16	4007.87	3746.39	3797.9	
447.2105927_MZ	17-alpha-estradiol-3-glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	17-alpha-estradiol-3-glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of 17alpha-estradiol generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C24H32O8, 17-beta-estradiol glucuronide, 2-Methoxyestrone 3-glucuronide		None	None	None	5884.24	6597.23	5450.75	6669.56	4730.94	7739.24	5047.48	5035.38	5900.4	6970.4	6177.47	3822.62	5603.44	5901.65	5050.66	5446.71	4386.18	5894.52	4917.63	3804.23	5485.07	6283.96	5841.67	6633.94	3770.57	4869.59	5037.0	3791.16	10031.5	4557.67	5718.92	4240.99	4041.61	3656.83	4986.14	4780.27	5978.77	4620.41	3970.89	
447.4047491_MZ	Tetrahymanol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetrahymanol is involved in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahymanol is produced from squalene.	C30H52O, 24_25-Dihydrolanosterol		None	None	None	317.308	388.86	239.168	452.679	261.869	242.764	377.346	261.691	155.43	383.443	388.827	294.265	320.49	351.026	994.4	732.759	213.531	382.368	251.545	255.469	323.639	322.645	753.458	329.658	225.763	390.438	344.404	298.846	187.498	261.765	1207.26	317.467	406.667	260.609	205.581	260.443	304.147	242.595	440.161	
448.3065689_MZ	Chenodeoxyglycocholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Chenodeoxyglycocholic acid is a glycine conjugated bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C26H43NO5, Glycoursodeoxycholic acid		None	None	None	1759.0	1620.91	1487.07	1440.76	3127.95	2023.95	1911.66	1655.04	1287.5	1352.2	1980.08	2828.24	1755.53	1996.14	1424.94	1482.62	3670.52	2100.49	1411.08	1023.24	1513.52	1782.78	1651.13	2246.22	1397.47	4093.66	1264.32	1386.31	1804.93	1753.14	1844.91	2313.74	1315.79	1110.54	1224.85	1796.7	1667.58	1017.53	1899.1	
450.2577624_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C21H42NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/16:1(9Z)) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine or a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C21H42NO7P		None	None	None	3391.53	3058.75	3615.43	3590.77	4710.26	4643.14	3500.21	3655.89	4212.82	3145.74	4867.34	2913.29	3903.59	4853.58	2744.28	4409.19	3437.12	4095.37	2582.3	2589.38	4405.97	3413.91	4401.9	4511.19	3473.18	4020.39	3164.29	2019.84	4929.95	3890.29	4753.96	3280.58	2315.84	2015.94	3325.69	2871.23	3526.21	2753.23	3287.52	
451.2045854_MZ	20-Oxo-leukotriene E4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	20-oxo-leukotriene E4 is a metabolite through lipid oxidation of Leukotriene E4 (LTE4).Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) is a cysteinyl leukotriene. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are a family of potent inflammatory mediators that appear to contribute to the pathophysiologic features of allergic rhinitis. Nasal blockage induced by CysLTs is mainly due to dilatation of nasal blood vessels, which can be induced by the nitric oxide produced through CysLT1 receptor activation. LTE4, activate contractile and inflammatory processes via specific interaction with putative seven transmembrane-spanning receptors that couple to G proteins and subsequent intracellular signaling pathways. LTE4 is metabolized from leukotriene C4 in a reaction catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and a particulate dipeptidase from kidney. (PMID: 12607939, 12432945, 6311078). Leukotrienes are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways.	C23H34NO6S		None	None	None	2872.99	3497.34	4403.62	4452.13	3499.18	4554.14	3372.51	4121.64	3510.54	4173.46	3337.93	2175.06	3257.73	4839.2	4255.58	2591.3	3172.13	4287.78	2871.34	1853.28	3192.75	2956.32	3712.67	4440.39	2010.76	3966.77	3071.73	2026.96	3608.39	2780.94	4763.98	2953.01	2430.01	1924.43	2618.58	2796.02	3352.69	2385.04	1909.26	
454.3960844_MZ	Arachidyl carnitine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Arachidyl carnitine is an acylcarnitine. Numerous disorders have been described that lead to disturbances in energy production and in intermediary metabolism in the organism which are characterized by the production and excretion of unusual acylcarnitines. A mutation in the gene coding for carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase or the OCTN2 transporter aetiologically causes a carnitine deficiency that results in poor intestinal absorption of dietary L-carnitine, its impaired reabsorption by the kidney and, consequently, in increased urinary loss of L-carnitine. Determination of the qualitative pattern of acylcarnitines can be of diagnostic and therapeutic importance. The betaine structure of carnitine requires special analytical procedures for recording. The ionic nature of L-carnitine causes a high water solubility which decreases with increasing chain length of the ester group in the acylcarnitines. Therefore, the distribution of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in various organs is defined by their function and their physico-chemical properties as well. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) permits screening for free and total carnitine, as well as complete quantitative acylcarnitine determination, including the long-chain acylcarnitine profile. (PMID: 17508264, Monatshefte fuer Chemie (2005), 136(8), 1279-1291., Int J Mass Spectrom. 1999;188:39-52.).	C27H53NO4		None	None	None	1263.14	1586.16	2384.86	1818.96	1359.73	1216.33	1626.31	2606.43	1458.6	1431.23	1510.14	1122.02	1245.57	1870.84	2047.18	1950.13	1305.28	2368.2	1164.07	1059.34	1464.29	1851.05	1695.09	1674.27	1269.91	1424.65	1628.7	1225.87	1321.67	1332.8	2344.48	1454.98	1782.68	1208.03	1213.46	1234.47	1456.78	1332.27	1887.1	
455.0899139_MZ	Flavin Mononucleotide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), or riboflavin-5‰Û_-phosphate, is a biomolecule produced from riboflavin (vitamin B2) by the enzyme riboflavin kinase and functions as prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases including NADH dehydrogenase as well as cofactor in biological blue-light photo receptors. During the catalytic cycle, the reversible interconversion of oxidized (FMN), semiquinone (FMNH‰Û¢) and reduced (FMNH2) forms occurs in the various oxidoreductases. FMN is a stronger oxidizing agent than NAD and is particularly useful because it can take part in both one- and two-electron transfers. Flavin mononucleotide is also used as an orange-red food colour additive. It is the principal form in which riboflavin is found in cells and tissues.	C17H21N4O9P		None	None	None	16748.1	20078.5	19474.3	13317.0	19772.4	17187.9	18911.0	15431.0	19129.4	12260.3	14833.0	19308.9	14713.9	15223.1	18644.5	19185.2	16828.7	15473.4	21183.1	12931.6	16444.0	17277.1	16180.9	18546.3	15520.0	18755.7	21260.4	13226.1	15533.7	18638.6	14845.0	16807.8	9474.28	17663.9	16200.0	17369.7	17426.3	16750.1	11760.1	
460.3286873_MZ	Galactosylsphingosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C24H47NO7, Glucosylsphingosine		None	None	None	11474.1	18626.1	12559.0	12139.4	12946.9	10990.3	15062.2	12470.3	14272.1	9680.04	13929.4	12021.8	9171.3	12265.5	8326.95	36721.8	8752.23	17936.5	14013.4	12085.8	11232.3	21247.6	9868.31	12654.7	8874.94	10495.0	15620.9	11878.1	11878.0	12841.4	15708.9	9578.41	13317.3	11117.6	7177.27	12005.2	18476.7	9716.94	22363.2	
462.0594119_MZ	Chondroitin sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C13H21NO15S		None	None	None	7875.7	8414.74	19489.6	7511.39	24246.7	10089.3	21456.7	15492.3	15638.1	9232.78	8239.87	17924.8	10806.6	20252.9	17593.4	9874.21	16195.7	13213.4	9545.28	10289.8	12381.9	8018.59	20738.4	9564.35	9605.86	19229.8	16086.3	6952.64	10336.9	20075.7	13180.8	13231.8	13233.5	8717.42	9483.62	7661.58	7020.45	9558.92	16251.9	
463.2850229_MZ	1_25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-26_23-lactone	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C27H40O5		None	None	None	7488.76	6007.6	6814.31	5619.27	7150.97	7088.07	7047.8	8466.59	6799.96	5838.35	7511.08	7470.77	5333.76	5240.71	4597.83	10230.4	4572.38	8337.43	5829.68	4918.26	6816.46	5993.01	5537.81	7180.11	5988.22	5559.29	8445.93	5312.18	6540.68	6683.66	7755.38	5344.29	5223.92	5701.39	4877.02	5260.46	5945.65	4774.9	7617.47	
464.3003578_MZ	3a_7b_12a-Trihydroxyoxocholanyl-Glycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3a,7b,12a-Trihydroxyoxocholanyl-Glycine is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID:16949895). 3a,7b,12a-Trihydroxyoxocholanyl-Glycine is a specific ketonic bile acid found in the urine of infants during the neonatal period. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12.	C26H43NO6, Glycocholic acid		None	None	None	8611.35	4301.04	4013.17	6486.72	13077.8	12180.9	11605.4	6806.87	3086.42	6162.0	8201.65	17430.0	10016.8	5397.39	2214.81	3625.94	11917.8	10945.5	6361.29	8768.49	5207.64	7648.03	7788.55	15118.9	3986.77	15630.2	2632.8	12180.2	8476.76	4985.32	5584.63	9538.57	4467.5	5005.72	2089.94	8396.2	3613.2	5207.61	7208.94	
465.3034425_MZ	Cholesterol sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cholesterol sulfate is a sterol sulfate in human plasma. It is a component of cell membrane and has a regulatory function. It has a stabilizing function on the membrane, supports platelet adhesion and involves in signal transduction. (PMID 12730293).	C27H46O4S		None	None	None	139490.0	143735.0	147573.0	97437.6	116763.0	133558.0	173173.0	87292.4	91157.6	117527.0	61448.9	245291.0	85403.8	98145.2	108939.0	163617.0	66035.9	174220.0	115898.0	96217.0	96763.4	101362.0	93027.9	89556.1	116201.0	126081.0	217514.0	122935.0	143349.0	170175.0	188471.0	84728.9	143222.0	78696.3	58660.6	88102.7	117152.0	75150.3	120520.0	
468.0680712_MZ	2-(a-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C14H23N4O8P2S		None	None	None	3297.1	3217.83	3237.18	2665.2	3004.84	4300.98	3528.43	3134.26	2652.23	2964.57	2639.98	3513.44	2986.97	3347.33	5177.37	3906.7	3300.91	3360.1	3204.83	2455.12	2783.51	2603.3	2713.78	3028.37	2950.37	3425.75	3821.89	2898.6	3198.5	3678.26	3193.27	3217.3	2385.61	2689.04	2853.58	2916.42	3434.49	2856.4	2762.87	
469.3519518_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride with formula C27H50O6	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(8:0/8:0/8:0) or tricaprylic glyceride is a trioctanoic acid triglyceride or medium chain triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(8:0/8:0/8:0), in particular, consists of one chain of octanoic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of octanoic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of octanoic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C27H50O6		None	None	None	2691.46	2214.03	3586.03	1999.01	2143.78	2422.86	2430.78	3954.91	2186.5	2057.11	2208.52	1585.37	1919.46	3070.37	2141.55	2602.1	1679.99	3860.61	2127.44	1563.54	2177.22	2845.62	1941.86	2516.68	1596.56	2225.42	2310.64	1638.46	2592.53	2187.33	2310.67	2136.82	2153.22	1766.92	1755.22	1869.72	2537.61	1665.99	1885.48	
473.1877143_MZ	Sildenafil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sildenafil is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. It was initially studied for use in hypertension (high blood pressure) and angina pectoris (a form of ischaemic cardiovascular disease). Phase I clinical trials under the direction of Ian Osterloh suggested that the drug had little effect on angina, but that it could induce marked penile erections; Sildenafil is a potent and selective inhibitor of cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) which is responsible for degradation of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. The molecular structure of sildenafil is similar to that of cGMP and acts as a competitive binding agent of PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum, resulting in more cGMP and better erections. Without sexual stimulation, and therefore lack of activation of the NO/cGMP system, sildenafil should not cause an erection. Other drugs that operate by the same mechanism include tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra); Sildenafil citrate, sold under the names Viagra, Revatio and generically under various other names, is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. Viagra pills are blue and diamond-shaped with the words 'Pfizer' on one side, and 'VGR xx' (where xx stands for '25', '50' or '100', the dose of that pill in milligrams) on the other. Its primary competitors on the market are tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra).	C22H30N6O4S		None	None	None	3162.97	3382.83	4604.39	2915.4	3195.84	3792.15	3535.75	5311.82	3291.05	3021.87	3649.22	2595.58	2896.49	4030.52	2516.32	3145.24	3327.85	4005.0	2915.73	2187.53	3448.44	3586.29	3706.79	3441.2	2477.38	3645.23	4335.29	2103.67	3928.69	2641.54	2800.8	3606.77	2255.19	2061.01	2834.33	2345.7	3282.21	2342.55	1908.7	
473.2814184_MZ	Verapamil	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C27H38N2O4		None	None	None	103804.0	77938.8	93581.6	91109.6	111096.0	64120.6	133639.0	111462.0	90018.8	78277.8	118805.0	94062.1	71793.9	63458.0	40832.4	123690.0	65570.8	105227.0	77288.8	55043.4	89622.5	92740.1	67773.1	109080.0	81857.6	51513.1	92578.3	52762.9	81040.5	54103.7	71443.6	70868.6	78702.1	78593.9	58515.8	49256.0	79365.4	56693.7	130325.0	
473.3252732_MZ	27-Norcholestanehexol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	27-Norcholestanehexol is a bile alcohol. Bile alcohols have been found to be present as minor components in the bile and urine in healthy subjects. Bile alcohols are end products for cholesterol elimination as well as major biliary constituents; in mammals, cholesterol is metabolized by additional enzymes that ultimately transform it to bile acids. Bile alcohols are preferentially excreted as glucuronides into the urine, which constitute about 10% of total bile acids. The excretion of glucuronidated bile alcohols in urine is suggested to reflect an alternative metabolism of intermediates in the normal biosynthesis of bile acids. (PMID: 6548247, 11718684).	C26H46O6		None	None	None	5200.23	4175.63	4396.09	4450.79	4825.65	4131.45	5095.37	5010.22	4651.97	4107.5	5311.27	4140.28	3591.2	3564.55	2631.4	5746.73	3032.95	5523.55	3982.95	2744.44	4206.22	4849.88	5890.01	6867.16	3625.47	5253.2	4654.93	2656.3	4561.4	3551.31	4152.13	3499.15	3462.32	3344.68	3662.29	2720.33	4323.56	3154.75	5071.76	
478.1847716_MZ	5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF) is the most biologically active form of the B-vitamin known as folic acid, also known generically as folate. 5-MTHF functions, in concert with vitamin B12, as a methyl-group donor involved in the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine to methionine. Methyl (CH3) group donation is vital to many bodily processes, including serotonin, melatonin, and DNA synthesis. Therapeutically, 5-MTHF is instrumental in reducing homocysteine levels, preventing neural tube defects, and improving vascular endothelial function. Research on folate supplementation suggests it plays a key role in preventing cervical dysplasia and protecting against neoplasia in ulcerative colitis. Folic acid also shows promise as part of a nutritional protocol to treat vitiligo, and may reduce inflammation of the gingiva. Furthermore, certain neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric presentations may be secondary to folate deficiency. Such presentations include depression, peripheral neuropathy, myelopathy, restless legs syndrome, insomnia, dementia, forgetfulness, irritability, endogenous depression, organic psychosis, and schizophrenia-like syndromes. After ingestion, the process of conversion of folic acid to the metabolically active coenzyme forms is relatively complex. Synthesis of the active forms of folic acid requires several enzymes, adequate liver and intestinal function, and adequate supplies of riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), zinc, vitamin C, and serine. After formation of the coenzyme forms of the vitamin in the liver, these metabolically active compounds are secreted into the small intestine with bile (the folate enterohepatic cycle), where they are reabsorbed and distributed to tissues throughout the body. Human pharmacokinetic studies indicate folic acid has high bioavailability, with large oral doses of folic acid substantially raising plasma levels in healthy subjects in a time and dose dependent manner. Red blood cells (RBCs) appear to be the storage depot for folic acid, as RBC levels remain elevated for periods in excess of 40 days following discontinuation of supplementation. Folic acid is poorly transported to the brain and rapidly cleared from the central nervous system. The primary methods of elimination of absorbed folic acid are fecal (through bile) and urinary. Despite the biochemical complexity of this process, evidence suggests oral supplementation with folic acid increases the body's pool of 5-MTHF in healthy individuals. However, enzyme defects, mal-absorption, digestive system pathology, and liver disease can result in impaired ability to activate folic acid. In fact, some individuals have a severe congenital deficiency of the enzyme Methyl tetrahydrofolate reductase (5-MTHFR), which is needed to convert folic acid to 5-MTHF. Milder forms of this enzyme defect likely interact with dietary folate status to determine risk for some disease conditions. In individuals with a genetic defect of this enzyme (whether mild or severe), supplementation with 5- MTHF might be preferable to folic acid supplementation. (PMID: 17176169).	C20H25N7O6		None	None	None	6313.74	13569.7	25413.6	11776.9	30479.9	66029.7	18812.9	6034.48	23281.4	17983.7	46464.5	10934.6	12459.3	35709.2	17479.2	8932.7	8399.45	5805.68	7623.66	8811.93	33887.1	5877.36	12677.1	13433.3	21763.6	12592.4	10697.1	16807.9	23917.0	16473.6	19038.6	11206.7	7068.66	9640.04	9529.23	26844.8	11949.4	20404.0	13835.8	
478.2925340_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C23H46NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/18:1(11Z)) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine or a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C23H46NO7P		None	None	None	23781.6	20604.7	37184.5	33402.4	61596.2	32785.9	36285.2	40297.2	45147.8	24221.1	42597.0	54241.6	35832.4	38358.7	19128.2	36713.5	31814.1	54699.1	21725.8	40477.1	45768.6	24178.8	42737.0	40215.2	43437.8	35407.4	30681.8	19799.6	24186.7	38541.5	51264.9	31902.2	20724.6	34402.6	26128.6	21408.5	27355.4	29675.8	50773.7	
481.2422399_MZ	11-beta-hydroxyandrosterone-3-glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	11-beta-hydroxyandrosterone-3-glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of 11beta-hydroxyandrosterone generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C25H38O9		None	None	None	5009.96	5041.5	7387.14	6039.52	7806.39	6389.64	6090.37	7888.34	5610.43	5629.32	6120.86	5467.13	5456.93	7000.91	5158.09	4142.72	4643.54	6315.24	4018.06	4473.76	5677.56	4950.1	5530.65	6149.26	4141.48	6009.73	5131.59	3990.08	6165.12	5438.61	6709.2	5253.59	4353.43	4426.46	4442.02	4517.82	5203.74	4002.25	5522.97	
481.9773000_MZ	Cytidine triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) or CTP is a cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to a ribose moiety at the 5' position. CTP is integral to the synthesis or mRNA, rRNA and tRNA through RNA polymerases. Cytidine triphosphate (CTP) is also critical to the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine via the enzyme CTP: phosphocholine cytidyltransferase. This reaction is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine.	C9H16N3O14P3		None	None	None	28754.9	28803.4	34080.5	25977.5	32381.1	29636.7	36039.0	34989.8	32638.2	23898.7	28525.0	29582.6	29171.1	32254.4	31119.6	30842.5	29495.2	29752.9	29258.3	25374.9	29794.3	28683.2	27186.9	29677.1	27646.0	31367.9	28584.6	26847.3	30244.4	41424.4	26247.5	30537.5	23608.0	25633.1	29569.8	29831.9	27433.3	28077.5	28494.9	
482.9661752_MZ	Uridine triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. Uridine triphosphate has the role of a source of energy or an activator of substrates in metabolic reactions, like that of adenosine triphosphate, but more specific. When Uridine triphosphate activates a substrate, UDP-substrate is usually formed and inorganic phosphate is released. (Wikipedia).	C9H15N2O15P3		None	None	None	33604.4	28338.1	58123.0	26693.1	44382.8	32991.8	46316.4	57343.0	23996.5	23568.4	35508.6	40819.3	37791.6	39206.2	45380.3	21175.9	31590.3	33091.3	34827.3	23535.7	33975.7	24153.2	19095.5	37624.6	30042.1	40592.4	26082.5	22356.2	30754.6	92600.5	29752.0	42751.5	20260.0	28546.1	18457.5	20955.6	23606.0	19236.7	31411.0	
484.2714257_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine (14:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(14:1(9Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(14:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C22H44NO7P		None	None	None	5778.77	3619.09	6071.5	4006.07	7942.26	6313.34	5975.16	5743.07	4498.33	4593.11	5790.29	7672.35	7857.26	5743.24	4120.04	6279.22	4184.2	5732.64	4442.08	5659.72	4616.34	4824.33	6507.69	5797.25	4117.23	7316.33	3826.18	5751.22	6325.25	5701.45	5684.39	7904.2	3815.4	4623.8	3110.8	4051.11	3949.81	4152.33	5562.03	
489.0175979_MZ	1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate is a substrate for FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase and Neutrophil cytosol factor 4.	C11H20O16P2		None	None	None	5159.3	7963.67	7221.97	11159.8	6477.27	7447.34	6375.79	4574.64	6619.73	8026.61	6699.45	8255.62	6323.89	8700.94	8032.75	6078.57	7455.25	6299.76	5992.25	7098.71	6810.77	5260.64	7446.08	6714.37	8058.31	7433.66	6172.41	6923.04	6594.84	6054.2	10219.0	5474.43	5042.72	6221.6	7717.04	7316.18	6666.47	7163.83	6639.05	
489.3219718_MZ	Glycyrrhetinic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycyrrhetinic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid derivative of the beta-amyrin type obtained from the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid, which was obtained from the herb liquorice. It is used in flavouring and it masks the bitter taste of drugs like aloe and quinine. It is effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer and also has expectorant (antitussive) properties (Chandler,1985). In glycyrrhetinic acid the functional group (R) is a hydroxyl group. Research in 2005 demonstrated that with a proper functional group a very effective glycyrrhetinic artificial sweetener can be obtained. When R is an anionic NHCO(CH2)CO2K side chain, the sweetening effect is found to 1200 times that of sugar (human sensory panel data). A shorter or longer spacer reduces the sweetening effect. One explanation is that the taste bud cell receptor has 1.3 nanometers (13 angstroms) available for docking with the sweetener molecule. In addition the sweetener molecule requires three proton donor positions of which two reside at the extremities to be able to interact efficiently with the receptor cavity (Wikipedia).	C30H46O4		None	None	None	7110.47	5218.57	5630.13	5176.71	5384.79	8122.39	6618.35	10743.1	7407.79	7049.99	7683.39	2955.66	8020.6	5510.93	3878.28	7252.74	4714.73	7442.12	5521.94	3146.0	7303.54	8289.54	8702.35	8579.71	3604.73	6548.23	9616.47	2624.72	17069.9	7098.34	5352.62	5517.58	4177.62	3567.24	4629.18	3430.88	5101.87	7471.65	2978.57	
494.3231446_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine (16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(16:0) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C24H50NO7P		None	None	None	7109.94	7346.49	7008.14	7123.15	8593.31	8916.77	7777.82	7699.13	8784.26	6900.25	9909.94	11202.7	6119.96	7388.4	5027.51	9189.62	5260.04	10656.5	6914.84	6421.27	8929.47	5611.98	7275.9	8348.59	7589.53	6835.44	9360.48	5480.19	9582.24	7818.01	8154.33	6970.45	5314.18	7908.69	5668.99	5725.44	5918.49	6213.53	11099.2	
495.2662560_MZ	APGPR Enterostatin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Enterostatin APGPR (Ala-Pro-Gly-Pro-Arg) is a pentapeptide released from procolipase during fat digestion. In addition to the pancreas, enterostatin-immunoreactive cells are also present in the antrum and proximal small intestine. Enterostatin selectively reduces fat intake, decreases insulin secretion, and also increases energy expenditure by activating brown adipose tissue during high-fat feeding. Enterostatins are pentapeptides derived from the NH2-terminus of procolipase after tryptic cleavage and belong to the family of gut-brain peptides. Enterostatin is generated by the action of trypsin on procolipase in the intestinal lumen. Its structure is highly conserved in evolution, with an amino acid sequence of XPXPR. Three enterostatin sequences, Val-Pro-Asp-Pro-Arg (VPDPR), Val-Pro-Gly-Pro-Arg (VPGPR), and Ala-Pro-Gly-Pro-Arg (APGPR), have been studied extensively and shown to be almost equally effective in their ability to decrease dietary fat preference. Enterostatins are selective inhibitors of appetite, particularly of fat intake. Hyperenterostatinemia in obesity is probably secondary to enterostatin resistance; therefore, the regulatory system is producing more enterostatin to counteract the resistance. This is very similar to hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia in obesity. The diminution in the meal-induced secretion of enterostatin in obesity suggests a delay in the appearance of satiety, leading to increased caloric intake. In rats enterostatin decreases body weight by decreasing fat-calorie intake and increasing the sympathetic firing rate of the nerves in interscapular brown adipose tissue. Enterostatin levels are elevated in the plasma of obese women, and enterostatin secretion is diminished after satiety. Oral administration of enterostatin, however, has no effect on food intake, energy expenditure, or body weight in subjects with a preference for a high-fat diet experiencing a negative energy and fat balance, and the physiology of enterostatin in humans remains to be defined. (PMID: 10084574, 9526102, 8886249).	C21H36N8O6		None	None	None	6860.48	5033.71	9893.47	7370.73	12013.3	8247.15	7884.01	7270.08	8921.84	7041.79	7727.23	7218.71	7105.99	9175.63	5769.22	5110.21	5719.5	12142.3	5364.44	6103.15	7770.21	4997.54	8071.87	8296.25	7708.79	7697.0	5894.55	7019.55	7564.9	6939.35	6873.95	6864.48	4992.33	7356.91	4929.18	7668.45	5032.82	5252.02	7701.89	
498.2885195_MZ	Taurochenodesoxycholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Taurochenodesoxycholic acid is a bile acid formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C26H45NO6S, Taurodeoxycholic acid, Tauroursodeoxycholic acid		None	None	None	848899.0	291500.0	836916.0	399299.0	619560.0	403814.0	773855.0	267687.0	610608.0	409078.0	277605.0	1290460.0	459294.0	771243.0	718074.0	420752.0	442871.0	665086.0	433451.0	432746.0	319982.0	436985.0	592397.0	514428.0	375419.0	1067870.0	262601.0	649038.0	336066.0	444706.0	482468.0	668979.0	343670.0	538330.0	331160.0	355611.0	282282.0	386488.0	597071.0	
500.9876916_MZ	Thymidine 5'-triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C10H17N2O14P3		None	None	None	5766.05	5907.84	5830.13	5728.54	5114.26	6172.45	5515.45	5231.38	5685.91	5269.79	6334.17	6297.92	6487.67	5899.34	5996.39	6368.31	5506.01	5877.08	5599.41	5626.93	5188.01	5389.5	5315.05	6183.62	5486.3	5276.12	5738.42	6059.68	5937.76	5733.27	5936.6	5010.16	4405.81	5609.89	5479.88	6498.44	5993.38	4730.57	5782.05	
503.1614319_MZ	Maltotriose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Maltotriose is a common oligosaccharide metabolite found in human urine after maltose ingestion or infusion (PMID 6645121). Maltotriose is increased in Glycogen storage disease II (OMIM 232300) due to a mutation of the enzyme alpha-1,4-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) (4286143).	C18H32O16, Raffinose, Levan, 3-Galactosyllactose, Dextrin, 1-Kestose, Melezitose		None	None	None	31305.6	38580.3	23317.7	22772.7	24931.7	46211.2	26677.4	21615.0	39072.6	76212.6	46106.1	40028.7	37601.1	60863.5	40057.8	46699.7	87866.0	40806.1	43672.9	41617.1	50232.6	33503.9	26209.2	45905.3	32399.9	103140.0	39040.9	84478.6	74316.2	53442.8	30934.0	37801.6	24021.0	23142.5	27081.5	61435.3	84995.5	29555.1	35546.4	
504.3081299_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C25H48NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine or a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C25H48NO7P		None	None	None	15655.7	11727.2	10089.0	9385.18	11286.8	10391.5	12913.7	13928.1	14145.9	7991.36	11860.0	18588.4	14373.6	7619.27	10578.4	17594.7	9329.99	15449.6	13259.1	8219.75	12605.2	12674.7	10557.0	11318.6	9314.47	16935.0	14087.4	8438.67	12605.4	12953.0	12027.9	11193.4	8005.76	9320.51	8191.7	7253.0	13009.5	7811.76	12320.6	
505.9878006_MZ	Adenosine triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide consisting of a purine base (adenine) attached to the first carbon atom of ribose (a pentose sugar). Three phosphate groups are esterified at the fifth carbon atom of the ribose. ATP is incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the processes of DNA replication and transcription. ATP contributes to cellular energy charge and participates in overall energy balance, maintaining cellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule via interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a wide variety of processes as diverse as neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodelling. Extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine have also been shown to exert a variety of effects on nearly every cell type in human skin, and ATP seems to play a direct role in triggering skin inflammatory, regenerative, and fibrotic responses to mechanical injury, an indirect role in melanocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and a complex role in Langerhans cell-directed adaptive immunity. During exercise, intracellular homeostasis depends on the matching of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply and ATP demand. Metabolites play a useful role in communicating the extent of ATP demand to the metabolic supply pathways. Effects as different as proliferation or differentiation, chemotaxis, release of cytokines or lysosomal constituents, and generation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species are elicited upon stimulation of blood cells with extracellular ATP. The increased concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in erythrocytes from patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) has been observed in many studies but the mechanism leading to these abnormalities still is controversial. (PMID: 15490415, 15129319, 14707763, 14696970, 11157473).	C10H16N5O13P3, dGTP		None	None	None	417971.0	415975.0	807438.0	334560.0	829886.0	416281.0	811888.0	970564.0	450478.0	331482.0	447320.0	536044.0	643852.0	670475.0	615140.0	249093.0	424524.0	481932.0	490934.0	361158.0	588506.0	267339.0	394857.0	441651.0	384704.0	660796.0	334470.0	206712.0	391093.0	1715810.0	413691.0	568326.0	249950.0	421262.0	255182.0	190306.0	229660.0	336163.0	480760.0	
506.9588020_MZ	Inosine triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Inosine triphosphate (ITP) is an intermediate in the purine metabolism pathway. Relatively high levels of ITP in red cells are found in individuals as result of deficiency of inosine triphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.56, ITPase) ITPase is a cytosolic nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase specific for ITP catalysis to inosine monophosphate (IMP) and deoxy-inosine triphosphate (dITP) to deoxy-inosine monophosphate. ITPase deficiency is not associated with any defined pathology other than the characteristic and abnormal accumulation of ITP in red blood cells. Nevertheless, ITPase deficiency may have pharmacogenomic implications, and the abnormal metabolism of 6-mercaptopurine in ITPase-deficient patients may lead to thiopurine drug toxicity. ITPase's function is not clearly understood but possible roles for ITPase could be to prevent the accumulation of rogue nucleotides which would be otherwise incorporated into DNA and RNA, or compete with nucleotides such as GTP in signalling processes. (PMID : 170291, 1204209, 17113761, 17924837).	C10H15N4O14P3		None	None	None	11754.2	12910.5	13439.5	14659.2	12190.4	12337.0	13464.6	11816.4	11631.1	10710.4	11460.1	10689.5	11723.4	14812.9	19306.4	9479.73	10215.6	11834.3	11581.6	10170.7	12148.0	9124.11	11683.0	11173.4	10732.5	13401.2	10549.2	10008.3	11376.7	17153.1	18405.3	11161.0	7164.28	9081.79	9300.37	11551.8	10779.0	8968.12	11322.1	
508.3394647_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C25H52NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C25H52NO7P		None	None	None	75447.7	63432.5	77186.3	54992.8	89010.1	69895.3	80113.2	69167.1	71248.6	57186.9	80715.8	87336.3	53162.8	48545.5	43767.9	134904.0	58134.9	94552.8	57346.8	59552.7	79228.5	54256.9	59893.0	69722.6	73761.9	55845.7	111594.0	54956.3	57024.8	74451.9	81825.7	56972.8	53514.1	76850.1	51213.6	48695.6	56468.1	56745.3	119231.0	
509.4187751_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C31H58O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C31H58O5		None	None	None	1493.69	1330.6	3317.14	1036.0	1276.74	1526.83	2055.94	4438.94	955.224	836.66	1210.46	791.798	1012.17	2362.6	1301.11	1853.26	967.287	4045.47	1102.54	649.135	973.173	1450.68	1102.66	1654.9	843.993	1075.5	2976.9	555.27	1617.26	1926.46	1233.61	1159.71	1384.66	619.11	1412.08	1013.65	991.981	669.063	771.885	
511.4342933_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C31H60O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/14:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/14:0/0:0), in particular, consists of two chains of myristic acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The myristic acid moieties are derived from nutmeg and butter. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol. Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C31H60O5		None	None	None	1058.81	1163.55	2059.65	867.256	920.385	586.013	1152.31	2135.37	843.33	785.868	878.888	982.651	941.284	1265.75	809.134	1022.54	845.998	1907.44	745.333	720.066	867.233	939.221	981.674	1052.19	545.896	1047.1	1177.72	542.746	990.725	1088.63	1413.45	747.808	931.71	643.703	679.318	822.631	840.256	634.907	859.54	
512.2676542_MZ	Sulfolithocholylglycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sulfolithocholylglycine is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID:16949895). Sulfolithocholylglycine is a sulfated bile acids which has a greater renal clearance rate than lithocholylglycine.	C26H43NO7S		None	None	None	261043.0	138747.0	601006.0	158325.0	158936.0	253700.0	394266.0	172721.0	271456.0	276105.0	220062.0	456553.0	419076.0	227211.0	208195.0	103881.0	246352.0	192910.0	113664.0	113772.0	180563.0	195074.0	443745.0	366530.0	104298.0	1453100.0	91376.2	217103.0	222518.0	103639.0	206101.0	309650.0	119404.0	127532.0	211805.0	181359.0	90016.9	138599.0	383300.0	
514.2842602_MZ	Taurocholic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Taurocholic acid is a bile acid and is the product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487 , 16037564 , 12576301 , 11907135 ) Taurocholic acid, as with all bile acids, acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic (a bile purging agent). Hydrolysis of taurocholic acid yields taurine, a nonessential amino acid. Taurocholic acid is one of the main components of urinary nonsulfated bile acids in biliary atresia. Raised levels of the bile acid taurocholate in the fetal serum in obstetric cholestasis may result in the development of a fetal dysrhythmia and in sudden intra-uterine death. (PMID: 3944741 , 11256973 ).	C26H45NO7S, Tauroursocholic acid, Taurallocholic acid, Tauro-b-muricholic acid, Taurohyocholate		None	None	None	8949300.0	5579330.0	13168100.0	7742710.0	7555040.0	7964120.0	10029700.0	5658320.0	8191000.0	9770540.0	5317710.0	10032400.0	11748900.0	8204200.0	8372770.0	6957630.0	9524650.0	7909580.0	8035400.0	8152910.0	6292310.0	7266440.0	11983500.0	8150530.0	4930920.0	10733500.0	5164140.0	10895200.0	7928090.0	6391310.0	6947280.0	8423700.0	5767650.0	8418170.0	6208720.0	8455080.0	5358950.0	7822480.0	8296830.0	
521.8847268_MZ	Molybdopterin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Molybdenum cofactor is a cofactor required for the activity of enzymes such as sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, and aldehyde oxidase. It is a coordination complex formed between molybdopterin (which, despite the name, does not contain molybdenum) and an oxide of molybdenum. Molybdopterins, in turn, are synthesized from guanosine triphosphate. Molybdenum cofactor functions directly in ethylbenzene dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and respiratory arsenate reductase. In animals and plants these enzymes use molybdenum bound at the active site in a tricyclic molybdenum cofactor. All molybdenum-using enzymes so far identified in nature use this cofactor The simplest structure of molybdopterin contains a pyranopterin coordinated to molybdenum. The pyranopterin structure is a fused ring system containing a pyran fused to pterin. In addition, the pyran ring is substituted with two thiols and an alkyl phosphate. In molybdopterin, the thiols coordinate to molybdenum. In some cases, the alkyl phosphate group is replaced by an alkyl diphosphate nucleotide. -- Wikipedia.	C10H12MoN5O8PS2		None	None	None	2659.0	2950.02	2179.96	2904.12	2079.57	2482.77	2061.73	2421.89	2486.91	2413.3	2662.82	2423.26	2675.55	3107.78	5005.97	2270.08	2237.45	2614.29	2635.82	2123.15	2538.37	2657.31	2402.57	2707.04	2515.01	2543.66	2534.36	2600.66	2534.7	2553.44	4877.41	2223.18	1722.0	2016.69	1954.67	3423.03	2714.79	2085.28	2278.08	
521.9818654_MZ	Guanosine triphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. GTP functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical energy into specific biosynthetic pathways. GTP activates the signal transducing G proteins which are involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several intracellular kinase cascades. Proliferation and apoptosis are regulated in part by the hydrolysis of GTP by small GTPases Ras and Rho. Another type of small GTPase, Rab, plays a role in the docking and fusion of vesicles and may also be involved in vesicle formation. In addition to its role in signal transduction, GTP also serves as an energy-rich precursor of mononucleotide units in the enzymatic biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.	C10H16N5O14P3, 8-Oxo-dGTP		None	None	None	24867.9	24344.6	51226.9	20353.4	47951.3	24554.1	52194.0	46256.9	24212.0	20168.2	26800.3	31957.9	33636.2	39507.5	36260.6	19013.8	28235.7	28965.9	24907.3	19813.1	30514.8	18411.2	22647.6	29054.6	21580.4	42497.9	23276.0	14871.0	23568.7	96708.1	27610.1	32819.3	20776.2	26111.4	16400.7	15371.9	16302.8	19617.8	29203.7	
522.3243148_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C25H46NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/20:3(11Z,14Z,17Z)) or LPE(0:0/20:3(11Z,14Z,17Z)) is a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C25H46NO7P		None	None	None	3680.5	4518.99	4162.08	11189.4	7388.7	5605.1	5529.3	4647.74	5168.57	3706.65	4416.44	3810.54	3387.39	5913.34	2951.54	5758.44	3967.58	12816.3	3143.38	9535.21	4717.09	3182.34	6795.66	4320.66	5215.03	5076.58	8805.07	3228.84	4552.15	4954.42	5965.25	4597.73	4549.14	5072.77	2446.88	6399.49	6066.47	4547.1	7035.41	
523.4357061_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C32H60O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:1(9Z)/15:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:1(9Z)/15:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C32H60O5		None	None	None	1260.06	1118.64	1652.53	1037.88	820.48	1207.72	815.984	2017.99	944.059	899.493	1106.86	835.562	1169.23	1625.89	1767.32	1257.64	690.745	1998.3	941.564	602.969	897.98	1234.71	1032.68	1182.49	699.223	992.502	1383.22	607.851	1384.75	1213.01	1338.37	833.839	1048.17	430.34	1107.48	563.591	857.925	427.85	635.575	
525.9730762_MZ	Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.	C10H15N5O13P2S		None	None	None	9299.12	10929.3	10689.7	12388.5	10940.0	11212.7	12633.3	8990.72	10955.6	10792.6	9663.11	9832.1	10309.7	14993.9	15338.7	10502.5	11014.1	9987.76	9109.0	9791.86	10151.3	9250.92	11391.0	10267.3	10091.7	13077.9	11681.6	10297.6	10489.0	9830.27	14080.0	10405.9	9041.23	8464.66	10458.8	13207.7	11428.8	10175.9	9370.44	
526.2936608_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C27H46NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPE(0:0/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine or a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) can function as plant growth regulators with several diverse uses. (LPEs) are approved for outdoor agricultural use to accelerate ripening and improve the quality of fresh produce. They are also approved for indoor use to preserve stored crops and commercial cut flowers. As a breakdown product of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), LPE is present in cells of all organisms.	C27H46NO7P		None	None	None	4026.34	4313.65	5586.83	5349.5	4928.12	6317.8	5742.89	5754.65	7431.4	5151.09	5136.97	6776.56	7544.48	5594.42	2999.0	4645.1	4225.76	7163.69	3304.96	3663.8	5216.68	3489.6	5682.02	5099.17	3898.8	4806.52	4566.69	3071.72	4971.68	5215.32	5218.45	4091.74	3077.27	3662.2	3607.53	3738.0	4036.48	3968.33	5928.54	
528.2631122_MZ	Glycochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.	C26H43NO8S, N-[(3a_5b_7a)-3-hydroxy-24-oxo-7-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine		None	None	None	11358.3	9590.71	13085.7	9731.12	10162.7	13851.8	11193.9	11944.2	12256.8	12863.5	10720.1	11235.1	22314.3	10696.3	10350.1	10611.3	9733.02	11300.6	9475.71	8406.05	10510.1	9347.45	15008.1	11872.1	8412.42	13563.4	8845.26	12124.2	15217.3	9601.77	8837.35	9657.32	8895.96	9080.01	8442.36	9871.56	8784.93	8684.32	11316.7	
532.3451629_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C27H52NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C27H52NO7P		None	None	None	4701.95	3275.42	2753.6	2549.17	3274.23	2584.2	4261.48	4694.06	2453.45	1772.82	2918.84	2066.46	2364.62	1772.1	4117.11	5782.99	2527.6	4173.0	3805.91	1306.26	2636.33	3350.16	2782.12	2721.24	2207.08	3255.18	5091.75	1598.22	2825.43	4392.82	3995.66	3620.54	2068.75	1413.0	1917.48	1479.77	3057.37	2094.58	1997.93	
536.3665487_MZ	Lysophosphatidylethanolamine with formula C27H56NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C27H56NO7P		None	None	None	1410.77	1883.84	1289.27	1338.73	1481.76	1909.76	1083.01	1228.92	1436.67	974.108	2045.17	1949.07	1435.54	1285.44	1535.06	2399.41	979.886	1769.78	1546.56	1001.93	1884.92	1749.63	1631.28	1451.63	1035.72	1716.44	2193.54	1142.7	2171.38	1487.71	2211.11	1102.37	1026.67	1177.42	1098.87	924.791	1252.13	1030.77	1867.25	
536.5034145_MZ	N-Palmitoylsphingosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-Palmitoylsphingosine is a substrate for N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase.	C34H67NO3, Ceramide (d18:1/16:0)		None	None	None	109809.0	21913.1	51394.5	40302.3	92552.7	16853.3	98176.0	86648.7	57245.8	35514.2	47511.7	50859.5	52569.0	45991.6	24342.8	145135.0	29597.2	86587.6	35602.5	40586.4	32077.3	55435.7	46901.2	44632.1	75343.9	34667.1	79827.7	27806.1	26701.5	34342.9	23804.4	86498.6	46814.7	90179.9	25084.2	10959.0	44759.3	55556.7	54688.0	
537.4508361_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C33H62O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C33H62O5		None	None	None	873.743	578.228	1415.57	383.567	579.624	372.72	295.338	2074.43	275.847	293.099	507.554	370.864	435.756	964.886	727.944	788.899	307.392	1552.34	478.724	238.063	399.899	780.995	422.946	727.629	309.268	415.0	757.884	419.456	495.586	651.454	635.637	390.88	442.92	176.772	297.773	446.592	433.001	260.446	151.277	
537.8608254_MZ	Molybdenum cofactor (sulfide)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Molybdenum cofactor reacts wtih L-cysteine to produce molybdenum cofactor (sulfide), L-alanine, and H2O. Molybdenum cofactor sulphurase catalyzes the reaction.	C10H12MoN5O7PS3		None	None	None	2682.04	3239.44	3961.45	2765.31	1702.27	1986.01	4359.82	2641.13	2381.78	2208.45	2216.66	1315.24	2421.95	2856.27	4533.52	2473.49	2267.54	2857.54	2245.9	1310.89	2263.96	2595.93	2469.22	2808.22	1459.13	2565.07	4485.6	1976.64	2064.43	1990.35	5578.84	2428.35	1449.06	1321.4	2232.54	2742.45	2998.12	1886.4	1635.33	
538.3290939_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine (18:2(9Z,12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of linoleic acid at the C-1 position. The linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C26H50NO7P		None	None	None	10915.0	8676.01	7800.04	7699.06	8186.34	8416.75	9958.32	9324.67	9781.66	5975.57	8708.3	11600.9	9814.39	6086.35	8198.34	10862.5	6566.3	12200.7	8825.53	6595.78	8971.17	8955.1	7637.54	7523.69	7491.83	11547.5	10662.3	6490.09	9768.46	10063.0	7134.8	7817.16	6594.92	6974.1	5733.38	7277.12	9005.23	5462.53	8984.48	
539.4551266_MZ	(9-cis,9'-cis)-7,7',8,8'-Tetrahydro-y,y-Carotene	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(9-cis,9'-cis)-7,7',8,8'-tetrahydro-Carotene is a carotenoid found in human fluids. Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesise carotenoids de novo, and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important. (PMID: 1416048, 15003396).	C40H60		None	None	None	925.928	916.976	816.327	699.318	864.246	638.468	897.961	1257.39	600.589	536.92	573.634	348.047	588.975	1002.37	1491.99	1016.3	674.005	1155.08	680.561	366.926	517.468	940.333	652.294	726.761	450.56	674.893	855.195	422.454	755.839	1161.06	1246.21	804.947	620.76	364.664	501.543	711.656	498.344	481.225	381.486	
540.3449140_MZ	Lysophospholipid with formula C26H54NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(18:1(11Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C26H52NO7P		None	None	None	12144.9	7410.3	8718.37	8838.49	18380.6	9451.13	10278.8	12277.7	12656.9	7294.9	11938.5	14775.8	13716.5	7649.87	6476.13	14761.5	7678.63	13222.3	8720.12	11328.1	11673.1	8433.15	10285.4	10706.2	14491.2	11228.8	10034.4	8234.88	8713.98	8572.95	9650.97	11744.9	6605.31	12811.4	8577.47	6839.16	10154.5	9578.68	12315.9	
541.2669930_MZ	Cortolone-3-glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cortolone-3-glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of cortolone generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C27H42O11		None	None	None	3903.87	3335.52	5194.6	3836.33	7931.53	4328.98	5668.12	4649.89	9369.47	6885.49	6927.83	3437.75	3831.84	8254.75	4212.44	4359.91	3804.5	6980.25	3514.1	3239.53	3225.87	3247.64	4950.56	5328.85	4192.65	4988.45	4276.86	4635.61	5048.24	3062.51	3669.29	4328.75	2565.39	4451.54	3228.41	6171.46	5723.79	2775.92	4211.57	
542.3606749_MZ	Lysophospholipid with formula C28H54NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(0:0/18:0) or LPC(0:0/18:0) is a lysophospholipid. The term 'lysophospholipid' (LPL) refers to any phospholipid that is missing one of its two O-acyl chains. Thus, LPLs have a free alcohol in either the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The prefix 'lyso-' comes from the fact that lysophospholipids were originally found to be hemolytic however it is now used to refer generally to phospholipids missing an acyl chain. LPLs are usually the result of phospholipase A-type enzymatic activity on regular phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidic acid, although they can also be generated by the acylation of glycerophospholipids or the phosphorylation of monoacylglycerols. Some LPLs serve important signaling functions such as lysophosphatidic acid. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. There is also a phospholipase A1, which is able to cleave the sn-1 ester bond. Lysophosphatidylcholine has pro-inflammatory properties in vitro and it is known to be a pathological component of oxidized lipoproteins (LDL) in plasma and of atherosclerotic lesions. Recently, it has been found to have some functions in cell signalling, and specific receptors (coupled to G proteins) have been identified. It activates the specific phospholipase C that releases diacylglycerols and inositol triphosphate with resultant increases in intracellular Ca2+ and activation of protein kinase C. It also activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase in certain cell types.LysoPC(0:0/18:0) has been shown to be protective against lethal sepsis in experimental animals by various mechanisms, including stimulation of neutrophils to eliminate invading pathogens through a peroxide-dependent reaction.	C26H54NO7P		None	None	None	41760.5	35401.3	42167.3	29737.8	46553.4	35166.3	42624.5	37730.2	39927.0	28737.0	44112.2	46376.4	29615.2	25831.9	21411.6	75214.4	31222.1	49957.1	31755.3	33962.3	42899.1	31587.9	32515.6	39863.7	40948.9	30331.1	55918.7	30428.1	30617.0	37040.5	35701.3	31954.3	31363.9	43636.4	28620.4	24684.9	30888.3	33199.4	65598.5	
544.2693225_MZ	N-[(3a_5b_7a_12a)-3_12-dihydroxy-24-oxo-7-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	N-[(3a,5b,7a,12a)-3,12-dihydroxy-24-oxo-7-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine is an acyl glycine and a sulfated bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID:16949895). As a bile acid sulfate, N-[(3a,5b,7a,12a)-3,12-dihydroxy-24-oxo-7-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine is typically found in urine. These conjugates are formed as a part of detoxification of endogenous and exogenous components in the body (PMID:3584362).	C26H43NO9S		None	None	None	7432.32	7328.4	7037.49	8638.2	9777.23	7483.7	6121.84	6406.1	10943.2	8936.31	7187.47	9675.45	6751.04	5848.12	5007.04	12708.4	6141.81	9099.91	6330.21	6341.65	6150.09	7445.57	10536.0	7456.72	6341.63	5785.57	6684.8	4891.8	7587.99	5242.54	9028.69	6998.56	5558.75	6464.29	7896.96	6583.43	6921.36	9185.9	6989.94	
545.4548394_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C32H62O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/15:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/15:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C32H62O5		None	None	None	1949.39	1144.71	822.946	1811.3	1772.11	1121.41	1431.95	1439.39	1289.91	1545.31	1162.28	757.11	1496.86	1446.09	1861.57	1884.89	872.503	1358.03	1079.48	731.285	1338.59	1630.75	1449.09	1096.99	992.295	1200.29	1708.76	776.565	1109.06	1289.12	2348.99	1468.62	1068.47	776.239	1039.89	743.204	1193.79	906.149	933.048	
546.0734726_MZ	3-carboxy-1-hydroxypropylthiamine diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP is an intermediate in Citrate cycle (TCA cycle). 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP is the second to last step in the synthesis of Succinyl-CoA and is converted from 2-Oxoglutarate via the enzyme 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component (EC.1.2.4.2). It is then converted to S-Succinyldihydrolipoamide-E via the enzyme 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component (EC.1.2.4.2).	C16H25N4O10P2S		None	None	None	20108.3	34099.4	65500.4	53462.2	49354.1	30884.2	45221.8	38930.3	44904.9	52770.4	34075.4	51338.4	30793.2	84292.9	46317.6	18523.2	39001.0	36613.8	24473.5	31746.6	36938.5	16111.6	59189.3	39444.5	31819.7	44668.6	27331.9	15848.0	29338.4	61043.9	42180.1	38292.1	23249.0	40980.3	40954.6	18451.5	24851.5	34897.0	40178.6	
546.3630356_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine (20:2(11Z,14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(20:2(11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-1 position. The eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C28H54NO7P		None	None	None	2054.28	1757.17	1087.52	1027.16	686.048	1556.29	1720.73	1329.06	906.383	369.683	843.179	555.583	613.317	553.484	1584.22	2019.81	964.999	1659.75	2046.51	264.985	977.619	1650.28	1016.45	1003.83	659.739	1008.67	1953.51	435.995	1566.07	1881.35	1143.76	1058.02	1066.21	354.77	808.072	372.54	1226.95	762.898	266.011	
547.0311562_MZ	UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is synthesized from UDP-glucose through the enzyme UDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase.	C15H22N2O16P2		None	None	None	4089.59	4270.77	4565.97	4436.13	4265.62	5064.99	4256.17	3734.21	4525.14	4536.58	4253.76	5367.78	4573.72	5060.6	4704.86	5007.61	4594.71	4312.74	4723.71	4373.53	4170.8	3799.44	3902.12	4699.24	4797.98	4535.38	4249.94	5481.9	4571.47	4223.79	3683.01	4357.53	3148.88	4233.78	4487.96	5974.97	5183.58	3990.55	4200.95	
549.4104600_MZ	3-cis-Hydroxy-b,e-Caroten-3'-one	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	cis-3-hydroxy-b,e-Caroten-3'-one is a carotenoid found in human fluids. Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesise carotenoids de novo, and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important. (PMID: 1416048, 15003396).	C40H54O		None	None	None	1312.39	894.918	969.469	732.733	697.647	1495.18	747.654	1337.56	1041.7	902.787	1251.68	757.316	1408.15	1763.01	1156.93	910.425	537.526	1493.35	789.225	507.704	733.887	894.636	968.377	1036.91	422.225	700.699	946.432	379.504	1687.36	1493.42	1189.38	882.058	665.786	395.538	1192.24	637.277	549.619	452.363	632.571	
551.3058019_MZ	5b-Cyprinol sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5b-Cyprinol sulfate is an intermediate in bile acid biosynthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C27H48O8S, Triterpenoid		None	None	None	2048.18	1933.65	2304.86	2179.14	2578.34	3393.82	1950.61	1838.4	2727.86	2567.73	3280.87	2079.49	2138.42	2721.01	1616.09	1739.81	1781.05	2073.16	1680.47	1550.03	2676.59	1793.64	2686.41	2654.46	1551.91	2441.58	2016.62	1265.09	3340.03	1862.83	2434.28	1591.64	1386.89	1684.46	1607.91	2093.91	1835.87	1839.25	2129.4	
551.4667408_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C34H64O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C34H64O5		None	None	None	1516.27	1057.13	2157.66	955.791	1510.05	1224.53	1115.76	2795.83	1120.72	1098.94	1065.15	446.391	1085.2	1834.39	1220.34	953.844	740.502	2336.24	835.239	534.248	881.754	1087.22	1025.3	1110.6	724.88	995.66	1153.07	613.091	1005.56	1139.55	1267.78	1103.35	931.003	412.363	895.83	652.574	809.463	779.803	587.263	
553.4456018_MZ	Triglyceride with formula C33H62O6	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(10:0/10:0/10:0) or tricapric glyceride is a tridecanoic acid triglyceride or medium chain triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(10:0/10:0/10:0), in particular, consists of one chain of decanoic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of decanoic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of decanoic acid acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org). TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C33H62O6		None	None	None	1545.24	1339.77	2192.15	1310.4	1422.7	1242.13	1736.39	2459.78	1122.51	1158.75	1242.2	589.364	1288.67	1661.66	1379.72	1613.76	965.454	2516.68	1027.89	599.266	965.843	1340.59	1122.65	1442.11	617.216	1150.42	2335.9	475.214	1274.1	1792.4	1771.41	1162.17	1189.65	450.669	971.884	925.856	1071.14	776.176	654.202	
553.4808746_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C34H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/16:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/16:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C34H66O5		None	None	None	1151.6	990.828	1462.06	950.636	1089.43	743.554	1024.82	1136.69	782.998	770.618	839.373	701.527	1004.81	1194.44	1114.56	943.74	658.83	1584.54	906.633	560.2	667.767	984.245	893.193	1004.47	504.242	882.999	1127.0	497.535	719.019	1097.9	1373.22	1039.53	787.297	385.108	678.215	697.942	777.598	575.945	522.002	
554.5135421_MZ	Ceramide with formula C34H69NO4	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cer(t18:0/16:0) belongs to the class of phytoceramides (N-Acyl-4-hydroxysphinganine), which are involved in sphingolipid metabolism. Phytoceramides are generated from dihydroceramides via the enzyme C4-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.-.-], and are then converted to phytosphingosine via the enzyme N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase [EC:3.5.1.23].	C34H69NO4		None	None	None	1842.36	1056.92	1611.84	710.845	1159.37	535.951	1587.66	1814.52	878.728	543.28	934.563	1878.21	1275.3	665.799	1996.67	1716.15	900.391	1851.95	1118.16	1442.33	1070.36	1259.04	933.661	826.619	1339.31	1093.92	1382.56	940.952	1114.27	858.649	491.068	1249.88	817.694	1184.32	741.316	503.123	737.483	835.854	987.496	
555.4389784_MZ	B-Carotene	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	B-Carotene is a carotenoid that is a precursor of vitamin A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (porphyria, erythropoietic). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.) -- Pubchem; Carotene is an orange photosynthetic pigment important for photosynthesis. It is responsible for the orange colour of the carrot and many other fruits and vegetables. It contributes to photosynthesis by transmitting the light energy it absorbs to chlorophyll. Chemically, carotene is a terpene. It is the dimer of retinol (vitamin A) and comes in two primary forms: alpha- and beta-carotene. gamma-, delta- and epsilon-carotene also exist. Carotene can be stored in the liver and converted to vitamin A as needed. Beta-carotene is an anti-oxidant and such can be useful for curbing the excess of damaging free radicals in the body. However, the usefulness of beta-carotene as a dietary supplement (i.e. taken as a pill) is still subject to debate. Beta-carotene is fat-soluble, so a small amount of fat is needed to absorb it into the body. -- Wikipedia.	C40H56, cis-y,y-Carotene, cis-b,b-Carotene, Lycopene, Alpha-Carotene		None	None	None	7886.39	2867.21	2068.66	4167.8	6638.79	3575.09	2313.77	2693.69	6573.99	4546.64	2558.84	1334.41	6721.77	6826.32	3480.78	4961.05	3374.33	3946.84	3825.24	1265.91	2697.44	5881.6	3913.58	2928.86	1741.87	3654.98	5627.85	833.156	2959.26	4362.89	6017.63	4655.1	1585.22	845.431	5148.66	1134.93	3252.12	3041.61	1544.46	
558.5172847_MZ	Ceramide with formula C34H69NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C34H69NO3		None	None	None	1928.3	712.203	702.783	797.189	1484.95	593.996	1567.58	1348.44	715.24	638.593	928.437	862.86	904.332	800.931	1163.94	2241.52	525.117	1271.31	918.221	792.924	669.435	1235.6	774.962	645.86	1070.51	684.146	1445.91	729.56	777.413	954.217	848.171	1196.47	1021.32	1110.42	570.532	465.815	853.947	833.112	671.502	
559.4373913_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C35H60O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearidonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the stearidonic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C35H60O5		None	None	None	1473.21	1099.42	1140.18	1263.5	1214.88	1099.98	1272.43	1160.95	929.757	1084.4	1087.88	571.941	1198.48	1224.69	1664.23	1485.03	821.661	1414.6	1112.03	719.152	1368.26	1369.89	1069.16	1092.51	781.923	928.285	1327.2	812.798	1094.32	1199.59	1827.17	1120.91	812.362	626.224	977.327	807.791	916.34	726.622	942.281	
559.4711639_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C33H64O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/16:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/16:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C33H64O5		None	None	None	78739.8	17891.3	5712.43	31274.9	59359.1	30043.0	15009.6	8019.72	44133.9	41338.7	14534.9	3747.36	59063.5	75652.8	23157.5	49837.0	24860.6	20940.4	32948.0	3594.34	13655.9	50554.9	19383.3	14668.1	8052.34	34091.9	41540.3	2749.08	18373.8	37398.9	46427.3	43782.9	4691.14	3981.87	36140.3	3680.8	18616.5	13490.2	3447.94	
561.3779785_MZ	Cholesterol glucuronide	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cholesterol glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of Cholesterol generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C33H54O7		None	None	None	2414.83	2167.92	1601.72	1915.98	2671.29	2272.78	2126.02	1834.45	2358.4	1984.21	2673.81	1996.93	2133.54	1923.44	1757.2	2452.1	1568.86	2536.9	1770.98	1431.55	1949.08	2273.43	2263.95	2197.51	1911.34	1592.66	2318.89	1328.87	3196.29	3599.6	2523.18	2001.15	1202.26	1762.26	1837.48	1406.94	2086.9	1600.31	1885.79	
561.4530314_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C35H62O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C35H62O5		None	None	None	1510.26	738.927	850.68	1131.64	1355.63	776.937	1025.14	1135.47	1150.61	784.646	1104.93	896.132	916.076	1117.03	2034.75	1812.34	502.834	1615.27	528.919	829.902	671.245	1140.84	882.11	788.655	579.681	579.275	1096.72	798.701	1056.33	828.963	1768.37	805.26	667.196	1096.11	776.778	757.266	601.776	529.109	751.491	
562.5191705_MZ	Ceramide with formula C36H69NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C36H69NO3		None	None	None	5509.17	1219.04	2942.53	3664.39	4712.7	1689.19	4293.7	1899.76	4584.63	3345.4	2910.02	2215.51	3369.38	4087.36	1418.4	5381.66	2254.7	4451.91	1959.91	1688.82	2071.81	3540.02	3026.23	2229.66	3828.09	2291.6	3423.88	778.331	1525.06	2154.42	2602.41	4142.69	1864.18	2937.5	4750.8	851.628	1768.31	3510.8	3671.39	
563.0660276_MZ	dTDP-D-glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Deoxythymidine diphosphate-glucose is an intermediate in the nucleotide sugar metabolism pathway (KEGG). It is a substrate for the enzyme dTDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase which catalyzes the reaction: dTDP-glucose = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O.	C16H26N2O16P2, dTDP-D-galactose		None	None	None	38699.8	41151.1	46312.3	36485.9	37939.1	36621.9	40263.4	44431.7	38904.8	29011.0	33515.9	39629.5	39491.3	41927.5	42254.2	29039.5	34771.7	35431.4	38267.6	30751.3	36012.1	32911.6	43344.8	35555.0	34355.0	45720.2	35122.5	29512.6	37099.7	54765.1	35528.9	41638.3	24093.4	32260.3	35465.2	36567.2	29655.5	34472.5	36394.3	
563.1116729_MZ	Theaflavin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Theaflavins are polyphenols that are formed from catechins in tea leaves during the enzymatic oxidation (called fermentation by the tea trade) of tea leaves (Wikipedia).	C29H24O12		None	None	None	2590.62	2839.24	3002.39	2549.12	2523.4	3350.69	2588.7	2825.32	2810.46	2830.72	2615.4	3365.0	2926.43	3291.75	3160.47	2502.78	2770.08	2724.61	2705.32	2651.9	2727.58	2543.38	2685.74	2905.24	3046.24	3508.64	2750.85	3153.71	3087.97	3516.53	2397.89	2579.61	1877.1	2786.11	2693.37	3634.03	2889.95	2400.37	3007.12	
563.4688423_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C35H64O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C35H64O5		None	None	None	844.686	501.362	708.425	570.364	556.998	459.62	593.535	1280.72	535.986	589.316	584.776	553.243	472.514	979.278	1353.9	1031.15	416.513	1142.82	561.901	399.67	590.453	809.405	627.536	525.505	449.682	504.361	677.602	376.675	603.533	689.344	580.82	649.198	426.155	272.383	523.138	405.842	417.04	366.09	380.238	
564.5354708_MZ	Ceramide with formula C36H71NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C36H71NO3		None	None	None	17140.4	3536.83	13226.9	11419.1	12283.6	2617.48	25157.0	13394.1	12822.0	10819.9	13197.4	10212.4	8359.82	12170.1	3019.3	24896.3	8468.32	19757.4	4375.42	5301.12	5188.12	10138.9	7898.63	7818.01	17594.0	5735.65	14429.3	2478.55	4218.93	5280.22	6194.81	14687.1	11065.0	18630.2	13272.4	2481.99	4960.97	12377.2	14916.7	
565.0468820_MZ	Uridine diphosphate glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uridine diphosphate glucose is a key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.	C15H24N2O17P2, Uridine diphosphategalactose		None	None	None	731680.0	634902.0	696538.0	368687.0	626819.0	730556.0	984706.0	958812.0	535724.0	530027.0	661055.0	672678.0	728174.0	656627.0	530103.0	447489.0	677332.0	624002.0	786238.0	532212.0	540574.0	510802.0	591881.0	469343.0	520512.0	863755.0	734534.0	440208.0	747788.0	1187950.0	383410.0	1019100.0	349792.0	482382.0	498314.0	643426.0	529978.0	461699.0	614402.0	
565.4101875_MZ	3-Hydroxy-b_e-caroten-3'-one	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Hydroxy-caroten-3'-one is a carotenoid found in human fluids. Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesise carotenoids de novo, and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important. (PMID: 1416048, 15003396).	C40H54O2		None	None	None	922.585	1076.61	1148.81	739.733	1006.86	1384.0	678.813	1374.64	1247.12	848.996	1169.91	666.452	814.481	1503.66	1034.89	821.697	497.186	1605.44	675.238	413.733	902.123	885.117	778.022	975.181	404.766	628.154	925.411	422.47	1548.37	1001.62	895.125	595.72	725.815	497.825	815.297	482.356	769.058	513.303	572.994	
567.2979874_MZ	Protoporphyrinogen IX	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Protoporphyrinogen IX is an intermediate in heme biosynthesis. It is a porphyrinogen in which 2 pyrrole rings each have one methyl and one propionate side chain and the other two pyrrole rings each have one methyl and one vinyl side chain. 15 isomers are possible but only one, type IX, occurs naturally. Protoporphyrinogen is produced by oxidative decarboxylation of coproporphyrinogen.	C34H40N4O4		None	None	None	2017.07	2047.62	2537.2	2372.86	2538.84	3870.39	2017.41	2213.31	2326.52	2275.97	3201.56	1563.0	2001.47	2332.95	1682.88	1784.1	1707.34	2007.89	1632.94	1402.13	2761.49	2012.81	3610.97	2851.48	1496.45	3256.31	1961.94	1406.02	3880.35	2263.59	2225.1	1878.09	1445.36	1252.69	1531.22	1880.32	2231.29	1816.59	1998.75	
568.3522274_MZ	Lysophospholipid with formula C30H52NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position. The docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C30H52NO7P		None	None	None	1982.64	1518.05	1596.34	1394.35	1720.12	2437.06	1599.55	1675.52	1872.5	1698.01	2176.1	1768.06	1400.29	1471.82	1515.51	2293.71	1320.77	1942.17	1529.44	1079.67	1672.38	1407.31	1525.72	1799.9	1440.65	1250.13	1983.75	1069.28	2080.73	1329.25	1812.69	1381.7	1068.1	1415.39	1207.69	1363.21	1480.26	1321.76	1833.1	
569.0573033_MZ	UDP-L-rhamnose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	UDP-L-rhamnose is synthesized from UDP-D-glucose.	C15H24N2O16P2		None	None	None	3722.27	3660.96	3659.45	4018.4	3879.23	4752.57	3728.72	3252.35	3657.73	4417.45	3523.46	4427.24	4098.05	5496.99	5994.33	4119.62	3913.23	3603.97	4124.03	3521.24	3269.79	3293.71	4146.31	3802.35	3737.35	3963.04	4517.37	4061.66	3638.07	4841.38	4757.56	4007.68	2617.28	3866.71	3675.46	4465.63	4292.16	3483.37	3993.65	
571.2873879_MZ	Kinetensin 4-7	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Kinetensin 4-7 is a fraction of Kinetensin with only Arg-His-Pro-Tyr peptide chains. Kinetensin is a nonapeptide, originally isolated from pepsin-treated plasma that shares some sequence homology with the C-terminal end of neurotensin, serum albumin and angiotensin. It is a potent histamine releaser in rodents and may serve as an inflammatory mediator.	C26H38N9O6		None	None	None	7564.82	10663.2	10356.1	11636.1	13123.4	11762.2	7661.49	7395.03	11213.0	8970.43	9678.61	15121.4	9666.02	8003.76	8133.43	19624.6	7558.77	12205.1	7049.07	9280.85	10149.7	8514.38	14825.7	9275.97	8805.48	7826.61	9640.11	5431.09	10871.0	8722.36	15551.3	9220.55	7159.64	8132.52	9031.93	6342.85	8641.59	12586.0	9671.03	
573.1941745_MZ	Tetrahydrofolyl-[Glu](2)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetrahydrofolyl-[Glu](n) is involved in the folate biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolyl-[Glu](n) can be reversibly converted into Tetrahydrofolyl-[Glu](2) by folylpolyglutamate synthase [EC:6.3.2.17]. Tetrahydrofolyl-[Glu](n) can be irreversibly converted into tetrahydrofolate by gamma-glutamyl hydrolase [EC:3.4.19.9].	C24H30N8O9		None	None	None	1455.94	1150.16	1893.35	1459.98	1659.19	2315.24	1410.15	1366.3	1620.23	1523.06	1720.5	1678.13	1538.64	1927.95	1895.59	1197.45	1266.29	1668.69	1428.86	1396.17	1517.63	1392.66	1407.33	1765.34	1648.94	1496.53	1524.64	1397.92	1776.04	1420.7	1168.58	1265.54	921.346	1290.36	1186.69	1865.95	1554.73	1468.99	1644.34	
579.0154025_MZ	Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP Iduronic acid, which donates Iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones. The transfer of glucuronic acid from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid onto a terminal galactose residue is done by beta1,3-glucuronosyltransferases, responsible for the completion of the protein-glycosaminoglycan linkage region of proteoglycans and of the HNK1 epitope of glycoproteins and glycolipids. In humans the enzyme galactose-beta-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase I completes the synthesis of the common linker region of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by transferring glucuronic acid (GlcA) onto the terminal galactose of the glycopeptide primer of proteoglycans. The GAG chains of proteoglycans regulate major biological processes such as cell proliferation and recognition, extracellular matrix deposition, and morphogenesis. (PMID: 16815917).	C15H22N2O18P2, UDP-D-galacturonate, UDP-L-iduronate		None	None	None	52655.4	35725.5	43152.9	25373.4	32066.5	36298.3	47861.2	37211.8	29159.8	22140.2	36237.1	26736.4	30542.5	33559.2	28585.9	22718.2	26223.1	33709.8	45120.4	32900.4	33360.1	35730.2	22069.3	37256.4	32421.4	28966.2	32195.2	30475.1	34263.9	60531.5	20348.0	39348.6	15953.8	24889.4	29424.7	37059.6	30530.4	21049.5	29216.7	
580.4213464_MZ	Ceramide Phosphated18:1/12:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CerP(d18:1/12:0) or N-(dodecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate is a ceramide 1-phosphate belonging to the sphingolipid class of molecules. Ceramides are amides of fatty acids with long-chain di- or trihydroxy bases, the commonest in animals being sphingosine and in plants phytosphingosine. The acyl group of ceramides is generally a long-chain saturated or monounsaturated fatty acid. The most frequent fatty acids found in animal ceramides are 18:0, 24:0 and 24:1(n-9). Ceramide 1-phosphates are produced by phosphorylation of ceramide by a specific ceramide kinase. Ceramide-1-phosphate was shown to be a specific and potent inducer of arachidonic acid and prostanoid synthesis in cells through the translocation and activation of the cytoplasmic phospholipase A2.	C30H60NO6P		None	None	None	736.366	929.504	1153.47	819.25	775.688	941.845	1526.5	1320.73	680.701	449.505	864.708	560.791	519.031	917.732	1338.24	1200.09	455.068	1410.81	553.765	222.677	538.842	630.972	686.821	698.408	531.106	638.166	1856.6	278.99	989.004	1499.85	1301.18	603.297	619.165	376.59	548.641	585.789	580.983	272.505	395.933	
581.5192501_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C36H70O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/18:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/18:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C36H70O5		None	None	None	1230.97	1491.18	1273.13	1273.45	1202.51	1081.02	1303.75	1586.29	1125.84	1240.51	1222.36	521.693	1163.28	1707.5	2140.86	1198.71	743.198	1314.38	742.747	823.061	815.805	1201.12	1026.42	1080.52	854.637	1050.38	1034.95	814.081	1057.57	1492.6	1798.72	1301.67	890.134	722.415	799.967	801.219	907.173	689.627	759.192	
585.4609022_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H62O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H62O5		None	None	None	1541.97	1028.54	1071.26	1379.06	1592.47	920.322	1362.36	1629.19	1149.05	1288.7	1172.6	444.225	1194.99	966.366	1318.53	2871.97	795.412	1691.11	848.211	744.191	889.951	1693.95	1329.11	1157.57	690.98	1087.49	1383.01	529.067	903.623	1176.82	1786.14	1715.74	925.869	743.186	779.778	559.618	1174.55	1139.04	863.59	
585.4884711_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C35H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:1(9Z)/18:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:1(9Z)/18:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C35H66O5		None	None	None	50580.3	7615.61	10298.6	12854.1	43161.7	11988.1	43880.8	44014.4	19501.2	13836.5	20827.2	13751.7	33508.4	18625.0	8000.93	139872.0	10830.8	33827.8	21861.3	14995.0	12171.2	87507.4	35320.3	14806.2	19339.8	16869.9	38546.0	14275.6	12404.4	21973.2	15350.9	75879.4	21193.0	36115.0	16667.8	6128.15	43848.8	35705.9	13363.0	
586.3245477_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine (22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-1 position. The docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C30H50NO7P		None	None	None	9261.92	9092.77	3640.91	9215.37	4269.12	5262.22	3680.1	4280.06	10940.9	5588.46	5479.96	4192.57	4465.77	3075.7	2200.04	3705.96	3191.52	6003.33	7839.12	2886.98	4284.1	9947.62	7751.69	9193.12	2920.61	3006.58	3719.44	2099.54	9827.14	3047.08	3609.25	3105.67	2440.2	3362.07	7694.92	2654.44	8179.04	7469.44	3678.39	
588.0813018_MZ	ADP-glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Serves as the glycosyl donor for formation of bacterial glycogen, amylose in green algae, and amylopectin in higher plants.	C16H25N5O15P2, ADP-Mannose, GDP-D-Rhamnose, GDP-L-fucose		None	None	None	17865.8	11757.4	14069.1	9268.2	15512.9	17227.0	20535.0	16852.0	12569.1	8508.03	11318.7	14403.8	13442.2	13877.3	16135.9	17825.7	15995.6	13008.4	19498.1	8806.36	13035.5	12031.6	13366.5	12010.3	11524.2	21039.6	19301.3	8963.74	12120.3	22268.6	10348.7	20585.4	8390.79	8656.65	9095.77	8354.72	15198.9	12124.5	10446.2	
588.0924485_MZ	dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose reacts with undecaprenyl N-acetyl-glucosaminyl-N-acetyl-mannosaminuronate to produce undecaprenyl N-acetyl-glucosaminyl-N-acetyl-mannosaminuronate-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose pyrophosphate and dTDP. The reaction is catalyzed by certain members of the fucosyltransferase family of enzymes.	C18H29N3O15P2		None	None	None	16455.6	11684.6	11833.9	10645.9	13389.5	13675.0	18206.5	13562.0	11675.0	7284.9	9055.75	14077.3	12478.3	11255.4	15905.3	13793.8	14430.8	11518.8	15891.6	8268.86	11896.7	10412.4	11890.7	11128.7	11518.0	18517.0	15406.4	9564.75	10828.2	16356.4	9453.51	16445.2	7210.57	8899.26	11285.4	9358.12	13846.2	10578.5	11299.2	
591.4955099_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H68O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H68O5		None	None	None	1613.83	879.206	973.133	905.947	1139.61	508.822	1305.86	1775.92	578.548	597.66	551.632	673.435	939.519	931.685	1713.37	3035.84	401.991	1745.4	650.943	682.733	587.489	1134.46	924.203	586.713	559.585	691.328	1394.16	782.277	686.939	1395.12	1357.58	1248.15	602.215	809.922	584.226	322.662	741.639	604.661	328.591	
592.5661995_MZ	Ceramide (d18:1/20:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C38H75NO3		None	None	None	37582.9	18777.3	33578.0	19226.5	22883.8	10355.1	62624.4	25480.5	17474.7	12410.9	32359.9	36663.9	10402.6	16910.5	13610.6	60381.1	21646.3	51005.1	14876.6	7439.23	14243.3	34236.2	22558.5	17060.2	25313.5	13791.4	50826.3	9895.55	17083.0	21509.9	11791.0	22612.3	38199.7	34173.7	25115.0	5441.83	13749.1	18098.9	32827.2	
593.4560403_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C36H62O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearidonic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the stearidonic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C36H62O5		None	None	None	1408.05	2637.29	3234.31	1855.31	2060.23	2377.97	3931.65	1862.16	1797.82	2062.43	2427.06	1534.13	870.436	2292.6	2015.32	1925.51	2894.2	1335.76	556.451	440.192	3425.09	891.003	1713.44	3365.38	390.153	3788.07	2774.23	327.191	4201.87	1935.67	3064.1	1627.69	1155.86	160.805	688.627	471.237	1175.39	586.844	775.288	
594.2312026_MZ	Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate is a sulfated bile acid. It is a sulfate salt of taurocholic acid and is also known as cholaic acid, cholyltaurine, or acidum cholatauricum. Under normal circumstances, bile acid sulfation is a minor pathway. However in the presence of cholestasis, the fraction of the bile acid pool which is sulfated increases. Sulfation of bile acids increases the aqueous solubility of the amphipathic compounds and results in more efficient renal clearance as well as in decreased reabsorption from the intestinal lumen. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C26H45NO10S2		None	None	None	9604.48	7314.38	12093.0	8956.4	7669.0	9534.94	11697.7	7048.62	9412.84	13794.6	8255.72	10119.2	10141.4	9265.39	8476.92	9367.53	12134.5	10642.3	9717.71	8991.88	8850.25	8855.38	10357.2	10095.2	6801.53	12998.2	7600.28	10562.0	10102.8	8403.85	8427.83	9528.91	6941.04	8812.07	8949.9	8725.63	7933.98	8986.45	9586.27	
594.2574241_MZ	Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate is a sulfated bile acid. It is a sulfate salt of taurocholic acid and is also known as cholaic acid, cholyltaurine, or acidum cholatauricum. Under normal circumstances, bile acid sulfation is a minor pathway. However in the presence of cholestasis, the fraction of the bile acid pool which is sulfated increases. Sulfation of bile acids increases the aqueous solubility of the amphipathic compounds and results in more efficient renal clearance as well as in decreased reabsorption from the intestinal lumen. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135).	C26H45NO10S2		None	None	None	2349.48	1960.23	3596.55	2783.75	2008.58	3483.74	3249.58	1680.48	2863.8	3990.73	2666.65	3069.98	2489.69	3067.63	2493.07	1787.0	3346.83	2737.34	2168.19	1924.19	3020.43	2205.55	2834.79	2814.5	1837.92	3774.05	1751.47	2559.92	3186.1	2097.94	2922.38	2619.01	1774.21	1869.66	2331.18	2548.46	2429.63	2609.79	2703.18	
595.2347916_MZ	Tetragastrin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tetragastrin is the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin. It is the smallest peptide fragment of gastrin which has the same physiological and pharmacological activity as gastrin.	C29H36N6O6S		None	None	None	3514.74	2769.84	4851.5	3281.19	2871.71	3996.5	4197.7	2539.8	3757.75	4747.74	2942.11	3573.65	3629.89	3813.07	2843.49	3100.28	4155.64	3809.67	3698.38	2940.64	3572.18	3421.14	3695.95	3675.19	2518.89	4663.03	2756.38	3561.77	3988.66	2619.57	3229.36	3429.28	2683.71	2931.41	3209.52	3195.17	3187.12	3317.62	3250.46	
595.5330550_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H72O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/20:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/20:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the arachidic acid moiety is derived from peanut oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol. Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H72O5		None	None	None	958.378	684.741	1622.39	664.441	1076.91	691.275	1364.61	1716.43	571.651	865.769	658.857	736.578	925.76	1487.67	1395.64	188.988	621.856	1590.08	767.346	488.202	904.535	492.015	667.727	768.338	500.547	912.877	783.409	422.951	541.531	3024.81	1087.51	851.266	382.555	572.985	575.441	414.189	523.893	381.444	449.73	
596.0771338_MZ	PhosphoribosylformiminoAICAR-phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	none	C15H25N5O15P2, Phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-P		None	None	None	3167.54	2511.12	3491.63	2509.94	3530.61	3737.79	4011.11	3461.68	4014.28	2224.11	2502.06	3031.08	2807.27	3057.01	2931.87	3437.25	2838.73	2927.61	4508.06	3386.54	3132.07	2698.4	2726.58	2876.2	3448.44	3595.15	3412.17	3428.18	3166.71	4293.83	2148.45	3749.97	1977.83	3125.96	3790.52	3599.88	3813.63	2997.84	2685.05	
597.4865306_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C36H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C36H66O5		None	None	None	3373.92	2177.77	2241.23	2010.87	2715.37	2050.35	4239.77	4007.38	2730.71	1825.0	2465.22	2517.15	3126.02	2206.1	2223.38	6957.67	1627.48	4107.95	2626.96	1620.59	2218.2	5419.26	2716.57	2256.98	1870.13	2219.16	4162.3	1720.81	2388.25	3674.16	2496.25	4903.24	2416.82	2436.04	1851.89	1267.06	3541.04	2654.52	1743.22	
599.4168991_MZ	Neoxanthin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Neoxanthin is a carotenoid, an intermediate in the synthesis of abscisic acid from violaxanthin. Neoxanthin is found in apple. Neoxanthin is a constituent of paprika, lucerne, Valencia orange and other species. Neoxanthin has been shown to exhibit apoptotic and anti-proliferative functions (PMID 15333710, 15333710).	C40H56O4, Violaxanthin		None	None	None	1133.21	992.683	959.581	1164.64	993.978	993.205	907.663	1095.0	967.202	781.369	1195.74	596.993	871.738	1146.08	1288.42	1140.96	588.433	1262.79	674.468	368.324	841.258	1035.62	976.21	932.572	510.954	796.527	1166.38	426.815	1113.16	903.635	1887.16	809.873	580.54	558.806	818.089	727.122	826.128	745.725	623.587	
599.4984222_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C36H68O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C36H68O5		None	None	None	7039.33	2142.04	2788.62	3650.49	5139.5	2430.15	8191.58	7844.65	3456.22	3940.29	3991.05	3555.62	4850.52	2768.31	2677.45	12674.5	2152.07	5959.94	3295.0	2487.84	2844.56	9411.21	4113.86	3138.89	3227.31	2856.22	6647.26	2560.14	2415.85	3427.74	3876.76	8482.51	3848.09	4478.58	2673.52	1681.57	5300.79	5100.45	3120.53	
601.4645424_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C38H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C38H66O5		None	None	None	6769.46	1901.76	2168.91	5100.54	9160.8	2675.51	8036.04	6469.76	3079.93	3438.41	4446.95	2057.34	7380.19	2093.47	3847.85	19526.8	1908.92	5428.31	2976.11	2961.59	3160.12	10107.3	6480.02	2619.8	3328.51	3699.87	6457.19	3283.92	2961.12	3298.13	7501.81	12017.7	3085.81	4895.35	2218.68	2405.48	9094.68	4208.06	2130.06	
604.0656623_MZ	GDP-glucose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	GDP-glucose is a substrate for Uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphatase.	C16H25N5O16P2, Guanosine diphosphate mannose		None	None	None	23841.3	18935.1	25402.4	14702.9	24936.7	25948.5	31924.2	26712.4	21190.9	14255.9	18515.5	23033.1	16986.9	24905.2	21197.1	23829.1	26536.1	21280.5	28943.9	15821.0	20699.5	15776.0	21385.6	18186.5	18277.4	28873.6	25051.8	13905.1	20613.0	35306.2	15397.6	25672.4	12235.6	16754.9	17015.8	14951.7	18178.7	18042.7	20476.8	
605.1884177_MZ	Ferricytochrome	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C33H34FeN4O4, Ferrocytochrome		None	None	None	2821.36	3870.6	4212.7	2730.13	3566.32	4577.51	2852.87	2535.68	4132.99	4805.79	3892.38	5144.34	5584.95	4714.63	3290.53	2132.19	5487.2	4159.87	4025.95	3141.21	4775.92	3021.66	2478.64	3723.98	4250.15	5673.54	2750.48	5319.18	4757.34	3822.36	2166.58	2878.88	2359.49	3064.55	3991.22	3860.36	4372.76	3053.77	2689.4	
605.5178562_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C38H70O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C38H70O5		None	None	None	720.665	259.315	413.302	590.235	585.297	501.113	597.785	737.017	365.357	616.929	649.524	166.678	482.653	741.135	1003.52	2058.09	194.673	683.066	393.085	244.075	183.048	620.037	413.525	293.166	326.572	346.383	623.56	218.221	297.079	463.238	1138.12	792.747	321.337	551.254	329.292	388.63	481.858	543.696	239.382	
605.9563697_MZ	Adenosine tetraphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Adenosine 5' tetraphosphate, Ap4, is a natural nucleotide present in many biological systems. This nucleotide has been found as a constituent of the nucleotide pool present in the aqueous humor of a number of mammals and appears to act as a regulator of intraocular pressure (PMID: 14600249). AP4 may also play a significant role in the physiological regulation of vascular tone (PMID: 8599250). The plasma concentration of AP4 is in the nanomolar range. Technically adenosine tetraphosphate is condensation product of adenosine with tetraphosphoric acid at the 5' position. Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1) catalyzes the synthesis of adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate (P4A) and adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate (p5A) from ATP and tri- or tetrapolyphosphate (P3 or P4).	C10H17N5O16P4		None	None	None	5521.33	6334.72	6790.86	7104.74	6397.84	6505.17	6588.85	5609.04	6836.39	5456.31	5550.98	5479.23	6230.8	7159.41	7875.17	5334.67	6334.26	6187.38	5375.88	5585.52	6316.99	5273.83	6590.95	6255.0	5847.54	6239.18	6087.56	5942.86	6245.2	6197.54	6994.53	5315.05	5198.58	5058.49	6930.61	7142.59	5751.15	6328.25	5273.37	
606.0729978_MZ	UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine is involved in teichoic acid (poly-glycerol) biosynthesis pathway and enterobacterial common antigen biosynthesis pathway. It serves as both enzymatic reactants and products in those two pathways. In teichoic acid (poly-glycerol) biosynthesis pathway, UDP-N-acetyl-mannosamine is synthesized from UDP-N-acetyl-glocasamine by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase, encoded by the mnaA gene.	C17H27N3O17P2, Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylgalactosamine		None	None	None	662441.0	704423.0	1000430.0	580269.0	761883.0	638544.0	758622.0	893103.0	810226.0	481537.0	580251.0	777024.0	725380.0	764582.0	551784.0	521989.0	670162.0	654600.0	723225.0	617662.0	667636.0	560514.0	893449.0	610297.0	653442.0	910112.0	620983.0	511967.0	667453.0	1109910.0	461214.0	837809.0	444599.0	619268.0	707145.0	574145.0	490434.0	728272.0	692943.0	
606.4448064_MZ	LysoPhosphatidylcholine with formula C32H66NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	LysoPC(24:0) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. Lysophosphatidylcholines can have different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 (sn-1) position. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. LysoPC(24:0), in particular, consists of one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-1 position. The lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil. Lysophosphatidylcholine is found in small amounts in most tissues. It is formed by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by the enzyme phospholipase A2, as part of the de-acylation/re-acylation cycle that controls its overall molecular species composition. It can also be formed inadvertently during extraction of lipids from tissues if the phospholipase is activated by careless handling. In blood plasma significant amounts of lysophosphatidylcholine are formed by a specific enzyme system, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which is secreted from the liver. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acids of position sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine to the free cholesterol in plasma, with formation of cholesterol esters and lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophospholipids have a role in lipid signaling by acting on lysophospholipid receptors (LPL-R). LPL-R's are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins.	C32H66NO7P		None	None	None	342.597	185.493	302.885	287.65	260.81	331.86	139.492	542.178	283.037	245.27	766.099	453.985	134.83	317.232	646.097	396.341	327.952	561.962	160.593	502.857	154.916	244.903	230.404	320.759	410.423	541.224	532.263	141.329	217.419	185.529	1101.06	238.331	89.8619	31.4019	334.637	26.8776	
607.4720070_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H64O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H64O5		None	None	None	5197.12	1895.61	2796.9	3318.25	4333.98	2120.16	4451.85	3921.24	4196.93	2271.84	2771.19	3012.8	3628.1	3128.63	2071.18	11094.9	2197.59	5639.72	2789.36	2225.75	2358.4	5519.23	3684.7	3462.66	2588.78	2873.01	5589.04	2222.85	2178.99	2858.04	3163.27	6866.08	3200.11	3826.34	3605.52	1170.3	4711.06	4867.65	3102.57	
608.2398773_MZ	QYNAD	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	QYNAD is an endogenous pentapeptide with the sequence Gln-Tyr-Asn-Ala-Asp (QYNAD in the international one letter code of amino acids), isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Immune mediated inflammatory neurological disorders like MS and GBS are characterized by demyelination and axonal damage. QYNAD can reversibly block voltage-gated sodium channels in a concentration-dependent manner. The blocking mechanism is a shift of the steady state inactivation curve of the sodium channels to more negative potentials, as with many local anaesthetics. QYNAD was found to reach concentrations in the CSF of MS or GBS that could subsantially block neuronal sodium channels. (PMID: 11750990).	C25H35N7O11		None	None	None	519.007	657.876	881.144	898.252	1026.77	2094.44	538.807	601.578	1104.87	1236.56	1154.29	838.666	1129.02	1307.84	488.981	519.805	995.125	861.399	471.091	737.665	959.375	452.249	642.598	902.326	967.341	1087.1	546.288	847.237	905.558	493.36	742.569	657.497	353.259	470.614	650.028	1270.29	858.09	992.068	580.738	
609.1854331_MZ	Hesperidin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hesperidin is an abundant and inexpensive by-product of Citrus cultivation and is the major flavonoid in sweet orange and lemon. In young immature oranges it can account for up to 14% of the fresh weight of the fruit. Hesperidin is an abundant and inexpensive by-product of Citrus cultivation and is the major flavonoid in sweet orange and lemon. In young immature oranges it can account for up to 14% of the fresh weight of the fruit due to vitamin C deficiency such as bruising due to capillary fragility were found in early studies to be relieved by crude vitamin C extract but not by purified vitamin C. The bioflavonoids, formerly called vitamin P, were found to be the essential components in correcting this bruising tendency and improving the permeability and integrity of the capillary lining. These bioflavonoids include hesperidin, citrin, rutin, flavones, flavonols, catechin and quercetin. Of historical importance is the observation that citrin, a mixture of two flavonoids, eriodictyol and hesperidin, was considered to possess a vitamin-like activity, as early as in 1949. Hesperidin deficiency has since been linked with abnormal capillary leakiness as well as pain in the extremities causing aches, weakness and night leg cramps. Supplemental hesperidin also helps in reducing oedema or excess swelling in the legs due to fluid accumulation. As with other bioflavonoids, hesperidin works best when administered concomitantly with vitamin C. No signs of toxicity have been observed with normal intake of hesperidin. Hesperidin was first discovered in 1827, by Lebreton, but not in a pure state and has been under continuous investigation since then (PMID: 11746857).	C28H34O15		None	None	None	747.797	767.411	1005.72	853.454	916.247	2532.46	882.815	672.071	1162.42	1687.26	1394.26	1036.08	1320.59	1327.75	622.04	1083.91	1405.51	881.853	1047.83	891.037	1229.89	557.795	644.754	1202.83	1187.78	1356.31	904.522	1169.06	1649.71	770.341	565.348	816.224	466.608	819.966	813.335	1631.2	1623.61	1107.69	611.189	
609.4881603_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of homo-g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the homo-g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H66O5		None	None	None	57627.1	12654.6	21432.1	22399.6	44121.7	13451.5	62541.3	52905.6	31561.0	17646.2	31322.0	22614.2	46427.0	17027.8	9001.95	168781.0	17077.6	58065.3	27252.6	26595.9	24661.5	81732.7	44752.4	34100.6	29388.0	25427.2	70667.2	28094.8	18354.1	36693.6	19699.3	96701.9	43981.3	56470.0	26357.7	13467.8	65136.9	56737.4	29790.3	
611.1442406_MZ	Oxidized glutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oxidized glutathione is a glutathione dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized. glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. It is also important as a hydrophilic molecule that is added to lipophilic toxins and waste in the liver during biotransformation before they can become part of the bile. glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism. This detoxification reaction is carried out by the glyoxalase system. Glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5) catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione to S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione. Glyoxalase II (EC 3.1.2.6) catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione to glutathione and D-lactate.	C20H32N6O12S2		None	None	None	2429710.0	3268460.0	2613340.0	1582100.0	1547480.0	2801980.0	2051100.0	3116660.0	1827730.0	1487140.0	2023450.0	3407000.0	3519130.0	1786350.0	1184250.0	1495800.0	1744270.0	1548950.0	2715690.0	3754390.0	1762140.0	3054620.0	1557300.0	1634170.0	2885640.0	1840180.0	1656730.0	4414250.0	3262850.0	3873330.0	948788.0	2220000.0	2095190.0	3324440.0	2636020.0	4176990.0	2796780.0	1841480.0	2799140.0	
613.5201962_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C37H70O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C37H70O5		None	None	None	554949.0	88478.7	144005.0	116897.0	478927.0	112260.0	624912.0	677622.0	177299.0	143835.0	259631.0	249780.0	473342.0	95563.5	72586.1	2050040.0	98859.8	557024.0	248452.0	176126.0	133383.0	1168450.0	433995.0	182905.0	256575.0	191317.0	652618.0	198825.0	123974.0	257315.0	107041.0	912522.0	339657.0	535990.0	140410.0	85092.9	484757.0	409040.0	185469.0	
618.5815014_MZ	Ceramide with formula C40H77NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C40H77NO3		None	None	None	80075.4	61086.0	56712.2	46159.0	64332.7	28780.9	73470.7	50927.8	40894.4	18343.6	54116.9	61787.4	24032.5	25845.6	46089.8	102559.0	41315.9	67790.1	47847.3	19162.5	43568.1	78353.4	55086.0	38379.6	38270.7	45335.0	92444.5	29357.1	52188.5	59219.2	30907.4	48796.0	46175.4	32795.9	54079.9	12813.3	45615.4	30992.9	52169.6	
620.0176456_MZ	ADP-ribose 1-2 cyclic phosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	ADP-ribose 1-2 cyclic phosphate is a cyclic phosphate nucleotide that arises from tRNA processing. In eukaryotic cells, pre-tRNAs spliced by a pathway that produces a 3',5'-phosphodiester, 2'-phosphomonoester linkage contain a 2'-phosphate group adjacent to the tRNA anticodon. This 2'-phosphate is transferred to NAD to give adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose 1, 2-cyclic phosphate (Appr>p), which is subsequently metabolized to ADP-ribose 1'-phosphate (Appr-1'p). The latter reaction is catalyzed by a cyclic phosphodiesterase (CPDase). (PMID: 9148938). One molecule of ADP-ribose 1,2-cyclic phosphate (Appr>p) is formed during each of the approximately 500 000 tRNA splicing events.	C15H22N5O16P3		None	None	None	43782.4	49932.8	80450.8	49794.9	77198.8	59443.4	87884.4	49193.0	72031.4	48392.6	48306.8	56931.4	41284.2	75916.8	53520.2	35055.6	57724.7	53445.3	44417.5	55535.3	56920.5	30921.4	75324.4	49801.0	53640.9	55224.5	46457.2	40092.2	49546.3	88463.8	43479.9	54634.1	30873.4	45701.3	61542.4	39933.4	39272.1	56533.1	54231.6	
620.1766813_MZ	6-(N-Acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	6-(N-Acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol is a reactant or product of enzyme EC 2.4.1.198. 6-(N-Acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol is a reactant or product of enzyme EC 3.5.1.89.	C21H36NO18P		None	None	None	82.4842	169.537	47.4654	602.79	112.977	33.6927	176.859	223.395	114.284	261.054	392.922	114.889	12.4482	377.047	86.3788	277.346	265.501	10.2366	229.802	199.433	403.2	92.494	308.976	203.321	74.4028	42.3624	94.9216	296.551	455.514	291.788	268.094	142.336	93.2677	
620.5973185_MZ	Ceramide with formula C40H79NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C40H79NO3		None	None	None	170879.0	208582.0	243225.0	122453.0	93178.7	87491.2	307626.0	116714.0	90680.9	47797.6	152648.0	310457.0	53880.5	79200.2	100598.0	304596.0	141831.0	250495.0	114704.0	41299.5	92662.3	247532.0	157161.0	92489.4	110263.0	105046.0	293510.0	69124.4	146035.0	198996.0	85305.7	96877.4	213946.0	121864.0	169369.0	25083.9	83051.1	87906.9	185835.0	
621.5453521_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H74O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of erucic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the erucic acid moiety is derived from seed oils and avocados. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H74O5		None	None	None	222.558	190.686	544.864	153.44	288.856	145.127	363.031	1269.38	123.82	111.703	150.691	378.072	212.298	112.297	36.5202	802.911	146.911	125.586	251.152	91.7389	254.667	154.085	498.95	96.7098	221.698	577.839	256.06	138.592	306.124	138.244	185.836	83.2099	77.6452	10.909	383.144	
627.4368369_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H60O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of two chains of stearidonic acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The stearidonic acid moieties are derived from seed oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H60O5		None	None	None	1226.75	959.419	1109.55	1712.56	1262.75	1337.1	1215.5	696.611	925.157	839.74	1288.08	252.095	840.641	978.923	2690.95	1093.68	442.017	622.86	530.561	379.08	1383.97	1048.01	1974.65	1384.72	380.547	1457.88	916.122	332.161	2041.93	516.049	2985.46	526.796	467.889	291.818	431.173	295.06	1115.54	542.278	202.4	
632.2037169_MZ	3'-Sialyllactose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sialyllactose is an oligossaccharide found in both human breast milk and cow's milk. It is the predominant sialylated component in milk. Sialyllactose has recently been shown to inhibit the infection of HIV-1 virus. Sialyllactose is also responsible for the inhibitory activity of milk on cholera toxin.	C23H39NO19, 6'-Sialyllactose		None	None	None	8311.06	6554.09	11181.3	6421.88	6187.02	7416.9	9860.58	6920.84	8142.39	10541.9	5860.88	9038.75	7079.12	8302.06	9350.59	6734.42	8912.33	8679.25	9042.34	6621.31	7449.76	7591.65	11249.0	8420.14	5828.26	10839.4	6250.49	8529.25	8530.49	8028.87	9045.44	7821.38	4881.23	6379.35	7431.4	7517.54	6533.58	6433.59	8941.86	
633.4890182_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H66O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H66O5		None	None	None	11593.4	4891.02	5983.87	7450.21	9383.86	4726.17	13122.5	12076.9	10120.1	4998.65	6831.34	10433.1	9488.9	3979.23	4337.3	29371.4	5694.39	17522.9	4751.76	7615.32	5782.2	13079.2	8457.84	8612.39	6118.4	6765.52	15132.3	6269.45	5455.59	8331.28	7087.13	14363.9	7654.25	10789.7	6300.27	3263.61	12098.1	9477.97	7550.06	
634.6128081_MZ	Ceramide (d18:1/23:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cer(d18:1/23:0) is an sphingolipid identified in stratum corneum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography photospray ionization mass spectrometry. Tricosanamide has been found in human blood plasma by gas-liquid chromatography on high temperature polarizable capillary columns. Tricosanamide is a molecular species of lipid determined in human erythrocytes. (PMID: 2755317, 17027012, 8354950).	C41H81NO3		None	None	None	36071.6	28195.8	40123.6	32163.7	26247.4	11555.1	66734.3	19024.7	30882.0	17398.2	25587.4	65988.4	17834.3	23815.8	16168.6	44642.2	25899.3	34851.0	23252.1	20794.1	26254.9	35207.1	30849.6	27809.0	24432.9	33764.1	39934.5	10177.4	17421.3	30511.5	19346.1	28017.4	20545.7	23552.1	27628.5	2787.01	22825.7	22932.8	36240.4	
635.5040304_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H68O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of adrenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the adrenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H68O5		None	None	None	90984.2	48782.5	49691.2	43019.5	69492.2	36365.0	101960.0	105925.0	64415.3	35259.9	60928.4	85562.6	79716.0	32520.0	29252.2	232939.0	40550.8	133268.0	50789.6	37805.4	47941.9	89391.5	49942.1	66644.1	43173.7	41396.2	145811.0	43754.4	50597.8	65342.4	42271.1	111048.0	58697.4	78984.5	48773.3	19919.4	88907.2	61322.8	70583.7	
637.5196338_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H70O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/16:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/16:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of mead acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position. The mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney, while the palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H70O5		None	None	None	134639.0	53018.2	71696.2	55431.2	132318.0	60554.8	173847.0	208548.0	101389.0	59877.8	86359.8	148001.0	249802.0	55611.9	29895.2	283711.0	55467.3	166601.0	91169.8	95214.2	83417.3	158832.0	112374.0	87383.5	98459.4	68168.3	204350.0	82812.1	48033.5	117678.0	46375.2	248418.0	102458.0	260305.0	76776.4	33588.8	180265.0	167165.0	87921.4	
639.5358047_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H72O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(18:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(18:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of oleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The oleic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils, especially olive and canola oil, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H72O5		None	None	None	232805.0	40710.1	69749.4	54456.2	259012.0	70256.9	249995.0	343431.0	112074.0	84434.7	134732.0	136313.0	415507.0	67749.1	31713.3	467829.0	51057.6	375927.0	118165.0	155011.0	86564.7	288930.0	185678.0	99134.0	183936.0	90034.7	238140.0	129814.0	50504.2	113083.0	50186.2	467726.0	117964.0	452925.0	86185.5	56247.9	267563.0	254007.0	92829.3	
642.3069183_MZ	S-(11-hydroxy-9-deoxy-delta12-PGD2)-glutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	S-(11-hydroxy-9-deoxy-delta12-PGD2)-glutathione is the glutathione conjugate of S-(11-hydroxy-9-deoxy-delta12-PGD2).	C30H49N3O10S, S-(9-hydroxy-PGA1)-glutathione		None	None	None	4597.38	4139.28	5213.15	5200.78	6525.65	5642.52	4911.37	4159.82	5807.9	5562.33	5417.26	4722.84	4885.82	4643.14	3853.16	5963.8	4823.06	5091.11	3538.55	4147.66	5069.42	3709.33	5158.7	4979.83	4140.81	5367.97	5006.36	3648.36	5576.92	4308.35	6901.16	4156.54	3486.97	4936.83	3542.85	3556.28	4252.48	4144.24	5023.96	
643.5610061_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C39H76O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:0/20:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:0/20:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the arachidic acid moiety is derived from peanut oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C39H76O5		None	None	None	5852.21	8816.14	4673.69	6701.89	3696.65	4116.38	11515.9	3388.51	3061.63	3295.68	4204.33	6296.49	3537.16	3308.58	12036.9	10251.6	4586.62	9136.5	3404.44	1748.07	4741.85	7650.64	4765.43	3091.93	2375.84	4741.86	10328.1	2513.31	5366.5	6063.49	10946.5	4936.85	4094.23	3694.12	4281.21	1430.81	4513.26	2327.93	3424.11	
644.4999550_MZ	CerP(d18:1/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C36H72NO6P		None	None	None	1843.68	1139.82	1964.3	2080.48	2699.65	2578.37	2976.76	1378.26	1894.56	2229.3	3308.64	2467.27	2487.48	1701.58	2194.34	2361.04	1301.11	2966.03	1309.03	1780.3	2253.17	1240.05	1786.35	1425.41	1720.42	1657.69	2080.41	1110.1	1766.68	1409.31	2284.58	1937.76	1530.88	1967.34	1413.03	871.834	1533.59	2200.08	2385.22	
645.5614186_MZ	Cholesterol ester (18:3(9Z_12Z_15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CE(18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)) is a cholesterol fatty acid ester or simply a cholesterol ester (CE). Cholesterol esters are cholesterol molecules with long-chain fatty acids linked to the hydroxyl group. They are much less polar than free cholesterol and appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and for storage. Cholesterol esters do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles or lipoprotein particles. Because of the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of C18 fatty acids. Cholesterol esters are major constituents of the adrenal glands and they also accumulate in the fatty lesions of atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol esters are also major constituents of the lipoprotein particles carried in blood (HDL, LDL, VLDL). The cholesterol esters in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are synthesized largely by transfer of fatty acids to cholesterol from position sn-2 (or C-2) of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). The enzyme also promotes the transfer of cholesterol from cells to HDL. As cholesterol esters accumulate in the lipoprotein core, cholesterol is removed from its surface thus promoting the flow of cholesterol from cell membranes into HDL. This in turn leads to morphological changes in HDL, which grow and become spherical. Subsequently, cholesterol esters are transferred to the other lipoprotein fractions LDL and VLDL, a reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Another enzyme, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) synthesizes cholesterol esters from CoA esters of fatty acids and cholesterol. Cholesterol ester hydrolases liberate cholesterol and free fatty acids when required for membrane and lipoprotein formation, and they also provide cholesterol for hormone synthesis in adrenal cells.	C45H74O2		None	None	None	1367.41	2086.75	729.535	1835.14	414.659	938.071	2659.6	182.109	360.897	420.411	733.727	1275.97	437.086	1065.23	6336.73	2133.18	866.664	1188.18	408.812	94.368	754.566	1442.03	881.198	392.246	194.079	783.517	2295.44	225.593	1061.05	1145.43	2874.81	615.572	434.806	367.38	1008.41	218.738	767.991	176.853	637.063	
646.4941097_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/P-16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/P-16:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/P-16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 16:0 at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the plasmalogen 16:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C35H70NO7P		None	None	None	773.19	253.801	404.881	626.549	788.743	295.297	807.915	969.36	450.547	420.043	242.225	316.138	458.457	454.002	1284.58	1423.61	203.709	819.785	305.348	363.367	239.169	811.845	443.999	284.474	307.56	667.892	823.82	290.878	127.508	683.566	1064.02	1094.22	273.29	416.316	152.446	310.521	455.926	211.185	514.756	
646.6129319_MZ	Ceramide with formula C42H81NO3	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C42H81NO3		None	None	None	223639.0	82892.0	170523.0	138146.0	244605.0	41936.4	235666.0	259455.0	169778.0	76052.9	168085.0	144211.0	228689.0	96683.8	39983.1	301719.0	90415.2	160488.0	78914.2	105550.0	109605.0	174930.0	155998.0	140947.0	166704.0	143857.0	184925.0	54151.9	70162.0	109041.0	78796.8	236851.0	110114.0	191222.0	102519.0	27547.2	124625.0	176516.0	167862.0	
647.5795550_MZ	Cholesterol Ester (18:2(9Z,12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cholesteryl linoleic acid is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). Cholesteryl linoleate is contained in low density lipoprotein and atherosclerotic lesions. The oxidation products of cholesteryl linoleate may cause chronic inflammatory processes. (PMID 9684755, 11950694).	C45H76O2		None	None	None	177.293	2146.11	372.048	287.377	98.3553	109.633	740.091	135.455	10.4779	83.4381	51.6177	98.5953	
649.5090654_MZ	Sphingomyelin with formula C35H75N2O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphingomyelin (d18:0/12:0) or SM(d18:0/12:0) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath which surrounds some nerve cell axons. It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. Like all sphingolipids, SPH has a ceramide core (sphingosine bonded to a fatty acid via an amide linkage). In addition it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme Sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of Sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase.	C35H75N2O6P		None	None	None	1063.32	530.653	625.185	514.868	1793.14	1159.98	1032.82	1061.94	1118.88	982.383	1761.13	702.956	1544.53	856.916	778.913	1503.85	260.824	1084.39	404.625	477.717	929.154	628.289	342.325	488.628	703.148	611.208	1002.76	346.749	515.585	435.563	577.831	1209.4	385.358	1388.36	349.555	171.105	948.937	1189.28	1011.06	
650.4304299_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of two chains of myristoleic acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The myristoleic acid moieties are derived from milk fats. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C33H62NO8P		None	None	None	239.125	462.887	502.662	262.745	494.759	2144.11	342.316	414.354	277.191	714.61	1528.76	382.453	34.4861	1334.33	619.066	79.3652	132.323	213.959	420.36	615.185	141.39	308.014	756.285	528.723	388.961	201.572	136.204	899.855	1045.21	750.875	107.291	295.643	257.196	355.563	657.354	365.315	475.921	683.437	
651.2213264_MZ	3'-Sialyllactosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	<p>3'-Sialyllactosamine is an oligosaccharide found in human milk. Oligosaccharides in human milk inhibit enteric pathogens <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. (PMID:10683228)</p>. <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-induced activation of neutrophils occurs by lectinophagocytosis, the recognition of sialylated glycoconjugates (3'-sialyllactosamine was the most efficient inhibitor) on the neutrophil cell surface by a bacterial adhesin leads to phagocytosis and an oxidative burst with the production of reactive oxygen metabolites. (PMID: 11087709)</p>.	C23H40N2O18		None	None	None	1503.89	1479.05	2963.65	1018.91	1737.83	2397.19	1963.68	1364.51	2344.17	1878.27	1486.01	2500.48	2175.51	2363.95	895.696	1437.93	2420.42	1834.2	1919.48	2165.19	1689.25	1661.25	2146.81	2322.65	1740.3	2957.0	1432.16	2903.02	2411.79	1916.18	953.418	1986.14	1386.18	1992.21	1852.61	2318.77	1610.03	1987.02	1902.36	
655.5641390_MZ	Diglyceride (15:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/22:1(13Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of erucic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the erucic acid moiety is derived from seed oils and avocados. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C40H76O5		None	None	None	22916.2	24334.6	14345.3	26842.0	22875.3	20303.7	27226.3	14512.2	11257.1	12813.0	17485.9	15166.8	12896.1	9888.22	37769.9	32550.1	13319.7	18996.3	11507.4	4097.79	16390.8	18789.6	16689.0	10599.4	10603.4	15290.0	29383.3	10823.2	20801.0	17325.9	45190.3	15289.8	12488.9	8520.67	14988.2	10502.0	19742.8	6703.2	12147.2	
657.4984714_MZ	Diglyceride (16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C41H66O5		None	None	None	29388.9	7732.99	9302.69	14753.1	36726.3	12769.1	34793.9	37470.9	14402.4	17466.8	18570.8	10004.8	47128.1	8480.51	9678.54	67533.1	8374.39	29966.2	12335.0	13262.6	13248.5	29221.2	20527.3	15256.8	17728.2	14706.2	34667.3	16105.3	10040.3	16620.6	24474.1	50637.6	13990.7	29974.6	9577.47	13578.2	34506.7	19292.4	10351.0	
659.5046020_MZ	Diglyceride (16:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C41H68O5		None	None	None	223935.0	38784.4	43933.4	38582.9	131148.0	39178.4	176758.0	365064.0	61865.2	49406.0	88780.9	48760.4	90324.9	30768.9	33776.5	946562.0	34318.5	159446.0	60644.1	33760.9	45092.1	274233.0	56313.1	113946.0	48624.5	44152.9	285606.0	72118.6	62526.4	76920.2	53009.4	278308.0	102975.0	122242.0	45289.9	29053.5	135575.0	82704.9	73207.9	
660.2985369_MZ	S-(11-OH-9-deoxy-delta9_12-PGD2)-glutathione	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C30H47N3O10S		None	None	None	7797.93	5007.6	6698.34	4426.69	7104.22	4396.93	7586.92	6031.98	5269.77	5157.9	6840.56	5395.65	4289.8	4829.96	3461.64	4224.92	3945.97	5576.73	5833.41	4500.8	5335.74	5620.88	4906.99	5379.15	4808.01	4263.65	6236.41	3953.77	5550.81	6560.1	5023.53	7344.28	3175.88	5467.68	4136.45	3313.4	4879.96	3614.92	5294.01	
661.5175643_MZ	Phosphatidic Acid with formula C37H75O7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-octadecanoyl-1-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate is an intermediate in ether lipid metabolism. 2-octadecanoyl-1-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate is converted from 1-octadecyl-glycerone-3-phosphate via 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. (EC: 2.3.1.51). Ether lipids are lipids in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. Ether lipids are called plasmalogens (1-O-1'-alkenyl-2-acylglycerophospholipids) if these are glycerol-containing phospholipids with an unsaturated O-(1-alkenyl) (vinyl ether) group at the first position on the glycerol chain. Plasmalogens as well as some 1-O-alkyl lipids are ubiquitous and sometimes major parts of the cell membranes in mammals and anaerobic bacteria. In archaea, ether lipids are the major polar lipids in the cell envelope and their abundance is one of the major characteristics that separate this group of prokaryotes from the bacteria. In these cells, diphytanylglycerolipids or bipolar macrocyclic tetraethers can form covalently linked bilayers.	C37H75O7P		None	None	None	63956.6	18483.3	24185.8	19600.7	48385.6	25052.8	64210.8	99112.5	32854.7	23137.5	31214.2	32992.5	47705.8	16101.4	13407.0	182303.0	17857.8	86346.2	27668.2	22954.2	23545.1	78219.4	27033.4	40917.4	28030.3	19636.1	82139.1	27780.5	23131.8	27618.9	20771.5	95185.1	36212.0	67393.8	20184.7	13353.9	54011.6	39009.7	36431.4	
662.9716431_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol-3_4_5-trisphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C12H24O22P4		None	None	None	9082.45	9128.31	8723.96	10164.7	9517.12	9181.21	10121.3	9214.96	8365.52	8679.44	10006.7	8088.18	8847.63	9661.17	13361.9	9462.3	8521.97	8599.73	8553.42	7983.16	8757.27	8674.48	8496.2	8953.97	7843.23	8453.63	9114.04	8329.21	9137.17	9804.41	11772.1	8926.93	7659.77	7544.08	8010.13	9067.27	9155.51	7562.75	8212.84	
665.2139302_MZ	Glycogen	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glycogen is a highly-branched polymer of about 30,000 glucose residues and has a molecular weight between 106 and 107 daltons (4.8 million approx.). Most of Glc units are linked by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds, approximately 1 in 12 Glc residues also makes -1,6 glycosidic bond with a second Glc which results in the creation of a branch. Glycogen only has one reducing end and a large number of non-reducing ends with a free hydroxyl group at carbon 4. The glycogen granules contain both glycogen and the enzymes of glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) and degradation (glycogenolysis). The enzymes are nested between the outer branches of the glycogen molecules and act on the non-reducing ends. Therefore, the many non-reducing end-branches of glycogen facilitate its rapid synthesis and breakdown. In hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin, liver glycogen levels are high, but the high insulin level prevents the glycogenolysis necessary to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon is a common treatment for this type of hypoglycemia. Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the principal storage form of glucose (Glc) in animal and human cells. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol in many cell types. Hepatocytes (liver cells) have the highest concentration of it - up to 8% of the fresh weight in well fed state, or 100 to 120 g in an adult - giving liver a distinctive, 'starchy taste'. In the muscles, glycogen is found in a much lower concentration (1% of the muscle mass), but the total amount exceeds that in liver. Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells.	C24H42O21, Maltotetraose, Stachyose		None	None	None	63554.4	75344.6	41927.7	38876.9	40745.9	97590.7	45901.6	36766.2	69139.2	138184.0	85233.2	76134.5	67898.9	139149.0	72887.4	73640.8	178682.0	67190.1	79369.2	80048.9	106185.0	66573.2	44499.2	91627.5	54423.8	204330.0	72429.3	184432.0	164368.0	135552.0	47985.4	84207.9	45019.7	43264.6	46922.4	112720.0	172008.0	52231.1	67582.1	
665.5490548_MZ	Diglyceride (16:1(9Z)/22:2(13Z,16Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:1(9Z)/22:2(13Z,16Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:1(9Z)/22:2(13Z,16Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the docosadienoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C41H74O5		None	None	None	16060.5	5779.93	5691.46	3888.34	16300.7	5818.27	16790.2	26267.3	7839.65	5316.9	8387.74	8906.55	31850.1	3976.09	3956.95	32061.4	3762.9	16399.0	8505.13	8755.83	7139.21	18582.5	11029.0	8449.45	7838.27	7824.09	21501.2	8948.72	5351.34	9676.88	4740.86	25618.9	9719.14	26522.9	5679.58	3853.99	15406.8	13713.5	7839.75	
665.6059869_MZ	Diglyceride (15:0/24:0/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(15:0/24:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(15:0/24:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C42H82O5		None	None	None	3695.9	1154.52	2462.24	2249.73	3768.6	459.399	3523.62	3668.66	3431.67	1457.12	2219.48	1317.8	3292.83	1854.49	771.941	5184.1	1553.98	3312.82	1676.51	2326.8	2296.07	2901.17	3962.91	2353.38	2164.3	2705.21	3304.4	1211.66	1135.74	1391.14	2621.58	3340.45	2041.97	2533.05	2913.7	678.666	2751.96	2563.77	3418.99	
668.6337057_MZ	N-Lignoceroylsphingosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramide (N-acyl sphingosine) is known as an important precursor common to the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelin. Naturally occurring ceramide is composed of various molecular species resulting from a combination of C16 and 26 fatty acids and sphingosine (sphingenine). The N-acyl chain is thought to be mainly introduced by the acylation of sphinganine, and the resultant dihydroceramide (N-acyl sphinganine) is desaturated to form ceramide. The hydrolysis of sphingolipids also yields ceramide and may further lead to the generation of sphingosine and sphingosine phosphate. Recent studies have established the existence of a sphingomyelin cycle or a sphingomyelin pathway that operates in response to various agonists and stresses. Ceramide, is thought to act as a second messenger in the intracellular signaling pathway to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, cell propagation, or induction of cytokine synthesis.	C42H83NO3, Ceramide (d18:1/24:0), Ceramide (d18:0/24:1(15Z))		None	None	None	14733.5	15564.3	20013.7	14086.7	12813.6	6021.25	26555.0	13488.6	13792.3	7269.35	14142.5	24537.3	12303.0	7816.3	5275.05	23671.5	12319.7	15571.8	9946.81	9299.44	11567.6	18400.9	16255.9	13056.7	11926.9	14099.2	19626.8	5998.93	9711.89	14421.8	9703.69	12288.5	16092.9	13442.0	12435.1	3443.06	10510.7	13334.2	17707.7	
669.5768775_MZ	Diglyceride (14:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(14:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(14:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C41H78O5		None	None	None	9920.99	6367.57	5219.85	12232.1	9205.43	6104.13	12358.0	5765.29	6608.73	6199.97	6366.8	6663.74	9689.56	5086.93	9377.87	14249.0	4785.81	10346.4	5085.15	3787.35	8375.98	9112.72	8901.79	6308.95	4081.53	9151.2	11940.6	3729.82	5221.99	6120.84	16963.2	9273.24	4617.16	5186.48	4863.39	2362.58	9377.9	5634.51	4073.48	
671.6156508_MZ	Cholesterol Ester with formula	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CE(18:0) is a cholesterol fatty acid ester or simply a cholesterol ester (CE). Cholesterol esters are cholesterol molecules with long-chain fatty acids linked to the hydroxyl group. They are much less polar than free cholesterol and appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and for storage. Cholesterol esters do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles or lipoprotein particles. Because of the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of C18 fatty acids. Cholesterol esters are major constituents of the adrenal glands and they also accumulate in the fatty lesions of atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol esters are also major constituents of the lipoprotein particles carried in blood (HDL, LDL, VLDL). The cholesterol esters in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are synthesized largely by transfer of fatty acids to cholesterol from position sn-2 (or C-2) of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). The enzyme also promotes the transfer of cholesterol from cells to HDL. As cholesterol esters accumulate in the lipoprotein core, cholesterol is removed from its surface thus promoting the flow of cholesterol from cell membranes into HDL. This in turn leads to morphological changes in HDL, which grow and become spherical. Subsequently, cholesterol esters are transferred to the other lipoprotein fractions LDL and VLDL, a reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Another enzyme, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) synthesizes cholesterol esters from CoA esters of fatty acids and cholesterol. Cholesterol ester hydrolases liberate cholesterol and free fatty acids when required for membrane and lipoprotein formation, and they also provide cholesterol for hormone synthesis in adrenal cells.	C45H80O2		None	None	None	1313.14	1312.88	1062.26	3352.08	976.117	925.12	3833.09	296.569	786.648	1475.3	1000.36	2215.27	585.124	1099.82	9574.86	2110.95	928.488	1438.32	571.697	418.478	857.918	1261.21	1841.99	1181.46	550.733	1626.89	2430.98	259.537	587.791	1021.05	8019.47	845.173	800.508	513.23	884.202	160.911	1089.4	495.588	1313.71	
672.4944577_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C37H72NO7P		None	None	None	2216.13	1935.91	1496.7	2144.76	2286.94	1574.2	2904.22	2544.46	1770.37	1516.04	2699.1	2661.56	2145.04	1445.1	2091.41	4300.89	1323.36	2742.28	1836.38	1074.66	1819.4	2314.73	1875.68	1684.76	1765.52	2078.5	3383.23	1323.7	1993.98	2415.2	3875.01	3165.94	1584.38	1653.6	1225.23	982.013	2149.53	1791.76	1881.51	
672.5451634_MZ	Ceramide Phosphated with formula C38H76NO6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CerP(d18:1/20:0) is a ceramide 1-phosphate belonging to the sphingolipid class of molecules. Ceramides are amides of fatty acids with long-chain di- or trihydroxy bases, the commonest in animals being sphingosine and in plants phytosphingosine. The acyl group of ceramides is generally a long-chain saturated or monounsaturated fatty acid. The most frequent fatty acids found in animal ceramides are 18:0, 24:0 and 24:1(n-9). Ceramide 1-phosphates are produced by phosphorylation of ceramide by a specific ceramide kinase. Ceramide-1-phosphate was shown to be a specific and potent inducer of arachidonic acid and prostanoid synthesis in cells through the translocation and activation of the cytoplasmic phospholipase A2.	C38H76NO6P		None	None	None	256.617	295.58	248.084	537.27	720.083	92.5412	824.272	303.547	104.565	78.6787	249.211	280.64	221.937	276.333	885.771	595.253	300.356	1066.38	351.632	199.343	133.248	121.938	72.7099	17.898	194.474	373.061	891.924	328.457	353.94	746.849	138.055	173.648	349.808	246.023	323.935	273.853	412.416	
673.4789204_MZ	Phosphatidic acid (16:0/18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PA(16:0/18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidic acid. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidic acids can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PA(16:0/18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Phosphatidic acids are quite rare but are extremely important as intermediates in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Indeed, the concentration of phosphatidic acids is often over-estimated in tissues and biofluids as it can arise by inadvertent enzymatic hydrolysis during inappropriate storage or extraction conditions during analysis. The main biosynthetic route of phosphatidic acid in animal tissues involves sequential acylation of alpha-glycerophosphate by acyl-CoA derivatives of fatty acids. PAs are biologically active lipids that can stimulate a large range of responses in many different cell types, such as platelet aggregation, smooth muscle contraction, in vivo vasoactive effects, chemotaxis, expression of adhesion molecules, increased tight junction permeability of endothelial cells, induction of stress fibres, modulation of cardiac contractility, and many others. Diacylglycerols (DAGs) can be converted to PAs by DAG kinases and indirect evidence supports the notion that PAs alter the excitability of neurons. Phospholipase Ds (PLDs), which catalyze the conversion of glycerolphospholipids, particularly phosphatidylcholine, to PAs and the conversion of N-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) to anandamide and PAs are activated by several inflammatory mediators including bradykinin, ATP and glutamate. PAs activate downstream signaling pathways such as PKCs and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are linked to an increase in sensitivity of sensory neurons either during inflammation or in chronic pain models. Circumstantial evidence that PAs are converted to DAGs. (PMID: 12618218, 16185776).	C37H71O8P		None	None	None	33755.7	21356.9	21329.4	27592.2	30740.8	18747.8	45487.3	47701.0	23961.2	19710.1	32243.0	35366.7	29203.5	20029.5	15850.9	61842.3	14990.4	32802.8	24066.9	16672.1	22633.7	34928.3	22495.6	20676.2	31016.8	26223.5	41698.8	17430.0	23153.0	29103.7	38044.4	49297.7	17015.2	21946.9	15757.1	13452.6	26593.8	20522.5	20403.7	
673.5901449_MZ	Cholesterol ester (20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CE(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)) is a cholesterol fatty acid ester or simply a cholesterol ester (CE). Cholesterol esters are cholesterol molecules with long-chain fatty acids linked to the hydroxyl group. They are much less polar than free cholesterol and appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and for storage. Cholesterol esters do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles or lipoprotein particles. Because of the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of C18 fatty acids. Cholesterol esters are major constituents of the adrenal glands and they also accumulate in the fatty lesions of atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol esters are also major constituents of the lipoprotein particles carried in blood (HDL, LDL, VLDL). The cholesterol esters in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are synthesized largely by transfer of fatty acids to cholesterol from position sn-2 (or C-2) of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). The enzyme also promotes the transfer of cholesterol from cells to HDL. As cholesterol esters accumulate in the lipoprotein core, cholesterol is removed from its surface thus promoting the flow of cholesterol from cell membranes into HDL. This in turn leads to morphological changes in HDL, which grow and become spherical. Subsequently, cholesterol esters are transferred to the other lipoprotein fractions LDL and VLDL, a reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Another enzyme, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) synthesizes cholesterol esters from CoA esters of fatty acids and cholesterol. Cholesterol ester hydrolases liberate cholesterol and free fatty acids when required for membrane and lipoprotein formation, and they also provide cholesterol for hormone synthesis in adrenal cells.	C47H78O2		None	None	None	2772.2	2937.39	2324.08	5706.67	2441.39	2667.36	6946.12	887.292	2256.38	2918.28	2050.71	4661.33	1739.12	3401.15	4602.28	4303.13	2140.91	2620.54	1251.7	1082.53	2708.51	2094.51	3176.9	2439.29	1356.89	3147.8	4088.94	783.592	1744.52	2782.53	8579.59	2048.83	846.194	1103.94	2223.92	504.954	2349.13	1304.58	1827.73	
674.4011680_MZ	Phosphatidylserine with formula C34H62NO10P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C34H62NO10P		None	None	None	3226.98	6621.54	7989.01	7281.3	14908.0	17986.3	6253.61	2508.97	9625.84	12640.8	23549.6	10230.0	6073.14	10760.6	3808.04	3342.78	3620.38	2288.7	3640.86	7261.41	12547.3	1165.07	6028.76	9104.77	8011.6	5964.18	4329.18	4982.5	15907.7	3300.85	5771.8	2541.07	4249.58	9888.57	3742.38	7257.62	4668.12	7797.71	16438.8	
674.5138333_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/P-18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/P-18:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/P-18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:0 at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the plasmalogen 18:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C37H74NO7P		None	None	None	3605.37	1518.45	1892.93	2400.32	4693.41	1851.7	4431.42	4372.5	2261.52	2835.21	3100.37	2516.56	3478.67	1988.6	2107.99	5796.83	1376.45	3758.48	1902.19	1646.27	2126.4	2682.75	2080.4	1861.47	2806.92	2161.75	3882.17	1396.27	1737.28	2566.39	4224.25	4178.63	1412.75	2520.12	1422.14	1174.36	2298.0	1983.25	2101.21	
675.4745218_MZ	Phosphatidic Acid with formula C37H69O7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate is an intermediate of ether lipid metabolism. Ether lipids are lipids in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate is irreversibly produced from 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-1-(1Z-hexadecenyl))-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine via the enzyme phospholipase D (EC: 3.1.4.4). Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C37H69O7P		None	None	None	53956.7	14948.3	12479.4	24747.0	46547.5	16840.3	57807.6	76697.1	16874.8	26432.9	27087.8	12135.7	34967.0	11054.0	24252.2	202756.0	10636.3	35749.6	13800.0	8689.93	17312.6	51782.9	20548.7	24284.3	14284.4	16637.4	80796.5	23385.9	24555.4	23422.4	67842.3	74949.0	26568.0	23309.2	11770.1	20261.0	44901.0	16627.6	16165.6	
675.5865555_MZ	Diglyceride (16:1(9Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:1(9Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:1(9Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C43H80O5		None	None	None	1227.3	1644.7	1169.38	748.706	68.0376	1028.53	2092.77	808.604	195.354	275.7	530.772	1105.8	180.366	563.565	2934.06	2720.34	448.824	1009.15	670.302	214.653	333.571	1662.76	379.646	80.3699	156.683	611.81	1488.13	416.303	1490.19	1311.74	1596.65	342.703	597.059	284.02	379.219	237.978	734.643	202.342	281.994	
677.4202509_MZ	Fucoxanthin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid, with formula C40H60O6. It is found as an accessory pigment in the chloroplasts of brown algae and most other heterokonts, giving them a brown or olive-green color. Fucoxanthin absorbs light primarily in the blue-green to yellow-green part of the visible spectrum, peaking at around 510-525 nm by various estimates and absorbing significantly in the range of 450 to 540 nm. -- Wikipedia.	C42H58O6		None	None	None	2297.7	2972.64	3866.44	3054.26	4969.37	6049.77	3934.98	2452.22	3880.86	4151.81	7257.22	3223.81	3516.59	4704.12	2185.8	1715.67	2212.73	2147.17	1993.95	2139.8	4575.25	1472.6	2739.35	3537.72	2402.1	2651.18	2226.39	1623.34	5519.59	2975.85	2834.55	1511.71	1828.89	2679.6	2657.38	2524.18	2492.94	2712.16	4462.79	
678.0947527_MZ	UDP-N-acetylmuraminate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	UDP-N-acetylmuraminate is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar which is formed from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and phosphoenolpyruvate. It serves as the building block upon which peptidoglycan is formed.	C20H31N3O19P2		None	None	None	13201.5	22429.7	10285.5	22975.4	9372.41	20357.0	13037.9	12824.2	8963.51	18863.0	12402.0	14680.2	21863.7	18295.9	32341.3	12673.9	11936.0	10201.3	11110.3	15131.4	10401.7	15447.9	15000.7	10893.3	14902.9	13269.9	12995.4	21172.4	17113.3	18884.6	28101.7	12226.7	21375.2	14918.7	12251.4	24232.6	20109.9	10467.8	12646.3	
678.6913490_MZ	Ceramide (d18:0/26:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ceramides (N-acylsphingosine) are one of the hydrolysis byproducts of sphingomyelin by the enzyme sphingomyelinase (sphingomyelin phosphorylcholine phosphohydrolase E.C.3.1.4.12) which has been identified in the subcellular fractions of human epidermis (PMID 25935) and many other tissues. They can also be synthesized from serine and palmitate in a de novo pathway and are regarded as important cellular signals for inducing apoptosis (PMID 14998372). Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides.	C44H89NO3		None	None	None	1854.63	2575.12	2119.53	2944.13	2338.74	2323.96	2152.7	1683.24	1974.02	2302.01	2220.06	1834.61	1756.85	2395.76	3711.57	1792.05	1824.98	2024.33	2068.17	1962.25	2477.24	1939.06	2067.59	2119.69	2368.27	2290.48	2439.06	2098.42	2045.05	1738.97	3702.62	1973.26	2017.73	1912.25	1951.21	2705.65	2230.07	1940.0	1876.21	
679.6246213_MZ	Diglyceride (16:0/24:0/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:0/24:0/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:0/24:0/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C43H84O5		None	None	None	194.567	122.799	548.846	497.804	1341.08	147.594	
680.4936384_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (15:0/P-16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(15:0/P-16:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(15:0/P-16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 16:0 at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the plasmalogen 16:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C36H72NO7P		None	None	None	3313.25	1886.01	1229.06	2675.66	4186.54	2224.7	4521.59	4348.38	1763.06	2811.65	2144.82	1687.98	4544.16	1555.12	4128.32	6521.44	1225.54	4095.78	1491.02	865.92	2110.39	3055.63	2347.29	1735.08	1582.53	1789.14	4368.9	1963.21	2577.21	5746.91	7789.59	4873.89	1870.12	2512.75	1133.51	1926.94	3342.94	1396.75	1652.71	
683.5038432_MZ	Diglyceride (18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of linoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C43H68O5		None	None	None	5949.7	6201.04	4547.22	3273.21	7204.82	4621.3	9136.98	8376.06	7080.32	3975.58	4184.77	6917.59	5212.88	3179.68	3999.54	9072.62	4275.04	8132.56	4038.48	2269.83	3940.61	5763.23	4910.39	7002.33	2593.93	2747.12	13986.8	3093.14	4275.1	6973.32	4267.76	7964.34	6233.91	9274.91	6249.81	1836.57	5977.8	5560.19	5066.62	
687.5390396_MZ	Diglyceride (18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C43H72O5		None	None	None	44062.9	24932.1	36753.1	29087.5	47354.1	24563.3	53756.3	56546.0	41820.3	32270.2	34167.0	45627.2	48915.1	26669.3	16280.7	59949.3	23030.6	48438.6	28157.5	31480.0	32012.4	30817.2	26797.0	32682.3	36136.8	22437.6	55075.5	23898.9	23219.8	34454.5	27217.7	47420.0	27184.6	56885.5	21600.1	14955.7	27715.3	33211.4	36080.8	
688.4906140_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:1(9Z)/15:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:1(9Z)/15:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:1(9Z)/15:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C37H72NO8P		None	None	None	4519.44	3821.73	4062.97	5264.33	5198.2	2723.59	5004.08	4176.45	4600.5	3181.55	5877.39	4824.83	6394.49	3379.36	2379.56	4822.64	2946.67	3280.48	3039.77	2512.26	5330.11	3445.4	4126.76	4603.44	3686.88	4399.55	4029.97	1492.35	4971.02	4054.43	7024.68	4388.3	2332.92	2169.28	3455.52	2224.02	3325.37	3157.61	3019.38	
690.5060612_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/15:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/15:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/15:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C37H74NO8P		None	None	None	2331.31	1761.23	1984.61	1957.37	2758.95	1567.47	2851.85	3451.21	1730.59	1904.34	2523.93	3098.89	6482.26	2122.75	1586.87	2506.39	1325.69	2106.2	1031.16	1416.25	2423.12	1430.05	1947.45	1849.21	1644.73	1882.92	2385.18	781.101	1781.94	2229.3	2693.1	1934.96	1109.89	1392.0	969.141	895.566	1139.35	1462.11	2376.81	
695.1144887_MZ	Diadenosine diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diadenosine diphosphate is a member of the diadenosine polyphosphates. Diadenosine diphosphate is typically synthesized from ADP-ribosyl cyclases. Diadenosine polyphosphates are members of a group of dinucleoside polyphosphates that are ubiquitous, naturally occurring molecules. They form a recently identified class of compounds derived from ATP and consist of two adenosine molecules bridged by up to six phosphate groups. These compounds are stored in high concentrations in platelet dense granules and are released when platelets become activated. Some of the compounds promote platelet aggregation, while others are inhibitory. Possible roles as neurotransmitters, extracellular signalling molecules or 'alarmones' secreted by cells in response to physiologically stressful stimuli have been postulated. Recent studies suggest a role for these compounds in atrial and synaptic neurotransmission. Studies using isolated mesenteric arteries indicate an important role of phosphate chain length in determining whether diadenosine polyphosphates produce vasodilatation or vasoconstriction, but in the coronary circulation, diadenosine polyphosphates generally produce vasodilatation via mechanisms thought to involve release of NO or prostacyclin (PGI2). They produce cardiac electrophysiological effects by altering ventricular refractoriness at submicromolar concentrations and reduce heart rate. Mechanisms involving KATP channels have been proposed in addition to the involvement of P1- and P2-purinergic receptors and the specific diadenosine polyphosphate receptor identified on isolated cardiac myocytes. Clinical evidence suggests a role for diadenosine polyphosphates in hypertensive patients and those with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome. (PMID: 10434992).	C20H26N10O13P2		None	None	None	4126.44	3198.16	3373.76	2535.68	2866.75	4148.61	4064.95	3367.48	3522.09	2788.31	2499.22	3419.86	2753.64	3441.43	5162.77	3624.05	3350.89	3043.61	4120.56	3405.55	2782.0	3342.88	3679.95	2834.4	3609.9	3394.84	3933.42	3878.87	3606.63	3745.81	2083.66	3499.52	2541.66	3221.3	4145.71	4925.92	4434.57	3074.99	2872.91	
697.2577712_MZ	Pentacarboxylporphyrin I	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pentacarboxylporphyrin I is a bile product that arises from the conversion of Pentacarboxylporphyrinogen I to Pentacarboxylporphyrin I by porphyrinogen carboxy-lyase (EC 4.1.1.37).	C37H38N4O10		None	None	None	271.238	323.023	520.454	309.363	677.498	737.713	202.061	545.626	521.592	282.453	564.833	679.704	379.86	583.818	1350.03	85.4369	408.127	340.113	246.023	267.28	329.585	116.791	420.651	326.52	421.063	505.182	412.882	235.876	505.46	147.871	361.124	375.949	112.249	395.778	282.754	217.549	378.266	400.125	288.943	
697.6123520_MZ	Diglyceride (16:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(16:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(16:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C43H82O5		None	None	None	884.893	908.1	498.103	881.582	754.187	846.997	1425.02	404.537	412.531	300.587	691.156	1891.83	359.212	985.48	2475.53	1882.16	433.059	1129.43	1007.29	340.933	872.771	1086.99	562.146	532.591	312.782	832.818	1656.23	215.065	602.487	993.347	698.606	669.214	588.762	142.11	734.231	781.111	402.068	276.98	
698.2099964_MZ	Pteroyltriglutamic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pteroyltriglutamic acid is a crystalline conjugate of folic acid containing three molecules of glutamic acid instead of one and having the general properties of a polypeptide. (http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pteropterin). As a measure of enterocyte function, the deconjugation of Pteroylpolyglutamic acid (pteroyl-L-glutamyl-gamma-L-glutamyl-gamma-L-glutamic acid) to folic acid and subsequent active absorption was measured in 19 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis and compared with 14 controls. The absorption step of folic acid was identical in the two groups, while deconjugation of pteroyl-L-glutamyl-gamma-L-glutamyl-gamma-L-glutamic acid was significantly decreased in the patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. This observation suggests a primary epithelial defect of the small intestine in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. (PMID 3583071). Glutamyl hydrolase cleaves the poly-g-glutamate chain folate and antifolate poly-g-glutamates. Its cellular location is lysosomal with large amts. of the enzyme constitutively secreted. The highest levels of glutamyl hydrolase mRNA in humans is found in the liver and kidney. (PMID: 10598552).	C29H33N9O12		None	None	None	3391.25	3685.28	3722.86	6027.71	3526.29	3851.17	4052.79	3001.84	3336.44	7179.1	3641.99	2708.62	4257.58	5279.8	8231.86	3453.94	4148.69	3906.08	2750.64	3539.24	3100.0	3834.8	7879.82	3405.56	3266.27	5443.95	3245.01	4220.91	3628.03	2754.11	7899.88	3759.91	3823.2	3893.2	3389.67	3555.83	3585.54	4123.38	3054.35	
698.4367440_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:0/14:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:0/14:0) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:0/14:0), in particular, consists of two chains of myristic acid both at the C-1 position and the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C34H66NO10P		None	None	None	1558.97	4015.31	4351.81	4450.27	8859.51	9599.85	3511.84	1588.68	6156.43	7389.32	14155.0	5357.1	3906.83	5877.67	1591.3	617.101	1726.86	951.907	1634.2	4431.73	7242.48	913.295	3134.55	5135.63	3965.56	3154.06	1856.35	2337.92	10007.6	2968.72	3202.01	1265.07	2768.95	4985.41	1871.65	3433.22	2799.8	4474.7	9051.19	
698.5115240_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (16:1(9Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(16:1(9Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(16:1(9Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C39H74NO7P		None	None	None	4930.6	4732.04	5041.44	5235.81	3297.89	2832.65	5314.84	4590.17	5482.7	1981.87	4418.18	6801.09	6148.45	2860.19	3028.04	6281.35	2891.24	5881.75	4337.55	2799.55	4755.21	3850.16	4380.56	4400.22	3856.23	5186.69	6064.82	2449.84	3514.1	5632.93	4542.78	4221.55	3172.98	2993.55	3509.81	2141.95	3897.65	2994.81	4834.68	
698.5549652_MZ	Galactosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galactosylceramides (GalCer) are non-acidic monoglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with one carbohydrate moiety attached to a ceramide unit. They are an intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism and is the second to last step in the synthesis of digalactosylceramidesulfate. GalCer is generated from ceramide via the enzyme UDP-galactose ceramide galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.47]. It can be converted to digalactosylceramide via the enzyme glycosyltransferases [EC 2.4.1.-]. Galactosylceramide is the principal glycosphingolipid in brain tissue, hence the trivial name cerebroside, which was first conferred on it in 1874. Galactosylceramides are found in all nervous tissues, but they can amount to 2% of the dry weight of grey matter and 12% of white matter. They are major constituents of oligodendrocytes. Synthesis of galactosylceramide takes place on the lumenal surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, although it has free access to the cytosolic surface by an energy-independent flip-flop process. GalCer sits in the extracellular leaflet of cell membranes in nanometer sized domains or rafts. The local clustering of GalCer within rafts is thought to facilitate the initial adhesion of certain viruses, including HIV-1 and bacteria to cells through multivalent interactions between receptor proteins and GalCer. A defect in the degradation of cerbrosides leads to a disorder called Krabbe disease. Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Krabbe disease is caused by mutations in the GALC gene, which causes a deficiency of galactosylceramidase. Infants with Krabbe disease are normal at birth. Symptoms begin between the ages of 3 and 6 months with irritability, fevers, limb stiffness, seizures, feeding difficulties, vomiting, and slowing of mental and motor development. There are also juvenile- and adult-onset cases of Krabbe disease, which have similar symptoms but slower progression. In infants, the disease is generally fatal before age 2. Patients with late-onset Krabbe disease tend to have a slower progression of the disease and live significantly longer.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease.	C40H77NO8		None	None	None	16375.3	2643.65	6676.65	3026.52	10577.6	2523.7	5942.06	11843.4	4605.86	3215.87	5600.16	5887.05	14512.9	6409.52	1833.02	6089.97	3292.21	5872.08	3997.21	2568.77	5279.61	3752.39	3348.19	4801.1	5248.35	5155.96	5424.98	3098.31	4011.46	4659.19	3587.99	6286.92	3081.72	4269.72	1964.55	2929.43	3085.21	3408.46	4287.32	
699.4945604_MZ	Phosphatidic acid (18:0/18:2(9Z,12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PA(18:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidic acid. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidic acids can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PA(18:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phosphatidic acids are quite rare but are extremely important as intermediates in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Indeed, the concentration of phosphatidic acids is often over-estimated in tissues and biofluids as it can arise by inadvertent enzymatic hydrolysis during inappropriate storage or extraction conditions during analysis. The main biosynthetic route of phosphatidic acid in animal tissues involves sequential acylation of alpha-glycerophosphate by acyl-CoA derivatives of fatty acids. PAs are biologically active lipids that can stimulate a large range of responses in many different cell types, such as platelet aggregation, smooth muscle contraction, in vivo vasoactive effects, chemotaxis, expression of adhesion molecules, increased tight junction permeability of endothelial cells, induction of stress fibres, modulation of cardiac contractility, and many others. Diacylglycerols (DAGs) can be converted to PAs by DAG kinases and indirect evidence supports the notion that PAs alter the excitability of neurons. Phospholipase Ds (PLDs), which catalyze the conversion of glycerolphospholipids, particularly phosphatidylcholine, to PAs and the conversion of N-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) to anandamide and PAs are activated by several inflammatory mediators including bradykinin, ATP and glutamate. PAs activate downstream signaling pathways such as PKCs and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are linked to an increase in sensitivity of sensory neurons either during inflammation or in chronic pain models. Circumstantial evidence that PAs are converted to DAGs. (PMID: 12618218, 16185776).	C39H73O8P		None	None	None	42474.8	33147.4	36615.7	70003.0	36675.1	22854.9	52540.6	46293.7	41312.5	29694.0	40465.1	70880.2	30202.8	24306.1	25638.2	54238.1	19858.8	45965.9	35527.2	23223.1	28389.2	33985.0	38404.5	29670.0	39284.5	34966.8	43679.0	25346.9	30504.2	49725.0	100699.0	43855.4	21466.7	30094.5	25948.6	23268.4	33017.9	35387.1	31983.6	
699.6447756_MZ	Cholesterol Ester (20:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CE(20:0) is a cholesterol fatty acid ester or simply a cholesterol ester (CE). Cholesterol esters are cholesterol molecules with long-chain fatty acids linked to the hydroxyl group. They are much less polar than free cholesterol and appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and for storage. Cholesterol esters do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles or lipoprotein particles. Because of the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of C18 fatty acids. Cholesterol esters are major constituents of the adrenal glands and they also accumulate in the fatty lesions of atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol esters are also major constituents of the lipoprotein particles carried in blood (HDL, LDL, VLDL). The cholesterol esters in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are synthesized largely by transfer of fatty acids to cholesterol from position sn-2 (or C-2) of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). The enzyme also promotes the transfer of cholesterol from cells to HDL. As cholesterol esters accumulate in the lipoprotein core, cholesterol is removed from its surface thus promoting the flow of cholesterol from cell membranes into HDL. This in turn leads to morphological changes in HDL, which grow and become spherical. Subsequently, cholesterol esters are transferred to the other lipoprotein fractions LDL and VLDL, a reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Another enzyme, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) synthesizes cholesterol esters from CoA esters of fatty acids and cholesterol. Cholesterol ester hydrolases liberate cholesterol and free fatty acids when required for membrane and lipoprotein formation, and they also provide cholesterol for hormone synthesis in adrenal cells.	C47H84O2		None	None	None	577.03	394.463	73.8327	
703.6163677_MZ	Diglyceride (18:1(11Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(18:1(11Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(18:1(11Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C45H84O5		None	None	None	801.081	706.811	630.844	498.868	54.9138	382.806	1401.35	1234.98	162.556	333.451	244.597	528.342	379.824	269.215	1143.56	1422.85	215.036	583.155	166.744	54.3004	396.394	1083.5	329.306	331.117	98.7995	377.199	778.434	360.313	530.473	673.441	920.822	170.826	242.115	227.33	98.0233	31.2479	602.54	289.827	392.305	
705.6325794_MZ	Diglyceride (18:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(18:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(18:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C45H86O5		None	None	None	284.092	171.366	563.055	382.188	867.782	36.4303	312.218	214.973	650.081	395.857	39.6596	134.654	627.792	31.3109	51.6219	471.554	48.4906	404.142	396.861	341.148	340.967	143.604	1414.56	67.711	305.776	243.35	35.068	123.138	318.861	23.1998	240.128	
706.2379919_MZ	(a-D-mannosyl)2-b-D-mannosyl-N-acetylglucosamine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(alpha-D-mannosyl)2-beta-D-mannosyl-N-acetylglucosamine is an intermediate in aminosugars metabolism. It is substrate of Lysosomal alpha-mannosidase.	C26H45NO21, Lacto-N-tetraose, Neolactotetraose, Alpha-D-Manp-(1 -> 2)-a-D-Manp-(1 -> 2)-a-D-Manp-(1 -> 3)-b-D-Manp-(1 -> 4)-D-GlcNAcp		None	None	None	739.615	1008.32	822.609	1783.13	872.786	1493.07	544.381	375.586	718.177	1044.06	1062.09	268.667	943.737	1012.96	869.781	792.162	1264.62	1029.43	1102.0	693.585	755.585	912.073	721.677	1354.58	1168.45	1421.86	384.662	618.353	852.274	831.103	1027.52	1153.23	328.542	725.177	729.005	365.442	1412.45	777.672	423.418	
706.5243422_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:1(9Z)/P-16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:1(9Z)/P-16:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:1(9Z)/P-16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 16:0 at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the plasmalogen 16:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C38H74NO7P		None	None	None	907.659	727.9	473.224	733.879	1162.48	926.196	1721.57	2056.25	357.885	759.296	357.215	539.654	1529.63	374.745	1062.32	1036.6	142.443	1591.8	402.298	272.831	382.475	452.369	572.645	368.809	54.6173	260.671	1898.5	251.438	423.113	998.713	1289.07	2086.94	445.366	1191.76	268.584	589.116	816.946	436.219	286.549	
710.4634302_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C39H70NO8P		None	None	None	7706.48	4978.89	9440.65	9904.07	16722.8	10022.1	16294.7	14303.7	11077.9	8869.18	11834.5	8328.84	9706.38	9015.18	6008.92	6519.73	6679.12	7015.56	5692.44	5197.65	14031.3	6071.79	15769.2	9225.38	5638.1	11813.3	9884.62	2612.48	21357.4	14928.7	15987.7	12890.7	5656.59	5605.29	3919.43	2547.43	4610.82	6879.07	9687.65	
712.4892099_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of mead acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C39H72NO8P		None	None	None	15914.9	19506.3	31423.4	30045.0	26406.1	9774.2	26177.6	19663.2	30452.5	10477.0	18925.8	24060.1	16145.8	17273.6	12156.4	15799.2	19136.1	19724.1	12743.9	11566.8	26686.8	12492.7	27523.8	26116.2	16238.3	30460.1	21568.1	6095.01	15546.0	24329.7	30354.1	17612.2	12117.7	8345.99	18555.4	7651.11	12898.3	12759.5	17106.8	
713.5494699_MZ	Diglyceride (20:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(20:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(20:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of eicosenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The eicosenoic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils and cod oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C45H74O5		None	None	None	2726.87	1920.58	2234.51	2164.28	3367.29	1991.54	4296.68	5574.12	2856.66	1752.32	2043.54	2338.71	4055.49	1443.31	1400.66	4234.36	1602.85	3517.28	1524.27	1790.64	2586.57	2245.73	2377.72	2421.71	1570.48	1717.24	4561.32	1265.82	1381.73	2575.81	1828.26	4941.32	1855.76	4103.29	1846.98	869.453	2214.03	2835.36	2443.93	
714.5069361_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C39H74NO8P		None	None	None	130282.0	376454.0	462765.0	362191.0	155590.0	83399.4	239997.0	123693.0	365951.0	115872.0	210400.0	489461.0	176168.0	185043.0	124506.0	125680.0	225933.0	283349.0	167163.0	153024.0	294660.0	130710.0	299937.0	274730.0	207069.0	345269.0	272854.0	80442.5	136901.0	327278.0	320270.0	129741.0	150920.0	71518.3	218089.0	98336.4	97903.3	133690.0	228093.0	
716.5193608_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/16:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/16:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/16:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C39H76NO8P		None	None	None	65366.0	94125.2	101506.0	101685.0	75344.5	33076.7	89068.2	74621.5	94358.1	42514.6	80441.7	149704.0	140262.0	53579.1	39285.8	73585.2	58205.2	83017.3	50661.3	62865.2	92646.9	61245.7	80538.7	70275.0	97265.4	83563.5	83904.8	34204.0	48612.2	84789.9	94555.5	65595.8	46243.6	41800.6	64390.1	31230.1	48165.8	59654.4	68342.5	
717.4825155_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C38H71O10P		None	None	None	5215.9	5840.52	5325.65	6301.51	6800.07	4380.01	6813.84	5838.72	6377.74	4692.52	6526.16	6763.6	4683.97	4481.97	4577.96	6237.94	3565.09	5633.87	4573.3	3251.46	5812.43	4577.9	5686.35	5016.34	4564.55	5241.43	5975.98	2623.72	6438.03	7177.8	7809.06	5612.92	3706.08	3591.25	3788.2	2477.2	4400.81	3770.35	4896.09	
717.5919945_MZ	Cholesterol ester (22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CE(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a cholesterol fatty acid ester or simply a cholesterol ester (CE). Cholesterol esters are cholesterol molecules with long-chain fatty acids linked to the hydroxyl group. They are much less polar than free cholesterol and appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and for storage. Cholesterol esters do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles or lipoprotein particles. Because of the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of C18 fatty acids. Cholesterol esters are major constituents of the adrenal glands and they also accumulate in the fatty lesions of atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol esters are also major constituents of the lipoprotein particles carried in blood (HDL, LDL, VLDL). The cholesterol esters in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are synthesized largely by transfer of fatty acids to cholesterol from position sn-2 (or C-2) of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). The enzyme also promotes the transfer of cholesterol from cells to HDL. As cholesterol esters accumulate in the lipoprotein core, cholesterol is removed from its surface thus promoting the flow of cholesterol from cell membranes into HDL. This in turn leads to morphological changes in HDL, which grow and become spherical. Subsequently, cholesterol esters are transferred to the other lipoprotein fractions LDL and VLDL, a reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Another enzyme, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) synthesizes cholesterol esters from CoA esters of fatty acids and cholesterol. Cholesterol ester hydrolases liberate cholesterol and free fatty acids when required for membrane and lipoprotein formation, and they also provide cholesterol for hormone synthesis in adrenal cells.	C49H78O2		None	None	None	1300.79	849.222	1322.45	1004.8	1431.42	791.472	2360.17	1870.56	979.65	778.813	1195.68	1878.41	1409.87	1059.89	1197.65	1517.12	726.832	1714.58	513.908	512.929	986.103	845.484	1059.57	591.417	984.031	1051.5	1544.1	247.496	600.455	1088.54	1368.05	984.323	1158.47	1039.14	688.774	754.829	624.956	941.71	1119.3	
718.4856490_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (15:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C38H70NO8P		None	None	None	2642.2	2647.89	3069.0	3184.0	4131.26	2483.09	3892.58	3668.25	3275.7	2441.19	3517.07	3720.01	2187.96	2701.8	2687.96	3077.08	1885.21	2948.26	2262.83	1603.25	2990.9	1958.55	3266.28	2484.16	2228.43	2559.47	3586.38	1288.1	2796.11	3630.84	4221.39	3004.41	1700.44	1985.03	1892.19	1358.53	2201.13	1720.87	2720.31	
719.6133733_MZ	Cholesterol Ester with formula C49H80O2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Cholesteryl docosatetraenoic acid is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). Docosatetraenoic acid is one of the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in the brain, a lipid-rich organ containing mostly complex polar phospholipids, sphingolipids, gangliosides and cholesterol. Cholesteryl docosatetraenoic acid has been found in triglycerides-rich cells such as monocyte-derived macrophages. Docosatetraenoic acid is increased in plasma in children with protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM). (PMID: 17392137, 10424250, 9162758).	C49H80O2		None	None	None	202.209	314.582	167.204	138.016	99.3248	273.254	1003.26	166.593	226.085	315.767	430.167	170.641	175.284	120.093	689.201	20.6492	99.6103	292.95	74.5525	168.926	293.672	31.9376	73.6237	282.954	23.2246	179.714	78.9742	195.829	129.741	154.745	67.1964	
720.4908368_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearidonic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The stearidonic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C41H72NO7P		None	None	None	6664.8	3895.56	3644.68	3702.8	8132.66	3309.2	6225.42	8643.63	4310.89	3303.11	5620.8	4690.32	5409.58	3346.39	3575.64	10705.7	2451.62	4652.76	3380.63	2434.03	4067.14	6362.97	3727.44	3471.33	5096.97	3415.83	5391.47	2438.55	4105.36	5242.28	8660.27	7523.18	2610.37	3330.04	3057.28	2368.38	4631.72	2957.6	4005.18	
721.5641629_MZ	Sphingomyelin with formula C39H79N2O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C39H79N2O6P		None	None	None	36516.3	20767.1	34559.1	28999.0	42812.9	18476.0	40869.3	39902.4	39768.7	28620.7	33723.9	42227.8	47439.9	27934.4	13138.9	41879.2	21089.4	46408.0	26099.8	34632.3	29195.0	23394.5	24988.6	27479.1	40295.5	20844.0	33510.7	20941.9	20019.5	29650.6	21038.7	31407.4	21670.7	44601.4	18859.9	13656.5	20688.4	30987.2	35583.8	
723.0419655_MZ	Molybdopterin-AMP	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Molybdopterin-AMP is involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. ATP reacts with molybdopterin to produce molybdopterin-AMP and diphosphate. Molybdopterin-AMP reacts with molybdate to produce molybdenum cofactor, AMP, and H2O.	C20H26N10O12P2S2		None	None	None	5213.8	4405.7	4603.71	4089.29	4748.28	5151.52	5958.42	4254.8	4960.08	3889.82	4721.8	4902.31	3968.23	4617.5	5406.72	4434.93	3968.58	4487.95	6538.25	5369.98	4350.85	4661.81	3310.62	4271.63	4873.61	4592.22	5361.91	5348.63	4656.45	5873.65	4132.32	4765.23	4280.18	4584.5	4758.39	6286.21	5593.61	3144.94	3668.17	
726.5000186_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C40H74NO8P		None	None	None	15580.0	14921.2	27411.9	21976.7	38207.1	10842.1	33926.9	31729.8	21754.2	12018.8	15141.0	24864.1	18912.9	17193.8	14100.4	18835.9	14750.2	25142.5	12918.7	10782.7	17736.9	11815.3	23587.8	12445.9	16757.4	17654.2	23739.5	7553.64	11877.1	27858.7	28443.0	20266.0	11538.0	15560.5	11595.6	6645.86	11577.2	13797.7	16095.1	
726.5421023_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C41H78NO7P		None	None	None	7589.36	5817.37	8704.58	7626.62	6971.55	3116.68	9963.12	9378.48	7543.1	3864.64	6607.95	9501.84	11631.7	4446.92	5602.68	8111.37	4823.07	8917.74	5452.29	4884.04	7098.62	6170.17	6724.49	5382.62	6074.21	6109.18	8173.67	3429.75	4381.03	9692.98	9930.26	6174.35	4743.0	4260.01	4255.75	5330.56	5209.64	4247.71	6101.68	
728.5233025_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C40H76NO8P		None	None	None	12632.7	18197.7	17605.4	18757.6	11649.7	8785.19	18189.9	13233.6	16951.0	9708.61	13502.0	28115.2	11598.3	9946.98	12147.1	12930.4	9825.6	15887.6	13001.8	9465.61	15911.2	11225.9	13305.3	11428.9	12461.6	14524.0	15292.8	8061.97	12079.7	18700.0	22657.3	10662.8	8155.56	8117.81	11369.0	7526.13	9719.7	10001.8	12050.4	
729.5819173_MZ	Ubiquinol 8	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Ubiquinol 8 is a ubiquinol in which the polyprenyl substituent is octaprenyl. Ubiquinol-8 is the reduced form of Ubiquinone-8. Ubiquinone (also known as coenzyme Q) is an isoprenoid quinone that functions as an electron carrier in membranes. In eukaryotes ubiquinone is found mostly within the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it functions in respiratory electron transport, transferring two electrons from either complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) or complex II (succinate-ubiquinone reductase) to complex III (bc1 complex). The quinone nucleus of ubiquinone is derived directly from 4-hydroxybenzoate, while the isoprenoid subunits of the polyisoprenoid tail are synthesized via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, which feeds isoprene units into the Polyprenyl Biosynthesis pathways. The number of isoprenoid subunits in the ubiquinone side chain vary in different species. For example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 6 such subunits, Escherichia coli K-12 has 8, rat and mouse have 9, and Homo sapiens has 10. Ubiquinol-8 is effective as an anti-oxidant. By donating one of its hydrogen atoms to become the free-radical semiquinone (.Q-), it can neutralize a lipid peroxyl radical. The free-radical semiquinone is then restored to a non-free-radical state by the respiratory chain Q cycle. ubiquinol or the free-radical semiquinone can also regenerate the Vitamin E tocopheroxyl radical by electron donation (http://www.benbest.com/nutrceut/CoEnzymeQ.html).	C49H78O4		None	None	None	1931.75	1306.86	2386.52	1682.36	1448.39	1128.19	3253.2	2271.7	1918.4	1146.59	1514.83	1986.48	1578.62	1401.1	2844.12	2350.2	1561.62	3081.37	1126.73	650.317	1723.32	1451.25	1253.25	1495.21	1091.93	1798.57	3141.76	406.996	1216.66	2585.66	2196.11	1382.31	1119.77	909.47	1033.7	528.824	836.758	1715.98	1625.3	
730.4649315_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C38H70NO10P		None	None	None	2104.81	4325.76	4982.21	4825.5	6975.5	7509.79	4599.08	1836.16	5881.06	5464.49	10480.0	5872.82	4026.98	5612.42	3410.87	1357.42	2449.63	1304.9	2404.65	3811.31	7306.4	1184.06	4361.24	4813.08	3592.52	4548.23	2388.73	2043.83	8020.21	3635.3	4704.16	2093.35	2661.21	3534.56	2463.74	3440.24	2828.26	4323.67	6094.84	
730.5371018_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C40H78NO8P		None	None	None	6986.21	7306.63	6600.3	7114.44	6395.01	4480.79	8325.14	8194.25	7426.19	4933.36	7007.89	11102.9	7962.68	6197.14	5111.39	7724.91	4260.01	7545.24	6032.23	5250.13	7429.38	5425.59	5916.6	5056.06	5506.19	5896.23	7280.6	3584.47	5433.99	7425.62	8028.29	6238.95	4016.33	4395.72	4794.41	2819.23	5283.26	4683.71	5101.4	
731.6133888_MZ	Sphingomyelin with formula C41H85N2O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphingomyelin (d18:0/18:0) or SM(d18:0/18:0) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath which surrounds some nerve cell axons. It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. Like all sphingolipids, SPH has a ceramide core (sphingosine bonded to a fatty acid via an amide linkage). In addition it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme Sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of Sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase.	C41H85N2O6P		None	None	None	338.156	263.75	140.243	253.265	160.537	385.653	836.905	298.503	796.278	34.4215	117.291	259.371	83.8487	379.537	248.157	183.665	424.686	126.273	10.6473	210.62	423.542	135.96	54.3807	240.635	295.491	634.113	917.529	109.948	219.868	194.13	252.81	361.751	233.566	252.11	
731.6568447_MZ	Diglyceride (20:1(11Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C47H88O5		None	None	None	227.071	285.87	407.036	115.471	79.8267	53.186	273.853	648.176	161.102	161.478	420.34	254.609	174.496	6.20893	224.235	109.814	275.019	241.503	232.547	256.601	320.515	186.836	142.404	368.249	201.024	367.181	293.944	115.254	281.308	280.218	327.465	235.548	250.802	133.875	343.472	256.585	224.877	298.565	
732.4872052_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:0/18:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:0/18:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:0/18:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the oleic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils, especially olive and canola oil. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C38H72NO10P		None	None	None	2411.41	2800.59	3817.44	3157.85	4396.28	4164.28	4543.02	3486.99	3689.45	2634.34	4394.82	3562.25	3731.77	3443.35	2313.07	2292.81	2322.56	2590.18	1877.74	1934.8	3390.92	1864.95	3273.0	2726.24	2490.62	3049.88	2967.5	1385.05	3637.47	3757.12	4016.22	2776.49	1773.64	2484.42	2447.04	1932.33	2109.99	2345.33	2982.29	
733.6960226_MZ	Cholesterol ester (24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C51H90O2		None	None	None	228.073	259.88	480.809	301.541	308.978	211.253	136.905	809.2	196.258	164.338	54.8318	175.612	434.96	334.72	744.683	28.0909	132.39	414.214	371.698	143.398	197.066	207.115	766.074	261.2	389.051	361.819	79.0814	257.441	202.156	176.395	837.245	127.742	443.024	149.594	279.619	427.467	305.531	199.739	150.532	
735.5344384_MZ	Diglyceride (22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of adrenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The adrenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C47H72O5		None	None	None	7704.33	1839.84	3989.1	3180.16	6867.25	2830.46	4929.64	6361.94	3062.84	3519.24	3231.48	3738.47	9236.22	4462.74	2817.86	2798.81	2144.18	3998.87	1803.8	1531.21	3549.16	1690.82	2707.5	3200.82	2471.34	3408.96	4270.7	1720.7	2803.35	3160.4	8447.96	4087.65	1750.17	2845.67	1296.55	2864.84	2159.65	1764.43	3016.93	
736.2740351_MZ	5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate is formed under reaction between carbonyl group of 5-Methyltetrahydropteroate and amine group on one end of three replicates of glutamate. It is involved in several pathways such as tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis II, methionine biosynthesis I,II,III as a product of enzymatic reduction; while in pathways folate polyglutamylation I and carbon tetrachloride degradation II as a product of enzymatic oxidation. In humans, this compound is produced by the bacteria in the gut and may be found in feces or urine.	C30H39N9O12		None	None	None	670.238	812.659	597.287	3359.82	969.135	1459.36	443.935	661.073	663.914	1426.07	1814.37	431.145	887.675	952.668	465.818	980.079	1411.61	731.391	1499.62	626.671	1486.31	1554.27	460.688	1895.44	223.039	1323.34	834.449	239.19	936.939	964.902	758.118	1436.88	533.698	343.704	358.361	271.446	1648.65	484.789	621.605	
738.5072510_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/18:4(6Z_9Z_12Z_15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C41H74NO8P		None	None	None	902028.0	929971.0	1149130.0	863340.0	1028890.0	357703.0	1233350.0	949872.0	1147200.0	505474.0	914548.0	1454980.0	634400.0	659669.0	461518.0	931881.0	589148.0	1359690.0	817508.0	660051.0	925601.0	723311.0	915807.0	803949.0	851357.0	881540.0	1532700.0	459456.0	530071.0	1113450.0	1249590.0	1004490.0	596896.0	612926.0	626866.0	538525.0	577652.0	644032.0	906242.0	
740.5214468_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C41H76NO8P		None	None	None	253048.0	251194.0	304841.0	289783.0	263068.0	111581.0	337293.0	248146.0	358356.0	130119.0	255809.0	454906.0	220913.0	166791.0	180363.0	233015.0	170447.0	288890.0	252209.0	204576.0	344507.0	215056.0	272160.0	252129.0	247849.0	329065.0	334621.0	153452.0	192037.0	346974.0	321372.0	233112.0	157659.0	136708.0	237622.0	155059.0	216615.0	162283.0	233048.0	
741.2442107_MZ	Hexacarboxylporphyrin I	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hexacarboxylporphyrin I is a bile product that arises from the conversion of Hexacarboxylporphyrinogen I to Hexacarboxylporphyrin I by porphyrinogen carboxy-lyase (EC 4.1.1.37).	C38H38N4O12, Porphinehexacarboxylic acid, Hexacarboxylporphyrin III		None	None	None	80.7959	205.666	419.126	193.124	517.427	582.474	534.147	254.498	513.364	714.768	411.91	150.916	512.667	564.776	413.675	453.27	585.22	339.833	250.983	338.91	298.68	81.5562	457.661	406.382	311.707	868.054	188.757	327.346	408.176	325.411	433.519	357.471	203.13	417.164	333.121	287.554	498.526	539.179	570.941	
741.4358278_MZ	Octaprenyl diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Octaprenyl diphosphate is the precursor for the side chain of the isoprenoid quinones ubiquinone and menaquinone. It is a substrate of enzyme trans-octaprenyltranstransferase [EC 2.5.1.11] in biosynthesis of steroids pathway (KEGG).	C40H68O7P2		None	None	None	5978.93	6587.17	7473.07	8184.76	9798.79	8353.0	7570.35	7499.16	7628.02	7180.89	12307.3	4654.12	8030.56	6736.73	3955.56	5209.27	3879.1	4567.34	3998.08	3584.36	7917.63	5669.05	5853.54	7344.23	5534.37	7122.85	6115.9	2715.32	11797.9	16081.8	7103.53	4906.33	3870.21	4441.77	3613.33	3453.52	5762.04	5367.4	6638.94	
742.5086581_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C41H74NO7P		None	None	None	11573.4	14446.1	17782.3	15294.0	24868.7	8773.11	16149.5	12469.3	14794.0	8214.83	17883.9	16009.8	11240.0	9965.66	12410.4	13771.0	8935.11	13827.6	10669.3	11060.0	13466.9	10440.5	15601.3	14907.8	22993.7	17100.1	14362.7	8137.92	13844.8	14701.5	45038.4	11508.3	11295.0	9437.41	9630.56	7125.96	9691.97	9149.37	14866.4	
742.5379142_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C41H78NO8P		None	None	None	568239.0	865696.0	782183.0	722454.0	445817.0	316376.0	737696.0	525468.0	713441.0	345601.0	578664.0	1262310.0	447389.0	392835.0	491023.0	685310.0	480913.0	788286.0	624071.0	369448.0	616131.0	485093.0	592683.0	548210.0	488065.0	638851.0	910343.0	353851.0	571587.0	960601.0	652074.0	431455.0	427862.0	359753.0	538315.0	288442.0	458636.0	365685.0	561927.0	
743.4883213_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C40H73O10P		None	None	None	18883.6	6631.91	9042.4	10456.4	23970.2	8108.34	12218.4	11713.6	9890.35	6241.38	14334.2	9973.04	10209.9	11478.8	7402.8	19489.9	5716.1	8439.41	7752.39	8560.42	10629.6	11100.9	10199.3	10734.4	19711.3	11780.1	11391.7	6485.23	10677.4	14936.7	17709.8	19506.5	7093.25	7192.1	5732.72	5668.85	12060.8	6640.52	7930.26	
744.0558459_MZ	NADPH	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed.).	C21H30N7O17P3		None	None	None	18577.3	12638.5	22639.6	16459.5	19484.7	17084.3	22509.3	15617.6	13482.7	11998.5	16209.9	12955.1	10912.1	20313.3	23773.7	8839.76	13038.6	16204.5	17638.6	15623.0	15221.2	13002.4	13123.2	15005.8	17233.5	12401.8	15590.6	17612.7	12463.6	22875.4	17656.8	17843.8	10493.3	12665.8	14845.0	19310.8	12966.7	10082.5	16638.1	
744.5517683_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C41H80NO8P		None	None	None	292008.0	294406.0	285828.0	291641.0	306994.0	154268.0	328998.0	354991.0	306232.0	173824.0	303335.0	510588.0	319309.0	194181.0	182702.0	365156.0	180102.0	368752.0	230840.0	220592.0	241456.0	262174.0	264256.0	200586.0	342222.0	239582.0	332778.0	179626.0	205062.0	304604.0	260469.0	279259.0	188796.0	261571.0	225118.0	138897.0	206780.0	239986.0	253893.0	
745.5015018_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C40H75O10P		None	None	None	155213.0	83970.2	71643.9	60314.6	265215.0	73147.0	123320.0	213434.0	74041.1	63431.6	137661.0	130788.0	105970.0	89109.0	66459.1	221361.0	39529.0	84176.2	81913.9	60927.6	97841.5	111206.0	65543.5	70731.9	184668.0	82705.5	130387.0	59925.3	82026.1	143565.0	197488.0	207453.0	64773.6	56284.9	38415.1	51005.9	89259.2	47168.6	107590.0	
746.5126669_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C43H74NO7P		None	None	None	85327.2	59854.8	58416.1	51333.5	127257.0	36477.5	75857.1	131659.0	63707.0	43644.1	72706.2	87788.8	98818.1	51412.3	35286.7	125279.0	31932.2	83692.9	48155.0	40118.0	63727.2	58172.0	50513.4	55049.1	80501.1	51865.3	95849.4	37226.2	46105.4	80866.0	106940.0	98795.2	42653.8	47001.4	38345.8	31561.8	49036.8	41116.2	62843.8	
746.5905677_MZ	Galactosylceramide (d18:1/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galactosylceramides (GalCer) are non-acidic monoglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with one carbohydrate moiety attached to a ceramide unit. They are an intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism and is the second to last step in the synthesis of digalactosylceramidesulfate. GalCer is generated from ceramide via the enzyme UDP-galactose ceramide galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.47]. It can be converted to digalactosylceramide via the enzyme glycosyltransferases [EC 2.4.1.-]. Galactosylceramide is the principal glycosphingolipid in brain tissue, hence the trivial name cerebroside, which was first conferred on it in 1874. Galactosylceramides are found in all nervous tissues, but they can amount to 2% of the dry weight of grey matter and 12% of white matter. They are major constituents of oligodendrocytes. Synthesis of galactosylceramide takes place on the lumenal surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, although it has free access to the cytosolic surface by an energy-independent flip-flop process. GalCer sits in the extracellular leaflet of cell membranes in nanometer sized domains or rafts. The local clustering of GalCer within rafts is thought to facilitate the initial adhesion of certain viruses, including HIV-1 and bacteria to cells through multivalent interactions between receptor proteins and GalCer. A defect in the degradation of cerbrosides leads to a disorder called Krabbe disease. Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Krabbe disease is caused by mutations in the GALC gene, which causes a deficiency of galactosylceramidase. Infants with Krabbe disease are normal at birth. Symptoms begin between the ages of 3 and 6 months with irritability, fevers, limb stiffness, seizures, feeding difficulties, vomiting, and slowing of mental and motor development. There are also juvenile- and adult-onset cases of Krabbe disease, which have similar symptoms but slower progression. In infants, the disease is generally fatal before age 2. Patients with late-onset Krabbe disease tend to have a slower progression of the disease and live significantly longer.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease.	C42H81NO8		None	None	None	9377.69	7716.99	8509.61	6670.74	8749.52	5205.81	11652.1	11105.6	7814.7	4228.65	8508.82	12741.6	8888.94	7817.37	5884.81	10613.5	5028.54	11269.1	5799.06	5355.1	6630.25	7511.1	6206.02	5934.89	8723.81	5980.31	9349.29	4135.64	6629.21	9736.31	7732.33	7234.42	5367.8	5819.84	5648.35	3947.05	5145.46	5034.97	9566.63	
748.4471974_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:0/18:3(9Z_12Z_15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:0/18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:0/18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of a-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the a-linolenic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, especially canola and soybean oil. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C38H68NO10P		None	None	None	1529.47	2293.7	3468.28	3381.41	6786.24	6916.08	3221.91	1750.74	3651.45	4320.61	8562.53	3218.37	4222.79	4826.75	2813.58	1345.54	1412.27	997.359	1089.39	4444.7	4939.7	1467.01	2664.89	3308.32	3052.76	2354.99	1404.31	2002.83	5451.99	2736.29	4406.64	2075.63	1756.35	3274.08	1222.02	2954.93	2369.15	3220.03	5561.18	
748.4907436_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:1(9Z)/20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:1(9Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:1(9Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C42H72NO8P		None	None	None	19091.3	18470.0	19780.4	32159.5	32299.6	11843.2	27185.6	27995.5	25178.0	17935.1	23460.9	25485.4	13216.2	14915.4	12136.2	19362.5	12712.3	29876.0	13602.6	13891.8	16743.1	12762.0	21105.0	17843.8	23952.4	15486.7	23821.1	9991.92	13202.1	25742.7	67663.1	19428.8	11161.0	15544.5	13564.2	11096.7	11569.9	18250.7	21636.6	
750.4631709_MZ	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide (d18:1/14:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide is an acidic, sulfated glycosphingolipid, often known as sulfatide. This lipid occurs in membranes of various cell types, but is found in particularly high concentrations in myelin where it constitutes 3-4% of total membrane lipids. This lipid is synthesized primarily in the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Accumulation of this lipid in the lysosomes is a characteristic of metachromatic leukodystrophy, a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Alterations in sulfatide metabolism, trafficking, and homeostasis are present in the earliest clinically recognizable stages of Alzheimer's disease.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease. Sulfatides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Sulfatides are the sulfuric acid esters of galactocerebrosides. They are synthesized from galactocerebrosides and activated sulfate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS).	C38H73NO11S		None	None	None	2034.99	2968.08	3224.19	3212.74	5238.91	5292.86	3355.31	2405.68	3773.09	3651.84	6513.55	3637.07	3060.4	3506.32	2560.79	2022.36	1646.24	1560.71	1547.79	2514.67	4167.24	1469.24	2552.95	3050.74	2723.41	2824.82	2216.98	1753.73	4854.37	2714.13	3522.85	1828.67	2208.78	2867.64	1635.06	2235.21	2088.08	2420.19	4854.06	
750.5106633_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C42H74NO8P		None	None	None	31795.4	20679.0	27162.9	25404.4	34386.9	17343.4	34504.7	30545.3	29605.6	20533.5	29942.7	30499.3	20129.9	17219.3	14182.3	37684.5	17441.6	34070.5	23194.0	21878.6	24115.1	21950.1	22726.0	26243.8	29139.9	19771.2	37949.1	20454.6	18637.2	26637.5	45845.4	26546.3	18709.6	24978.3	18545.8	18985.5	23552.9	21183.1	32280.0	
750.5419080_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:3(5Z_8Z_11Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of mead acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C43H78NO7P		None	None	None	130497.0	104814.0	125546.0	98930.3	88707.5	49467.7	137251.0	163404.0	117058.0	63928.3	103435.0	170878.0	232972.0	69416.4	58674.8	153700.0	76047.4	165596.0	84625.0	76612.0	106252.0	96733.6	86092.6	94690.9	93691.9	85923.4	153601.0	61936.6	71703.7	118867.0	117490.0	102098.0	72522.4	87552.5	74210.2	63044.5	74869.5	70411.8	104129.0	
752.4503563_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristoleic acid moiety is derived from milk fats, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C40H68NO10P		None	None	None	2899.6	4006.98	4838.76	4685.4	7305.24	7214.8	4708.67	3676.53	5931.39	6118.25	9811.06	6087.45	3910.89	5393.49	2651.17	2066.85	2529.68	2631.62	2660.3	3906.02	6551.35	1850.76	4203.34	4597.65	4924.59	4023.63	3790.84	2764.44	7188.37	3494.98	4368.0	2579.91	2973.78	4663.31	2961.86	3534.59	2907.03	4090.0	7230.47	
752.5233309_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C42H76NO8P		None	None	None	44967.0	35314.6	47887.0	44778.5	34565.3	25566.9	60402.6	36801.3	44826.5	33000.9	35362.1	64082.9	26161.0	27475.5	28923.5	36867.8	22559.4	52295.0	43463.4	28234.5	46950.2	30221.7	36167.7	33830.6	29794.1	36319.9	50860.4	24623.1	30833.0	50224.5	74993.0	39137.6	25446.2	26409.2	25340.5	24246.6	26706.4	26028.3	39557.2	
753.6748750_MZ	Diglyceride (20:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(20:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(20:0/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of one chain of arachidic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The arachidic acid moiety is derived from peanut oil, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C47H90O5		None	None	None	531.212	165.442	661.049	197.813	235.494	17.4403	462.178	534.657	215.019	93.8558	228.58	484.941	246.763	236.716	116.127	482.862	99.585	536.766	139.17	347.527	189.73	238.22	306.718	186.412	337.851	272.154	820.397	79.5036	277.684	198.287	619.344	196.865	365.081	169.519	252.862	425.784	189.153	450.543	275.008	
754.4849152_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (14:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(14:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(14:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C41H70NO8P		None	None	None	4725.63	5060.33	6792.84	6749.03	8653.83	10951.7	6368.5	5743.66	9150.1	9252.45	13987.5	7648.67	9713.07	6424.71	2998.31	2830.15	3458.33	2889.58	3921.49	5237.84	10457.4	3719.19	7919.55	6117.04	5973.78	5308.09	6101.91	2943.16	22057.8	6566.43	5596.02	3428.43	3754.5	5199.59	3369.11	3735.15	3753.13	7678.68	8670.57	
756.4864876_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (14:0/20:3(8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(14:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(14:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of homo-g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the homo-g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C40H72NO10P		None	None	None	4917.35	9613.45	10754.9	12546.2	12123.3	9653.39	8198.89	3995.04	10840.8	8695.89	14021.1	10824.8	7592.08	8213.85	5442.76	4379.92	6141.6	5168.0	4947.03	6864.95	12238.6	4015.08	9466.65	8776.7	7752.19	9814.57	6179.02	4110.63	10178.5	7201.38	11092.2	4644.48	5685.73	5401.92	5350.02	4480.2	4823.76	6260.49	10512.4	
756.5520987_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/20:2(11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C42H80NO8P		None	None	None	18038.0	22879.8	20936.2	18831.3	14681.9	12321.3	21550.4	16473.9	21341.5	11344.9	19282.7	34127.4	13075.9	12436.5	15105.9	16670.2	13348.7	20585.7	20415.2	12414.1	20501.3	14819.9	15983.2	17489.9	15408.1	19345.9	21682.8	12856.0	18382.3	23767.5	15500.8	13324.9	12397.7	12403.0	15169.4	10591.3	16446.5	11702.1	17648.7	
758.4970034_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (16:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C40H74NO10P		None	None	None	4571.79	7715.43	10094.6	9256.69	9915.86	13397.9	8405.42	5099.39	8632.33	8714.84	13634.6	13544.9	12905.8	7981.56	4384.35	3596.59	4565.02	3709.86	4756.13	6045.86	13028.3	3313.87	8927.43	7777.8	7551.06	8860.51	4881.14	4869.89	12329.8	6915.51	9007.65	5350.22	5566.49	6156.7	4975.74	4913.4	4844.04	5957.61	10639.3	
758.5668879_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/20:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(14:0/20:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/20:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosenoic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the eicosenoic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils and cod oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C42H82NO8P		None	None	None	10369.5	9866.99	9423.16	8666.77	10228.8	6969.89	10884.2	11574.2	10585.6	6483.28	11029.4	16507.4	10997.5	7545.52	6253.88	11347.6	6254.48	11408.3	9610.06	7768.92	9591.65	8904.97	7820.66	7583.46	10690.9	7968.23	9491.3	7075.48	8121.28	9317.6	6976.08	8909.49	5920.8	8514.0	7429.47	5775.59	7962.18	7473.72	9178.37	
758.6070870_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:0/dm18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:0/dm18:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:0/dm18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of arachidic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:0 at the C-2 position. The arachidic acid moiety is derived from peanut oil, while the plasmalogen 18:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C43H86NO7P		None	None	None	2514.24	1873.55	2534.69	1714.8	1714.51	1056.79	2440.0	2506.9	1943.03	1316.47	2368.62	2704.77	2910.45	1901.76	3136.59	2135.79	1521.62	2613.19	1824.79	1373.18	2192.06	1761.56	1453.25	1650.56	1792.47	1586.91	2156.28	1052.07	1233.82	2191.52	1772.96	1789.39	1296.09	1141.06	1438.68	1168.07	1507.75	1657.95	2138.88	
761.2250758_MZ	Troxerutin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Troxerutin is a rutoside, a naturally occurring flavonoid. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are present in most fruits and vegetables. Although flavonoids are devoid of classical nutritional value, they are increasingly viewed as beneficial dietary components that act as potential protectors against human diseases such as coronary heart disease, cancers, and inflammatory bowel disease. Troxerutin is a beneficial cofactor in coumarin preparations used for the therapy of chronic venous insufficiency, since has hepatoprotective properties and thus protects the liver from a possible lipid peroxidation caused by coumarin. Oxidative stress might be involved in the upregulation of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during early diabetes, and it is likely that troxerutin has comparatively effective antioxidant properties; therefore, troxerutin might be a useful treatment for attenuating diabetic retinopathy. Troxerutin offers protection against gamma-radiation-induced micronuclei formation and DNA strand breaks and enhances repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks, in addition to anti-erythrocytic, anti-thrombic, fibrinolytic and oedema-protective rheological activity. (PMID: 15601310, 15693708, 16294503, 16311905).	C33H42O19		None	None	None	989.633	347.434	1758.33	1897.96	1512.88	691.52	1218.58	375.287	1104.93	1608.4	805.064	979.785	1387.33	1144.16	1303.88	978.579	1488.66	1267.03	688.655	1288.1	1224.5	857.856	1793.07	820.32	809.992	1633.56	784.957	1563.54	748.286	504.769	1389.48	1108.66	805.614	1584.74	885.548	812.713	695.283	1272.74	693.744	
762.5070961_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (16:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C43H74NO8P		None	None	None	2148980.0	3062800.0	2898240.0	3122210.0	3254690.0	860874.0	3138670.0	3290810.0	3564880.0	1850970.0	3105120.0	3985150.0	1285290.0	1936230.0	1215060.0	2382680.0	2300810.0	4664800.0	1548990.0	1945950.0	2272820.0	1835390.0	2541140.0	2604980.0	2798530.0	1744970.0	4014750.0	1030980.0	1209730.0	2800720.0	3289930.0	2061710.0	1866710.0	1801480.0	2323220.0	1191770.0	1300370.0	2181900.0	2601920.0	
764.5214527_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C43H76NO8P		None	None	None	1353050.0	1175220.0	1293940.0	1436340.0	2011530.0	564960.0	1800850.0	1943610.0	1846980.0	893406.0	1582200.0	2024950.0	1011740.0	927636.0	651551.0	1424170.0	872059.0	2063360.0	1205010.0	1280340.0	1597790.0	1189550.0	1329730.0	1299390.0	1657310.0	1115720.0	2125800.0	857844.0	706085.0	1422280.0	1794830.0	1580650.0	807502.0	1311010.0	968333.0	997186.0	1174160.0	1145170.0	1413220.0	
766.1041507_MZ	Coenzyme A	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Coenzyme A (CoA, CoASH, or HSCoA) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidization of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. It is adapted from beta-mercaptoethylamine, panthothenate and adenosine triphosphate. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process from pantothenate and cysteine. In the first step Pantothenate (vitamin B5) is phosphorylated to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme pantothenate kinase (PanK; CoaA; CoaX)In the second step, a cysteine is added to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPC-DC; CoaB) to form 4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine (PPC). In the third step, PPC is decarboxylated to 4'-phosphopantetheine by phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (CoaC). In the fourth step, 4'-phosphopantetheine is adenylylated to form dephospho-CoA by the enzyme phosphopantetheine adenylyl transferase (CoaD)Finally, dephospho-CoA is phosphorylated using ATP to coenzyme A by the enzyme dephosphocoenzyme A kinase (CoaE). Since coenzyme A is, in chemical terms, a thiol, it can react with carboxylic acids to form thioesters, thus functioning as an acyl group carrier. CoA assists in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. A molecule of coenzyme A carrying an acetyl group is also referred to as acetyl-CoA. When it is not attached to an acyl group, it is usually referred to as 'CoASH' or 'HSCoA'. Coenzyme A is also the source of the phosphopantetheine group that is added as a prosthetic group to proteins such as acyl carrier protein and formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase Acetyl-CoA is an important molecule itself. It is the precursor to HMG CoA, which is a vital component in cholesterol and ketone synthesis. Furthermore, it contributes an acetyl group to choline to produce acetylcholine, in a reaction catalysed by choline acetyltransferase. Its main task is conveying the carbon atoms within the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production. -- Wikipedia.	C21H36N7O16P3S		None	None	None	47662.3	29507.4	90637.2	39697.0	160596.0	55726.5	95705.2	64022.2	93803.8	38687.9	36997.1	12213.0	15720.3	56639.3	81600.6	56376.5	62668.1	64340.3	59282.5	5314.83	50166.2	13936.8	97426.6	34741.8	21925.9	103317.0	71469.5	6947.38	26893.1	102598.0	54342.0	77553.2	35351.0	13637.3	29443.1	5690.3	22040.0	50627.7	12256.5	
766.5383382_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C43H78NO8P		None	None	None	4137470.0	2888290.0	4184500.0	2550580.0	2642680.0	2027590.0	4811740.0	2940680.0	2819930.0	2217380.0	2777070.0	4403200.0	1802020.0	1895780.0	1565160.0	4597680.0	1961710.0	4467180.0	3691840.0	1816690.0	3133810.0	2609160.0	3194830.0	3020080.0	2553340.0	2761810.0	4592920.0	2248700.0	2571640.0	4586320.0	3767390.0	3309330.0	2860100.0	2563940.0	1928650.0	2146710.0	1963190.0	1751760.0	3403090.0	
767.5012634_MZ	Azythromycin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Azithromycin is an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics. Azithromycin is derived from erythromycin; however, it differs chemically from erythromycin in that a methyl-substituted nitrogen atom is incorporated into the lactone ring, thus making the lactone ring 15-membered. Azithromycin is sold under the brand names Zithromax (Zmax) and Sumamed, and is one of the world's best-selling antibiotics. Azithromycin is used to treat certain bacterial infections, most often bacteria causing middle ear infections, tonsillitis, throat infections, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and sinusitis. It is also effective against certain sexually transmitted infectious diseases, such as non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis.	C38H72N2O12		None	None	None	23587.5	15290.7	20608.3	18481.9	47143.6	17152.6	23478.5	16843.9	15647.9	15390.9	22255.5	18122.4	19118.5	15176.5	14239.5	24324.8	12608.8	21634.5	14313.7	11221.5	20197.7	15914.3	14481.1	18850.3	24452.1	16089.9	23027.9	10232.7	39485.4	176749.0	86939.7	18339.7	12476.7	12283.8	11486.4	10067.6	14250.7	9461.1	17176.7	
769.5012716_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C42H75O10P		None	None	None	63226.7	23360.8	50230.4	52186.3	96711.7	19458.4	43244.1	70370.4	43474.4	26003.8	41472.7	50527.3	67829.1	57423.3	18915.0	72996.4	28651.6	46053.5	26339.9	37211.8	40252.7	39403.0	35664.1	46653.6	74138.1	55187.5	49431.0	19503.7	29417.6	71684.2	68898.2	78633.4	29343.4	27241.9	20875.2	17162.0	35264.4	25245.7	30582.8	
770.5645978_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/20:2(11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C43H82NO8P		None	None	None	216402.0	153294.0	168264.0	127573.0	170196.0	116720.0	221654.0	162139.0	156779.0	88015.1	161255.0	207835.0	130839.0	93212.1	151405.0	279969.0	116633.0	163742.0	176967.0	113883.0	173179.0	181914.0	131009.0	124925.0	139223.0	165732.0	213624.0	140469.0	160139.0	256777.0	152903.0	138666.0	123768.0	109446.0	118547.0	100919.0	180891.0	94587.2	138710.0	
770.6028041_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:0/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H86NO7P		None	None	None	32301.5	24294.8	28973.0	21826.7	24814.4	17748.6	38965.3	26119.9	27720.4	15507.3	28175.9	32223.4	22121.8	16240.4	30188.5	47446.4	19268.1	29958.8	27253.7	19074.5	26031.5	24876.0	20458.5	21339.9	23713.1	23647.7	36863.0	20382.2	23020.6	35385.4	28556.4	20130.2	18378.9	19245.7	19852.7	16186.3	25830.7	15839.5	33141.1	
771.5174267_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/20:3(5Z_8Z_11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of mead acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C42H77O10P		None	None	None	192451.0	45623.6	124224.0	101331.0	340742.0	42444.8	107762.0	142766.0	103231.0	55649.3	114662.0	118272.0	193983.0	146114.0	50236.3	144181.0	57527.9	108244.0	60615.6	124701.0	108195.0	93572.2	87395.7	72248.4	259948.0	122059.0	107820.0	51782.6	57094.3	117793.0	157446.0	235647.0	60281.7	90764.6	48754.7	41185.0	95894.0	65010.8	62894.9	
772.5618055_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:2(11Z_14Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:2(11Z,14Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:2(11Z,14Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C43H80NO7P		None	None	None	71293.5	45623.8	56471.2	46839.4	78959.6	35768.2	64781.9	97159.2	51181.2	38371.7	65995.4	73744.5	132633.0	44239.7	31934.3	79118.8	39214.3	65142.2	39862.5	44779.4	61290.3	53238.1	42545.7	56676.9	59881.9	50394.9	58995.0	34262.3	49466.7	53923.0	49289.2	58338.3	37464.9	57991.3	32352.5	21859.9	43442.5	40701.6	64291.3	
773.3972286_MZ	Angiotensin IV	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Angiotensin IV is one of the N-terminal angiotensin degradation products of angiotensin II. Angiotensin IV (AngIV) mediates important physiologic functions in the central nervous system, including blood flow regulation, processes underlying to learning and memory, and presents anticonvulsant activity. The presence of AngIV-specific binding sites has been identified in various mammalian tissues, including blood vessels, heart, kidney, and brain. Besides the presence of AngIV binding sites in the cardiovascular system, the major AngIV synthesizing enzymes aminopeptidase N (APN) and aminopeptidase B (APB) are also expressed in different cell types of this system. AngIV activates several protein kinases, including phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, PI-dependent kinase-1, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK), protein kinase B-&#945;/Akt, and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase. AngIV could contribute to vascular damage, increasing the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, the main chemokine involved in monocyte recruitment, and up-regulates the expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-1 that is involved in the attachment and transmigration of circulating cells into the damaged tissue. (PMID: 17210474).	C40H54N8O8		None	None	None	2269.71	2688.22	3600.91	3007.34	5913.13	5253.15	2927.5	1612.41	4191.16	4243.48	5942.66	3620.45	3363.18	4104.57	2877.2	1270.83	1748.2	1157.59	2265.21	2671.92	4117.02	1696.66	2775.07	3286.04	2734.43	2121.16	1822.41	1674.6	4879.17	2366.77	2884.2	1387.06	1458.85	3926.62	1745.59	2303.37	2176.13	2922.74	3447.19	
773.5307909_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol18:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(18:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C42H79O10P		None	None	None	352122.0	133671.0	213310.0	144202.0	594235.0	113976.0	200169.0	305986.0	168575.0	118140.0	210940.0	195507.0	271927.0	201450.0	88607.8	320497.0	92315.4	230735.0	124811.0	221910.0	180683.0	204115.0	164736.0	103002.0	515277.0	172576.0	227326.0	111930.0	134438.0	210135.0	241633.0	393845.0	107224.0	214843.0	92409.6	96137.4	146008.0	120020.0	144854.0	
774.5420093_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C45H78NO7P		None	None	None	194987.0	105508.0	149057.0	118352.0	267657.0	68223.1	145224.0	198710.0	137319.0	77311.3	143042.0	168435.0	154441.0	117965.0	64434.6	173933.0	78530.2	159381.0	86103.8	123785.0	129381.0	116514.0	118288.0	96759.2	222881.0	119697.0	150697.0	74159.2	99709.4	142916.0	144556.0	188176.0	82797.4	118106.0	93184.0	65726.1	95927.3	85409.4	112627.0	
774.6272323_MZ	Galactosylceramide (d18:1/20:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galactosylceramides (GalCer) are non-acidic monoglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with one carbohydrate moiety attached to a ceramide unit. They are an intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism and is the second to last step in the synthesis of digalactosylceramidesulfate. GalCer is generated from ceramide via the enzyme UDP-galactose ceramide galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.47]. It can be converted to digalactosylceramide via the enzyme glycosyltransferases [EC 2.4.1.-]. Galactosylceramide is the principal glycosphingolipid in brain tissue, hence the trivial name cerebroside, which was first conferred on it in 1874. Galactosylceramides are found in all nervous tissues, but they can amount to 2% of the dry weight of grey matter and 12% of white matter. They are major constituents of oligodendrocytes. Synthesis of galactosylceramide takes place on the lumenal surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, although it has free access to the cytosolic surface by an energy-independent flip-flop process. GalCer sits in the extracellular leaflet of cell membranes in nanometer sized domains or rafts. The local clustering of GalCer within rafts is thought to facilitate the initial adhesion of certain viruses, including HIV-1 and bacteria to cells through multivalent interactions between receptor proteins and GalCer. A defect in the degradation of cerbrosides leads to a disorder called Krabbe disease. Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Krabbe disease is caused by mutations in the GALC gene, which causes a deficiency of galactosylceramidase. Infants with Krabbe disease are normal at birth. Symptoms begin between the ages of 3 and 6 months with irritability, fevers, limb stiffness, seizures, feeding difficulties, vomiting, and slowing of mental and motor development. There are also juvenile- and adult-onset cases of Krabbe disease, which have similar symptoms but slower progression. In infants, the disease is generally fatal before age 2. Patients with late-onset Krabbe disease tend to have a slower progression of the disease and live significantly longer.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease.	C44H85NO8		None	None	None	7101.92	4149.52	5042.21	4036.67	7379.23	3297.15	6790.79	6366.62	4844.72	2977.95	5692.27	5446.31	5155.72	4447.03	3140.36	6158.78	3287.35	6626.54	3621.4	3581.6	5074.2	4942.45	3383.21	4191.48	6117.81	4179.95	6056.8	2715.64	4332.43	5192.63	5316.3	5064.08	3296.84	3620.04	2973.3	2621.98	3439.58	2908.05	4535.34	
775.2192116_MZ	Hyaluronan	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Etiocholanolone glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of etiocholanolone generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Etiocholanolone (or 5-isoandrosterone) is a metabolite of testosterone. Classified a ketosteroid, it causes fever, immunostimulation and leukocytosis. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.	C28H44N2O23		None	None	None	465.787	582.904	704.271	364.895	491.412	1002.91	577.44	822.911	560.78	902.118	634.889	914.381	530.116	460.506	323.191	275.943	891.127	430.223	653.224	830.694	295.893	1181.4	606.695	693.476	530.548	376.716	550.941	1278.49	645.886	875.534	240.022	706.949	415.7	1025.13	929.617	1086.6	1615.13	1095.64	172.524	
776.5251612_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H76NO8P		None	None	None	29909.8	36618.1	33782.8	39803.0	47158.6	18306.1	43667.5	39053.6	42226.4	30074.2	33920.3	53053.4	19808.3	25451.3	25030.4	27616.0	23897.6	54728.3	25176.4	24079.3	32421.9	22827.0	28193.0	28946.2	39436.9	23006.2	43613.8	17242.7	21692.6	33342.7	61608.1	26242.6	19165.3	24325.1	26991.4	15203.3	19855.8	23348.1	32331.8	
776.5593515_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C45H80NO7P		None	None	None	513636.0	753039.0	692797.0	672306.0	463064.0	274274.0	620158.0	542558.0	710888.0	341030.0	587611.0	1091640.0	370084.0	374631.0	339637.0	627372.0	425098.0	739372.0	529964.0	359809.0	538257.0	441230.0	565792.0	534961.0	514402.0	558967.0	722787.0	357437.0	522344.0	762532.0	487924.0	440109.0	434300.0	425476.0	519599.0	268372.0	453415.0	408821.0	631032.0	
778.4796394_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z)/20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, while the eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C43H70NO8P		None	None	None	4769.19	6175.88	7031.89	7207.62	10633.2	7078.39	6886.13	5004.86	8384.56	6853.94	11045.0	6881.12	5494.9	6789.55	4476.39	4501.0	4424.28	5248.53	3770.47	5378.51	8684.16	2912.56	6419.67	6755.33	6745.64	6459.95	6081.01	3728.43	7752.47	5445.48	7794.75	4665.0	4109.43	5225.31	4490.7	4341.16	4533.9	5148.92	8855.06	
778.5380630_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H78NO8P		None	None	None	20637.0	17527.7	19440.9	19973.9	36385.5	13323.2	24084.4	23964.0	24965.6	16618.3	24553.6	26054.3	18690.2	14093.0	12891.7	21462.7	12350.6	23931.0	15812.0	17037.0	21018.7	15887.7	17549.4	18758.9	27685.0	17596.6	23457.3	13654.5	15763.8	18928.3	32420.1	19092.0	12060.6	17755.7	14349.9	12951.8	16712.5	14806.1	24364.1	
778.5739014_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/P-18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C45H82NO7P		None	None	None	395320.0	391785.0	384133.0	385070.0	421510.0	205085.0	404893.0	497117.0	427949.0	230293.0	430790.0	633064.0	429412.0	260267.0	207281.0	498614.0	232786.0	489992.0	309796.0	309677.0	323532.0	356278.0	361170.0	272980.0	470537.0	307708.0	397291.0	253089.0	275254.0	367427.0	295664.0	385972.0	262334.0	384791.0	313930.0	174597.0	284250.0	346832.0	362203.0	
779.4440284_MZ	Digoxin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, digitalis. It is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions, namely atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and congestive heart failure that cannot be controlled by other medication. Digoxin preparations are commonly marketed under the trade name Lanoxin. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666) -- Pubchem; Digoxin is a cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; It consists of three sugars and the aglycone digoxigenin. Digoxin binds to a site on the extracellular aspect of the of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in the membranes of heart cells (myocytes). This causes an increase in the level of sodium ions in the myocytes, which then leads to a rise in the level of calcium ions. The proposed mechanism is the following: inhibition of the Na+/K+ pump leads to increased Na+ levels, which in turn slows down the extrusion of Ca2+ via the Na+/Ca2+ exchange pump. Increased amounts of Ca2+ are then stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and released by each action potential, which is unchanged by digoxin. This is a different mechanism from that of catecholamines. -- Wikipedia; Owing to its narrow therapeutic index (the margin between effectiveness and toxicity), side effects of digoxin are inevitable. Nausea, vomiting and GIT upset are common, especially in higher doses. Decreased conduction in the AV node can lead to AV blocks, increased intracellular Ca2+ causes a type of arrhythmia called bigeminy (coupled beats), eventually ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. An often described but rarely seen side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green color) called xanthopsia.	C41H64O14		None	None	None	2773.29	3089.27	3059.53	3960.38	4967.88	4361.2	3750.56	3000.54	3795.16	3881.84	6243.14	3610.94	2989.24	3706.55	3751.77	3569.93	1871.87	2486.89	2287.28	2541.55	4324.34	1976.89	2666.7	3768.67	3452.32	2437.55	3184.45	2568.98	4383.62	3009.61	4512.53	2592.38	2330.92	3118.61	2171.56	3012.94	2776.98	2704.03	4129.94	
780.5145160_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (16:0/18:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(16:0/18:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(16:0/18:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the oleic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils, especially olive and canola oil. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C40H76NO10P		None	None	None	13749.7	18300.9	26171.3	22686.6	27006.8	20537.1	26304.9	15439.3	24450.7	19892.1	31774.2	23721.8	19622.5	19534.4	10759.3	12162.2	11902.7	15706.6	12746.3	16372.6	26826.0	9715.08	20096.6	19135.7	19894.6	19795.5	18445.1	10577.1	22656.6	17041.7	27299.9	15264.2	12340.1	15737.2	11705.7	12030.5	13009.8	14304.5	23376.5	
780.5524860_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H80NO8P		None	None	None	74066.5	55248.4	68566.0	54323.5	65169.8	40665.6	80345.8	67035.4	72177.9	48086.7	69046.0	91499.4	40896.2	39348.5	33444.6	72858.5	37872.5	80541.1	61407.3	49387.0	74913.0	50086.5	54830.8	64676.1	55668.4	50796.5	91309.5	46818.8	50193.2	65222.0	62840.3	63566.3	44921.6	60492.3	42693.9	39271.2	53614.9	43125.5	80513.4	
782.4974991_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (16:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C42H74NO10P		None	None	None	85125.7	71378.2	89073.0	84179.7	124026.0	36932.7	107436.0	117717.0	76868.5	53782.0	89430.0	115847.0	74067.8	62027.7	35685.9	100281.0	39065.3	94821.4	75955.4	45408.5	64216.4	81917.8	68433.9	61671.1	85999.8	76121.3	132749.0	44277.5	63970.9	102218.0	109872.0	126499.0	58433.8	51728.6	52005.9	38175.2	64880.4	58096.5	70970.5	
784.5056162_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (16:0/20:3(8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(16:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(16:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of homo-g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the homo-g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C42H76NO10P		None	None	None	15248.1	15344.0	18097.3	16987.9	23140.2	11906.2	20672.7	19407.4	16159.3	13099.0	21324.4	24785.6	20236.5	13745.6	9188.1	17185.8	8702.98	16745.4	14310.5	10958.4	16690.3	14354.3	14240.1	13948.9	17194.8	15622.5	22299.5	9692.13	16402.6	19875.6	20644.8	21356.5	11056.7	10977.7	11165.4	9148.58	12740.0	11993.7	16237.9	
784.5637461_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H80NO7P		None	None	None	12718.2	12289.6	12899.1	10860.4	12984.9	9268.08	14282.3	13214.4	13113.7	8731.82	14238.1	16398.7	13500.7	10158.9	8543.16	13697.3	7749.2	12385.3	11077.6	9471.26	12771.1	10650.2	10708.9	10004.5	11572.8	10883.4	12154.3	8489.4	11936.6	12228.5	9861.29	11192.8	8336.77	10029.2	9734.54	7146.6	10249.6	9451.87	12338.6	
785.6517620_MZ	Sphingomyelin with formula C45H91N2O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphingomyelin (d18:0/22:1(13Z)) or SM(d18:0/22:1(13Z)) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath which surrounds some nerve cell axons. It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. Like all sphingolipids, SPH has a ceramide core (sphingosine bonded to a fatty acid via an amide linkage). In addition it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme Sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of Sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase.	C45H91N2O6P		None	None	None	3689.86	4222.0	4934.2	3911.5	3178.51	2751.98	6290.14	2930.06	4176.07	2707.81	3484.79	8173.18	2715.24	3514.2	2225.39	3278.98	3192.76	5063.59	3634.5	3241.36	4986.67	3407.71	3788.13	3953.57	3276.51	3315.95	4437.34	1836.15	2880.19	5258.71	4092.17	2411.07	2620.89	2652.36	2469.84	1090.87	2422.52	2325.61	3816.42	
786.5083248_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:2(9Z_12Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of linoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C45H74NO8P		None	None	None	29155.3	27224.1	32024.0	30692.8	40154.2	20136.8	40203.8	35662.3	36516.7	26034.7	37150.6	53848.0	29921.3	19778.9	19263.1	25940.7	20220.6	40066.4	24940.3	21893.5	38641.7	23754.3	31435.3	31566.8	35612.6	25207.5	44623.2	22084.5	26750.4	34301.7	41809.1	27983.8	19574.0	21253.3	32857.9	20058.0	26293.8	23070.1	38095.6	
786.6519378_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:0/P-18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(22:0/P-18:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(22:0/P-18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of behenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:0 at the C-2 position. The behenic acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil, while the plasmalogen 18:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C45H90NO7P		None	None	None	2286.43	2332.46	2823.65	2351.6	1593.16	1395.6	3479.61	2163.23	2229.81	1903.32	2008.84	4217.96	1973.25	1934.26	2428.98	1846.78	1786.3	2868.81	1996.91	1649.38	2807.5	1990.94	2710.92	2042.2	1949.88	1956.86	2703.85	1468.83	1524.84	2835.37	4376.72	1695.02	1684.41	1516.92	1613.69	986.301	1546.42	1459.9	2310.23	
787.7233294_MZ	Diglyceride with formula C51H96O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	DG(24:1(15Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0) is a diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol (DAG). It is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids attached at both the C-1 and C-2 positions. DG(24:1(15Z)/24:1(15Z)/0:0), in particular, consists of two chains of nervonic acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The nervonic acid moieties are derived from fish oils. Mono- and diacylglycerols are common food additives used to blend together certain ingredients, such as oil and water, which would not otherwise blend well. Dacylglycerols are often found in bakery products, beverages, ice cream, chewing gum, shortening, whipped toppings, margarine, and confections. Synthesis of diacylglycerol begins with glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived primarily from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a product of glycolysis (usually in the cytoplasm of liver or adipose tissue cells). Glycerol-3-phosphate is first acylated with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is then de-phosphorylated to form diacylglycerol.Diacylglycerols are precursors to triacylglycerols (triglyceride), which are formed by the addition of a third fatty acid to the diacylglycerol under the catalysis of diglyceride acyltransferase. Since diacylglycerols are synthesized via phosphatidic acid, they will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position on the glycerol moiety and an unsaturated fatty acid at the C-2 position.	C51H96O5		None	None	None	267.317	190.373	218.016	143.762	99.8194	246.789	267.137	391.149	154.4	333.139	787.265	77.6084	226.856	436.228	1634.77	96.8392	100.342	108.244	5.24491	1025.98	46.3098	189.612	141.837	213.766	
788.5230645_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C45H76NO8P		None	None	None	510135.0	515927.0	498807.0	753039.0	1085200.0	179964.0	710406.0	924583.0	987589.0	516088.0	778362.0	1019600.0	341667.0	420166.0	235008.0	462072.0	434799.0	1128730.0	367312.0	643675.0	645319.0	439074.0	648987.0	665927.0	1069840.0	373222.0	842680.0	330610.0	230925.0	567381.0	862219.0	633829.0	335522.0	663624.0	608303.0	384390.0	426925.0	654067.0	728050.0	
788.5969433_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:1(11Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C44H84NO7P		None	None	None	13260.8	12414.2	12932.9	17793.6	31196.8	5119.14	22410.0	28022.4	30992.6	11136.4	21925.7	35102.6	13367.5	15773.2	10480.0	11231.4	8413.66	41484.6	8000.77	15710.2	19049.6	10182.9	15912.7	16632.2	31973.9	9507.92	27463.4	6756.34	6011.83	17488.8	30909.5	16070.8	7347.92	15818.5	13584.1	12495.1	9292.73	16164.7	25614.9	
789.4800148_MZ	Solanesyl-PP	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Solanesyl-PP is involved in steroids biosynthesis pathway. It is a product of solanesyl-diphosphate synthase (KEGG).	C45H76O7P2		None	None	None	4703.91	3934.4	4651.6	6237.18	21789.0	5739.21	5835.12	5620.92	7058.0	6502.59	8591.09	6412.19	4266.88	5328.63	4107.37	5292.71	3880.95	5804.12	3520.71	4860.12	6255.54	3884.81	5207.34	5195.63	11086.7	4381.42	5794.38	3580.42	5190.72	5027.25	14935.2	5520.89	3892.92	5112.88	3503.07	4103.36	4723.49	4634.79	6837.17	
790.5389280_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C45H78NO8P		None	None	None	880198.0	1166820.0	1037820.0	1131620.0	1013470.0	360004.0	1219880.0	1333910.0	1213010.0	810920.0	995257.0	1860160.0	463869.0	714616.0	500573.0	1002660.0	815824.0	2099910.0	628448.0	657074.0	727776.0	654618.0	861347.0	923486.0	939668.0	540692.0	1590270.0	473426.0	468034.0	1096060.0	1123240.0	762505.0	688718.0	873300.0	863485.0	420490.0	478606.0	761101.0	969443.0	
792.5517897_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (15:0/22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(15:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(15:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The pentadecanoic acid moiety is derived from dairy products and milk fat, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C45H80NO8P		None	None	None	328796.0	364450.0	344268.0	405142.0	414652.0	185611.0	420670.0	485013.0	365824.0	276627.0	339814.0	528242.0	279140.0	214266.0	259814.0	333207.0	233602.0	537252.0	256768.0	238702.0	336274.0	257824.0	320103.0	308490.0	307094.0	276275.0	469006.0	215697.0	223457.0	365827.0	479666.0	302137.0	206096.0	304868.0	230342.0	208028.0	256431.0	214708.0	344424.0	
794.6035673_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (20:2(11Z_14Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H86NO7P		None	None	None	63750.1	52957.1	62012.1	65699.4	58565.3	36733.2	78631.1	58987.1	61325.5	44281.1	61897.0	65006.7	44807.7	35132.7	71651.4	95563.4	41688.2	82853.1	44937.2	42134.5	52192.7	44801.5	48781.0	55434.7	55477.1	42083.8	87934.0	44499.5	39862.8	58836.4	107885.0	45427.9	41382.2	51041.4	35558.7	38869.9	45517.7	35462.1	101824.0	
797.5322478_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of adrenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the adrenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C44H79O10P		None	None	None	85925.2	39125.9	51887.3	53069.9	137596.0	36153.8	56506.6	97356.7	48761.2	45692.0	62257.8	54375.2	88541.3	55054.8	33351.4	86034.3	27984.7	68624.6	36559.8	49515.0	52791.8	50374.5	46669.1	34494.8	95602.6	49438.3	66574.6	33635.8	42852.6	60358.6	93432.7	89033.6	32152.8	54383.6	25690.4	28469.4	42198.0	35297.6	50196.7	
797.5691993_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol18:0/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(18:0/18:0) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:0/18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C42H83O10P		None	None	None	389304.0	554078.0	512163.0	504132.0	351160.0	209254.0	458947.0	388447.0	524120.0	261478.0	446542.0	755146.0	270755.0	279202.0	254061.0	476201.0	334814.0	512515.0	410106.0	288733.0	399900.0	348963.0	433315.0	406893.0	392141.0	422924.0	485269.0	282576.0	404671.0	518089.0	343376.0	342780.0	360456.0	338718.0	401265.0	185336.0	351447.0	327665.0	493278.0	
800.5228822_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z)/20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, while the eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C46H76NO8P		None	None	None	11464.1	11698.8	13926.2	13523.3	35479.3	13064.7	14816.5	11725.1	14784.6	11655.5	17196.2	17678.7	12314.3	10525.9	8280.06	12655.4	8090.67	12987.2	9747.24	10924.6	15179.6	8002.94	12773.1	12763.5	26239.8	12047.9	13851.4	8287.34	15367.3	12319.9	40682.3	11433.3	8502.55	12555.6	8583.21	8508.71	9881.42	9991.32	18765.1	
803.7152634_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (16:0/14:0/18:1(9Z))[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/14:0/18:1(9Z))[iso6] is a monooleic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/14:0/18:1(9Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of myristic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of oleic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C51H96O6		None	None	None	445.906	178.958	313.691	522.585	264.839	58.8202	360.062	628.094	427.49	611.369	255.316	272.965	459.545	647.472	604.875	228.225	614.584	38.7913	162.122	180.505	439.952	767.74	339.502	131.515	222.554	394.648	241.307	182.957	295.224	1376.55	182.183	463.086	339.982	149.022	273.827	333.96	103.134	294.536	
804.5527557_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (16:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C46H80NO8P		None	None	None	61218.1	58452.9	55331.6	54378.1	67786.0	30941.6	69378.5	72765.0	71568.7	44221.5	63094.2	78296.1	29982.8	37242.9	32207.6	67084.1	38300.6	92650.8	44519.0	40008.7	48780.1	40602.5	52551.4	53842.0	55149.1	35749.9	76101.4	39118.6	45074.6	64532.0	57425.9	47302.8	42052.9	58030.3	48197.1	31182.8	40719.2	45056.5	67272.0	
804.5897905_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (14:0/22:2(13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H84NO8P		None	None	None	334928.0	221611.0	258106.0	174382.0	234279.0	168019.0	321120.0	240476.0	239366.0	121367.0	233721.0	289019.0	168906.0	129839.0	208234.0	466667.0	173190.0	229755.0	261893.0	165786.0	242656.0	275542.0	178598.0	176968.0	196131.0	226640.0	313328.0	214060.0	235304.0	360118.0	181876.0	196191.0	187531.0	163644.0	181118.0	136067.0	277550.0	137891.0	204218.0	
805.2577059_MZ	Hydroxypropionic porphyrin III	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxypropionic porphyrin III is a porphyrin isolated only in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is a metabolic disorder of haeme biosynthesis caused by decreased activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. Porphyria cutanea tarda is manifest by fragility, erosions, bullae, milia and scars on sun-exposed skin. Excess porphyrins in the skin interact with light of approximately 400 nm-wavelength radiant energy, forming reactive oxygen species. Porphyria cutanea tarda is categorized as familial, acquired or toxic. Factors that may induce clinical expression of PCT in susceptible individuals include alcohol, oestrogen, iron, polyhalogenated compounds and viral infections. Porphyria cutanea tarda is associated with an increased incidence of the haemochromatosis gene. Treatments for PCT include withdrawal of aggravating factors, phlebotomy and oral antimalarial medications. Porphyria cutanea tarda is associated with hepatic iron overload and responds to iron-reduction therapy. Porphyria cutanea tarda is the most common porphyria, followed by acute intermittent porphyria and erythropoietic protoporphyria. The molecular genetics of the porphyrias is very heterogenous. (PMID: 16315139, 7655298, 11105361).	C39H38N4O14, Heptacarboxylporphyrin I, Pseudouroporphyrin		None	None	None	14.2143	40.7736	143.138	250.24	187.064	25.3853	222.286	201.454	171.458	280.643	153.595	109.596	143.797	189.366	160.68	92.8977	98.6714	67.878	24.8691	239.344	295.864	89.7701	71.0859	537.337	140.667	203.495	216.777	162.823	158.917	175.238	
805.7134263_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (16:0/14:0/18:0)[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/14:0/18:0)[iso6] is a monostearic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/14:0/18:0)[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of myristic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C51H98O6		None	None	None	1199.34	2111.06	2266.44	1560.74	712.482	1035.53	2134.57	1436.37	978.379	846.932	1194.69	3143.27	426.701	635.846	2265.9	2550.54	1144.04	3478.53	1327.07	432.993	1196.57	1388.61	1406.85	992.555	809.398	835.826	2401.83	783.718	1111.78	2272.89	2665.74	649.955	1437.03	497.868	1173.82	439.854	872.346	547.523	2045.71	
806.4977903_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (16:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C44H74NO10P		None	None	None	69728.4	104599.0	85858.8	90948.7	101325.0	38894.1	103926.0	111810.0	93608.3	54078.2	86273.0	144723.0	61403.5	56493.8	43078.2	75403.1	51339.5	121193.0	70865.2	62572.4	72220.8	64610.4	80219.8	72700.7	90425.8	66222.0	128281.0	45135.5	61339.0	107453.0	108072.0	90284.6	53806.9	51769.8	73122.3	32867.9	57511.3	57271.9	71248.4	
808.5146198_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of oleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The oleic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils, especially olive and canola oil, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C44H76NO10P		None	None	None	63872.1	56507.2	71017.1	68673.9	94780.5	53299.2	80229.2	80434.4	62686.9	64123.0	84598.4	79019.7	66217.1	49067.9	35803.7	78695.9	38203.4	69685.5	56152.6	47641.6	73467.3	54628.6	66388.9	58645.2	64109.7	64519.5	75336.3	42794.3	60733.2	71404.0	94839.5	72764.5	48447.5	49412.4	41440.2	38948.4	50282.7	43578.2	68437.2	
808.6669992_MZ	Galactosylceramide (d18:1/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galactosylceramides (GalCer) are non-acidic monoglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with one carbohydrate moiety attached to a ceramide unit. They are an intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism and is the second to last step in the synthesis of digalactosylceramidesulfate. GalCer is generated from ceramide via the enzyme UDP-galactose ceramide galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.47]. It can be converted to digalactosylceramide via the enzyme glycosyltransferases [EC 2.4.1.-]. Galactosylceramide is the principal glycosphingolipid in brain tissue, hence the trivial name cerebroside, which was first conferred on it in 1874. Galactosylceramides are found in all nervous tissues, but they can amount to 2% of the dry weight of grey matter and 12% of white matter. They are major constituents of oligodendrocytes. Synthesis of galactosylceramide takes place on the lumenal surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, although it has free access to the cytosolic surface by an energy-independent flip-flop process. GalCer sits in the extracellular leaflet of cell membranes in nanometer sized domains or rafts. The local clustering of GalCer within rafts is thought to facilitate the initial adhesion of certain viruses, including HIV-1 and bacteria to cells through multivalent interactions between receptor proteins and GalCer. A defect in the degradation of cerbrosides leads to a disorder called Krabbe disease. Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Krabbe disease is caused by mutations in the GALC gene, which causes a deficiency of galactosylceramidase. Infants with Krabbe disease are normal at birth. Symptoms begin between the ages of 3 and 6 months with irritability, fevers, limb stiffness, seizures, feeding difficulties, vomiting, and slowing of mental and motor development. There are also juvenile- and adult-onset cases of Krabbe disease, which have similar symptoms but slower progression. In infants, the disease is generally fatal before age 2. Patients with late-onset Krabbe disease tend to have a slower progression of the disease and live significantly longer.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease.	C48H91NO8		None	None	None	14529.2	3717.13	6430.89	4106.53	10548.6	2955.03	6674.13	15159.8	5674.4	3896.34	8758.82	6173.33	22775.2	5273.54	3464.13	6835.23	3124.92	5945.58	4147.15	3321.22	6708.24	6968.02	5412.83	5899.64	6253.47	5293.26	6227.78	2996.04	4435.84	5213.22	6185.37	7545.43	3720.29	4648.98	2654.7	2579.84	4938.44	4168.02	5556.12	
809.5203660_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/16:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/16:0) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C41H79O13P		None	None	None	36032.3	30206.1	39790.3	35615.6	49230.8	28227.6	44981.1	40592.7	32674.7	33607.8	42778.7	40066.6	35607.9	26924.6	18982.5	43131.0	20794.7	37744.4	30285.1	24843.0	38670.2	30805.4	35035.0	32474.2	33682.3	35468.8	39067.0	23680.7	32661.9	39161.5	48410.4	39241.6	29724.1	27455.6	21200.4	21278.7	27058.8	22230.1	35813.5	
810.4909743_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C47H74NO8P		None	None	None	9690.43	14271.7	21777.4	22698.6	55607.0	21792.4	20756.9	11348.5	23971.2	19783.4	38361.2	24090.5	15711.1	21509.0	10371.0	10116.8	10015.9	11948.2	8815.64	16081.4	25863.8	7141.73	16879.5	18258.9	38989.4	15243.1	14828.7	8967.88	21435.4	13932.1	91776.4	12224.8	10610.0	14443.9	11129.8	11012.4	10358.7	14080.6	25486.8	
810.5288321_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (18:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(18:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(18:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C44H78NO10P		None	None	None	750376.0	548685.0	944963.0	656982.0	921629.0	328780.0	1067160.0	1050190.0	642411.0	456550.0	672481.0	929417.0	563442.0	535340.0	302212.0	1018110.0	442592.0	1061320.0	575423.0	386268.0	577804.0	674239.0	581194.0	595807.0	658793.0	566508.0	1251140.0	363094.0	431715.0	930459.0	785264.0	841284.0	567308.0	489024.0	364342.0	311419.0	401501.0	449463.0	646760.0	
811.4901965_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C44H73O10P		None	None	None	5431.03	7621.28	10861.6	10979.0	28948.4	11661.4	10144.8	7140.45	12225.5	10515.4	19357.5	12760.6	8487.61	10413.6	5338.25	6173.33	5447.89	6109.98	4999.64	7802.94	13558.4	4361.57	8370.04	9499.59	18351.5	7537.8	8484.29	4567.74	11520.8	9958.96	41715.3	6204.42	5043.13	7334.91	5178.67	5618.2	5728.73	8086.99	12594.8	
812.6587170_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (24:0/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C47H92NO7P		None	None	None	2985.52	4709.97	3977.48	3159.84	2633.83	2572.5	4128.0	2100.16	3021.3	2326.0	2885.96	4603.92	2328.16	2330.07	3277.32	3282.1	3309.35	4881.87	3039.71	1758.47	4146.82	3610.8	4237.51	2954.63	2159.91	2667.26	4902.22	1564.85	3024.98	4032.76	4890.87	2189.65	2520.69	1939.83	3241.53	1284.27	1938.34	1774.31	3295.34	
813.3148204_MZ	Tricrocin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Tricrocin is a water soluble crocetin glycoside, a carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) that has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. Saffron is now used worldwide in folk medicine and is reputed to be useful in treating various human disorders such as heart and blood disorders. Stroke and heart attack are involved in reputed folkloric uses of saffron. Saffron is orally administrated as a decoction. Saffron extract exerts a protective effect on renal ischemia reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rats. (PMID: 17215084). Crocetin esters present in saffron stigmas and in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit are the compounds responsible for their color. (PMID: 16448211).	C38H54O19		None	None	None	136.106	224.742	140.793	243.489	449.777	258.707	304.203	288.065	570.996	209.231	447.954	152.134	186.276	529.112	471.005	31.5123	183.529	233.384	21.4893	179.133	336.456	254.884	349.903	372.982	362.363	194.592	202.717	167.979	232.128	348.241	599.729	271.104	75.0808	436.869	255.636	226.194	137.943	185.541	288.5	
813.5041688_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol16:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C44H75O10P		None	None	None	7507.0	8038.69	13966.5	11165.2	17790.7	20653.0	16603.9	7770.55	12505.3	13309.2	20254.6	14788.8	10418.3	12934.9	8631.78	6915.11	9018.18	7390.66	7471.91	8516.57	19274.7	4127.26	10256.3	10118.8	11272.4	11460.8	10575.8	6105.89	18053.5	15009.0	16270.0	10339.7	6559.93	8817.92	5340.09	8957.29	7873.19	7345.2	13274.8	
814.5654690_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C48H82NO7P		None	None	None	22774.7	18205.8	21789.8	19206.3	27084.6	22834.4	29616.5	22553.4	24881.7	20002.6	29136.5	30169.3	21498.5	17737.7	14930.4	21428.6	13959.2	25628.6	19897.0	20308.5	27449.1	16803.6	17322.8	21745.8	20104.4	18441.2	26371.9	17877.6	21844.5	20736.0	21608.2	19748.5	14686.7	21357.3	15428.4	14807.5	20123.3	15544.9	29211.1	
814.6598780_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (24:0/P-18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(24:0/P-18:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(24:0/P-18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:0 at the C-2 position. The lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil, while the plasmalogen 18:0 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C47H94NO7P		None	None	None	1273.76	896.394	1119.28	1047.01	945.977	659.962	1148.69	987.449	1051.1	968.987	1328.1	1089.93	1174.18	668.568	1198.09	1238.06	618.262	1129.0	760.416	662.318	1159.46	1068.66	1711.12	781.265	1053.77	739.068	1061.89	827.416	632.439	717.01	2476.23	744.289	762.698	743.798	832.907	571.576	807.002	775.484	1046.83	
817.5010375_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol18:2(9Z_12Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of linoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C46H75O10P		None	None	None	128282.0	60844.2	110302.0	125157.0	406496.0	32777.1	99401.2	115652.0	179814.0	95267.9	111508.0	162373.0	141115.0	156036.0	36320.8	124710.0	84235.4	179976.0	72889.0	144376.0	101319.0	63699.1	117828.0	86781.4	235229.0	103224.0	170503.0	49547.1	44487.2	136056.0	182719.0	124918.0	96648.5	102733.0	55832.2	63039.0	68425.9	93367.6	92305.0	
819.4506310_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate (16:0/16:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PGP(16:0/16:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerolphosphate or glycerophospholipid (PGP or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site followed by another phosphate moiety. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PGP(16:0/16:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils. Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGPs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PGP also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PGP is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C38H74O13P2		None	None	None	4096.87	4550.82	5025.26	6094.82	12591.2	6552.6	5089.08	3847.03	6572.24	6120.81	9841.08	5760.88	4214.67	6070.7	4727.41	4719.96	3426.78	3447.55	3362.63	4547.41	6197.98	2837.77	4890.44	5131.06	6508.32	4383.33	4046.64	3483.42	6468.04	4177.58	7973.77	3959.93	3761.31	4714.17	3755.15	4115.86	4356.45	4860.87	6676.7	
819.5174711_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol18:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(18:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C46H77O10P		None	None	None	348472.0	102593.0	162146.0	197603.0	1345290.0	69370.4	181614.0	301291.0	260459.0	171553.0	231990.0	225748.0	233241.0	280447.0	73508.0	304204.0	115681.0	310177.0	136141.0	327531.0	168213.0	167024.0	209471.0	120367.0	575983.0	178183.0	297783.0	119709.0	78944.5	225862.0	355293.0	350318.0	141285.0	269471.0	96070.7	138255.0	154195.0	182345.0	133265.0	
821.5294152_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol18:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PG(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C46H79O10P		None	None	None	147536.0	54087.7	82968.7	76696.8	388007.0	50417.2	86575.1	169362.0	89701.4	78844.8	88707.8	92020.8	174262.0	100140.0	42965.5	110002.0	44315.1	133820.0	63068.3	107640.0	84876.3	77435.8	72462.4	53571.5	180401.0	79839.0	110885.0	56813.1	46909.0	80557.0	120166.0	146484.0	51995.3	130595.0	37227.8	49832.8	64336.9	60827.3	66783.0	
824.5212385_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:4(6Z_9Z_12Z_15Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearidonic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearidonic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C48H76NO8P		None	None	None	18034.5	21797.1	23821.5	28636.5	40603.3	21792.3	25431.8	18806.5	23350.9	25000.4	34100.3	27468.3	17706.4	20407.8	20055.0	18891.7	14041.5	20812.0	15601.1	15745.7	27450.3	13487.8	26161.3	25200.9	32495.4	20320.8	19975.0	13442.1	25859.0	21253.0	51057.2	16970.5	16288.4	17854.5	13519.2	14797.1	15114.9	15586.6	28586.3	
825.5627615_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerol with formula C46H83O10P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H83O10P		None	None	None	292467.0	235677.0	236721.0	219350.0	286957.0	119583.0	299617.0	354001.0	305119.0	189183.0	251688.0	297133.0	126862.0	147437.0	117366.0	334590.0	157490.0	407230.0	198977.0	162173.0	189330.0	185383.0	239283.0	228328.0	221840.0	140144.0	329450.0	180874.0	200967.0	285966.0	197458.0	223039.0	193367.0	284057.0	220219.0	120727.0	185906.0	203796.0	299074.0	
826.5732241_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (16:0/22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(16:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(16:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C46H82NO8P		None	None	None	289208.0	169621.0	212791.0	193250.0	392051.0	141628.0	276650.0	335284.0	277524.0	167245.0	249342.0	252600.0	211050.0	132594.0	99686.6	277195.0	134343.0	292832.0	200462.0	231678.0	231207.0	197683.0	204839.0	231717.0	266722.0	174104.0	269132.0	203767.0	174961.0	209864.0	179951.0	252887.0	157597.0	276874.0	177660.0	139673.0	234138.0	182334.0	291184.0	
828.4997525_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (20:5(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z_17Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of eicosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The eicosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C47H72NO8P		None	None	None	11962.5	20088.2	25553.4	28566.3	51987.3	41525.1	21328.6	12558.3	32809.3	33102.8	68496.1	33879.9	26121.8	28856.3	11271.9	11305.6	11822.3	11659.1	11318.2	24485.3	45695.5	7777.14	22167.3	26941.8	26508.4	24097.2	12984.1	13373.9	36959.0	20716.7	27451.1	13535.0	14057.5	20567.2	12486.4	16793.5	15404.0	20624.5	38800.1	
828.5905740_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (16:0/22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H84NO8P		None	None	None	700899.0	400478.0	607238.0	395415.0	647365.0	351201.0	677300.0	555791.0	571840.0	421994.0	563915.0	553378.0	296384.0	299333.0	220020.0	1028960.0	403384.0	733155.0	449437.0	469645.0	468915.0	503952.0	394124.0	570131.0	535429.0	333008.0	870009.0	495898.0	360007.0	502480.0	399107.0	465815.0	455051.0	589628.0	393998.0	343118.0	485239.0	389871.0	768777.0	
830.5612989_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:1(11Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H82NO8P		None	None	None	15141.9	13759.8	15430.6	15976.7	26510.1	17607.8	19307.5	17145.5	19338.7	17902.6	22587.9	20163.2	15653.3	17291.4	11849.8	15319.2	10585.5	18060.2	12978.2	14448.1	20534.2	11177.8	15630.1	15430.9	21278.5	13228.7	16321.9	12738.4	17522.2	15429.8	26557.4	12884.7	10912.2	15180.7	11712.8	13385.5	13984.3	11656.7	26916.4	
830.6845352_MZ	Glucosylceramide (d18:1/24:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Glucosylceramide (d18:1/24:0) is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide)or oligoglycosylceramide with one or more sialic acids (i.e. n-acetylneuraminic acid) linked on the sugar chain. It is a component the cell plasma membrane which modulates cell signal transduction events. Gangliosides have been found to be highly important in immunology. Ganglioside GL1a carries a net-negative charge at pH 7.0 and is acidic. Gangliosides can amount to 6% of the weight of lipids from brain, but they are found at low levels in all animal tissues.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease.	C48H93NO8, Glucosylceramide		None	None	None	5844.88	1934.19	3207.35	2535.25	4318.88	2059.13	4565.24	4179.61	3269.27	2920.82	4199.19	3431.51	5839.47	2481.12	3794.06	5582.06	2068.72	3560.81	2322.32	2275.23	3585.59	3617.86	4761.37	3094.46	2891.73	2590.1	3943.53	1930.67	2370.2	3368.81	6466.99	2691.35	2338.4	2684.32	1410.5	1568.2	2308.18	2197.77	3750.66	
831.6742982_MZ	Sphingomyelin with formula C47H93N2O6P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Sphingomyelin (d18:1/24:1(15Z)) or SM(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath which surrounds some nerve cell axons. It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. Like all sphingolipids, SPH has a ceramide core (sphingosine bonded to a fatty acid via an amide linkage). In addition it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme Sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of Sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase.	C47H93N2O6P		None	None	None	33065.0	19480.8	30959.1	28592.5	45949.8	14249.7	34368.9	47516.4	44838.2	24463.9	37015.5	32116.9	56999.1	23922.9	9372.68	34474.6	17413.7	31201.4	20283.6	31498.1	36364.1	22922.4	30445.7	34011.0	38433.0	25443.7	28683.3	16825.8	18487.5	25702.8	24403.3	30911.4	19093.9	36811.1	16755.2	14430.6	22984.4	34658.8	36950.4	
832.5127914_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (18:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(18:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(18:1(9Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of oleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The oleic acid moiety is derived from vegetable oils, especially olive and canola oil, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C46H76NO10P		None	None	None	50320.4	55767.8	60432.7	77959.9	81322.2	45499.5	71608.3	74590.1	57019.6	66882.9	71129.9	64771.0	58292.6	47480.1	35190.6	76313.8	43513.6	68899.1	42281.7	42687.2	58024.4	52638.9	57460.7	54979.1	61081.5	53422.9	69614.5	35661.2	50827.1	55566.7	93502.8	61115.8	47969.7	46705.6	39822.8	29208.6	42868.7	44140.3	57759.1	
833.5173433_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C43H79O13P		None	None	None	59315.0	128379.0	104283.0	113576.0	78797.4	60152.6	105336.0	92028.5	75609.6	64450.8	93466.6	147411.0	72977.2	60000.5	46160.4	75263.4	50744.2	86658.4	64874.7	53308.1	91274.9	64046.4	83698.7	98376.9	83387.4	92928.8	106277.0	40880.9	81148.5	114349.0	117354.0	65952.1	61239.4	45827.3	55295.5	36488.2	51078.0	63393.5	90679.6	
834.4872865_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine with formula C49H74NO8P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of two chains of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The docosahexaenoic acid moieties are derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C49H74NO8P		None	None	None	7657.67	12728.7	20247.5	21421.7	33570.1	17873.5	16405.8	9929.26	23145.6	17373.9	32374.8	23353.0	12050.7	17960.8	8912.54	7584.71	8266.76	11261.1	7371.86	14693.1	21975.8	6069.86	14922.1	16766.3	25451.3	13316.8	11927.0	8186.74	16613.7	11136.4	33732.1	10441.0	9304.24	11015.8	10156.7	10428.2	8140.64	13213.3	25667.3	
834.5281005_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (18:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C46H78NO10P		None	None	None	240277.0	444295.0	318923.0	294524.0	267328.0	151436.0	397778.0	485398.0	324472.0	160152.0	257799.0	555404.0	248951.0	187025.0	156172.0	307655.0	212992.0	487068.0	229822.0	188538.0	259386.0	210853.0	267358.0	266857.0	245463.0	214066.0	494196.0	160064.0	211244.0	454225.0	310808.0	249647.0	174816.0	179585.0	242533.0	89528.0	168876.0	180083.0	227286.0	
835.0517511_MZ	Diadenosine tetraphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diadenosine tetraphosphate (AP4A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n=3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A, and Ap6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP5A is a specific adenylate kinase inhibitor in the hippocampus, decreasing the rate of decomposition of ADP and the formation of ATP; a pathway that influences the availability of purines in the central nervous system. AP4A is the only APnA that can induce a considerable increase in [Ca2+] in endothelial cells, indicating that its vasoactive effects are comparable to the known effects of arginine vasopressin, Angiotensin II, and ATP. AP4A is a ubiquitous ApnA is a signal molecule for DNA replication in mammalian cells. AP4A is a primer for oligoadenylate synthesis catalyzed by interferon-inducible 2-5A synthetase. AP4A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. (PMID: 11212966, 12738682, 11810214, 9607303, 8922753, 9187362, 16401072, 9694344, 9351706, 1953194).	C20H28N10O19P4		None	None	None	11643.7	12473.1	11487.8	7769.56	8933.59	12353.7	11458.5	15149.6	8442.79	5788.88	8735.15	13026.7	12923.2	8715.24	8934.84	7085.44	7491.46	9241.49	13169.7	11020.1	9075.78	10130.8	6658.83	7975.47	10824.7	10353.3	9647.5	14088.4	11428.8	20776.8	5988.74	11306.4	6874.17	9475.1	9461.85	17056.9	10470.2	7140.85	9395.86	
837.5462168_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/18:0) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C43H83O13P		None	None	None	30627.8	38233.8	38804.9	36884.9	40385.4	32538.0	45214.9	66085.3	36411.9	30009.7	41197.3	52852.9	48856.4	25081.4	19887.9	32374.4	22260.6	46888.9	26066.8	25685.8	39699.2	28212.6	28549.9	30207.0	31295.2	28835.2	42317.5	21299.3	32012.8	36216.6	34748.1	31373.7	21868.0	29692.6	23840.5	18351.7	23532.6	23043.4	37476.5	
837.6574585_MZ	3-Decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is the first intermediate in the conversion of p-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) to ubiquinone. It is a 3-polyprenyl derivative of PHB. It has been found that PPHB is located primarily in the inner membrane of liver mitochondria. (PMID: 4338233).	C57H86O3		None	None	None	4923.36	5095.87	4862.85	6156.6	5476.89	3313.19	5916.6	3814.92	7651.66	4564.35	5858.35	4827.32	4964.96	4189.22	2746.97	4491.24	3701.46	5048.19	4648.19	5299.67	8932.46	5081.11	5978.03	6426.86	4471.68	5336.45	4794.73	3186.76	3998.13	4321.5	5901.51	4180.71	2962.05	3863.44	3939.28	2186.26	4175.82	3984.6	5884.58	
837.7434592_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (15:0/18:1(9Z)/16:0)[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(15:0/18:1(9Z)/16:0) is a monooleic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid trimesters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(15:0/18:1(9Z)/16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of pentadecanoic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C52H98O6		None	None	None	412.848	154.655	176.557	173.477	199.876	224.465	312.859	408.638	184.677	400.405	38.2704	126.655	646.154	1113.83	457.022	383.546	349.023	284.673	93.83	475.417	410.436	1186.53	71.0598	264.696	241.082	453.884	170.896	253.214	430.103	1691.59	286.952	172.418	105.294	190.374	484.752	299.399	318.479	16.5553	
839.2945283_MZ	3-Sialyl Lewis	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Sialyl Lewis tetrasaccharide, is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen. It is used as a tumor marker in colon and pancreatic cancer. When the selectin family of adhesion molecules was described, it was found that 3-Sialyl Lewis, along with sialyl Lewis(x) antigen, is a ligand for E-selectin, responsible for adhesion of several types of human carcinoma cells to endothelium. It has been suggested that such interactions play an important role in the formation of metastases by colon and pancreatic cancer cells. (PMID:12362971).	C31H52N2O23		None	None	None	380.76	695.822	1040.31	396.881	830.432	868.873	185.725	158.311	1507.33	444.848	934.487	543.805	723.775	514.829	2.77791	56.0857	304.285	477.226	1037.4	1490.74	745.942	1268.29	427.006	1143.52	1374.5	465.888	216.728	1646.91	366.022	139.267	383.927	802.906	1789.7	1411.58	2190.2	878.962	1095.71	597.387	
847.3841740_MZ	Neuromedin B (4-10)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	NMB acts by binding to its high affinity cell surface receptor, neuromedin B receptor (NMBR). This receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane spanning regions, hence the receptor is also denoted as a 7 transmembrane receptor (7-TMR). Upon binding several intracellular signaling pathways are triggered (see Figure 2). Neuromedin B (NMB) is a bombesin-related peptide in mammals. It was originally purified from pig spinal cord, and later shown to be present in human central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. This structure shows the 4-10 fragment of neuromedin B.	C40H54N11O8S		None	None	None	950.578	845.545	1034.79	798.06	1995.3	1900.63	1248.03	807.993	1307.62	1011.45	1756.29	874.381	723.509	993.092	1130.36	769.565	575.782	425.865	870.773	783.983	1411.72	400.488	989.818	905.489	671.251	1919.12	532.129	612.924	1317.76	952.918	1299.09	913.697	614.373	806.458	610.14	741.498	684.406	786.97	989.444	
848.5549567_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C48H80NO8P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H80NO8P		None	None	None	43239.2	28887.7	34094.5	32161.9	78807.1	34797.0	46404.5	40102.0	37237.0	35148.9	44787.3	41224.0	31711.7	31794.3	29408.5	49503.2	22868.2	39486.1	30544.1	29434.4	41447.2	29578.4	31954.6	33795.6	54571.0	30584.2	49869.0	36031.0	37604.2	39214.4	66587.0	31994.4	25085.2	32628.1	25838.4	30014.6	35864.6	23388.8	45678.1	
851.3479911_MZ	Heme A	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Heme A differs from heme B in that a methyl side chain at ring position 8 is oxidized into a formyl group, and one of the vinyl side chains, at ring position 2, has been replaced by an isoprenoid chain. Like heme B, heme A is often attached to the apoprotein (cytochromes or globins) through a coordination bond between the heme iron and a conserved amino acid side-chain. An example of a metalloprotein that contains heme A is cytochrome c oxidase. Both the formyl group and the isoprenoid side chain are thought to play important roles in conservation of the energy of oxygen reduction by cytochrome c oxidase.(Wikipedia).	C49H56FeN4O6		None	None	None	233.876	364.8	259.138	449.278	613.445	370.735	472.313	453.238	321.624	492.291	395.883	384.555	159.386	489.761	863.077	3.51436	408.265	252.352	282.901	176.003	241.634	190.725	189.89	500.907	233.057	257.376	257.17	129.168	417.004	197.717	795.197	151.551	230.261	223.023	239.658	330.932	354.888	160.304	491.148	
852.3074772_MZ	Lacto-N-fucopentaose III	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Lacto-N-fucopentaose III is an oligosaccharide found in human milk. Oligosaccharides in human milk represent a group of bioactive molecules that have evolved to be an abundant and diverse component of human milk, even though they have no direct nutritive value to the infant. A recent hypothesis proposes that they could be substrates for the development of the intestinal microflora and the mucosal immune system. (PMID:17002410).	C32H55NO25, Lacto-N-fucopentaose-2, Lex-lactose, Lacto-n-fucopentaose I, Lacto-N-fucopentaose V		None	None	None	52.1553	221.538	151.078	301.154	127.368	195.004	152.997	63.2915	151.948	249.458	130.231	330.536	279.883	397.477	129.788	116.597	390.563	0.617875	156.101	188.933	134.029	275.585	181.398	399.387	65.2581	83.621	119.696	253.205	384.303	86.4378	128.891	155.185	75.5248	66.5939	358.355	157.819	
852.5887619_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C48H84NO8P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C48H84NO8P		None	None	None	163306.0	113899.0	141847.0	105220.0	145097.0	86345.0	160411.0	153102.0	157717.0	102450.0	120105.0	143456.0	63438.8	73711.7	70646.6	220078.0	108315.0	203548.0	106146.0	94135.9	101614.0	106819.0	104960.0	124490.0	114616.0	79363.0	170065.0	105794.0	88963.8	147436.0	90519.1	96619.2	103061.0	125946.0	108591.0	67792.3	99382.7	94921.2	158606.0	
852.6828063_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (24:1(15Z)/P-18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(24:1(15Z)/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(24:1(15Z)/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of nervonic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C50H96NO7P		None	None	None	27173.3	16347.3	25096.0	24052.7	36895.0	11766.3	28335.9	39299.8	36875.2	21043.5	30828.0	25441.6	46707.7	19207.6	9872.48	30232.9	15453.4	25499.6	18235.3	28063.3	29692.4	20479.1	26660.9	28597.4	31667.8	20069.2	23422.5	14734.2	15784.5	20547.5	21685.1	26216.7	17607.6	32475.4	14612.5	11560.2	20089.9	29866.4	31895.9	
854.1327512_MZ	Crotonoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Crotonoyl-CoA is an important component in several metabolic pathways, notably fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. It is the substrate of a group of enzymes acyl-Coenzyme A oxidases 1, 2, 3 (E.C.: 1.3.3.6) corresponding to palmitoyl, branched chain, and pristanoyl, respectively, in the peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation, producing hydrogen peroxide. Abnormality of this group of enzymes is linked to coma, dehydration, diabetes, fatty liver, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, and leukodystrophy. It is also a substrate of a group of enzymes called acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (E.C.:1.3.99-, including 1.3.99.2, 1.3.99.3) in the metabolism of fatty acids or branched chain amino acids in the mitochondria (Rozen et al., 1994). Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (1.3.99.3) has shown to contribute to kidney-associated diseases, such as adrenogential syndrome, kidney failure, kidney tubular necrosis, homocystinuria, as well as other diseases including cretinism, encephalopathy, hypoglycemia, medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. The gene (ACADS) also plays a role in theta oscillation during sleep. In addition, crotonoyl-CoA is the substrate of enoyl coenzyme A hydratase (E.C.4.2.1.17) in the mitochondria during lysine degradation and tryptophan metabolism, benzoate degradation via CoA ligation; in contrast it is the product of this enzyme in the butanoate metabolism. Moreover, it is produced from multiple enzymes in the butanoate metabolism pathway, including 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase (E.C.:4.2.1.55), glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase (E.C.: 4.1.1.70), vinylacetyl-CoA &#916;-isomerase (E.C.: 5.3.3.3), and trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NAD+) (E.C.: 1.3.1.44). In lysine degradation and tryptophan metabolism, crotonoyl CoA is produced by glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (E.C.:1.3.99.7) lysine and tryptophan metabolic pathway. This enzyme is linked to type-1glutaric aciduria, metabolic diseases, movement disorders, myelinopathy, and nervous system diseases.	C25H40N7O17P3S		None	None	None	3775.29	3389.94	3509.1	1920.99	2719.17	4027.73	3302.56	3200.33	2325.92	2100.46	2532.79	2392.99	4305.03	2721.5	1810.99	3077.04	3269.31	2726.82	3828.06	3017.97	2395.43	3685.89	1836.73	2359.15	2632.5	2281.3	3206.66	4726.92	5155.84	4430.24	1139.53	2612.68	3020.3	3518.69	2950.98	5316.91	3896.33	2592.14	3226.14	
854.6971184_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C50H98NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(24:0/P-18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(24:0/P-18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-1 position and one chain of plasmalogen 18:1n7 at the C-2 position. The lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil, while the plasmalogen 18:1n7 moiety is derived from animal fats, liver and kidney. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC. Plasmalogens are glycerol ether phospholipids. They are of two types, alkyl ether (-O-CH2-) and alkenyl ether (-O-CH=CH-). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) serves as the glycerol precursor for the synthesis of plasmalogens. Three major classes of plasmalogens have been identified: choline, ethanolamine and serine derivatives. Ethanolamine plasmalogen is prevalent in myelin. Choline plasmalogen is abundant in cardiac tissue. Usually, the highest proportion of the plasmalogen form is in the ethanolamine class with rather less in choline, and commonly little or none in other phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. In choline plasmalogens of most tissues, a higher proportion is often of the O-alkyl rather than the O-alkenyl form, but the reverse tends to be true in heart lipids. In animal tissues, the alkyl and alkenyl moieties in both non-polar and phospholipids tend to be rather simple in composition with 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 (double bond in position 9) predominating. Ether analogues of triacylglycerols, i.e. 1-alkyldiacyl-sn-glycerols, are present at trace levels only if at all in most animal tissues, but they can be major components of some marine lipids.	C50H98NO7P		None	None	None	7648.83	9079.39	11204.8	8649.14	7441.39	5966.54	12366.5	8855.29	9445.25	6380.85	8602.09	14855.1	7798.23	6099.66	4290.16	9297.14	7395.94	8758.35	6237.88	6926.56	9889.06	7725.86	9938.09	8909.41	7411.81	7912.47	8983.2	4237.58	6125.78	9925.81	9825.89	5972.94	7639.79	6772.84	5417.06	2823.03	5596.98	6781.53	9662.89	
855.2734840_MZ	Uroporphyrinogen I	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Uroporphyrinogens are porphyrinogen variants in which each pyrrole ring has one acetate side chain and one propionate side chain; it is formed by condensation 4 four molecules of porphobilinogen. 4 isomers are possible but only 2 commoly are found, types I and III. Uroporphyrinogen III is a functional intermediate in heme biosynthesis while Uroporphyrinogen I is produced in an abortive side reaction.	C40H44N4O16		None	None	None	402.604	204.768	538.603	485.415	306.164	332.135	418.837	231.993	176.736	625.183	312.797	255.124	480.398	428.011	130.03	337.323	363.475	343.912	219.845	265.198	59.2014	216.475	341.667	328.497	383.466	395.103	210.352	592.673	518.267	298.408	318.499	383.51	98.9892	365.681	394.472	436.189	200.774	395.242	158.818	
855.5426485_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/18:1(11Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C43H81O13P		None	None	None	40133.9	57441.0	54947.8	49875.0	44429.7	35289.9	45107.7	39524.2	55188.7	35555.3	53753.0	62365.5	34648.0	34166.5	23929.1	44557.7	36670.3	51061.3	39408.5	31455.4	49101.0	34705.2	44383.6	44297.9	40437.3	44840.6	46305.6	31494.3	63920.1	139020.0	39125.9	34778.9	35110.3	34866.7	44902.2	25396.8	38291.7	35796.0	51676.3	
856.5413274_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (18:0/22:5(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(18:0/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(18:0/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C46H80NO10P		None	None	None	91693.7	119213.0	115946.0	110385.0	117542.0	79940.0	107258.0	109948.0	132273.0	82697.0	136075.0	164321.0	96020.6	83127.2	55686.3	112102.0	76632.0	114830.0	87822.4	89756.3	105257.0	86948.1	106756.0	93561.2	118453.0	95978.1	97007.6	75227.5	112922.0	133470.0	78343.6	91401.9	85601.3	103807.0	98636.5	57553.0	80382.2	99527.5	125486.0	
857.5187760_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C45H79O13P		None	None	None	257103.0	454075.0	316235.0	303422.0	258550.0	164768.0	360989.0	343110.0	259485.0	176081.0	280185.0	402614.0	248508.0	179070.0	157674.0	330267.0	175490.0	330745.0	312621.0	206302.0	264812.0	238467.0	301696.0	258276.0	238156.0	287239.0	439409.0	175764.0	258889.0	412923.0	352427.0	276160.0	213297.0	177046.0	173214.0	133593.0	217707.0	235455.0	244326.0	
858.6222850_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C48H90NO8P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H90NO8P		None	None	None	9638.5	8656.67	8577.59	7595.98	8566.86	7607.53	9821.32	9040.59	8644.12	6406.64	9876.69	11505.0	8666.39	5940.62	7634.96	11157.8	6024.16	10001.8	8018.19	7206.01	8301.88	7493.67	6487.79	7102.82	8198.07	7069.12	10421.2	7225.43	7339.3	8945.13	8798.43	6334.87	6058.18	6566.09	6005.72	5722.17	7843.84	6058.69	11102.6	
859.5312756_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/20:3(5Z_8Z_11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of mead acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C45H81O13P		None	None	None	100376.0	106271.0	103416.0	107588.0	115539.0	70974.9	144825.0	128984.0	87499.5	58141.4	116588.0	155336.0	108599.0	60789.3	64311.5	105997.0	46735.8	90464.2	96036.1	73473.7	111775.0	88501.0	93511.8	96514.2	102225.0	127831.0	126163.0	77236.9	94952.0	131364.0	114042.0	105563.0	70189.6	62349.4	70367.5	54056.8	92490.4	73729.8	95380.1	
860.6564633_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C48H92NO8P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H92NO8P		None	None	None	1524.94	1730.02	1836.53	1889.83	1807.56	1279.74	1463.42	2096.4	2005.63	1410.69	2142.72	2134.36	2368.84	1313.84	1628.76	1886.25	997.063	2085.14	1260.81	1515.21	2012.07	1367.56	1731.81	1576.31	1706.87	1435.18	1708.82	1500.03	1537.22	1576.24	3028.26	1132.33	1169.47	1499.34	1427.3	1156.75	1419.59	1436.27	2398.93	
861.5484929_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/20:2(11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the eicosadienoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils and liver. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C45H83O13P		None	None	None	69649.4	64559.1	77440.9	97488.9	84234.2	54199.6	111936.0	124452.0	59510.9	43854.6	79617.9	120976.0	101085.0	48327.5	43596.4	78335.9	35547.6	62736.9	48863.4	43752.8	83750.8	63260.5	60977.0	94075.4	77891.5	95295.1	86813.8	42918.3	67255.7	78961.9	83429.2	75349.3	45214.7	41201.9	53654.2	30980.5	59601.8	49565.1	67809.9	
862.6086627_MZ	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide (d18:1/22:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H89NO11S		None	None	None	15818.9	13547.7	17522.5	19356.6	18762.9	16138.8	18577.3	16986.1	19020.2	13767.7	21752.4	22310.3	14089.5	11047.1	13594.3	18017.4	10632.0	17332.4	12888.1	16047.8	19805.4	12641.2	14419.2	17141.0	17123.3	13298.1	18202.1	13330.4	14908.7	13759.9	19275.7	14062.0	11530.5	14756.0	12839.6	9811.46	16033.5	17552.2	23489.5	
863.6181108_MZ	All trans decaprenyl diphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C50H90O7P2		None	None	None	8479.74	7704.91	10362.2	8608.5	9341.25	7684.53	10509.0	8976.92	9581.55	6569.75	10435.5	12476.9	7369.28	6349.61	6908.94	8279.3	6108.27	10053.8	7035.6	7382.73	9949.12	7178.0	7524.12	7895.74	8445.09	6314.12	9540.46	6729.27	7689.16	8168.72	9636.08	6817.4	6409.6	7010.23	6478.3	4847.38	7735.69	8955.81	10573.3	
864.6471313_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (18:3(6Z_9Z_12Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of g-linolenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C50H92NO8P		None	None	None	2432.43	1900.38	2130.76	2478.11	2565.19	2393.44	2727.06	2524.17	2076.9	2243.83	2799.21	2806.73	2722.15	1830.31	3324.8	2250.11	1464.74	2757.65	1717.67	1811.07	2579.93	1903.04	2235.47	1947.72	2003.92	1564.76	2180.29	1738.68	2262.3	2326.73	4527.2	1703.09	1597.96	1681.9	1539.61	1493.87	2093.95	1730.21	2987.42	
868.1647419_MZ	3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA is an essential metabolite for leucine metabolism, a substrate of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.4), a biotin-dependent mitochondrial enzyme in the catabolism of leucine. (OMIM 609010).	C26H42N7O17P3S		None	None	None	482.172	199.698	606.493	105.299	469.214	605.164	385.869	512.069	271.374	304.148	253.178	413.016	574.284	350.073	214.298	409.326	505.52	466.557	513.925	444.714	347.321	300.896	320.292	264.436	371.424	419.889	271.113	673.79	511.084	821.227	114.064	413.129	274.799	501.636	407.758	682.175	560.672	244.566	17.032	
873.2999017_MZ	Hydroxymethylbilane	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Hydroxymethylbilane is a molecule involved in the metabolism of porphyrin. In the third step, it is generated by the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase , and in the next step the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III synthase converts it into uroporphyrinogen III. -- Wikipedia.	C40H46N4O17		None	None	None	53.1938	130.745	151.66	127.345	158.19	209.011	102.136	52.2008	151.376	307.053	113.758	197.65	217.949	632.004	134.619	120.473	149.823	189.73	198.879	257.986	115.419	275.506	22.1158	195.699	252.286	98.0667	84.3795	185.573	8.16324	89.2041	182.029	88.6341	277.548	75.2658	120.969	88.7285	
874.5023870_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The arachidonic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and eggs, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C48H74NO10P		None	None	None	16376.2	24201.9	27449.1	35404.4	43147.5	31650.0	25765.8	22077.9	28814.1	39401.0	50161.1	29602.5	27919.8	28591.3	17479.3	18517.2	16039.2	19784.0	15552.7	20069.1	34549.7	14377.4	26182.9	24051.4	26028.5	22113.0	21959.9	15380.7	32887.0	21562.1	50189.2	19009.6	17017.8	21086.4	14081.5	18462.4	17842.2	20007.8	32661.3	
875.7652432_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (16:0/18:1(9Z)/18:2(9Z_12Z))[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z))[iso6] is a monooleic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C55H100O6		None	None	None	3395.77	1235.96	1277.87	1464.87	2030.11	1412.04	3391.86	4489.2	1712.25	873.075	1491.79	1638.19	3348.13	1465.93	1615.64	9303.0	812.894	4828.09	1478.38	1136.2	1195.99	4938.18	2166.45	1450.63	1291.4	1198.06	4846.31	1030.1	708.209	1877.35	2892.13	5151.34	1933.28	2528.23	917.09	1499.33	3657.92	1767.48	1324.73	
876.5126626_MZ	Phosphatidylserine (20:3(8Z_11Z_14Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H76NO10P		None	None	None	21138.1	29561.0	27541.5	34892.5	36178.0	28257.1	27660.5	22006.2	33305.6	29642.6	45279.8	33728.1	25601.5	25184.3	20514.1	22381.8	17730.7	22683.7	20308.9	20285.7	33905.9	17269.6	29828.6	27835.2	26086.5	27350.6	24151.2	19220.9	33061.7	25147.9	43273.5	20447.2	18650.5	20656.4	18734.8	20745.3	22514.3	20191.3	33629.1	
876.6809526_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine with formula C52H96NO7P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C52H96NO7P		None	None	None	2711.95	3213.93	2622.45	2058.8	1810.6	3267.2	3383.03	2483.37	2278.8	1995.36	2816.06	5306.07	1835.53	2008.46	3359.0	3792.33	2513.39	4000.24	2709.6	1648.56	2893.4	2133.88	2676.93	2392.91	2326.14	1919.99	3297.43	1926.92	2703.49	3661.61	4654.09	1581.11	1684.61	1984.35	1687.84	1349.03	1911.72	1331.38	3533.92	
877.7243284_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride with formula C57H98O6	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso3] is a dipalmitic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso3], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C57H98O6		None	None	None	810.034	1091.36	1049.8	996.345	238.467	531.969	995.93	1127.09	407.258	811.761	408.539	527.837	446.268	960.136	1250.28	694.943	1350.24	941.073	584.562	201.937	707.158	796.471	1358.92	1191.76	357.168	569.786	846.948	176.826	639.95	1136.27	2941.3	611.603	883.661	148.784	379.774	494.051	452.544	470.047	437.207	
878.2130436_MZ	2-Methylhexanoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2-Methylhexanoyl-CoA is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. It is adapted from cysteamine, pantothenate, and adenosine triphosphate. This compound is formed by 2-Methylhexanoic acid reacting with thiol group of CoA molecules.	C28H48N7O17P3S		None	None	None	21.8116	300.652	255.633	70.3049	81.6053	55.8447	133.106	297.283	149.797	293.207	248.856	151.493	549.77	220.493	142.624	90.4106	223.183	267.026	198.17	165.12	25.1978	30.5192	267.067	385.836	186.559	97.6315	18.481	223.445	156.634	258.22	227.591	311.324	294.353	199.395	127.008	108.126	
878.4837887_MZ	Phosphatidylserine with formula C50H74NO10P	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PS(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PS(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phosphatidylserine or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is distributed widely among animals, plants and microorganisms. It is usually less than 10% of the total phospholipids, the greatest concentration being in myelin from brain tissue. However, it may comprise 10 to 20 mol% of the total phospholipid in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Phosphatidylserine is an acidic (anionic) phospholipid with three ionizable groups, i.e. the phosphate moiety, the amino group and the carboxyl function. As with other acidic lipids, it exists in nature in salt form, but it has a high propensity to chelate to calcium via the charged oxygen atoms of both the carboxyl and phosphate moieties, modifying the conformation of the polar head group. This interaction may be of considerable relevance to the biological function of phosphatidylserine, especially during bone formation for example. As phosphatidylserine is located entirely on the inner monolayer surface of the plasma membrane (and of other cellular membranes) and it is the most abundant anionic phospholipids. Therefore phosphatidylseriine may make the largest contribution to interfacial effects in membranes involving non-specific electrostatic interactions. This normal distribution is disturbed during platelet activation and cellular apoptosis. In human plasma, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl species predominate, but in brain (especially grey matter), retina and many other tissues 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl species are very abundant. Indeed, the ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in brain phosphatidylserine is very much higher than in most other lipids. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Phosphatidylserines typically carry a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PS biosynthesis involves an exchange reaction of serine for ethanolamine in PE.	C50H74NO10P		None	None	None	4939.31	6930.59	8313.17	10622.3	14789.2	9930.74	7626.8	5024.66	8708.45	10473.5	15616.7	10670.1	7121.05	9657.99	6917.12	4690.59	5009.89	4534.69	5213.61	7135.04	11192.6	4002.89	8624.82	7635.67	10687.5	7984.86	5260.41	4741.69	10051.6	7340.2	15793.5	5280.18	5182.24	6307.41	4586.11	7123.1	5444.16	5800.82	11563.7	
878.7104477_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (o-22:1(13Z)/22:3(10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(o-22:1(13Z)/22:3(10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(o-22:1(13Z)/22:3(10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of Erucyl alcohol at the C-1 position and one chain of (10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatrienoyl) at the C-2 position. The Erucyl alcohol moiety is derived from Rapeseed oil, while the (10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatrienoyl) moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C52H98NO7P		None	None	None	155.665	525.569	321.871	370.698	198.964	126.926	226.905	379.935	179.843	923.506	280.574	451.378	56.9755	386.931	919.185	423.281	302.464	410.553	150.137	201.558	89.3117	189.055	1389.25	352.335	233.521	249.629	371.749	166.624	181.521	266.066	2012.34	132.385	352.618	214.26	130.178	147.735	172.877	174.288	426.834	
879.7416331_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (16:0/18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))[iso6] is a monoarachidonic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C57H100O6		None	None	None	792.525	844.991	1147.35	1106.5	634.13	526.298	1175.42	1417.29	561.114	898.945	487.433	299.177	764.776	884.246	1350.97	590.65	1485.96	987.048	570.329	187.41	595.835	1039.83	777.723	1342.92	177.962	659.268	874.46	119.208	728.603	1239.64	2337.17	622.675	845.56	418.625	581.69	336.726	590.786	363.605	483.939	
881.7569201_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (16:0/18:0/20:4(5Z_8Z_11Z_14Z))[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(16:0/18:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))[iso6] is a monoarachidonic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(16:0/18:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C57H102O6		None	None	None	1305.6	1369.54	1191.51	1661.73	1122.76	457.601	1556.73	2342.59	743.484	899.802	703.44	600.407	1822.44	1358.87	1825.62	907.421	1611.01	1401.03	792.71	460.69	798.361	1727.94	911.071	1452.58	402.165	1201.69	1092.34	435.725	817.273	1663.35	3256.55	1010.65	993.14	532.568	601.205	734.922	1100.41	366.784	772.381	
883.5332733_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C47H81O13P		None	None	None	226320.0	126714.0	197314.0	216887.0	444555.0	137640.0	277007.0	352019.0	206631.0	125689.0	257437.0	252550.0	247788.0	160369.0	106277.0	196826.0	93379.9	180331.0	193959.0	221020.0	301717.0	189938.0	224741.0	205190.0	270321.0	212400.0	234646.0	196829.0	158944.0	186380.0	264803.0	298766.0	114447.0	155128.0	163401.0	138567.0	249524.0	148021.0	178748.0	
885.5496472_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/22:4(10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C47H83O13P		None	None	None	4368540.0	4262900.0	5492920.0	4640810.0	5119600.0	2725240.0	6632050.0	5633280.0	4711170.0	3172220.0	4658340.0	5530970.0	2791350.0	3417210.0	1926990.0	5168880.0	3520020.0	6484500.0	3909400.0	3156700.0	3589860.0	3917680.0	4294040.0	4517680.0	3812960.0	3524880.0	6493490.0	3012740.0	3254770.0	4935870.0	4453450.0	4506980.0	3408340.0	3452840.0	2949240.0	2026310.0	2941290.0	2857500.0	3471970.0	
888.6096410_MZ	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide (d18:1/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C48H91NO11S		None	None	None	32686.5	22576.7	28146.9	26422.9	33604.9	21178.4	55790.9	34917.2	25260.7	17284.8	33599.3	34832.6	22065.2	19386.0	24128.0	37365.5	17156.4	38965.4	20573.7	19518.5	22842.1	25507.6	24924.3	23774.2	25757.4	25431.3	44517.5	21396.6	19424.8	32823.7	31002.8	30335.8	19990.5	20995.9	15613.9	15779.7	23122.4	18363.9	38147.9	
888.6403162_MZ	Galabiosylceramide (d18:1/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galabiosylceramide is a non-acidic diglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with two or more carbohydrate moieties attached to a ceramide unit. It is a vital component of cellular membranes of most eukaryotic organisms and some bacteria. Its abundance relative to other lipids is usually low other than in epithelial and neuronal cells. Galabiosylceramide has also been found in small amounts in kidney and pancreas, for example. Galabiosylceramide is one of the lipids that accumulates in excessive amounts in Fabry's disease. It is the precursor of the gala series of oligoglycosylceramides.An animal tissues, biosynthesis involves addition of a second monosaccharides unit from the appropriate sugar nucleotide to a monoglycosylceramide, catalysed by a glycosyl transferase, in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. Glycolipids are important components of the body's immune defense system, either in haptenic reactivity or in antibody-producing potency, i.e. as cellular immunogens or antigens. Certain glycolipids are involved in the antigenicity of blood group determinants, while others bind to specific toxins or bacteria. Some also function as receptors for cellular recognition, and they can be specific for particular tissues or tumours.	C48H91NO13		None	None	None	11490.7	8677.34	11695.2	9923.84	11192.5	7421.73	19333.8	12517.8	9880.75	6472.06	11304.4	15880.0	8264.4	7526.57	12828.0	16032.6	6496.96	18280.2	7926.56	6773.01	8803.85	8291.09	10228.8	9380.63	9666.89	9085.02	20627.7	7236.74	7686.48	12663.3	14596.2	10077.9	6796.84	7669.2	6482.41	5860.69	7901.27	8219.66	12771.4	
890.6365087_MZ	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide (d18:1/24:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide is an acidic, sulfated glycosphingolipid, often known as sulfatide. This lipid occurs in membranes of various cell types, but is found in particularly high concentrations in myelin where it constitutes 3-4% of total membrane lipids. This lipid is synthesized primarily in the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Accumulation of this lipid in the lysosomes is a characteristic of metachromatic leukodystrophy, a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Alterations in sulfatide metabolism, trafficking, and homeostasis are present in the earliest clinically recognizable stages of Alzheimer's disease. Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease. Sulfatides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Sulfatides are the sulfuric acid esters of galactocerebrosides. They are synthesized from galactocerebrosides and activated sulfate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS).	C48H93NO11S		None	None	None	7061.45	5824.02	6782.29	6439.36	8327.99	5422.47	8160.32	7310.96	6733.07	6995.18	7687.37	8281.51	7446.61	4992.43	7701.54	9221.09	4636.5	8282.0	5404.39	5341.32	6622.66	6101.04	7101.99	6164.76	7467.34	4935.9	8252.83	5579.95	5507.11	6559.89	10967.2	5634.76	4949.95	6693.48	5157.66	4124.62	5895.74	5512.92	10144.9	
897.5117641_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate (16:0/22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PGP(16:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerolphosphate or glycerophospholipid (PGP or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site followed by another phosphate moiety. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PGP(16:0/22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of adrenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the adrenic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases. While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGPs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PGP also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PGP is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate.	C44H80O13P2		None	None	None	9044.36	14041.1	13354.2	17230.7	21647.1	12996.0	13590.6	10684.6	15537.4	13699.2	21321.6	16765.8	10982.9	11806.6	10138.8	9289.79	8340.7	10268.4	9425.29	11311.6	16428.9	7889.43	12884.0	12371.3	14515.3	13096.3	10946.1	8612.94	16214.7	13558.8	17051.3	9147.28	9406.15	10187.7	9307.46	9463.68	10278.4	10477.8	16151.5	
902.2037143_MZ	2,6-Dimethylheptanoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	2,6 dimethylheptanoyl-CoA is a metabolite of pristanic acid,which itself is the alpha-oxidation product of phytanic acid.(PMID: 9714723).	C30H48N7O17P3S		None	None	None	168.583	90.7269	418.432	230.582	342.168	286.226	65.4336	299.123	90.5172	212.104	172.386	437.632	312.595	527.363	287.657	317.721	324.249	434.445	64.2656	133.738	314.578	229.064	291.637	396.151	231.472	572.115	233.561	433.118	115.435	203.957	262.124	369.507	217.883	575.469	486.965	226.763	153.415	
902.6855359_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of erucic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The erucic acid moiety is derived from seed oils and avocados, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C51H98NO8P		None	None	None	1761.67	1530.3	1178.41	1042.31	1561.62	1450.75	1609.18	2054.98	1424.96	1378.44	1605.92	2673.13	1546.55	1280.6	2072.4	1854.53	1142.19	2175.48	1478.12	1137.73	1421.28	1381.37	2041.68	1493.2	1763.98	1230.41	1571.9	1198.25	1612.54	1797.81	3264.56	1201.68	1089.75	1148.01	1034.55	945.965	1375.23	890.367	1898.6	
906.6285579_MZ	Galabiosylceramide (d18:1/9Z-18:1)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Galabiosylceramide is a non-acidic diglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with two or more carbohydrate moieties attached to a ceramide unit. It is a vital component of cellular membranes of most eukaryotic organisms and some bacteria. Its abundance relative to other lipids is usually low other than in epithelial and neuronal cells. Galabiosylceramide is one of the lipids that accumulate in excessive amounts in Fabry's disease. Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked inborn error of glycosphingolipid (GSL) metabolism, caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A, which results in high levels in lysosomes and biological fluids of galabiosylceramide, also known as digalactosylceramide (Ga2). In Fabry disease, accumulation of galabiosylceramide is observed by coloration methods associated to optic or electron microscopy or more recently, with imaging mass spectrometry. Galabiosylceramide is the precursor of a series of oligoglycosylceramides. In animal tissues, biosynthesis involves addition of a second monosaccharide unit from the appropriate sugar nucleotide to a monoglycosylceramide, catalysed by a glycosyl transferase, in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. Glycolipids are important components of the body's immune defense system, either in haptenic reactivity or in antibody-producing potency, i.e. as cellular immunogens or antigens. (PMID: 15702404, 15959771, 16324673, 14761135).	C48H89NO13, Lactosyceramide (d18:1/18:1(9Z))		None	None	None	13021.9	9543.53	13297.5	9569.69	12662.2	8712.97	13654.8	12216.5	11961.7	7949.55	13648.7	13943.0	10070.7	7911.69	9782.62	16229.6	8581.67	14941.8	10044.7	10580.5	10119.5	9592.88	10406.3	10848.2	11564.8	7751.06	14800.4	9642.57	9149.11	10916.4	13178.5	10786.7	8571.53	12086.1	8179.06	8798.09	9914.53	8950.9	20973.9	
906.7266778_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (22:0/24:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(22:0/24:0) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(22:0/24:0), in particular, consists of one chain of behenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-2 position. The behenic acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil, while the lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C51H102NO8P		None	None	None	697.688	1087.5	1667.67	1733.54	1467.66	1706.35	1244.7	829.804	1351.26	976.938	1854.12	1356.06	844.533	2827.3	1711.48	775.865	927.069	1022.55	348.08	394.11	1360.69	679.043	1286.25	2391.98	255.726	1122.55	1014.71	280.432	1849.0	1098.2	2986.33	801.908	867.407	633.1	518.025	491.325	732.567	475.661	1174.17	
907.4609518_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate with formula C41H78O16P2	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PIP(16:1(9Z)/18:0) is a phosphatidylinositol phosphate. Phosphatidylinositol phosphates are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to a phosphorylated inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositol phosphates are generated from phosphatidylinositols, which are phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated. Phosphatidylinositols phosphates can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PIP(16:1(9Z)/18:0), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of stearic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils, while the stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil. The most important phosphatidylinositol phosphate in both quantitative and biological terms is phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes. Phosphatidylinositols phosphates are usually present at low levels only in tissues, typically at about 1 to 3% of the concentration of phosphatidylinositol.	C41H78O16P2		None	None	None	3995.91	4978.83	5750.69	6431.71	9759.83	5556.06	5591.59	4186.15	6323.47	7081.7	9997.69	6672.5	4728.48	5977.7	3751.6	3350.9	3436.35	3768.74	3370.11	4598.66	7037.4	3443.05	5419.47	5525.19	6181.93	4766.33	4452.89	3547.87	5382.87	4481.69	9476.77	4134.07	3232.99	4365.55	3396.66	4348.31	3934.4	4278.17	6556.5	
907.5751321_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol16:0/22:3(10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(16:0/22:3(10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(16:0/22:3(10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of (10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatrienoyl) at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the (10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatrienoyl) moiety is derived from fish oils. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C47H85O13P		None	None	None	97842.1	62572.7	97358.3	69358.0	112768.0	55736.7	97806.1	78898.5	90260.7	57772.4	86178.5	95118.4	60599.0	64684.4	35469.3	105139.0	58266.3	92950.9	87540.2	82102.9	74656.3	66934.4	71444.3	75334.4	87276.2	65074.9	109024.0	88665.2	67243.2	85375.2	59121.8	86128.9	61497.4	91820.6	69323.5	66413.6	85089.0	68070.1	97631.6	
909.5479267_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol18:0/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(18:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C49H83O13P		None	None	None	56098.9	42533.9	47478.3	54163.3	74409.1	42058.8	73984.7	108621.0	48453.5	41570.2	73876.5	60600.0	49299.0	51450.4	27466.9	84118.4	29026.2	58249.5	36424.7	35569.0	43923.4	50707.3	44060.9	62390.8	61835.2	42297.9	75312.6	36635.6	42456.9	53541.1	57359.2	65559.8	47063.6	42445.7	38051.8	26568.0	38603.1	42626.1	59114.9	
911.5671268_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol18:0/22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PI(18:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylinositols are important lipids, both as a key membrane constituent and as a participant in essential metabolic processes, both directly and via a number of metabolites. Phosphatidylinositols are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PI(18:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of stearic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-2 position. The stearic acid moiety is derived from animal fats, coco butter and sesame oil, while the docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain. In most organisms, the stereochemical form of the last is myo-D-inositol (with one axial hydroxyl in position 2 with the remainder equatorial. Phosphatidylinositol is especially abundant in brain tissue, where it can amount to 10% of the phospholipids, but it is present in all tissues and cell types. There is usually less of it than of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In animal tissues, phosphatidylinositol is the primary source of the arachidonic acid required for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, via the action of the enzyme phospholipase A2. Phosphatidylinositol can be phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated by a specific kinase. Seven different isomers are known, but the most important in both quantitative and biological terms are phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PIs contain almost exclusively stearic acid at carbon 1 and arachidonic acid at carbon 2. PIs composed exclusively of non-phosphorylated inositol exhibit a net charge of -1 at physiological pH. Molecules with phosphorylated inositol (such as PIP, PIP2, PIP3, etc.) are termed polyphosphoinositides. The polyphosphoinositides are important intracellular transducers of signals emanating from the plasma membrane. The synthesis of PI involves CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol condensation with myo-inositol.	C49H85O13P		None	None	None	39100.4	25943.2	32594.3	32268.8	52629.3	33408.0	53053.5	75202.9	28864.9	23655.6	44664.4	37366.9	43448.7	30503.1	20038.0	51246.0	18009.3	40643.9	28862.6	27228.2	32736.8	39933.9	28392.7	38330.2	34960.3	34131.2	50661.1	30944.1	27555.9	36105.8	32267.6	44378.6	29974.4	30317.8	21306.8	20170.6	30481.6	25020.9	33629.6	
912.6858839_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (20:3(5Z_8Z_11Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of mead acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The mead acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C52H96NO8P		None	None	None	1669.57	2179.76	3064.47	2171.17	1433.3	1311.41	2585.8	1574.56	1647.38	1074.76	1865.28	2950.57	1235.86	1343.26	2471.1	1450.74	1573.75	2781.3	1444.84	1130.57	1980.24	1226.69	1990.38	1820.11	1497.26	1611.55	1851.8	976.296	1279.78	2159.11	3017.81	1149.45	1472.06	1507.87	1295.53	1134.09	1160.59	1316.54	2890.71	
916.6553332_MZ	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide with formula C50H95NO11S	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide is an acidic, sulfated glycosphingolipid, often known as sulfatide. This lipid occurs in membranes of various cell types, but is found in particularly high concentrations in myelin where it constitutes 3-4% of total membrane lipids. This lipid is synthesized primarily in the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Accumulation of this lipid in the lysosomes is a characteristic of metachromatic leukodystrophy, a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Alterations in sulfatide metabolism, trafficking, and homeostasis are present in the earliest clinically recognizable stages of Alzheimer's disease.Cerebrosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Cerebrosides have a single sugar group linked to ceramide. The most common are galactocerebrosides (containing galactose), the least common are glucocerebrosides (containing glucose). Galactocerebrosides are found predominantly in neuronal cell membranes. In contrast glucocerebrosides are not normally found in membranes. Instead, they are typically intermediates in the synthesis or degradation of more complex glycosphingolipids. Galactocerebrosides are synthesized from ceramide and UDP-galactose. Excess lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebrosides is found in Gaucher disease. Sulfatides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Sulfatides are the sulfuric acid esters of galactocerebrosides. They are synthesized from galactocerebrosides and activated sulfate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS).	C50H95NO11S		None	None	None	2522.5	1837.3	2359.09	1783.84	2485.83	1619.02	2516.89	2552.7	2133.1	2150.43	2586.69	2730.35	2760.05	1889.95	2757.0	2729.91	1504.18	2466.31	2052.55	2036.07	2687.63	2310.08	3238.82	2480.43	2477.23	1689.42	2407.18	2008.84	2213.89	2064.79	4353.18	1643.95	1909.07	1800.32	1651.51	1569.9	1863.29	1582.55	2821.41	
925.5384254_MZ	Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate (18:0/22:4(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H84O13P2		None	None	None	16243.6	14330.0	15239.1	17918.9	22219.0	14596.1	18865.5	17937.4	17492.2	14425.0	19508.6	17848.6	13457.1	11421.9	11927.0	18986.9	10894.9	17323.2	14344.5	13320.0	17440.0	14270.5	15835.6	15597.2	19441.1	14591.5	17016.1	13978.7	15080.2	15409.8	21824.0	15891.0	12173.3	14659.1	13355.1	12418.7	15532.0	13157.1	17184.1	
929.5074432_MZ	Angiotensin III	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C46H66N12O9		None	None	None	14487.9	13005.3	20943.9	13982.7	23513.1	13887.0	17770.9	11722.4	15846.1	12451.8	19803.8	17812.7	11913.7	11701.3	7828.25	11906.8	10209.1	13908.3	17706.4	13435.2	17991.9	10666.7	14084.7	14812.8	16705.6	13759.5	12652.5	12303.5	16067.8	16821.9	15930.2	13363.5	11104.7	12675.4	10717.6	11741.2	10503.5	10414.8	16511.5	
930.9836959_MZ	Guanosine pentaphosphate adenosine	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Guanosine pentaphosphate adenosine is a dinucleoside polyphosphate. Dinucleoside polyphosphates are an interesting group of signalling molecules that control numerous physiological functions. Diadenosine compounds, with a backbone of anything from two to seven phosphates, are known to occur naturally. Some of them have been isolated from cerebral nerve terminals and, acting via nucleoside (P1), nucleotide (P2), or dinucleotide receptors, can affect central nervous system function. Many of them have been isolated from human blood platelet secretory granules and are potentially involved in haemostatic mechanisms and peripheral control of vascular tone. Many visceral organs respond to the application of adenine dinucleotides and, although they act on receptors in the periphery that can be mainly defined as either P1 or P2, evidence is now accumulating for discrete dinucleotide receptors. In the periphery, adenine dinucleotides can be potent agonists, with diverse functions, causing contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle. Many P2X receptor proteins and P2Y receptors have been cloned and adenine dinucleotides have a variable pharmacological profile at these receptors and may be useful tools for characterising subtypes of P2X and P2Y receptors. Many extracellular roles of diadenosine polyphosphates are emerging as yet increasingly important, natural ligands for a plethora of structurally diverse mononucleotide and dinucleotide receptors. (PMID: 12772275, 7767329).	C20H29N10O23P5		None	None	None	6293.58	6082.38	6703.74	6428.91	6227.57	6772.48	6952.96	6596.44	6373.09	5491.76	6059.44	6529.61	6102.76	7140.28	6713.13	5014.24	5845.54	5904.06	6355.41	5651.03	6015.19	5732.8	5144.05	6056.07	6131.14	6004.78	6121.94	6167.75	6166.38	7671.13	5766.5	6145.85	4549.49	5367.65	5546.28	7397.93	6261.52	4893.86	6126.81	
932.7545361_MZ	Phosphatidylethanolamine (24:0/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PE(24:0/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylethanolamine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoethanolamines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PE(24:0/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of lignoceric acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The lignoceric acid moiety is derived from groundnut oil, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PEs are neutral zwitterions at physiological pH. They mostly have palmitic or stearic acid on carbon 1 and a long chain unsaturated fatty acid (e.g. 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6) on carbon 2. PE synthesis can occur via two pathways. The first requires that ethanolamine be activated by phosphorylation and then coupled to CDP. The ethanolamine is then transferred from CDP-ethanolamine to phosphatidic acid to yield PE. The second involves the decarboxylation of PS.	C53H104NO8P		None	None	None	420.025	810.769	647.174	1028.63	496.762	471.499	881.965	442.687	430.249	497.009	666.7	517.643	287.922	1000.36	1163.0	332.958	450.559	518.52	267.92	370.126	473.214	421.691	673.465	863.351	180.5	527.548	728.363	213.745	495.977	482.138	2154.92	324.772	472.338	194.443	420.695	438.355	324.655	169.159	606.949	
934.6779834_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The docosahexaenoic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C54H94NO8P		None	None	None	3019.55	1166.2	2731.36	1540.13	2894.08	1733.95	2701.91	2655.69	2402.16	1737.07	2577.53	2289.29	4015.06	1651.43	3296.96	1769.18	1333.25	3216.42	1669.48	2168.24	2488.28	1905.75	2159.53	2196.95	2285.29	1714.73	2083.26	1605.36	1583.31	2074.68	4659.15	1792.73	1193.21	1750.04	1149.66	1678.65	1669.34	1926.47	3762.96	
935.3722045_MZ	Oxytocin 1-8	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Oxytocin 1-8 is the fraction of Oxytocin which contains only Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu amino acid peptide. Oxytocin (sold as Pitocin, Syntocinon) is a mammalian hormone that acts primarily as a neurotransmitter in the brain. Also known as alpha-hypophamine (&#945;-hypophamine), oxytocin has the distinction of being the very first polypeptide hormone to be sequenced and synthesized biochemically by Vincent du Vigneaud et al. in 1953. Oxytocin is best known for its roles in female reproduction: 1) it is released in large amounts after distension of the cervix and vagina during labor, and 2) after stimulation of the nipples, facilitating birth and breastfeeding, respectively. Recent studies have begun to investigate oxytocin's role in various behaviors, including orgasm, social recognition, pair bonding, anxiety, trust, love, and maternal behaviors.	C40H60N10O12S2		None	None	None	350.059	476.067	363.49	430.657	689.421	602.317	631.61	486.596	751.512	527.62	1007.77	704.208	449.716	478.442	976.639	472.672	370.062	442.371	221.328	240.462	640.229	326.65	597.632	585.902	500.51	366.34	508.132	367.094	572.509	677.912	930.573	233.818	368.599	242.505	299.72	566.08	274.145	307.127	705.272	
935.7534174_MZ	Triglyceride with formula C63H100O5	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso6] is a monodocosahexaenoic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of arachidonic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C63H100O5		None	None	None	480.863	686.675	567.986	951.821	1048.53	708.785	678.297	748.66	522.178	695.929	576.05	288.535	851.87	1149.36	1390.33	351.066	493.817	520.152	286.57	323.332	560.16	568.285	668.34	632.254	375.392	506.018	687.521	172.336	581.439	324.645	2441.06	622.129	412.318	334.614	289.273	435.888	470.523	223.286	304.66	
936.6827690_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (22:5(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The docosapentaenoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and brain, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C54H96NO8P		None	None	None	6626.0	4314.46	8315.07	7091.76	10345.5	3755.31	7114.72	7647.02	9522.02	4946.59	7809.09	6447.84	13102.4	5466.9	3306.05	5765.52	4290.37	6536.77	5592.05	7458.27	8754.12	3932.81	7064.2	6474.63	8694.93	5054.86	5882.38	4321.56	4642.76	5958.43	6708.77	6386.16	3254.73	7543.91	3999.32	4728.97	5055.31	6960.08	7887.54	
937.5349929_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol phosphate (16:0/18:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C43H84O16P2		None	None	None	9391.78	11121.2	12845.8	13674.3	16893.8	10856.7	12762.8	10875.7	14110.9	11123.9	17936.5	15005.0	9243.24	10542.7	6438.44	7847.39	9005.24	12454.5	10111.7	10549.7	13914.6	7924.77	10326.6	11764.8	13817.1	9110.0	11135.3	8696.96	11921.9	10986.0	12781.8	10123.7	7377.33	10866.7	8806.04	8291.94	9023.78	9804.66	14127.3	
939.8443376_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)/22:1(13Z))[iso3]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)/22:1(13Z))[iso3] is a dioleic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)/22:1(13Z))[iso3], in particular, consists of one chain of oleic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of oleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of erucic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C61H112O6		None	None	None	945.847	1319.81	1049.43	1921.09	1046.5	1006.13	1195.94	1253.6	965.617	972.123	741.826	1014.4	1154.51	1220.34	3148.93	1092.24	897.644	1171.99	974.67	925.802	1239.83	784.696	1103.83	1005.48	797.124	960.411	1137.64	843.082	723.775	1347.01	3327.6	1044.51	928.195	632.933	993.612	1658.65	864.549	767.068	781.992	
941.5377961_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol phosphate (16:0/20:2(11Z_14Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C45H84O16P2		None	None	None	12181.9	14743.4	14171.8	19169.2	18757.2	13069.7	14387.9	12871.9	15632.1	12890.0	19392.1	17152.0	12671.9	11820.2	10480.9	12948.1	9562.86	13678.2	12201.3	11134.0	16709.3	10283.5	13760.3	13235.1	17103.1	12907.2	13558.2	11112.1	13770.3	13798.1	19028.1	12375.5	9164.25	12274.6	11252.8	11731.5	12241.1	10865.2	14343.7	
941.8468199_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (18:0/20:1(11Z)/20:1(11Z))[iso3]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C61H114O6		None	None	None	544.978	582.245	746.635	1165.1	458.237	471.301	623.841	754.395	634.973	536.32	449.076	425.984	512.364	990.653	2268.64	272.746	471.656	702.89	612.22	533.687	621.74	558.094	900.806	615.735	563.055	1015.52	636.865	481.32	500.924	775.261	2477.89	470.002	372.479	249.803	468.469	1190.2	525.14	482.798	222.242	
942.2144196_MZ	(2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	(2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA is an intermediate in fatty acid metabolism, the substrate of the enzyme acyl-CoA oxidase [EC-1.3.3.6], and enzymes acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, long-chain-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC 1.3.99.3-1.3.99.13]; (2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA is an intermediate in fatty acid elongation in mitochondria, being the substrate of the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase and [EC 4.2.1.17]. (KEGG).	C33H52N7O17P3S		None	None	None	620.181	592.663	531.378	424.42	494.292	718.319	634.439	450.361	635.303	461.288	273.825	126.366	635.041	437.412	314.962	412.227	401.305	515.235	1124.29	491.991	519.718	899.399	466.599	259.912	329.263	359.249	818.259	965.843	758.743	1022.48	384.698	509.424	361.895	687.933	367.906	902.459	936.398	643.166	207.676	
943.2801998_MZ	Disialyllactose	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Disialyllactose is a naturally occurring oligosaccharide present in the cell surface and in breast milk. Disialyllactose has been identified as one of the binding sites of the C fragment of the clostridial tetanus toxin, binding with great specificity and high affinity. Clostridial neurotoxins, botulinum and tetanus, gain entry into motor neurons by binding to the sialic or N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) residues of gangliosides and specific protein receptors attached to the cell's surface. Neurotoxins interact with motor neurons, blocking acetylcholine release and causing muscle paralysis and death. The glycosidic linkage between Neu5Ac and other monosaccharides is susceptible to hydrolysis at low pH, and disialyl lactose is unstable under acidic conditions. (PMID: 16713287, 16104015, 7263800, 7972078).	C34H56N2O27		None	None	None	148.597	172.523	87.0536	27.608	31.7774	129.211	232.585	187.499	1390.09	36.8047	18.4366	62.3223	154.699	182.353	307.97	130.34	83.7562	280.719	164.91	244.028	396.299	147.141	185.852	227.8	70.1898	210.041	119.414	
944.7513128_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z)) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(22:1(13Z)/24:1(15Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of erucic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of nervonic acid at the C-2 position. The erucic acid moiety is derived from seed oils and avocados, while the nervonic acid moiety is derived from fish oils. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C54H104NO8P		None	None	None	311.419	734.392	240.264	583.549	336.25	389.322	373.035	496.468	320.953	359.145	489.089	297.467	487.976	482.768	1364.71	260.887	338.196	516.203	167.74	226.601	435.201	324.992	609.435	367.05	201.281	310.585	532.869	209.997	288.107	239.227	2226.99	246.574	306.86	169.363	226.043	495.025	207.6	169.814	306.328	
955.5804257_MZ	1_2-Di-(9Z_12Z_15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-(Galactosyl-alpha-1-6-Galactosyl-beta-1)-glycerol	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None		C51H84O15		None	None	None	18808.0	12217.6	16079.2	14175.6	28381.1	11893.7	18726.5	16889.9	19859.2	11405.9	17176.9	16208.2	12371.1	13208.2	13002.8	15505.0	11361.1	17062.0	16267.5	16369.1	17128.3	12448.4	16472.9	15930.8	20182.0	11926.9	15712.1	18547.8	13817.9	17962.5	14669.4	15285.3	9808.68	16389.5	14693.0	14378.5	17249.4	12935.2	17442.4	
956.2976014_MZ	Pentaglutamyl folate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Pentaglutamyl folate is a naturally occurring form of folic acid. Naturally occurring folates exist in multiple forms, differing in pteridine ring structure and number of glutamate residues. (PMID: 10702529). Low methionine synthase activity for whatever reason (metabolic or dietary) may lead to an increase in the relative abundance of Pentaglutamyl folate. (PMID: 10329020).	C39H47N11O18		None	None	None	489.999	69.4811	314.821	78.1092	122.705	89.8903	194.002	300.509	103.532	83.0093	127.092	248.95	314.896	6.09556	152.072	236.637	63.4799	355.457	102.219	98.0862	162.492	96.0514	167.628	165.254	
962.2584524_MZ	3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA is a human metabolite involved in the fatty acid elongation in mitochondria pathway. The enzyme acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase catalyzes the formation of this metabolite from Acetyl-CoA.	C33H56N7O18P3S		None	None	None	171.544	6.37044	149.206	269.589	134.919	247.398	228.577	111.9	41.0428	175.166	282.182	28.5193	214.425	261.198	489.562	538.933	157.877	188.699	106.469	264.313	127.68	233.571	101.751	111.316	86.2556	139.879	233.83	129.719	233.133	83.1571	167.576	290.015	141.573	203.021	203.702	193.567	59.5571	
966.2889663_MZ	3Z-dodecenoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3Z-dodecenoyl-CoA is an intermediate in fatty acid metabolism. 3Z-dodecenoyl-CoA is converted from trans-Dodec-2-enoyl-CoA via acyl-CoA oxidase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and long-chain-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC:1.3.3.6, 1.3.99.3, 1.3.99.13].	C33H56N7O17P3S		None	None	None	181.143	69.3289	32.8466	260.952	54.9114	120.85	19.4572	315.814	223.077	1031.31	136.956	145.762	261.727	172.115	122.279	169.836	107.317	139.313	319.081	121.602	92.5406	167.515	190.091	80.3062	53.4081	283.235	127.814	403.493	88.4735	91.0286	15.9216	
967.0005349_MZ	Diguanosine pentaphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diguanosine pentaphosphate is a diguanosine polyphosphate. Diguanosine polyphosphates (GpnGs) are found in human platelets, among a number of dinucleoside polyphosphates, which vary with respect to the number of phosphate groups and the nucleoside moieties; not only diguanosine polyphosphates (GpnG) are found, but also mixed dinucleoside polyphosphates containing one adenosine and one guanosine moiety (ApnG). The vasoactive nucleotides that can be detected in human plasma contain short(n=2-3)and long(n=4-6)polyphosphate groups. GpnGs have not yet been characterized so far with respect to their effects on kidney vasculature. (PMID: 11159696, 11682456, 11115507).	C20H29N10O24P5		None	None	None	4787.92	4100.29	5049.05	4051.66	4763.97	5126.7	5427.12	4601.92	4045.18	3394.24	4107.61	4195.28	3840.85	4446.57	5272.29	3460.21	3921.8	4211.44	4985.97	3785.72	4397.18	3940.2	3235.64	4035.0	4446.96	4350.17	4534.46	4145.93	4294.15	6299.32	3920.2	4415.19	2467.16	3246.01	3819.31	5506.34	4439.11	3188.02	3321.5	
969.5401269_MZ	Phosphatidylinositol phosphate (16:0/22:2(13Z_16Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PIP(16:0/22:2(13Z,16Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol phosphate. Phosphatidylinositol phosphates are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to a phosphorylated inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositol phosphates are generated from phosphatidylinositols, which are phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated. Phosphatidylinositols phosphates can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PIP(16:0/22:2(13Z,16Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of docosadienoic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the docosadienoic acid moiety is derived from animal fats. The most important phosphatidylinositol phosphate in both quantitative and biological terms is phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes. Phosphatidylinositols phosphates are usually present at low levels only in tissues, typically at about 1 to 3% of the concentration of phosphatidylinositol.	C47H88O16P2		None	None	None	11249.3	13562.3	13948.7	16346.4	21052.2	14169.7	14610.0	12580.7	15175.6	16555.2	21173.6	14677.4	11987.8	12974.1	9230.39	14559.0	9525.69	13490.7	10351.8	11973.9	14785.1	10620.2	13241.1	12234.9	15423.5	12270.3	14490.4	10553.8	14419.8	12603.0	17692.6	12086.5	10253.1	12536.5	8713.58	9812.23	11523.7	11044.9	15414.4	
974.3461032_MZ	5-Methyltetrahydropteroylpentaglutamate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-Methyltetrahydropteroylpentaglutamate is a naturally occurring folate coenzyme; binds to an inhibits glyxine N-methyltransferase to regulate the availability of methyl groups in the liver (Journal of Biological Chemistry 264 (16): 9638-9642 JUN 5 1989 ).	C40H53N11O18		None	None	None	311.557	269.458	287.461	382.926	361.553	249.709	148.323	252.702	217.998	191.736	377.405	196.017	277.392	242.225	580.817	396.249	172.118	256.1	239.217	143.437	100.862	88.693	460.862	317.618	438.571	136.241	152.705	57.4772	98.0778	309.015	625.119	144.996	375.764	165.166	271.727	184.826	297.919	199.655	428.576	
976.5030119_MZ	CDP-Diglyceride (16:0/18:2(9Z_12Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CDP-DG(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is a cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol or CDP-diacylglycerol. CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DG) is an important branchpoint intermediate in eukaryotic phospholipid biosynthesis and could be a key regulatory molecule in phospholipid metabolism. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a cytidine diphosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, CDP-diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. CDP-DG(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils. CDP-diacylglycerols are intermediates in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerols (PG, PC, PS, PI), which is catalyzed by CDP-diacyl synthase, synthase, phosphatidylglycerolphosphate (PGP) synthase, phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthase, and phosphatidylserine (PS) synthase. Cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerols are rarely noticed in analyses of lipid compositions of tissues, as they are present is such small amounts, perhaps only 0.05% or so of the total phospholipids.	C46H81N3O15P2		None	None	None	6835.77	7009.37	7496.21	6768.38	9063.18	7392.81	7731.81	6769.31	8263.38	6776.09	10347.4	9224.41	5812.63	6529.89	4182.14	6654.47	4902.67	6667.92	6913.24	5455.07	8235.66	6011.65	6776.35	7979.16	7714.71	6087.04	6864.44	5828.49	8230.63	7393.13	7465.8	6844.76	5313.81	6095.3	5768.15	5704.72	5636.2	5953.62	8046.26	
976.8117013_MZ	Phosphatidylcholine (24:0/24:0)	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PC(24:0/24:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(24:0/24:0), in particular, consists of two chains of lignoceric acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions. The lignoceric acid moieties are derived from groundnut oil. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, choline is activated first by phosphorylation and then by coupling to CDP prior to attachment to phosphatidic acid. PCs can also synthesized by the addition of choline to CDP-activated 1,2-diacylglycerol. A third route to PC synthesis involves the conversion of either PS or PE to PC.	C56H112NO8P		None	None	None	241.377	378.364	382.035	515.23	203.98	249.42	257.54	373.96	176.928	234.343	308.08	127.671	165.59	365.406	1639.54	146.492	167.417	376.787	294.468	212.874	386.221	186.849	419.723	310.667	312.901	209.846	386.888	194.422	213.494	440.125	1465.54	127.141	206.101	114.999	199.793	587.303	341.862	181.088	146.839	
978.5180648_MZ	CDP-Diglyceride (16:0/18:1(11Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	CDP-DG(16:0/18:1(11Z)) is a cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol or CDP-diacylglycerol. CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DG) is an important branchpoint intermediate in eukaryotic phospholipid biosynthesis and could be a key regulatory molecule in phospholipid metabolism. It is a glycerophospholipid in which a cytidine diphosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, CDP-diacylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. CDP-DG(16:0/18:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat. CDP-diacylglycerols are intermediates in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerols (PG, PC, PS, PI), which is catalyzed by CDP-diacyl synthase, synthase, phosphatidylglycerolphosphate (PGP) synthase, phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthase, and phosphatidylserine (PS) synthase. Cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerols are rarely noticed in analyses of lipid compositions of tissues, as they are present is such small amounts, perhaps only 0.05% or so of the total phospholipids.	C46H83N3O15P2		None	None	None	5133.89	5522.04	5514.98	6308.37	8112.91	6445.05	6170.54	5664.69	6832.46	5703.01	8871.33	7786.53	5070.78	5177.45	4229.63	5252.7	3999.82	5595.16	4950.11	5056.69	6924.43	4621.67	5383.34	5870.19	6823.42	5078.11	5873.04	5080.89	6639.69	6098.43	6927.03	5506.67	4174.44	5208.13	4322.23	5288.56	5232.13	4644.63	7359.34	
987.4475567_MZ	PIP2(16:0/16:1(9Z))	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	PIP2(16:0/16:1(9Z)) is a phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphates are acidic (anionic) phospholipids that consist of a phosphatidic acid backbone, linked via the phosphate group to a bisphosphorylated inositol (hexahydroxycyclohexane). Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphates are generated from phosphatidylinositols which are phosphorylated by a number of different kinases that place the phosphate moiety on positions 4 and 5 of the inositol ring, although position 3 can also be phosphorylated. Phosphatidylinositols bisphosphates can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PIP2(16:0/16:1(9Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of palmitic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitoleic acid at the C-2 position. The palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats, while the palmitoleic acid moiety is derived from animal fats and vegetable oils. The most important phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate in both quantitative and biological terms is phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates are the main source of diacylglycerols that serve as signaling molecules, via the action of phospholipase C enzymes. Phosphatidylinositols phosphates are usually present at low levels only in tissues, typically at about 1 to 3% of the concentration of phosphatidylinositol.	C41H79O19P3		None	None	None	2042.21	2451.39	2380.89	3170.24	3288.38	2395.78	2733.89	2029.87	2682.79	2430.57	3165.23	2432.2	2419.3	2093.31	2171.19	2395.23	1959.14	2525.31	2394.32	2083.49	2960.78	1935.52	2247.44	2554.54	2697.98	2393.55	2554.99	1857.73	2623.52	2568.55	4240.24	2114.42	1836.78	1897.56	1623.78	2117.67	1842.79	1912.8	2284.23	
990.2815242_MZ	3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA is a product of the peroxisomal beta oxidation of hexadenoic acid by the enzyme acyl-CoA oxidase which results in long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA-esters. (PMID: 7548202). Myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (E.C. 2.3.1.97) is a eukaryotic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of myristate (C14:O) from myristoyl-CoA to the amino nitrogen of glycine. This covalent protein modification occurs cotranslationally, is apparently irreversible, and affects proteins with diverse functions. (PMID: 2818568).	C35H60N7O18P3S		None	None	None	195.971	218.308	278.158	255.851	340.031	376.945	155.684	319.045	249.923	320.22	75.6234	423.939	388.797	83.3346	79.435	252.728	165.618	77.4416	107.025	294.149	56.5683	333.753	164.312	457.709	518.447	446.513	168.592	255.764	341.312	197.029	207.263	322.706	290.047	308.232	268.543	98.2095	371.055	184.437	
991.9075997_MZ	Triglyceride (20:0/20:0/20:1(11Z))[iso3]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(20:0/20:0/20:1(11Z))[iso3] is a diarachidic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(20:0/20:0/20:1(11Z))[iso3], in particular, consists of one chain of arachidic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of arachidic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of eicosenoic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C63H120O6		None	None	None	1638.49	1540.86	1946.07	1875.28	1790.78	1871.29	1839.54	2230.72	1409.05	1169.23	1853.64	1886.26	8051.56	2307.79	3142.96	1345.36	1226.27	1734.37	1878.04	1454.26	2073.77	1458.92	1129.6	1976.74	1705.12	2042.71	2016.5	1477.54	1202.06	2616.18	2456.72	1688.34	1055.68	1295.09	1484.79	2377.42	1618.93	1220.96	1254.03	
992.2821982_MZ	5-cis-8-cis-Tetradecadienoyl-CoA	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	5-cis-8-cis-Tetradecadienoyl-CoA is an acyl-Coenzyme A that accumulates during the peroxisomal &#946;-oxidation of arachidonic acid and 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid via the arachidonate pathway requiring both NADPH-dependent 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase and delta 3,5, delta 2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase.(PMID 9448727).	C35H58N7O17P3S, (2S,6R,10R)-Trimethyl-hendecanoyl-CoA		None	None	None	254.052	189.397	445.555	92.4602	271.085	470.039	265.798	275.722	1048.81	305.667	70.4335	263.801	4591.12	351.256	149.839	159.932	391.628	306.439	478.092	177.131	246.622	466.752	161.754	566.151	374.099	424.617	341.492	314.7	312.771	505.131	433.07	354.416	542.024	403.417	99.9579	65.3957	386.862	660.638	366.65	
994.9830245_MZ	Diadenosine hexaphosphate	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Diadenosine hexaphosphate (AP6A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n = 3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are AP3A, AP4A, AP5A, and AP6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP6A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. AP6A have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. AP6A have been identified in human platelets and shown to be an important modulator of cardiovascular function. (PMID: 11212966, 12738682, 11810214, 9607303, 8922753, 16401072, 12738682, 10094777).	C20H30N10O25P6		None	None	None	12622.2	11721.0	12075.3	11899.4	12394.7	12698.8	14335.3	13443.4	11616.7	12241.0	11912.6	13221.3	12241.0	12562.5	14294.9	11610.5	12150.0	11731.3	12732.2	9757.59	12765.6	12156.8	11228.5	12169.4	11868.5	11798.9	12033.6	11096.8	12892.0	13602.0	12530.7	11688.0	10512.1	10958.6	12157.9	12577.2	12289.7	10509.9	11019.7	
995.3627300_MZ	Crocin	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	Crocin is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) that has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. Saffron is now used worldwide in folk medicine and is reputed to be useful in treating various human disorders such as heart and blood disorders. Stroke and heart attack are involved in reputed folkloric uses of saffron. Saffron is orally administrated as a decoction. Saffron extract exerts a protective effect on renal ischemia reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rats. Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha-induced apoptosis of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells by modulating mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 family proteins, which trigger downstream signals culminating in caspase-3 activation followed by cell death. Depriving cultured PC12 cells of serum/glucose causes a rapid increase in cellular ceramide levels, followed by an increase in the risk of cell death. The accumulation of ceramide was found to depend on the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase). Crocin prevented the activation of nSMase by enhancing the transcription of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthase, which contributes to a stable glutathione supply that blocks the activity of nSMase. (PMID: 17215084). Crocetin esters present in saffron stigmas and in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit are the compounds responsible for their color. (PMID: 16448211).	C44H64O24		None	None	None	136.528	438.851	286.245	358.538	400.509	403.407	214.654	328.771	425.527	358.726	366.02	832.003	189.815	635.242	442.129	179.462	209.253	278.661	92.0875	355.749	368.359	224.507	630.408	479.65	643.807	176.863	389.403	202.642	394.596	183.946	704.337	139.766	248.589	221.99	368.14	368.495	274.263	374.863	450.612	
995.7415567_MZ	Tricaprylic glyceride (22:5(7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z)/18:2(9Z_12Z)/22:6(4Z_7Z_10Z_13Z_16Z_19Z))[iso6]	Un	1.0	None	None	None	None	TG(22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso6] is a monodocosapentaenoic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso6], in particular, consists of one chain of docosapentaenoic acid at the C-1 position, one chain of linoleic acid at the C-2 position and one chain of docosahexaenoic acid at the C-3 position. TGs are the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats. TGs are major components of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose for brain fuel when it is broken down. (www.cyberlipid.org, www.wikipedia.org)TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase and so must use another route to TAG synthesis. Specifically, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), which is produced during glycolysis, is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), to generate 1,2-diacylglycerol. This diacylglycerol serves as the substrate for addition of the third fatty acid to make TAG. Intestinal monoacylglycerols, derived from dietary fats, can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-diacylglycerols.	C65H100O6, 		None	None	None	315.324	321.342	342.45	768.657	298.066	346.547	398.312	437.795	225.922	431.452	484.674	186.173	487.659	422.816	1201.73	379.242	267.028	349.77	205.562	181.975	353.349	198.95	486.723	334.679	76.4266	276.266	674.373	165.961	390.239	631.858	1454.63	164.154	256.938	228.133	214.226	159.735	327.042	392.746	204.02